Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The Lebanon express. (Lebanon, Linn County, Or.) 1887-1898 | View Entire Issue (July 5, 1889)
What rrnfemnr tt I'liNrriiHi'V Know About I'ltwitrra and (,'renm, .. "Cosmetics" was the topic of an in tetoHting paper road by Prof. Albert ft. Ebert, president of tho Illinois Board of Pharmacy, at tho annual meeting of the Woman's Physiological Institute. Tho professor laid out before his hear ers a small drug store stock of cos metics, consisting of a box or a bottle of almost every notod make, and then proceeded to toll what they wore made of, and what they actually cohU and what they sold for at retail, proving that tho whole buslnoss wan an out ragoous swindle as regard price, to way nothing of palming off on a con fiding public as an innocent and harm lean lotion, or powdor, a nostrum made of dangerous and hurtful drug. The component party of the most widely known face powders are chalk, starch, magnesia, biHinuth and oxide of zinc, some of thorn being a combination of two or moro Ingredients, while others, and by long odds the most of them, are nothing but French chalk pure and simple. What the professor said was not so much in condemnation of the use of cosmetics as it was an expla nation of the swindles practiced by manufacturers. "There are ten thousand of these preparations," he said, "and one firm alone in this city lists four thousand of them." Then he read seven simple formulas and pave the names of a half dozen elements, and said that every compound sold, under whatever name, contained nothing he had not named. This little pot," he said, holding up a "cream." "has at present a wonder ful reputation on the strength of the secret formula, said to have been the secret of famous Frenchwoman's beauty. What is it? Common 7.ino oxide ground in equal parts of w ater and glycerine and perfumed with rose. I will give you the formula," and he did so. "It has a pretty ribbon about it. and soils for tl-W or $1K dozen. What docs it cost? Ten cents." Then he showod the ladies what they were buying when they purchased another cream of wide reputation. "You pay a $1..VJ for it; it is a pretty bottle and holds eight ounces; seven of them are pure water: tie ot her is calomel. Coot of calomel fur a dozen bottles. .LI cents; cost of bottles, cents; filling and corking, 6 cents; total CG cent; retail. $18." Magnesia, the professor stated, is not nearly so commonly used as is generally supposed; it is too fluffy and lucks adhering properties. One name for a face powder in "flake white," and if a lady goes iuto a drug store asking for that article she rets nothing but the ordinary white lead, made from zinc, la chalk, lime is a predomina ting feature and can not help but be injurious to the skin. He produced box of popular itowder that sold at re tail at $1.80, and then said it was noth ing but French chalk, pure and simple. aud that one cent would be an extor- tionate price for the amount contained in the box. "The danger arising from the use of cosmetics," said the doctor, "is greatly overdrawn. Face pi-eparatlons have a legitimate use. atid properly used are no more harmful than perfumes. iuc. when present in powders, possesses ome curative powers, and bismuth is only slightly Injurious. Tho priuclpal trouble is the eoutiuued application of powders and the stopping up of the capillaries of the face. Most face powders are only zinc, bismuth, mag nesia and chalk. Load and mercury eoldom enter into them. These are mo frequently found in washes, which yet tholr only merit from the glycerine or oil in which the elements are ground. In all of them there is uo dif ference except as to name. Dr. Kbert had some figures which showed that $02. 000. IKK) were spent in America ouch year for cosmetics, of which $26,000,000 were reinvented in advertising, and that the remainder, $37,000,000, was profit Chicago Her-Id. RAVAGES OF INSECTS. How to Apply Inmrtlolde to a to cure I Inflatory ltemiirN, Considerable interest has developed lately on tho subjoct of applying insec ticides, and it is very opportune. The pressing need of a bettor understand ing of methods for successfully resist ing tho ravages of our insect enemies crowds upon us with increased vigor as tho rocurring seasons increase the number and rapacity of tho foo. It has been very evident (to close ob servers at least) that a great part of the work done, especially in the use of poisonous compounds, has proved of ac tual damage; that is, the insects them selves would not have done moro harm if loft alone than tho misuse of poison did. A treatment for insects that may do very well in a growing, productive senson is liable to do groat harm to the crops in an unfavorable one. To apply poisons effectively (without doing in jury) and cheaply, is equally of importance. After quite an extended experience In usinir insecticides in nearly all wsjys. I have decided that there is only one way in which satisfactory results can bo reasonably expected every time, and that is by spraying. Tolsons should beusodin liquid form always, and ;in applying to the foliage, to insure suc cess, it must be broken up Into fine, misty spray, like fog or steam. To ac complish this desired result, there is nothing yet made to excel the spraying machine. It is buut on simple, me chanical principles, and the amount of the application can be guaged per fectly. By the aid of one horse (or team) and man, this machine operates on four rows of potatoes at a time, de livering a fine, misty spray with force. penetrating every part of the plant and thoroughly Impregnating the foliage with poison (but not drenching), so that if the larvae feed on any portion they must get the poison. The danger of burning the leaves Is greatly les sened. In fact, the plant can hardly be harmed if ordinary care is taken. I have sprayed eighty acres of potatoes in three dHys, using only $3.50 worth of London purple, and in thirty-six to forty-eight hours after the poison was put on hardly a slug could be found alive. Ihe expedition ana economy with which poisons can be applied in this way enables the grower to use weaker solutions often, and thus obviates all danger from doing harm to the growing crops. The Colorado bugs bade fair to give us the most trouble wo ever exper ienced during the dry season of 1887, yet by two timely applications of Lon don purple by spraying, we succeeded in almost totally destroying them, oi Bwoti, wuicu is now a gn-ator curse to Wisconsin than all the monopolies which prey upon the people. Tho coming farmer will provide his wifo all those modern appliances for doing her work, which will make her life ono of comfort and happiness, and lighten her labors as much as the most modern appliances lighten tho labors of the farmer. The coming farmer will make the whohs country smile under the tillage of wisely-directed effort guided by the intelligent thought of a well cultivated mind, a thoroughly trained brain. G. G. Gordon, at Wisconsin Farmers1 Institute. , THE RATTLER'S RATTLE. ONLY. lomethlng to lle for came to th place, Something to Slit ror, may oe. Something to rlve evo Borrow a (tmoo. And yet It wan only a baby' Coolnu. and lauRbtrr, and (rurglea. and crlea, Dlmnkw ror umdureM klwiea, Cbaoa of lioifft. and of raptures and ilRhi. Caaoa of foam and or bluaee. Uwt year. Ilk all yean, tho rora and the thorn; Tbut year a wlldernmn. may be; But heaven stooped under the roof on the morn That It brought there only a baby -Harriet lYeaoott Bpoirora JonrnalUm In Australia. Aa affording a notion of the con ditions of Australian life. Urn news paper of that region are exception ally valuable; for, especially in their weekly editions, they- are simply en cyclopedic. The stranger at nee, in his ignorance, taKesan Australian weesiy to be intended for use far out in the country, at lonely "stations," by men who find time, once in a wnue, to aa- just all thew relations to me universe at one long sitting. The reader of such a weekly acts as a sort of father confessor, while the editor spreads out before him a general confession or all the sins of mankind, from Melbourne horse races to European complications, in well classified order and in very good language. All the Australian colonies are represented in the weekly general summaries; two or three Be-. rial novels run itieir even courses in the few columns allotted to each; the endless list of colonial sports, races, cricket matches, football games, is duly set forth ; letters from New York, London, runs, together wun pages oi telegraphic foreign material, prevent the colonial reader from being too much absorbed in home affairs, while these home affairs are treated in lengthy political summaries, in long editorials, in shorter editorial notes. in corresK)iidcnce. Meanwhile practical interests are not forgotten, ihe farm, the vine- Jard, cattle raising and mining are iscussed ut length Dy experts. Games, puzzles, essays, book reviews, gossip, close the solid feast of some thirty larcre closely printed five column pages of actual text (exclusive of the advertisements). Most of our terrible Sunday papers are far outdone as to without apparent damage to any part quantity of matter and on the whole of the crop, at a cost of less than 50 as to quality of matter as well None cents per acre. Including labor and or our wecKiies can nvai uiese mency The Faculty of Memory. The faculty of memory is the foun dation of genius. Few, comparatively, are acquainted with the fine machinery of the memory, which is as capable of being regulated and governed as tho clock on the mantel. A celebrated writer, whose memory was treacherous, arranged a book with 8i." pages, to ac commodate the days of the year, and resolvod to recollect an anecdote for very page as insignificant and remote as ho was able, rejecting all anoodotes under ten years of age, and to his sur prise he filled every Inch of spaco. al though until this experiment was tried he had no oonooption of the extent of his faculty. Wolf, the German meta physlclau, relates of himself that by the most persoverlng habit ho solved his algebralo problems in bed and in darkness, and geometrically composed all his methods by the aid of Imagina tion and memory. To register the transactions of the day, with observa tions upon them, is an exercise that soon drifts into a habit that is as profit able aa it soon becomes easy. It was thus that Darwin educated himself ia poisons for the two jobs. Isawagreat many fields of potatoes that were al most ruined that Reason , by , applying poisons in a careless manner, both in liqr.ld and powder lorm. n hen pota toes bring 75 cents to $1 por bushel at harvest time, it is poor policy to ruin a crop by being short-sighted in any way. Wetting or drenching the vines with water alone during dry, hot weather is a dangerous experiment, and when the witter is incorporated with active poisons and applied in a haphazard manner, it is most sure to do harm. The whole business of mixing and ap plying insecticides should bo done in a systematic and methodical manner. Guess work will not pay. As Prof. W. B. Alwood has well said, in his station report ou Insects and Insecticides: "lack of exactuoss in the details often Uofoats the purpose of work with in secticides." Defeat is tho price of carelessness or ignorance. Cor. Ohio Farmer. m ' THE COMING FARMER. lie Will lie a Man Comprteut to Hring Fortli New Idea. The coming fusmer is on tho way. Ho is the new-school fn-tner, the one who Is cut ting looso from tho ancestral way and stepping far in advanco of his fol lows; he is adopting and bringing forth new ideas, putting into practice methods which will eventually double aud treble the productive powers of the soil. The coming farmer will be a man of thought as well as of brawn. Specimens of him may bo occasionally seen in the retired merchant who takes up farming as a happy means of put tiuir in his closing years. That force of thought which gave him succoss in mercantile life he now applies to till lng the soil and to the various depart ments of agriculture, and thereby proves that thought is as profitable in farming as in any other business. One of the leading characteristics of the comln? farmer is that he will be a specialist. Ho wSl devote his efforts, his thoughts, his whole energies to one line of agriculture its much as the mer chant who twenty years ago kept a general purpose store. The inn t suc cessful farmers of the pre.:it time are those who are pursuing special lines, whether in the production of dairy products, of draft horses, road horses, special breeds of shoep, cattle or hogs. Tho coming farmer will scud forever to the block tho scrub sire in all clussos clopodic character, in well edited many siued variety or appeal, joinea, as is here the case, with excellence of workmanship. The only objection that our own badly spoiled newspaper reader would make would be that all this was too dry for him and too vast For my own part, since my return from Australia, 1 have been taking one ot Uiese line weeklies reguiariy, and reading, not all of it, but as much as 1 desired and with no little pro tit 1 know no better meati9 to become ac quainted with the drift and the forces of Australasian life. Atlantic Month- iy. Quoting Scripture, Thnt famous patent lawyer, Will iam fc bunonus, wuo ueieaiea me witty Bob Vance at the polls in the Hartford district, tells a pretty good story on himself, lie has in his em ploy, as cook, an om coioreu woman, who was formerly a slave. She is vely religious, and is continually quoting things from the Scriptures, Tho old woman has u very excellent voice, and sings her old plantation songs i n llieiinmiiuoiouarKy way. une Sunday morning she was singing away while preparing urcaKiasi, aim Mrs. Simonus arose and opened their room door that they might hear her the bet ter. When they went down to break fast, Mrs. Siinouds remarked; "Aunty, my husband and myself have been enjoying your singing very much." The old darky looked pleased, and saw an excellent opiMjrtunny oi quot ing Scripture, sosho replied; 'iivv, Missy, but 1 didn't know that I was caslin' pearls befo' swine." Miuueao ol is Tribune. UiiglUh aa Sli la Talked. "Hey, Bill Whyd'ut chu kumtui kool yistaft noon if' "Uozzu iiauua stateom coi mum muthcrs sick." "Ya-as, coz yeira lier ; JimTomson saw vou gonna lishin." "Weill guess the doctor said mum muther roughtto have some fish." "Betchu didden ketch nauthiu." "Betti caughtta bull pout that long witha pinnook." "Ya-as you did. Betchu ketch somthin biggern that wen you git toskoolntho ole teacher gitsoluo you." "Howiunot" "Coa Jim Tomson give youway." (Bill weeps softly and goes off in quest of James Tomson before seek ing tho inevitable interview with the toachcr. which really he does not seek, but Quels it rather thrust upon him. against his urgent wishes and strong protest.) Bob liuruette, A Cambridge Profranor Ray Ihe AtUeb- ment la Simply Mtclianlral. Mr. S. Garraan of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass., has been investigating the rat tle of the rattlesnake. The habit of sloughing is common to all serpents. A short time before the removal of the old skin takos place, the new epiderm makes its appearance beneath the old. The mode of growth ot the new and the removal of the old is the same iu all snakes, with the exception that in those with a rattle that portion of the slough that covers the tip of the tail is retained to form one of the rings of the rattle. The attachment is simply mechanical: the rings are merely the sloughs off the end of the tall. The terminal bone of the tail is formed of vertebra; that have coalesced, and changed in great measure their shape. In the different species tho number of vertebrae included in this bone varies considerably, and Sometimes it varies in individuals of the same species. With the purpose of indicating the manner of growth of the rattle, and as far as possible determine its origin, Mr. Garman has followed up its ap pearance ia several species, full details of which, with figures, have been lately published. In the very young rattlesnake, while the vertebrae are still separate, there is no rattle; but about a week after birth a well-marked button is seen. With the first slough the first ring is set free, the button being pushed forward, and a third button is grad ually perfected. In time the traces of the vertebra; in the terminal bone are almost obliterated. The bone becomes thickened, pushed forward at its edges, and otherwise enlarged. In a full- grown rattlesnake the hinder seven of the rings belong to the period of the snake's most rapid growth they form the "tapering rattle" formerly used in classification of the species while four t the rings and the button are formed while the gain in size was less rapid, and form the "parallelogrammic rat tle" of the old classifiers. Many ser pents besides thoso possessed of a 'crepitaculum"are addicted to making a rattling noise by vibrations of the end of their tails. In illustration of the extent to which the tail has been modi fied . in different cases, Mr. Garman figures the tails of several species, among others that of AncMrodon con corlrix, Lin., the copperhead of the United Suites. The tip of its tail is di rected downwards as well as a little backwards. Most often the button has one or two swellings in a degree re sembling those on a ring of the rattle. A living specimen of this snake, kept for a year or more, would take to rat tling on the floor whenever it was irri tated. The sound was made by the terminal inch of the tail, this part being swung from side to side In the segment of a circle, so that the tip might strike downward. The result was a tolerable imitation of the sound mode by a small rattlesnake. Science. Thetenlency'bt Ttio nair is to-, downward, and fastening up broan.8 the hair at the back of the neck. Tlu ' , stylos of braiding and twisting into a V coil at the back, from which two small ,, curls are left hanging, or of twisting tho hair into two strands and forming what is called tho chain-link, which droop from tho crown of the head to the edge of the neck, are becoming to , tho wearer, and do not Interfere with tho growth of the hair. , It is better for ladles to wear a false front than to curl their own hair with an iron every morning and gradually burn it up in front. 11. Uuilmara, in ourior- Joiu-n"1 , ; WOMAN'S GREAT GLORY. A Learned Halr-Drenaer Tell Ladies How to Car for Their Hair. Very few ladles in this country know how to take care of the hair. Abroad it is part of a lady's education to know how to keep her hair, her hands, her feet, her teeth and her com plexion in perfect condition. The American ladies who were educated abroad, or who have maids to attend them, ate almost the only ones who give their hair the proper attention, The rest lot it go any way, and you will seo elegantly dressed women on the stroot with hair broken off at the back and sticking out in every direc tion. Very few hair-dressers in this country understand their business, The onlv izood ones are thoso who have been brought up to it and whose fathers were hair-dressers before them. Tho art can not bo learned in this country; it must be learned abroad. It is not necessary to wash the head very ofton, if the hair Is carefully combed and drowsed every day. When a shampoo is ueedod, braid tho hair, commencing about four inches from tho head and braiding to the ends. Then wet tho sculp and with a sponge apply a lather mado from the best soap that can ba obtained. After rubbing the scalp thoroughly with the fingers, wash the head with clean water. Now, let the hair dry natur ally. Do not sit by a fire or near a gas burner, as hoat will make the hair brittle.- It is bust to not even use a fan, but take plenty of time for the hair to dry. It will bo from an hour to an hour and a half. Do not comb it or put it up before it ia thoroughly dry. A drop of hair oil may be used to give it a gloss. Only the best oil should be employed. The hair should be combed with a tortoise shell comb, and a brush made of horse hair should be the only one used. Those brushes are made expressly for the purpose in prance and England, and cost throe dollars each. In dressing the hair care should be taken to avoid straining it by doing it up too tightly. The late style of drawing it all up on top. ofJhe head was very injurlo:" '. .... ROANOKE ISLAND. A Famou place of Kefate Converted Into I'leaaure Keeort. Koanoke Island, on which the firs! white colonists made their home, is now, by a strange turn of fortune's, wheel, to bo mude a pleasure resort. It is to be "improved" in the modern meaning of the word. A great many people will visit the island and will find not only the ruins of the fort which Sir Walter Raleigh's IU-fated colonists built there, but the ruins of the fortifi cations built nearly three centuries later by the Confederate and Federal forces in succession. The island has always been an object of special in terest. Your correspondent has gath ered from Captain Walter Dough, th oldest resident of the island, some facts in its history whichhave not been made public. The population of the island was in 1861 about three hundred. Many enlisted in the Confederate army and remained in service during the war. Even after the island was captured by the Federal troops the natives who were there were faithful to the Con federacy. A marked exception was found in three natives who piloted tho Federal gunboats, but hunger and gen eral destitution were the cauees. Th battle of Roanoke Island was short but sharp. The present Governor of North Carolina, Daniel G. Fowlo, was capt ured there with almost the entire regi ment of which he was then Major. The United States officers and troops were very kind to the natives, and their kindness was appreciated and recip rocated. Yet, notwithstanding the friendly feeling existent, not one joined the Federal troops'. The island was assigned as a place of refuge for negroes, and in the spring of 1864 there were 11,000 of these who hod sought protection from slavery. Tho scenes on the island during all those months were terrible, and will never be forgotten. There were all sorts ol potty jealousies among them, and deaths from poisoning were of daily occurrence. This taking of life was allowed the wildest range. Counted with this was an absolute disregard for all sanitary laws. The mortality be came so groat that in a few weeks 2,000 were buried in one great pit, while thousands of others were burled at other points on the island. They were placed in trenches and lime wit thrown upon them. Near the residence of Captain Dough were buried over 2,600 of the unfor tunate colored people. Strange sights were to be seen in that vicinity all through the summer of 1864. What appeared to be balls of flame arose from the earth by hundreds, and mov ing upward, often with great rapidity, exploded above the tops of the tallest trees. The scene was frightful yet beautiful, and for months was wit nessed. There are yet visible In the Island hundreds of graves, many cov ered with pines and vines. All th headboards which marked the graves are mingled with the earth. There: were not a fow whito refugees on the island and some of these are buried there. Tho island is about twelve miles in length, and upon it is tho county 6ea1 of Dare County, Manteo. This wai tho name of an Indian chief who was , warm friend of the white poople. Th Legislature created tho county of Dure.' quite recently and namod it in honrV of Virginia Dare, tho tirst white child born on American soil. Raleigh (N. C.) Letter. Manner of Retreat of Arabs. When an Arab tribe are pursuod by an enemy, they sleep and take their food without ha' ting. That they may not full from their camels whon sleep, lng, they stretch themselves out at length, placing their feet in a bag ott each side of the animal's neck. Theli food is prepared by the women. One mounted on a camel loaded with wheat, continues grinding with a hand-mill, and passes tho meal to another, who u provided with leather bott' " contain ing water, suspended on t u:h side ol her camel; she, having prepared the paste, passes it to a third, who com pletes the operation by breaking bread in thin slices on a chafing dish, or a portable oven, which is heated with wood or straw, ims nrcaa, wun portion of cheese and dates, is then dis tributed by her to thoso whom it is her province to feed, and the frugal meal U finished with a draught of camel's milk. The camels are also milked as they walk, the men using for this purpose large wooden bowls, which are passed front one to another. sr. Y. Ledger. the art of thinking. ' -r-1 r. X