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About The Lebanon express. (Lebanon, Linn County, Or.) 1887-1898 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 28, 1888)
, .5.s,fca ot making steel tubo i ens to revolutionise the manufacture of gun burrois. at least from the small e,t rlftos to the rapid-firing cannon of two op three Inches bore used on war hips. By this process ft aolld bar, or ingot of steel, la passed through a set t rolls, aud coraos out a tuba with a twist fiber. To fully understand the bearing of this new process it Is necessary to know how gun barrels am ordinarily made. The rifle barrel la simply & bar ol steel rolled out to the right alae by passing It through, grooved rolls. The bar is forced into the groove and compressed und drawn out, the grooves being of less diameter than the ingot that is fed in. This process makes a fiber, but the fiber runs lengthwise of the bar, and Is, therefore, less able to resist a . i ! I .ttUI it 1 1. A fiber ran around the barrel. But the strength of the steel bar Is great enough to resist the strain of a rifle cartridge, and most rifle barrels are made by this process. In shotguns heavier charges of powder are used, and on account of the slate of the bore and the limit that must be put on the weight of the two barrels of which shot-guns arc made. thinner metal is required in the bar rels, and therefore a tougher metal should be used. A good many shot pun barrels are made of plain rolled steel, but they are not trustworthy. To make a stronger barrel, the gun- maker piles up two Ingots of the best puddled iron and two t the Wt steel, alternating the Iron and the steeL Ihese he rolls out into rods or a rec tangular section of perhaps three' eUrhths of an inch, and then twist them Into a spiral rod. Then several of these spiral rods are again rolled Into one rectangular. The last rod made is wound In a spiral around a mandril, and its edges welded together o that it forms a tube with a bore of the size of the mandril. The mandril la then driven out, the tube bored out and turned down and straightened. It Is then ready to be fitted to another, and the breech mechanism attached so as to make a complete set Of gun barrels. Another method li to cast the barrels of steel under immense pressure. A cheaper twist grain barrel is made of iron only. The old-fashioned etubb and twist En glish barrel was made of old horseshoe nails. A still cheaper twist barrel is made by inserting one end of a square rod of steel in an immovable block and the other end in the end of a shaft, which, when turned by steam power, will twist the square rod Into a spiral one. This ts then bored out. Each of these processes, except the ne producing the plain barrel with a longitudinal fiber and the last one men - tioned. require a deal of hand labor. The last-mentioned process makes a poor fiber. But the new process not only makes a good fiber, but it makes one much uperior to the fiber found even in the welded barrels, while the work is all done by machine. Three rolls of a canoldal shape are o placed that a rod or ingot may be fed lengthwise between them. One end of each roll being larger than the other, it follows that the surface of the big end of a roll travels faster than the surface at the small end. When, there fore, a bar of steel in a plastio state ts fed in at the smaller ends of the rolls, it is not only whirled around, but the forward end la whirled with increasing speed. The forward end is drawn with increasing speed as well as twisted around. The surfaces of the canoidal rolls being parallel with each other, there is no decrease in the circumfer ence of the bar, and so it happens that the metal needed for the increasing length of bar is drawn from the axis. It is as if a bar of plastic metal were whirled on its axis until the centrifugal force caused it to expand into a larger bar with hole for an axis. In active practice a mandril Is driven Into the opening tube as the bar is whirled into tho shape of a tube. The mandril is used not to mak the hole, but to perfect it. The tube thus formed is not only the best, but it is just about as cheap as any for gun barrels. moral iirr- sr.,n umfl. mil iron mMira of experience doubted Its practical de velopment, so that it was not adopted in practice by any one until within a few months. The result of the new process is sure to be the lowering of the cost, and " probably tha- price, of first-class guns, as well as those of -. other grades. -V. T. Sun. When t Find Alligators. The best place to find alligators la in brackish water, half fresh and half salt. They seem to thrive in such ele ment better than in either purely fresh or purely salt water and are unusually prolific there. Men who hunt them take a small boat on a dark night and move quietly along their haunts. With a lantern they "shine their eyes" as a hunter does a wild animal, and when within a few feet of them fire a ball in to the eye, and then with a sharp hook fastened to a long pole catch him. If only partially killed the fun then be gins. The water is lashed into a foam and the boat dragged along sometimes a mile. Often a second shot is neces sary to dispatch a big one. Leopld, King of the Belgians, has never signed a death warrant, and. al though the statute has never been re pealed, capital punishment is practi cally aboliA&sd in Belgium. ; -Guide boards have been growing numerous la 4i eaantry towns of New Fnifiw is a to years past. In some asettosis st Massachusetts at every cor ser are sat solid granite posts ten feet sigh, to which are bolted iron sign boards wit's, raised letters. . A German pastor, desirous of trav eling from Constantinople to Bonlin through Russia, was not permitted to io bo. A recent decree of Emperor Alexander IIL forbids the journeying through Russia of any ecclesiastie sther than of the Russo-Greek Church. Prince Bismarck recently gave a fete to bis servants and tenants at Friederichsrube to oelebraJ.9 the dis patch to Berly of 5,000 telegraph poles eut in his forests.' Bismarck, has sup plied Germany with 100,000 telegraph poles during the last ten ye".s. It is alleged that recently in Nag pore, India, a boy of sixteen waa of fered a sacrifice to the gods, in accord ance with a superstition that human H,i,.if,.i arvej? Ailliuntth tilsil to t Ft.ri.ltil 1'uplla, 1 hv Art Aslisuxol at Vhnin. All of us have our experience of tie Invincible contempt In which wa are held by our stolid mentor, who accept our present with tho air of a ckiiif levying tribute from his retainers. Amusing ludood are the ways in which tha frowsy old pedagogues betray their feelings, and childishly Ingenious the devices to which they have recourse in order to preserve their assumption of their superiority before their country men while disguising it before tha for eigner. Chinese etiquette helps thorn, for they can put it on and off at pleasure, and trust to tho foreigner not hnlng cute enough to follow Its ramifications. But sometimes even the ceremonial farms are a snare to them. One who was In the habit of being reverentially bowed out of the house after each day'a lesson, and stopped at the threshold to return the obeisance of his pupil, found on one occasion a sudden necessity for adjusting his dress, and in doing so omitted the customary formality. Struck by the singularity of the proceeding, the foreigner had the curiosity to follow the teacher Into tho street, and there saw passing a Chinese Ttng'-ch'ai, ia whose presence the old teacher would not demean himself by doing reverence to the foreigner. Another kindly disposed scholar in duced his teacher to dine and accom pany him to a theater. Unpleasant as It U to sit Bear to a well-nourished Obinese during the time while his thor aoto air passages are charged with ex plosiveness, it must be allowed that the courtesy of the Western papll was commendable. But the guest felt fidg ety, notwithstanding the sedative effect of pork and beans, and soon found an xouse for leaving his foreign friend, lie could not, in fact, endure being publicly seen in the company of a foreigner. Needless to aay that in the street your well-bred Chinese walk, like the Levlte, on the other aide when they see their foreign ac quaintances approaching. t'Amfew rwt. SENSE OF HUMOR. tl ts WU UaTeloM Among tha Native of Vrkahlrw Dr. Hook possessed a gift without which he oould never have got on in Yorkshire, and that was a sense oi humor. Sydney Smith said that it ceded a surgical operation to get a joke into a Scotchman head an opinion In which no one who has read Dean Ramsay "Reminiscence of Scot tish Life and Character" can possibly agree, and there Is something akin in the grim Caledonian and est Riding humor. I was preaching one of course of sermons In the open air in a n-hureh-going partof atown parish. when I was pleasantly struck by the polite attention of tho landlord of a small public house close by. who had placed a chair and table at my disposal for a temporary pulpit. So I remarked on It to one ol my nearer. "w ny, you sec," said he, "he reckons on some of 'era dropping in for a glass when you ve done. A curate was trying to make a religious census of his lock, and asked a working man what religion ho was. "Why, you may put me down as the religion of a wheel barrow; I go whichever way they above me," . ., whichever way suited his interest. Another man, with a grin on his face, boasted of his regular attendance at church; his comrades burst out laughing the fellow had just left prison, where attendance at public worship was, of course, compulsory. But Yorkshiremen men are civil after a fashion. One day I paid a visit to a hand-loom weaver bvisy throwing his shuttle, while his loom creaked and groaned so that I could not get a word in. So I asked htm if he earned penny in five minutes. "No;" he said, "how should I?" So I laid down a penny. "Now." I said, "let us talk for five minutes." The man stopped. looked at tho clock "Five minutes is up," he said at the end of the time, "but take back your penny; your talk has been worth more than the 'brass' (money.) You may look in again il you've amlnd." Temple Bar. m m .GRAFTS ON WOUNDS. Aa Operation Frequently Performed by Skillful Surgeons. Dr. Redard has communicated to the Academic de Medicine of 1 arts some observations regarding animal grafts on wounds In human beings. In case of severe burn of the seal;., of eight months standing. In a child of two years of age, he obtained a rapid cicatrization by means of grafts from a fowl. He first tried grafts of frogs' skin, but as these proved to be repul sive to patients, and did not give very good results, he substituted others from the fowl; and the wound, which measured three Inches by two and a half, had completely healed in two months. He had been equally success ful in other and subsequent cases. He takes the skin from beneath the wing of a chicken, carefully securing the adjacent cellular tissue, but avoiding adipose tissue. The transplanted pieces varied from a sixth to a third ot an inch in size, and they were main tained in position by means of a little cotton-wool and iodoform gauze. The skin of birds and fowls has the advan tage of being supple, delicate, and vascular; it adapts itself readily to the surface of the wound, and adheres without undergoing absorption. Medi cal Record. 9 j A Washington Territory young man applied for the teachership of the Port Blakeley school. He sent his application and a supposed letter of recommendation in the same envelope By mistake, however, he inclosed a letter from a young lady, containing charges and threats very damaging to the would-be pedagogue's reputation. The schoc'v trustees wrote and told him that bis recommendation was not of the right kind. An Alabama lawyer vlosod an argument the other day ihr "If your Honor please, and get. Hainan of the jury, I do not desh-e to militate against the majesty of the law, nor to contravene the avoinkipola of the evi dence. If you strip this thing of its multitudinous wrappings, break the cement and let the cohesion take place, you will find out there is nothing in this case but an inroad by way of an invasion into Dr. Watson's apothecary shop." The woody, melon-sha?& Jrui. of the sand-box tree ef the Wert Indies Is made into a neat box by sawing off the top and scooping out tie seed, and is used in Barbadoes for holding and. When, however, the fruit is al lowed to ripen on the tree, H bursts explosively, scattering the seeds over the ground. Aa experimenting natur alist recently sought to preserv a specimen of he fruit by drying-care- LONC1 WALKING! TRIP. An RiiuUnli Kamllr with Sit rJl" Walk lira lluiiitivit Mllra, Mrs. Adam Acton, an English lady who hat one rosldenco In ht. John's Wood, London, and another in Orml durlo, Arrnn, 1 Uso heroine of the latent romarkiibk podostrhm d at -a walk of live hundred mllot lu England and Scotland, beginning in London and ending in Glasgow, and performed, not atono, but in tho company of her whole fdinllyof six children, tho eldt of whom Is twelve years and the young t'st twelve months. Tha latter it nood hardly he said, did not walk the whole distance, being w hooted, in fuct, to gether with his fortding bottl and appurtenances thereto belonging, In a baby carriage. Alt, Acton, in tho course of conversation with a Scotch reporter on tin fx,riono of lu-r trip, remarked: "You must boar la mind that we had no itleti when we started of doing any thing wonderful in walking. We come up froiSf London every yoar from our house herein rrnn; and ss we went down by ruii no loss than nln times last year, we thought we would walk this year and see the coun try, for, of course, you never boo any thing of it from tho window of a rail- ay oar, "Our party consisted of six children. tho youngest in our famous baby ooaeh. which has been, oh, thousands of miles on the Continent and in England and Scotland, and my husband and myself and two maids ten in all. When we started from St, John's Wood wo each took a small black bag in our hands; but we noon hod to give those up. Afterward we had absolutely nothing but a ulht-gown and a mackintosh each. There was one brush, and one ootnb for myself and all the children. e really couldu t carry more than ttie least, possible quantity of luggago. you know. lea my huaoanu is so fond of a cup of tea so we carried our tea all tho way trom London: and wo had a kettle, too; one of thoso flat ones to boll over a spirit lrmp, and tho solr'.t lamp itself. And, of course tho baby, being a young baby and fod on tho iMittle. obliged us to carry a tin can of milk. e had very light faro, As soon aa we got into the North of England we always had porridge for breakfast. We never had much meat; on the only two occasions when we had really a good dinner, wo found that wo could not walk afterward. e had eggs and milk, and bread and butter to any amount. The meat we had was almost entirely tinned meat, Thloh we bought with bread in the town or vll- lngo in the morning, and carried with us till wo came to a suitable plaso for dlnucr. We had dinner in the open alrutways. Then for tea we had just to call and get a kettle of water and the ue of ta thing, which they were j always glad to supply us for a shilling! (twenty-five cents.) Of course tho trouble was boot," Mrs. Acton continued. "We were recommended all sorts of hygienic solos, and every thing, and we tried every thing, and we had to give them all up. We gave up boots altogotherand took to 'sand shoes canvas shoes with India rublMr soles. Those allow the feet to go any how they like; there Is no pressure and wo found them admirable. We never got blisters or sore feot or any thing. We used to soap our toes and heels and tho inside of our stock ing before we started; that is a very good thing. Then as to washing, w could not possibly stop to have every thing washed at the inns and places, so tho way we managed our washing was to have ono thing washed every night. We found wo could always get ono thing washvl and quickly got up, and so we had clean things without the trouble of carrying any with us. We carried no umbrellas. But though the weather was very bad in England wo did very well without. In the first part of the time we walked in our mackintoshes and hate that the rain would not hurt. Of course it was very muddy, and, what with the mud and the rain and the sun, our dress got Into such a state we were quite ashamed of ourselves. And on Saturday nights wo had to stop somewhere and buy flowers or some little frilling or something to brighten up our hats to go to church on tho next morning. But we never had colds. In spite of having no um brellas, and, though we had a great deal of gray, cold weather that people com plained of, we found it spleudid weather for walking." Co Philadel phia Prtti. George Was Not Afraid. Young lady (badly frightened) O, George, hero comes pa. George (ditto) WhereP Where? Young lady Hear him stepping along the hall in his stocking feet? George (greatly relieved) Be calm. darling, be calm. George is not afraid of stocking foet. Washington Critic A fight between a rattlesnake and a coach-whip, near Motiltrlo, Fla.. is thus described: The rattlesnake watched his antagonist, but could not obtain an opportunity to strike. Thinking that the coach-whip did not mean business, the rattler then leisurely uncoiled himself and started to go, when, quick as lightning, the whip started for him, Boizing him back of the neck, and wrapped himself tightly around his body. In ten minutes the coach-whip leisurely uncoiled himself and glided away into the underbrush, leaving the latter a mass of jelly. quite dead. The rattlesnake had sev eral rattles, and was a dangerous- looking monster. -u love you lor yeurseil alone," as the blackbird said when he swallowed the gooseberry. This is the common' place expression of false friends, who. while they make the utmost use ol us even to abuse, profess the most un bounded admiration of, and regard for us. Quiver. True economy consists In a proper adjustment of ; time, strength and money. It does not consist solely in saving money; it may consist in spend ing it. It does not always consist ir saving bread crumbs for bread pud dings which frequently prove to be nothing more than flavored and sweet ened poultices. Sometimes it is a positive injury to another to respect his prejudices. But, if you must cross them, do so as gently as possible. He who has learned how to combine gentleness and firm ness has mastered one of the greatest lessons of life. He has learned how to govern and to read. Morning Star. The greatest efforts of a commu nity should be directed, not to relieve indigence, but to dry up its sources, to supply moral wants, to spread purer nrincioles and habits, to remove the temptations to intemperance and sloth to snatch the chlldi from moral perdi- - a- make't.he ma-eaual t pr rconoY. i v Mt'MM Ml ltl)"Nl "1 ;!'.!. TliiS J ';.!rii-.! iwe j'lv -ii si ntly i io iiohiU.'hI, whethor ll Tv In liniltlii'r tho number of want. In prcvomih wmto, or In U'lju )tl,"r f r .i ii im li a manrinr as to uri'i a lii!i represent a groat deal. Th'i uni versal dint consist of rice, lurn, rrt' let, garden vegetable and fish, h a littla iiv'tit on hljjh ftlval Whola out food In abundant nitty be sop piled at lent than s omniy a day for ench alult, an ! eVea in famine tlrnoj thousand of persons tiavo boon kept alive (or uiontlit on about a halfpenny a day oiih. This liuplioi tho exIstiMioo of a high d.;r.rt of culinary skill In tho Chinese.' Tiiolr modes of preparing food are thorough and various. There is no wn..t; every thing U made to do us much duty at possible. What li loft is the vorkut irllle! The physical con dition of the Chinese dog or cat, who ha to live on tho leavings of the family, shows this; they are cluarly kept on starvation allowance. I iio Chinese aro not extromoty fastidious in regard to f.wl; all 1 lUh that comes to thoir net, and luoit thing como there -sooner or later. In the north tho horsa, the nulo, tho donkey aro In universal u and In hoiuo districts tho camel also docs duty. It must bo understood that tho practice Is to cat all of these animals a- soon a they expire, whether the cause of death be accident, old a-o, or dlsoitso. This Is done as a matter of coiirso, and the f:tct that the animal has dlod of an epidemic malady doo4 not alter it ultimate destination. Cer tain disturbances of the hunia l org:ui catlon, duo to eating diseased moat, are well recognized among tho people; but it I considered hotter to cat the meat, tho cheapness of which is cer tain, and rim tho risk of tho conse quences, which are not quite certain. than to buy dear moat even with the assurance of no ovll results. Indeed the itwmt of animals which hnvo died of ordinary ailment is rather d-nrer than that of thorn which havo died in an epidemic such ns plouro-pneumonia. Another example of careful, calcula ting economy is tho construction of the cooking pots and boilers, the bottoms of which are a thlit a xsibte t.at the content may boll ail tho sootier. for fuel li scarce and doir, and consists generally of nothing b;it tho Mocks and root of the crop, which make a rapid blao and disappear. Tho busi ness of gathering fuel is committed to children, for one who can do nothing elo can at hviit p'.ck op straws and leaves and wool. In autumn and winter a vast army or luol gatherer spread over tho land. It ys nd tree and beat them with clubs to shako of! the leaves; the v ry straws get no timi to show which war the wind blows b -fore they are annexed by so mo enterprising collector. Simi larly professional manure collector swarm overall the roads of the country. Chinese women carry this minute ccon omy lute their drc.s; nothing comes amis to them; If it l not uel lu one placo it Is in another where It apxar thing of beauty, foreign resident ho give their cast-ofr clothe away to hlnco may be assured that thu ran! of usefulness of theso garment i at last about to commsnce. Chincs j wheel burrows s pica' for tbo want of a lew drops of oil; but to people who havo no nerves tho squeak is cheaper than the oil. Similarly, dirt is cheaper than hot water, ami so, as a rule, the people dc not wash; tho motto "Cheaper than dirt, which the soap-dealer put in his window, could not bo made intel ligible to the Chineao. To them the average foreigners are mer- soap-wasters. Scarcely any tool can bo got realy niaJ?; it is so much cheaper to buy the part aud put them together for yourself, aud as almost every body takes this view ready-made tools are not t-j b j got. T. wo room arc dimly lighted with a single lamp deftly placed in a hole in the dividing wall. Chineso. in fact, soom to be capable of doing almost any thing by moans of almost nothing. I hey will give you an iron foundry en a minute scale of completcnjss in a back yard and will make in an hour a cooking rane. of strong and perfect draft, out of a pile of mud bricks, lasting indefin itely, operating perfectly, and costing nothing, lho old woman who In her last moments hobbled as near a pos sible to the family graveyard in ordor to die so as to avoid tho ixcnse of coffin be;trcrs for so long a distance. was a characteristic Chiuoso. Sorlh Cliina IkrahL The Pool of Bethesda. The pool of Ifethesda has been satis factorily identified at Jerusalem, ac cording to the chairman of the Pales tine exploration fund. All early au thoritics agree in representing this pool" as being roar the Church of St. Anne, but nothing was known of the pool in later years till some Algerian monks recently unearthed a large tank in the rock under the church, reached by a flight of twenty-four steps. How ever, tha pool being invariably de scribed as having five parches, thi tank did not fc site correspond to thf Bethesda ;ool until now, when He? Conrad Schick has found a twin poo! side by side with the first discovery. These sister pools, therefore, could easily have had a porch on each of th four sides, with a fifth on the wall separating the tanks, and this link h- considered to complete the identifica tion! Among other traditions, the old writers describe this Piscina Probaticii as tho birthplace of the Virgin Mary. Boston Home Journal. - Cremation is illegal in France. . d bodies have to be taken to taly to be burned. M. .Morin, dy ng recently in Paris, left insiruc- ions that his body should be sent to -lilan to be burned. This was done. nd the cost of the incineration vasbut fteen sbillings. The Italian Custom louse, however, levied seventy dol ars import duty on the body when it ame into the country, and tha same -mount export duty when ' tho ashes vere taken back to Franco. --ine oiner aay a uot.ton man n- ceived a letter, on the envelope cf vhich were the vords," "Blood Blood! Blood!" in big rod letters Thinking that it c;iitained a threat to "till him. he gave t unopened to the po- ace. VY hen they t pened It, they found it was a harmless appeal from a Salva tion Armv orftnlr- r A Sylvanla (Ga.) boy dug up some v, i.uunco iu , tuau among mem was a oooter or? wfapin ez'tr. which he lropped ' irine aloig with the ? irucnoges. 'ook out a hp me on the - afterward he .of roots a 4 d dropped - It broke' , CM' i i i t ; I .irteilinm. I ii O ! I I jer nro nwj. jtre bloHlirj uout Ju v e do, unit '! I c Vl i.i )t 1 1 - -f iH"i-s S. y l'ir" t!. iy a F-'A l In a sl-lj'o we, il Hi- , t.'.l! I. hero JJ'1 the t m. W circulation of t. ' (i) v which wo carried about S 1" .; tl 1 (111 H pit;-,, liiu of in oi-r own pocket, and liio other went ns a dead head to tho postmaster. We now work U8 copies which aro paid for in nil -vaoco. This Is an loci ease of Hi per cent, in snvoil months, and we've got a dollar which says no othr newspaper lu the world can O'pial it. W don't claim IbaA tho Klrk r makes Kings and Emperors tremble on their thrones, or ttiut It 1ms bet tered tho moral st and ing of tho American masse a thousand per cent, but wo do know that we have made life worth the living for a good many people out this way who were ready to hang themselves when our first number wo issued, aud that every now subscriber who conies has faith that we will make a better man of him. Or it Excise. We have been severe ly criticised because wo refused to at tend tho funeral of old IV to Shinty, who died on ttio struct of too ranch whisky ono night last week. It Is liuimed that Old I'ete wa our crodltoi In tho sum of twelve dollars, and that It was shabby In us not t seo him planted. In tho first place Old Tote owed us two dollar borrowed money. Instead of our owing htm. In the next our Sunday pantaloons needed a patch H'xmt four feet square at tho end opp- site tho bow, and we did not euro to subject ourselves to rldicute for ill' sake of showing oil. Wo can keep onr back behind u In our own of!lee until better times arrive, and that's what we aro trying to do. We have sent to San tranclsco for a paten the color of our pantaloons, and when it arrive and 1 welded on to the spot, Richard will I himself again, and reai'v to rustle at funerals or address a public meeting ou tho topics of tho day. Mi st Tare Tiimk Cha-ccf.. Thr times doi-iugtho past month we havt' surprised ourself and tho public by mopping tho floor with assailants. whiloon two occasions wo havo igno niitiioosiy took to lllclit. Wo state it a a physiological fact that there nrc times when we had Ii lief fl'ht a do.eli men, and other lime wh.-n we l run from a go;Mi-sid boy. Parties plan ning to lick u must Vie prepared to take their chances. Wo may light like a lion or run like a jack-rabbit. Thk Coioxki. II Goxr.Tony so ciety pretended to be all upset Inst wifk Ix-eaus'i Colonel iM'laire was arrested for it horse thief nod taken to Nebraska 1 stand trial. It wn oniy a pretense. Wo havo known for months past that tbo Colonel was a boat and an Impostor, and many others have known it. Ho sent us an order for a new hat as soon n he arrived here, and thus put us under obligations not to give him sway. Tho hat grew o'd nnd ruty lifter a time, and a the Colonel didn t como in with a cash subscription we felt that we had given htm rope enough. We just dropped a hint to tho sheriff of Henry County. nnd a week later tho Colonel had the irons on. Wo aro a'ono every evening after six. We can't be bribe 1, but there aro parties in this town who had best como in and uocrite lor copies to send to friends. jOur term aro 2 per year strictly in advance. "Not ox Him There aro no flics on J. M. P. Brayton, Esq., who owns ttiBt beautiful ranch commonly known a Jackass Doll. Ho entered our office the othor day nnd left a peek of pota toes of his own raising. His wife h ono of tho. handsomest women in the West, hi daughter tho finest singer anil musician, and tho gentlemen him If ought to bo President of the United States. It is to such go-nherid, enter prising men as Mr. Brayton that Ari- xona is innooteu lor ner prosperity. We call attention to the two-column ad. which we have inserted fre, of the fact that Jackas 1V;11 I for salo nl $10 an ncre. It's worth five times that. It is not for us to suggest that othoi farmers bring us In potatoes, butter. carrots or apples. Such as do will find us ready and willing to give them from one-half a column to three columns ol notice lu ret urn, and In our most cheer ful vein." De troit Free le. He Had Had Experience. Applicant Twenty-five dollars a week seems a small salary for the hard work of a reporter, sir. Editor Perhaps it does, but the field is overcrowded. Wo refuse applica tions almost every day. I think you said you had had experience as a news paper man? Applicant (with dignity) I was principal of a school of journalism for a year. Editor (coldly) Yes, sir. We pay 15 a week to beginners. Chicago Tribune. Cultured Damo "Just like a man! You grab a paper us soon as it arrives, keep it all to yourself, and then blame me for not being informed on matters of public interest." ..Husband "Well. my dear, I'll read tho paper aloud if you w'wh. Let me seo 'Another Ocean Horror.' " "O, don't read that. " 'The Progress of tho Campaign.' "I don't care for politics." 'Issues of tho Hour.'" "Never mind that. " -Science Solves a Problem.' " "1 hate science." "'Mrs. Tiptap's Party Description of the Dresaoa.' " "O, read that. " l'h iladctph ia Ilcco; J. Chestnut gathering is a delightful occupation, and some people obtain so many chestnuts that the matter of their preservation is a serious question. To keep che-tnuts from four to six months, mix each bushel with a pinfcof salt, shake thoroughly and keep in a dry place, where the temperature is from 40 to 50 degrees. Tamarind whey is much relished by chronic invalids who have grown tired of tho stereotyped beverages, Boil a pint of new milk, and, as it boils. stir In two tablespoonfuls of tamarinds; after-it breaks (by that is meant curds and whey sepjtfating), strain and add rock candy enough to sweoten slightly. This is a laxative drink and should be avoided in certain conditions. Buck wheat Short Case. One and a half cups of sweet milk, two teaspoon fuls of baking powder (scant), one tea- spoonful salt, buckwheat flour enough to make a batter, littie thicker than for griddle cakes. Bake the same rs John ny ca'iO, eat with b.ittor offC-' s are d 'licious , ; - s- -.V' .-u&Ma,V " - . .' f.:'. Apaciio Indian , tiary, over the oth - 1 SMp.-emo. They look c- comm md and whatever La say fc the authority or the guards notwith standing. Cant a in Jack reeoirnUes Warden Coffin only, and he Invariably Apeak of htm as the "Big Chief." He has aii!l tho authority over the In dia, by calling himself Indian chief. nnd In talking with him he conveys the Idea that ho and the warden had enter- ; d Into an agreement to this effect. I This is a bit of adroitness on the part " of the cunning reds k la. and he is very clever in the use of this assumed au-' ' thorlty in thwarting the desires of the guard when ho wants to get out of do- j ing any thing. A sign or a word from ' him to ono of the other Indians has more weight than any thing else, and as a result there Is sometime a Con flict of authority. Hot long ago there was a sort of a suppressed retx-llion among the Indians. It will bo remem bered ttiat thy have organized in a class to learn .English. They all did remarkably well, and those who could Roaroely oak a word of English have now a vocabuary of several hundred words. A prisoner named Hyrskl, who is an educated Russian, taught them I--hiiso he had taught in an Indhu school on the frontier. The tsivcot which his pupils have lately Institute against hi in to not only ludicrous hut I also shows that the Indians are like nt ot nor scnooi ooya. tme evomng wj tntn Jack refused to go to scltoot am gave lho following ronton: "Big Chief say to Captain Jack. Indim chief, tlutt Captain Jack work hard work all the time, no school. If Hit Chief say no work, then school all time. Captain Jack doesn't like to work, nm a. they have boon put through prett steady slnow the rush, he and his com panions hnvo discontinued their litei ay pursuit. It was about as near th warpath as they could get In thei prvtent state. 'Mr. Syrskl could fill a good sized vo' umo with their sayings and Incidents -their prison ltf. The following Is t letter which ono of them dlitniMl t him Inst Sunday, ana which was sent t his fisti-r in ArUona: "To Cl Tuit tosch. care of Alsioe?r, U. 8. scout M lo Columbus no killo all time worke gin id, damned hard. Me by and bv pretty quick in ion come back to yoi Mo want another ono paper from At . zona come back. This last meat lint ho want his sister to answer h. totter. Ohio Stale Journal. BIO NATIONAL DEBTS. Itssw I ! the 1.1st and Hungary Ifrlnf I p thm Kar. If a national debt is a national b'ei Ing, Franco Is tho most blessed count t on earth. Tho last computation of tl French debt places it at t3.V02.KoO.no to which must be added t4-t2.0i. life annuities which will expire with tl lives of their owners. The funded del U comK)sed of t2.0rni,OO).0)Q of i petual 3 per cots., tl,S37,S.'tO srpetual 4 1-2 per cents.; and fl'ilT. 9.2 of redeemable bond. The Boat Ing debt is about f -"0O.0O0.000. and tb balance is made up'of annuities to com rnnie and corporations. The annut charge for intercft, annuities nnd sink ing fund is 25,167,0M3. Of the other European nations th debt of Kussia is the greatest, amount ing to tt.O'Wi.oOiXOtlO. But Bussia has . Hpul,ition of 80, t ,000, while Franc has but littla more than SO.tiOCUm Th Kr capita debt of Iltt-wla Is loss th; l-W, while that of France is nearly f?" I ho English delit Is next in gro nmount. being Itf.oiVi.ttlO.OOo. JiI owe f2.226.600.CMI; Austria. ft.o7. CoO. 000; Spain, f 1,208.400.000; Pruss'u .i62, KM mi, and Hungary, f&Vi.tjiio. Omj. None of these countries exwp England and Prussia have a porroaneR revenue sufficiently large to guarante interest and sinking fund charges fror year to year, and the financial policy o euch is made up of make-shift exd; enta that usually fall to prevent th rapid increase of government indebted net. This is especially the case wit- France, the debt of which has increase with marvelous rapidity during the la quarter of a century. PhiUuhlphi- 7me: A Lover's Desperate Act. "Is there no hope? he exclaimed passionately. "Think a moment, m, darling, ere you doom ma to evcrlast ing despair. "I can not be your wife, Mr. Brown. she replied, firmly. "Uhen be the consequences upo your false head.; he crtco. "Ah, yo do not know thoeHcct ot your croc words upon a desperate roan. - Once fo all, is your decision irrevocable?" "1 lepeat that 1 can not marry yon Let us end this painful scene, Mr Brown," she replied, turning her pale agonized face full upon him. "May Heaven forgive you. . h moaned, brokenly. "I-iOok upon you victim for the last time. Miss Jones. Seizing his hat, ho rushed out into th cold, cold world, and ten minutes late was playing, pin-pool for the drinks Binffhamlon Republican. Respect, Not Love. Clam Vere do Vere It can ucver os never. Mr. Highflyer I was on the top Bid of that wheat corner. Miss Clara. Loot at this bank account. "1 do not love you, Mr. Highflyer, bu I respect you. Oh, my darling, ho1 deeply i rejqxxH you; 1 am yours.' - t hiUidt.li.hia Btcord. - l he great trouble with man Is not a lack of opportunity, it is the need ol a disposition to Improve the opportu nities he has. The great secret of getting on in the world a secret which few have learned Is to know when to speak and especially when to keep stilL Men suppose that their reason h command over their words; still it hap pens that words in return exercise au thority on reason. Lord Bacon. Don't say that a man is bow-leggod even if he has that eccentricity of gait. Just say that he doesn't obstruct the view of the scenery when he is walk ing. Western Plowman. Unless a man has trained hlmselt for his. chance, the chance will only make hinr rid iculoua. A grea occa sion ia worth- to a man exactly what his antecedents have enabled him to make of it. William Matthew. . Most of the very rioW men of this country wre nca VW&. But unfort unately ta-rfrglasRfe from one condi . ha ben, effected vev ' it lip. "t s. direct lift.. ' : ogy. the wrlt4, ' . of the system of toarria? r-j,"oi- iiedu!" docent among some three hundred and people of tin world, so as to ascertain by means of a method of adhesion" how far each rule co-exists or not with othr rules, and what have been the directions of development from one rule to another! A a first test of tho results to bo obtained by thl tneatis the barbaric custom Is examined which forbids the husband and hi wife's parents (though on a friendly footing) to apeak or look at ono another or mention one anoth'rs names. Borne sevonty peoples prac tice this or the converse custom of tha wife and her husband's relatives b'dng obliged ceremonially to cut one an o,Vr. On classifying tho marriage r , lej of mankind a marked distinction lh found to lie between those jwople who custom Is for tho husband to re side with his wife's family and those where he removes her to hi own home. It appears that the avoidanco ; custom between tho husband and hi wife's family belongs TtreiMHidwantlv (lu fourteen cases, as compared with t,rht oomo.ited as likelv to ham eight computed as likely to napiMsu oj :;ruci.- tc the group of cases where io husband goo to live with the wife's family. This Implies a casual eonnectton between the customs of avoidance and residence, suggest ing as reason that the husband, being an Interloper In the wife's fmily, mustb treated as a stranger; to use an English idiom expressing the situation, he Is not 'recognized.'' Other varieties of th ustomsshow similar preponderant ai- esions. Another custom, here ca'led teknonmy, or naming the parent from the child, prevails among more than thirty people; as an example was men tioned the name of Ra-mary, or father of .Mary, by which Livingstone wa generally known In Africa. This cus tom proves on examination to adhere closely to those of residence and avoid ance, the three occurring together among eleven people that Is, more than six times as often a might bejt pectod to happen by chance concur rence. Their connection finds satis factory explanation in the account given of the C-ree Indians of Canada. where tho husband lives in bis wife's house, but never speik to his parents-in-law till bis first child Is boftr? tW alter ttio w-frTTTW hltuat ion, for though tho fat her is not member of the family bis child is, and so confers on him the status of father of so-and-fo, which becomes his name, the whole being then brought to a logical conclusion by the family ceasing to cut bim. 1'hi etiquette of avoidance furnish an In dication of the direction of change ia social habits among mankind; there are eight people (for Instance, the Zulu) whore residence is in th hus band's family, with the accompanying advoidnne. but at tho same tim tho advoidance Is k?pt up between th"? husband and wife's family, indicating that nt a recent period be may have habitually lived with them London iloot. MOVING FROM MEXICO. rropla of Sonor fal(-rarlnc t Ihv Sou t her I rt of Ariiawt. There ha been for lomo time past remarkable movement of Mexicans out of Sonora into JSouthem Arizona and Xew Mexioo a far Lost as K Paso. They come with their families and household goods, apparently de termined never to go back again. I nore most be some peculiar reason for thia sudden emigration, although when questioned, these refugees speak only in a general -way about increas ing hardship and poverty in their old home, of oppressive. government and of accumulation of wealth in the bands of the fow. They all say that it is petting impossible for poor peopl to make an honest living in Sonora. An impartial Inquiry into the facts of the case shows that Sonora is one oi the States where the authorities have made it their especial business to Invite foreign capital and immigration, and that the lands of tho State havo been given or sold in large bodies to En glish and American companies, min ing syndicates and colonizing corpora tions. At the present moment some extra large concessions are on the point of being given to foreign appli cants. There may be some truth in the complaint that by inviting the en terprising, pushing and well-to-do for elgners the poor, ignorant and shift less native goes to the walL These refugees charge that the bloody and expensive Yaqal war originated simply in a vast scheme of land grab bing. in which some Mexican officials. high in authority, co-operated with for eign capitalists in getting hold of the entire aqui valley aa well as all the land along the Mavo river. Even the wealthy Sonorians of the better clas: are dissatisfied by the course high of ficials are pursuing, and there is strong undercurrent of disconten throughout the State, and in some sec tions only the presence of Federal Mexican troops prevents open out breaks. Troops are stationed at various points ostensibly for the purpot of keeping the Indians In check, but in reality to awe the common people There is at present every appearanet of this immigration contin-xnj in th direction of Southern Arizona. Louis r-JouruaL . .. Fifty jears ago the Unit was the home of aJflTe" number of pe- cunar k nw uniiiijjns.- l mess a Aalional preserve ccnaes, to the rescue very soon, anoth jdr'decnde ill see them nearly all ext jfm t. The grizzles are disappearing Irbm the Rockies. A live buffalo b jiow worth fromtOOOte $l.f tbree years ago cost scarcely that amount, and they are fo? nowhere bpl in a corner of - in the Yellowstone Park. has bn hunted almost a The ta untain sheep, r . beaver, the anttloi ea ing. . -v -, . To free canaries and ... . Insects the following me mended by one who say -, . fully practiced it for yj dusk cover the cage wit, -During the night the ii from the birds on to , they may be scn rt- . , 'eift remove r n ifr, f r . U'Cj I I. If -i'ti I.i t rllll I 5 ! O .' . ' i If I I upon his wor.i nert-r t into the stud? of mn-JU: tho ardor of this oun;f alty. " When a baft bot'iiy and istry-isitas hU favorite p:ir-itt, sooner wera his srhool dar over tl he undertook medkdRO as a study, attending the leetur?, goi through tho hospitals. And Realty pt log tho examinations that iaed i to practice as a doctor. Nor c worit end here. Having cy-. . eye ' as bis specialty, ha some years to a care (til study c,l , various theories concerning the tru munt of the blind. Thl done, traveled through Kuropo, seeking ' advice and help of every oculist special ominence In his profession, t it was only when be had learned fr them ail they could teach biro that returned to his pa!ao at Teern, h ho established himself as a regi. oculist Any ono may consult b his door stands open to all the wo tho only difference between bhjy any other practitioner being rate of charces varies In &y with tho wealth of those aid. If he perform art rich MM. the Primal a that of anr tj skill, iHUbc, ever, the patient Ue means do not allow ing in such ejpetjst. a great doctors, we'C era his charges to wh can afford to pay; while, a poor not merely roeadie' officers with 30 a year, civ5 perchance 40 all such tuf' Karl Theodor act only if fee, bvt while they arf be receives them f and caring for the' kindly thoughtful' an Ideal socU' Princes b;forr but which of honst ry J Theodor eldest r K fif, g slaL The or antiquity, but -t that in George Watla art wa practiced even and good statesman. lav of tho Maryland Journey 1773. Washington inserte ti.sement dated at ths now known to all the , Vernon. This U the "a. Mocxt Verxox. i Vf l i. 1773 The tubscri tained patents for rrr.ir3" Bcres of land on the ( " and G Kanawfca (10.000 of w', i, are sit it on the banks of tl Erst men river, between the isoutls f t Kanawha., and the rrmfcltidef' Great Kanawha or New river-" mouth or near it, up war' continued curvey) propoe? the same into any siz-sd T nmyijjo desired, and. lot moderate terms, al!or number of years rent within the space of th next October, thr..rieV contained in eacfe lot. tstely for a lesser qua clenrcd. fenced and title and before the time lib commencement f the fir. aero of every bundrc, -.ately, as ab- meaoow- fifty frui of land h. ises. Aoy on the land.- formed of thc-sr the subscriber, na. his alienee to Mr.' vuld do well Lj their intentions bef- tober ner -j ritrmli' swer tt Those' gin by puJ hind then, the causes",, successful mea find that in o ly rose b- -and thrift, quire into cessful m monly cab oessful.the it to be s or bt to dip has j nG d. but r chr-" t a. ica r r f t r r . ' . 'L " " -