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About The gazette-times. (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925 | View Entire Issue (May 28, 1914)
A HOME AND FAEM MAGAZINE SECTION The Orchard on K You Don't Care For It, Cut Let You. It Needs THE ORCHABD on the grain farm iB nsually an object worthy of pity and compassion a poor thing. It was planted because the farmer thought it would not be home without an orch ard. The trees were not carefully se lected in the first place. Too many of them were cummer and fall apples. The farmer took pride in it while it was growing and looked promising; but even before it began to bear he neglect ed it He allowed the borers to get in their work, and a percentage of the trees died. He allowed the rabbits to bark the trees in the winter. He allowed the hogs to run in it and rub against the trees. He failed to pruue. Ho did not spray because he bad not the time. He allowed it to grow up in weeds, pos Bibly in blue grass. Then, after it had borue for three or four years, and he was dissatisfied with the fruit, he be gan to wonder why he ever planted an orchard. He began to figure that if he bad never planted it, but had grown corn on the land, he would be much further ahead now without expense. The net result is that the average orchard on the farm is unproductive, does not pay, and the farmer wishes he had never planted it; that even 50 bushels of corn per acre would have been worth two or three times as much as all the fruit he ever got off that orchard. The orchard then becomes a preferred breed ing place for orchard pests. Cut It Down. What should be done with an orch ard of this kind! If your wife will let you, you had probably better cut down the trees, grub out the stumps, and plant corn. We suspect she won't allow you to do it. It would not seem like home without an orchard. In that case, Fruit Distribution Is Discussed IN DISCUSSING the business side of fruit distribution at the recent meeting in Chicago of the Seeond National Conference on Marketing aud Farm Credits, Charles W. Holman of the University of Wisconsin and secre tary of the Conference, gave seven, rea sons why marketing associations fail: 1. A wrong type of organization. 2. The failure to pay good salaries and expect efficient service. 3. A half-hearted feeling among tlie producers, which led them to follow false gods of antagonistic interests that Wero combining for the purpose of dis xupting the local organiar.tion. - 4. Failure on the part of the local associations to federate with each other to obtain strong gelling power and to iovelop strong purchasing power. 5. Failure to provide for proper in poctional and auditing services. 6. Failure to guarantee the product and protect the guarantee by the credit of the organization. 7. The spread of tenancy through ome twenty-six states of the Union. Got Down to Facts. "Such causes are to be expected in the present development of the farmer as a business man, for we must re member that the evolution of farm business is at least a generation be hind the evolution of other forms of business. There are many fundamen tal causes for this condition, which kave been dwelt upon by -other speak ers and by many writers. "It is customary to discuss the farmers' co operative movement some what in the same way that people discuss the single tax or the co-oper ative commonwealth, as a movement of teautiful idealism. Very few people ave as yet gotten down to the actual dollars and cents point of view in dis cussing this thing. Organization Is Thing. "And after all we do not care Whether it is the nonprofit-making Corporation, or the joint stock com pany, or the partnership agreement, or whatever form of organiaztion that the farmer's business may take, pro Vidod that in the running of that busi Bess he gets the thing that is now the Grain Farm It Down iS Your Wife Will Care, However. there's only one thing to do; and that is take care of it. If it has been growing up in weeds, plow it up, sow it to clover, and thus fertilize it. Scrape the rough bark off the trees, whitewash them, prune them, and if you can, head them out low, so that ttje fruit can be gathered easily. Learn' how to spray, and then spray every tree. We are not telling you how to spray. If you are interested, you will send to your experiment station and get a spraying calendar. If you are not interested, you would not do it if we should tell you how. Orchard Business Apart We don't advise -farmers to go into commercial orcharding. That's a sep arate business by itself. No farm, how ever, is really a farm unless it has an orchard. What you want is fruit enough for your family, and in good years some to give away to the people in the neigh borhood, and perhaps in town, who do not have an orchard. Don't do any half-way job. Either make the orchard a delight, an ornament to the farm, a joy to your wife, and a double joy to your children, or else dig it up. Any thing is better than a run-down, neg lected orchard. It will cost you something to spray; but if the fanners in any neighbor hood determine that they are going to have orchards, as they Bhould for the' sake of the farmers, the wives and the children, and the farms themselves, it is easy to arrange for somo man to sjray all the orchards in the neighborhood, to keep the trees pruned, and give direc tions as to how to take care of them. The orchard in the corn belt takes the place of the vine and fig tree in ancient lsreul; and the man who does not have one is not living up to' his privileges as an American farmer. necessary for the welfare of himself and his family and his community a living price above the cost of his farm and Boiling operations." The reasons for the failure of mar keting associations as given by Mr. Holman are. not all that may be dis- sovored, but fruit growers who have watched the rise and fall of market ing organizations will find among these seven reasons, at least one which has contributed to the downfall of their organization. And furthermore, these marketing associations which are now in existence and are somewhat uncer tain about the success they will make, need to consider these reasons for failure, find the leak in their ranks and proceea to make the changes and adjustments that will lead on to suc cess. CHERRY GUMOSIS, REMEDY. THE Corvallis experiment station rec ommends for gnmosis of the cherry to clean off the affected parts, re moving bark and the gum and any de cayed material, then disinfect with a solution of 1 part corrosive sublimate to 1000 parts of water. This will help to heal, but the original cause is perhaps imperfect transformation of combium into wood; likely to occur when the trees grow too rank and late in the fall. . . Tree Wash. To the Editor. Please give formula for making whitewash for peach trees. 8. L.R. Dissolv? as much common washing soda as you can in six gallons of water; then dissolve one gallon of ordinary soap to tho above; slake some lime to a rather thick paste and add enough of this to make a thick whitewash. Scrape off the loose bark, if any, also remove the soil from the base of trunk, digging out the borers if you Bee signs of them, then apply the wash freely from the larger limbs to the ground, then replace tho soil abouf the tree. Two more European capitals, Vienna and Bucharest, have been connected by a direct telephone line. A new electric churn for household use is operated by a motor of only one-thirtieth of a horsepower. Electro-magnets opevnto a new sew ing machine without the uso of interual shafts and geuriuj. Feeding Field Peas Proves Success HENRY ROSENBERG, who is farm ing a 1700-acre wheat ranch a few miles out of I'endletou, Ore gon, has for the last three years had lonr acres planted to Canadian field peas. lie considers them very fine for hog feed, because on account of the small amount of work and trouble they place him to compared to the amount of value he figures they are to hiin. Beginning about the first of June he turns his hogs in on them and from that time on he bothers no further in regard to them. They elean the patch up entirely, eat ing everything, peas, pods, vines aud as much of the root as they can root out. Last year ho ran from 33 to 50 pigs on his patch and will probably put in as many or more this year than he did last. He says thero is no danger of volunteer peas if one wishes to dis continue raising them at any time, for the pigs clean them up by fall so clean that it is impossible to find a single pea upon the ground. Some Experiments in Salting Butter. A report received bv the Department of Agriculture of experiments made by mo untario agricultural station showed that salt added to butter iu a wet con dition was better distributed and more in solution than wero the dry salt lots. The average percentage of moisture re tained in the finished butter was prac tically the same with both saltings. Tests on the retention of salt in the butter by the two methods do not ncree. Butter churned to about the size of wheat granules contained more moisture and loss salt than did similar butters churned to lump size. Grittiness in but ter was found to bo due to an over abundance of salt. It was found that a saturated salt solution contained, on an average, 1:9.25 per cent salt. Quan tities of salt rangiuir from 4.29 to 5.77 pounds per 100 pounds of butter were aauca to chiirnmgs, with a resulting retention of salt of from 3..r)6 to !Ur, pounds, the loss being accounted for in tno churn water and on the worker. A loss of moisture and salt in butter was found in the process of printing and packing, and after one, two and three months in cold storage there was a steady decrease in moisture content, the salt coutent remaining fairly uniform. STAR LINE Bam Fixtures Space will not permit us to tell you much about this line, but If you are interested Write for free Catalogue. Full line of Dairy and Creamery Supplies. MONROE & CRISELL Bara Fixture Dept. 126 Front St, Portland, Ore. U. S. and Foreign Patents Obtained. Send Sketch and Description tm Opinion as to Patentability. PETER HABERLIN, 200 Victor Bldg., Washington, D. O, WOULD YOTJ LIKE AN INCOME OF $2,500 A YEAR? If to, and you hire $1,000 to Invert In s good, legitinialo business that will stand the lirictcst investigation, write to me JOHN SPRINGS, 312 Henry Bldg. 312 Henry Bldg., Portland, Oregon. Astoria By The Sea WHERE arVER, P-AIL AND OCEAN MEET. For Astoria, Warronton, Flavel or New Astoria Property, call on or write to A. R. CYRUS, 38Q Commercial St., Astoria, Oregon. "Join the Band" BIG SALE OF CLARINETS Over 200 Kohlert Clarinets to be sold out regardless of cost. SEND FOB SPECIAL CLARINET BULLETIN. Free Trial Offer. U Graves Music Co. 151 Fourth St. Portland ... Oregon Everything for the Band. Exclusive agents for Conn Baud Instruments. Send for free catalogue, also second hand lists. It Is INDEED A Powder a Woman may trust, but not a Trust Powder. Hence its reasonable price and increasing popularity. "Crescent Baking Powder" Crescent Mfg. Co., Seattle, Wo. GET IT FROM YOUR GROCER 26c Per lb. Do you want to Sell or Trade your Farm? Our facilities Tor handling farm lands are unexcelled in this section. We are exclusive farm dealers, and our long and successful experience in the farm line has fitted us for getting quick re sult. If you desire to sell or trade your farm property, write us today, giving full and accurate description of just what you have to offer, with your best price and terms. Also if you will trade, state just what kind of property you want in exchange. We will do the rest. HARGROVE & SONS 122 North 6th St, Portland, Oregon. Let Me Repair THAT OLD VIOLIN I can Certainly I'leuse You. I u in expert repairer of all kinds of stringed instru ments. My price is one-half the cus tomary charge Gold Medal at the World's Fair. Write Me for Tricos Today. W. R. McCORD, 1854 Fourth St., Portland, Oregon. EXCURSION RATES On Household Goods, Automobiles ant Machinery To and From All Points. PACIFIC COAST FOBWARDING CO. 807 By. Ex. Blag. Portland, Ore.