, .5.s,fca ot making steel tubo i
ens to revolutionise the manufacture
of gun burrois. at least from the small
e,t rlftos to the rapid-firing cannon of
two op three Inches bore used on war
hips. By this process ft aolld bar, or
ingot of steel, la passed through a set
t rolls, aud coraos out a tuba with a
twist fiber.
To fully understand the bearing of
this new process it Is necessary to know
how gun barrels am ordinarily made.
The rifle barrel la simply & bar ol steel
rolled out to the right alae by passing
It through, grooved rolls. The bar is
forced into the groove and compressed
und drawn out, the grooves being of
less diameter than the ingot that is
fed in. This process makes a fiber,
but the fiber runs lengthwise of the bar,
and Is, therefore, less able to resist a
. i ! I .ttUI it 1 1. A
fiber ran around the barrel. But the
strength of the steel bar Is great
enough to resist the strain of a rifle
cartridge, and most rifle barrels are
made by this process.
In shotguns heavier charges of
powder are used, and on account of
the slate of the bore and the limit that
must be put on the weight of the two
barrels of which shot-guns arc made.
thinner metal is required in the bar
rels, and therefore a tougher metal
should be used. A good many shot
pun barrels are made of plain rolled
steel, but they are not trustworthy.
To make a stronger barrel, the gun-
maker piles up two Ingots of the best
puddled iron and two t the Wt steel,
alternating the Iron and the steeL
Ihese he rolls out into rods or a rec
tangular section of perhaps three'
eUrhths of an inch, and then twist
them Into a spiral rod. Then several
of these spiral rods are again rolled
Into one rectangular. The last rod
made is wound In a spiral around a
mandril, and its edges welded together
o that it forms a tube with a bore of
the size of the mandril. The mandril
la then driven out, the tube bored out
and turned down and straightened. It
Is then ready to be fitted to another,
and the breech mechanism attached
so as to make a complete set
Of gun barrels. Another method
li to cast the barrels of steel
under immense pressure. A cheaper
twist grain barrel is made of iron only.
The old-fashioned etubb and twist En
glish barrel was made of old horseshoe
nails. A still cheaper twist barrel is
made by inserting one end of a square
rod of steel in an immovable block and
the other end in the end of a shaft,
which, when turned by steam power,
will twist the square rod Into a spiral
one. This ts then bored out.
Each of these processes, except the
ne producing the plain barrel with a
longitudinal fiber and the last one men
- tioned. require a deal of hand labor.
The last-mentioned process makes a
poor fiber.
But the new process not only makes
a good fiber, but it makes one much
uperior to the fiber found even in the
welded barrels, while the work is all
done by machine.
Three rolls of a canoldal shape are
o placed that a rod or ingot may be
fed lengthwise between them. One
end of each roll being larger than the
other, it follows that the surface of the
big end of a roll travels faster than the
surface at the small end. When, there
fore, a bar of steel in a plastio state
ts fed in at the smaller ends of the
rolls, it is not only whirled
around, but the forward end
la whirled with increasing speed.
The forward end is drawn with
increasing speed as well as twisted
around. The surfaces of the canoidal
rolls being parallel with each other,
there is no decrease in the circumfer
ence of the bar, and so it happens that
the metal needed for the increasing
length of bar is drawn from the axis.
It is as if a bar of plastic metal were
whirled on its axis until the centrifugal
force caused it to expand into a larger
bar with hole for an axis.
In active practice a mandril Is driven
Into the opening tube as the bar is
whirled into tho shape of a tube. The
mandril is used not to mak the hole,
but to perfect it. The tube thus formed
is not only the best, but it is just about
as cheap as any for gun barrels.
moral iirr- sr.,n umfl. mil iron mMira
of experience doubted Its practical de
velopment, so that it was not adopted
in practice by any one until within a
few months. The result of the new
process is sure to be the lowering of
the cost, and " probably tha- price, of
first-class guns, as well as those of
-. other grades. -V. T. Sun.
When t Find Alligators.
The best place to find alligators la
in brackish water, half fresh and half
salt. They seem to thrive in such ele
ment better than in either purely fresh
or purely salt water and are unusually
prolific there. Men who hunt them
take a small boat on a dark night and
move quietly along their haunts. With
a lantern they "shine their eyes" as a
hunter does a wild animal, and when
within a few feet of them fire a ball in
to the eye, and then with a sharp hook
fastened to a long pole catch him. If
only partially killed the fun then be
gins. The water is lashed into a foam
and the boat dragged along sometimes
a mile. Often a second shot is neces
sary to dispatch a big one.
Leopld, King of the Belgians, has
never signed a death warrant, and. al
though the statute has never been re
pealed, capital punishment is practi
cally aboliA&sd in Belgium.
; -Guide boards have been growing
numerous la 4i eaantry towns of New
Fnifiw is a to years past. In some
asettosis st Massachusetts at every cor
ser are sat solid granite posts ten feet
sigh, to which are bolted iron sign
boards wit's, raised letters.
. A German pastor, desirous of trav
eling from Constantinople to Bonlin
through Russia, was not permitted to
io bo. A recent decree of Emperor
Alexander IIL forbids the journeying
through Russia of any ecclesiastie
sther than of the Russo-Greek Church.
Prince Bismarck recently gave a
fete to bis servants and tenants at
Friederichsrube to oelebraJ.9 the dis
patch to Berly of 5,000 telegraph poles
eut in his forests.' Bismarck, has sup
plied Germany with 100,000 telegraph
poles during the last ten ye".s.
It is alleged that recently in Nag
pore, India, a boy of sixteen waa of
fered a sacrifice to the gods, in accord
ance with a superstition that human
H,i,.if,.i arvej?
Ailliuntth tilsil to t Ft.ri.ltil 1'uplla,
1 hv Art Aslisuxol at Vhnin.
All of us have our experience of tie
Invincible contempt In which wa are
held by our stolid mentor, who accept
our present with tho air of a ckiiif
levying tribute from his retainers.
Amusing ludood are the ways in which
tha frowsy old pedagogues betray their
feelings, and childishly Ingenious the
devices to which they have recourse in
order to preserve their assumption of
their superiority before their country
men while disguising it before tha for
eigner. Chinese etiquette helps thorn,
for they can put it on and off at pleasure,
and trust to tho foreigner not hnlng
cute enough to follow Its ramifications.
But sometimes even the ceremonial
farms are a snare to them.
One who was In the habit of being
reverentially bowed out of the house
after each day'a lesson, and stopped at
the threshold to return the obeisance
of his pupil, found on one occasion a
sudden necessity for adjusting his dress,
and in doing so omitted the customary
formality. Struck by the singularity of
the proceeding, the foreigner had the
curiosity to follow the teacher Into tho
street, and there saw passing a Chinese
Ttng'-ch'ai, ia whose presence the old
teacher would not demean himself by
doing reverence to the foreigner.
Another kindly disposed scholar in
duced his teacher to dine and accom
pany him to a theater. Unpleasant as
It U to sit Bear to a well-nourished
Obinese during the time while his thor
aoto air passages are charged with ex
plosiveness, it must be allowed that
the courtesy of the Western papll was
commendable. But the guest felt fidg
ety, notwithstanding the sedative effect
of pork and beans, and soon found an
xouse for leaving his foreign friend,
lie could not, in fact, endure being
publicly seen in the company of a
foreigner. Needless to aay that in
the street your well-bred Chinese
walk, like the Levlte, on the other
aide when they see their foreign ac
quaintances approaching. t'Amfew
rwt.
SENSE OF HUMOR.
tl ts WU UaTeloM Among tha Native
of Vrkahlrw
Dr. Hook possessed a gift without
which he oould never have got on in
Yorkshire, and that was a sense oi
humor. Sydney Smith said that it
ceded a surgical operation to get a
joke into a Scotchman head an
opinion In which no one who has read
Dean Ramsay "Reminiscence of Scot
tish Life and Character" can possibly
agree, and there Is something akin in
the grim Caledonian and est Riding
humor. I was preaching one of
course of sermons In the open air in a
n-hureh-going partof atown parish.
when I was pleasantly struck by the
polite attention of tho landlord of a
small public house close by. who had
placed a chair and table at my disposal
for a temporary pulpit. So I remarked
on It to one ol my nearer. "w ny,
you sec," said he, "he reckons on
some of 'era dropping in for a glass
when you ve done. A curate was
trying to make a religious census of his
lock, and asked a working man what
religion ho was. "Why, you may put
me down as the religion of a wheel
barrow; I go whichever way they
above me," . ., whichever way suited
his interest. Another man, with a
grin on his face, boasted of his regular
attendance at church; his comrades
burst out laughing the fellow had just
left prison, where attendance at public
worship was, of course, compulsory.
But Yorkshiremen men are civil after
a fashion. One day I paid a visit to a
hand-loom weaver bvisy throwing his
shuttle, while his loom creaked and
groaned so that I could not get a word
in. So I asked htm if he earned
penny in five minutes. "No;" he said,
"how should I?" So I laid down a
penny. "Now." I said, "let us talk
for five minutes." The man stopped.
looked at tho clock "Five minutes is
up," he said at the end of the time,
"but take back your penny; your talk
has been worth more than the 'brass'
(money.) You may look in again il
you've amlnd." Temple Bar.
m m
.GRAFTS ON WOUNDS.
Aa Operation Frequently Performed by
Skillful Surgeons.
Dr. Redard has communicated to the
Academic de Medicine of 1 arts some
observations regarding animal grafts on
wounds In human beings. In case of
severe burn of the seal;., of eight
months standing. In a child of two
years of age, he obtained a rapid
cicatrization by means of grafts from a
fowl. He first tried grafts of frogs'
skin, but as these proved to be repul
sive to patients, and did not give very
good results, he substituted others
from the fowl; and the wound, which
measured three Inches by two and a
half, had completely healed in two
months. He had been equally success
ful in other and subsequent cases. He
takes the skin from beneath the wing
of a chicken, carefully securing the
adjacent cellular tissue, but avoiding
adipose tissue. The transplanted
pieces varied from a sixth to a third ot
an inch in size, and they were main
tained in position by means of a little
cotton-wool and iodoform gauze. The
skin of birds and fowls has the advan
tage of being supple, delicate, and
vascular; it adapts itself readily to the
surface of the wound, and adheres
without undergoing absorption. Medi
cal Record. 9 j
A Washington Territory young
man applied for the teachership of the
Port Blakeley school. He sent his
application and a supposed letter of
recommendation in the same envelope
By mistake, however, he inclosed a
letter from a young lady, containing
charges and threats very damaging to
the would-be pedagogue's reputation.
The schoc'v trustees wrote and told
him that bis recommendation was not
of the right kind.
An Alabama lawyer vlosod an
argument the other day ihr "If
your Honor please, and get. Hainan of
the jury, I do not desh-e to militate
against the majesty of the law, nor to
contravene the avoinkipola of the evi
dence. If you strip this thing of its
multitudinous wrappings, break the
cement and let the cohesion take place,
you will find out there is nothing in
this case but an inroad by way of an
invasion into Dr. Watson's apothecary
shop."
The woody, melon-sha?& Jrui. of
the sand-box tree ef the Wert Indies
Is made into a neat box by sawing off
the top and scooping out tie seed,
and is used in Barbadoes for holding
and. When, however, the fruit is al
lowed to ripen on the tree, H bursts
explosively, scattering the seeds over
the ground. Aa experimenting natur
alist recently sought to preserv a
specimen of he fruit by drying-care-
LONC1 WALKING! TRIP.
An RiiuUnli Kamllr with Sit rJl"
Walk lira lluiiitivit Mllra,
Mrs. Adam Acton, an English lady
who hat one rosldenco In ht. John's
Wood, London, and another in Orml
durlo, Arrnn, 1 Uso heroine of the latent
romarkiibk podostrhm d at -a walk
of live hundred mllot lu England and
Scotland, beginning in London and
ending in Glasgow, and performed,
not atono, but in tho company of her
whole fdinllyof six children, tho eldt
of whom Is twelve years and the young
t'st twelve months. Tha latter it nood
hardly he said, did not walk the whole
distance, being w hooted, in fuct, to
gether with his fortding bottl and
appurtenances thereto belonging, In a
baby carriage. Alt, Acton, in tho
course of conversation with a Scotch
reporter on tin fx,riono of lu-r trip,
remarked: "You must boar la mind
that we had no itleti when we started of
doing any thing wonderful in walking.
We come up froiSf London every yoar
from our house herein rrnn; and ss
we went down by ruii no loss than
nln times last year, we thought we
would walk this year and see the coun
try, for, of course, you never boo any
thing of it from tho window of a rail-
ay oar,
"Our party consisted of six children.
tho youngest in our famous baby ooaeh.
which has been, oh, thousands of miles
on the Continent and in England and
Scotland, and my husband and myself
and two maids ten in all. When we
started from St, John's Wood wo each
took a small black bag in our hands;
but we noon hod to give those up.
Afterward we had absolutely nothing
but a ulht-gown and a mackintosh
each. There was one brush, and one
ootnb for myself and all the children.
e really couldu t carry more than
ttie least, possible quantity of luggago.
you know. lea my huaoanu is so
fond of a cup of tea so we carried
our tea all tho way trom London: and
wo had a kettle, too; one of thoso flat
ones to boll over a spirit lrmp, and tho
solr'.t lamp itself. And, of course tho
baby, being a young baby and fod on
tho iMittle. obliged us to carry a tin
can of milk. e had very light faro,
As soon aa we got into the North of
England we always had porridge for
breakfast. We never had much meat;
on the only two occasions when we had
really a good dinner, wo found that wo
could not walk afterward. e had
eggs and milk, and bread and butter
to any amount. The meat we had was
almost entirely tinned meat, Thloh we
bought with bread in the town or vll-
lngo in the morning, and carried with
us till wo came to a suitable plaso for
dlnucr. We had dinner in the open
alrutways. Then for tea we had just
to call and get a kettle of water and
the ue of ta thing, which they were j
always glad to supply us for a shilling!
(twenty-five cents.)
Of course tho trouble was boot,"
Mrs. Acton continued. "We were
recommended all sorts of hygienic
solos, and every thing, and we tried
every thing, and we had to give them
all up. We gave up boots altogotherand
took to 'sand shoes canvas shoes with
India rublMr soles. Those allow the feet
to go any how they like; there Is no
pressure and wo found them admirable.
We never got blisters or sore feot or
any thing. We used to soap our toes
and heels and tho inside of our stock
ing before we started; that is a very
good thing. Then as to washing, w
could not possibly stop to have every
thing washed at the inns and places,
so tho way we managed our washing
was to have ono thing washed every
night. We found wo could always get
ono thing washvl and quickly got up,
and so we had clean things without the
trouble of carrying any with us. We
carried no umbrellas. But though the
weather was very bad in England wo
did very well without. In the first
part of the time we walked in our
mackintoshes and hate that the rain
would not hurt. Of course it was very
muddy, and, what with the mud and
the rain and the sun, our dress got Into
such a state we were quite ashamed of
ourselves. And on Saturday nights wo
had to stop somewhere and buy flowers
or some little frilling or something to
brighten up our hats to go to church
on tho next morning. But we never
had colds. In spite of having no um
brellas, and, though we had a great
deal of gray, cold weather that people
com plained of, we found it spleudid
weather for walking." Co Philadel
phia Prtti.
George Was Not Afraid.
Young lady (badly frightened) O,
George, hero comes pa.
George (ditto) WhereP Where?
Young lady Hear him stepping
along the hall in his stocking feet?
George (greatly relieved) Be calm.
darling, be calm. George is not afraid
of stocking foet. Washington Critic
A fight between a rattlesnake and
a coach-whip, near Motiltrlo, Fla.. is
thus described: The rattlesnake
watched his antagonist, but could not
obtain an opportunity to strike.
Thinking that the coach-whip did not
mean business, the rattler then leisurely
uncoiled himself and started to go,
when, quick as lightning, the whip
started for him, Boizing him back of
the neck, and wrapped himself tightly
around his body. In ten minutes the
coach-whip leisurely uncoiled himself
and glided away into the underbrush,
leaving the latter a mass of jelly.
quite dead. The rattlesnake had sev
eral rattles, and was a dangerous-
looking monster.
-u love you lor yeurseil alone," as
the blackbird said when he swallowed
the gooseberry. This is the common'
place expression of false friends, who.
while they make the utmost use ol us
even to abuse, profess the most un
bounded admiration of, and regard for
us. Quiver.
True economy consists In a proper
adjustment of ; time, strength and
money. It does not consist solely in
saving money; it may consist in spend
ing it. It does not always consist ir
saving bread crumbs for bread pud
dings which frequently prove to be
nothing more than flavored and sweet
ened poultices.
Sometimes it is a positive injury
to another to respect his prejudices.
But, if you must cross them, do so as
gently as possible. He who has learned
how to combine gentleness and firm
ness has mastered one of the greatest
lessons of life. He has learned how to
govern and to read. Morning Star.
The greatest efforts of a commu
nity should be directed, not to relieve
indigence, but to dry up its sources, to
supply moral wants, to spread purer
nrincioles and habits, to remove the
temptations to intemperance and sloth
to snatch the chlldi from moral perdi-
- a- make't.he ma-eaual t pr
rconoY.
i v
Mt'MM Ml ltl)"Nl "1 ;!'.!.
TliiS J ';.!rii-.! iwe j'lv -ii si ntly i io
iiohiU.'hI, whethor ll Tv In liniltlii'r tho
number of want. In prcvomih
wmto, or In U'lju )tl,"r f r .i ii
im li a manrinr as to uri'i a lii!i
represent a groat deal. Th'i uni
versal dint consist of rice, lurn, rrt'
let, garden vegetable and fish, h a
littla iiv'tit on hljjh ftlval Whola
out food In abundant nitty be sop
piled at lent than s omniy a day for
ench alult, an ! eVea in famine tlrnoj
thousand of persons tiavo boon kept
alive (or uiontlit on about a halfpenny
a day oiih. This liuplioi tho exIstiMioo
of a high d.;r.rt of culinary skill In tho
Chinese.' Tiiolr modes of preparing food
are thorough and various. There is no
wn..t; every thing U made to do us
much duty at possible. What li loft
is the vorkut irllle! The physical con
dition of the Chinese dog or cat, who
ha to live on tho leavings of the
family, shows this; they are cluarly
kept on starvation allowance. I iio
Chinese aro not extromoty fastidious
in regard to f.wl; all 1 lUh that comes
to thoir net, and luoit thing como
there -sooner or later. In the north
tho horsa, the nulo, tho donkey
aro In universal u and In
hoiuo districts tho camel also docs
duty. It must bo understood that
tho practice Is to cat all of these
animals a- soon a they expire, whether
the cause of death be accident, old a-o,
or dlsoitso. This Is done as a matter
of coiirso, and the f:tct that the animal
has dlod of an epidemic malady doo4
not alter it ultimate destination. Cer
tain disturbances of the hunia l org:ui
catlon, duo to eating diseased moat,
are well recognized among tho people;
but it I considered hotter to cat the
meat, tho cheapness of which is cer
tain, and rim tho risk of tho conse
quences, which are not quite certain.
than to buy dear moat even with the
assurance of no ovll results. Indeed
the itwmt of animals which hnvo died
of ordinary ailment is rather d-nrer
than that of thorn which havo died in
an epidemic such ns plouro-pneumonia.
Another example of careful, calcula
ting economy is tho construction of the
cooking pots and boilers, the bottoms
of which are a thlit a xsibte t.at
the content may boll ail tho sootier.
for fuel li scarce and doir, and consists
generally of nothing b;it tho Mocks
and root of the crop, which make a
rapid blao and disappear. Tho busi
ness of gathering fuel is committed to
children, for one who can do nothing
elo can at hviit p'.ck op straws and
leaves and wool. In autumn and
winter a vast army or luol gatherer
spread over tho land. It ys
nd tree and beat them with
clubs to shako of! the leaves; the v ry
straws get no timi to show which war
the wind blows b -fore they are annexed
by so mo enterprising collector. Simi
larly professional manure collector
swarm overall the roads of the country.
Chinese women carry this minute ccon
omy lute their drc.s; nothing comes
amis to them; If it l not uel lu one
placo it Is in another where It apxar
thing of beauty, foreign resident
ho give their cast-ofr clothe away to
hlnco may be assured that thu ran!
of usefulness of theso garment i at
last about to commsnce. Chincs j wheel
burrows s pica' for tbo want of a lew
drops of oil; but to people who havo no
nerves tho squeak is cheaper than the
oil. Similarly, dirt is cheaper than hot
water, ami so, as a rule, the people dc
not wash; tho motto "Cheaper than
dirt, which the soap-dealer put in
his window, could not bo made intel
ligible to the Chineao. To them
the average foreigners are mer-
soap-wasters. Scarcely any tool can
bo got realy niaJ?; it is so much
cheaper to buy the part aud put them
together for yourself, aud as almost
every body takes this view ready-made
tools are not t-j b j got. T. wo room arc
dimly lighted with a single lamp
deftly placed in a hole in the dividing
wall. Chineso. in fact, soom to be
capable of doing almost any thing by
moans of almost nothing. I hey will
give you an iron foundry en a minute
scale of completcnjss in a back yard
and will make in an hour a cooking
rane. of strong and perfect draft, out
of a pile of mud bricks, lasting indefin
itely, operating perfectly, and costing
nothing, lho old woman who In her
last moments hobbled as near a pos
sible to the family graveyard in ordor
to die so as to avoid tho ixcnse of
coffin be;trcrs for so long a distance.
was a characteristic Chiuoso. Sorlh
Cliina IkrahL
The Pool of Bethesda.
The pool of Ifethesda has been satis
factorily identified at Jerusalem, ac
cording to the chairman of the Pales
tine exploration fund. All early au
thoritics agree in representing this
pool" as being roar the Church of St.
Anne, but nothing was known of the
pool in later years till some Algerian
monks recently unearthed a large tank
in the rock under the church, reached
by a flight of twenty-four steps. How
ever, tha pool being invariably de
scribed as having five parches, thi
tank did not fc site correspond to thf
Bethesda ;ool until now, when He?
Conrad Schick has found a twin poo!
side by side with the first discovery.
These sister pools, therefore, could
easily have had a porch on each of th
four sides, with a fifth on the wall
separating the tanks, and this link h-
considered to complete the identifica
tion! Among other traditions, the old
writers describe this Piscina Probaticii
as tho birthplace of the Virgin Mary.
Boston Home Journal.
- Cremation is illegal in France.
. d bodies have to be taken to
taly to be burned. M. .Morin, dy
ng recently in Paris, left insiruc-
ions that his body should be sent to
-lilan to be burned. This was done.
nd the cost of the incineration vasbut
fteen sbillings. The Italian Custom
louse, however, levied seventy dol
ars import duty on the body when it
ame into the country, and tha same
-mount export duty when ' tho ashes
vere taken back to Franco.
--ine oiner aay a uot.ton man n-
ceived a letter, on the envelope cf
vhich were the vords," "Blood
Blood! Blood!" in big rod letters
Thinking that it c;iitained a threat to
"till him. he gave t unopened to the po-
ace. VY hen they t pened It, they found
it was a harmless appeal from a Salva
tion Armv orftnlr- r
A Sylvanla (Ga.) boy dug up some
v, i.uunco iu , tuau among mem
was a oooter or? wfapin ez'tr. which he
lropped '
irine aloig with the
?
irucnoges.
'ook out a hp
me on the -
afterward he
.of roots a 4 d dropped
- It broke' ,
CM'
i i
i t ;
I
.irteilinm. I
ii O !
I I jer nro nwj.
jtre bloHlirj uout
Ju v e do, unit '! I c
Vl i.i )t 1 1 - -f iH"i-s
S. y l'ir"
t!. iy a F-'A l
In a sl-lj'o we, il
Hi-
, t.'.l!
I. hero JJ'1 the t m. W
circulation of t. ' (i) v
which wo carried about
S 1" .; tl 1 (111 H
pit;-,, liiu of
in oi-r own
pocket, and liio other went ns a dead
head to tho postmaster. We now work
U8 copies which aro paid for in nil -vaoco.
This Is an loci ease of Hi per
cent, in snvoil months, and we've got a
dollar which says no othr newspaper
lu the world can O'pial it. W don't
claim IbaA tho Klrk r makes Kings and
Emperors tremble on their thrones, or
ttiut It 1ms bet tered tho moral st and ing
of tho American masse a thousand
per cent, but wo do know that we have
made life worth the living for a good
many people out this way who were
ready to hang themselves when our
first number wo issued, aud that every
now subscriber who conies has faith
that we will make a better man of him.
Or it Excise. We have been severe
ly criticised because wo refused to at
tend tho funeral of old IV to Shinty,
who died on ttio struct of too ranch
whisky ono night last week. It Is
liuimed that Old I'ete wa our crodltoi
In tho sum of twelve dollars, and that
It was shabby In us not t seo him
planted. In tho first place Old Tote
owed us two dollar borrowed money.
Instead of our owing htm. In the next
our Sunday pantaloons needed a patch
H'xmt four feet square at tho end opp-
site tho bow, and we did not euro to
subject ourselves to rldicute for ill'
sake of showing oil. Wo can keep onr
back behind u In our own of!lee until
better times arrive, and that's what we
aro trying to do. We have sent to San
tranclsco for a paten the color of our
pantaloons, and when it arrive and 1
welded on to the spot, Richard will I
himself again, and reai'v to rustle at
funerals or address a public meeting
ou tho topics of tho day.
Mi st Tare Tiimk Cha-ccf.. Thr
times doi-iugtho past month we havt'
surprised ourself and tho public by
mopping tho floor with assailants.
whiloon two occasions wo havo igno
niitiioosiy took to lllclit. Wo state it
a a physiological fact that there nrc
times when we had Ii lief fl'ht a do.eli
men, and other lime wh.-n we l run
from a go;Mi-sid boy. Parties plan
ning to lick u must Vie prepared to
take their chances. Wo may light like
a lion or run like a jack-rabbit.
Thk Coioxki. II Goxr.Tony so
ciety pretended to be all upset Inst
wifk Ix-eaus'i Colonel iM'laire was
arrested for it horse thief nod taken to
Nebraska 1 stand trial. It wn oniy a
pretense. Wo havo known for months
past that tbo Colonel was a boat and
an Impostor, and many others have
known it. Ho sent us an order for a
new hat as soon n he arrived here,
and thus put us under obligations not
to give him sway. Tho hat grew o'd
nnd ruty lifter a time, and a the
Colonel didn t como in with a cash
subscription we felt that we had given
htm rope enough. We just dropped a
hint to tho sheriff of Henry County.
nnd a week later tho Colonel had the
irons on. Wo aro a'ono every evening
after six. We can't be bribe 1, but there
aro parties in this town who had best
como in and uocrite lor copies to
send to friends. jOur term aro 2 per
year strictly in advance.
"Not ox Him There aro no flics on
J. M. P. Brayton, Esq., who owns ttiBt
beautiful ranch commonly known a
Jackass Doll. Ho entered our office
the othor day nnd left a peek of pota
toes of his own raising. His wife h
ono of tho. handsomest women in the
West, hi daughter tho finest singer
anil musician, and tho gentlemen him
If ought to bo President of the United
States. It is to such go-nherid, enter
prising men as Mr. Brayton that Ari-
xona is innooteu lor ner prosperity.
We call attention to the two-column
ad. which we have inserted fre, of the
fact that Jackas 1V;11 I for salo nl
$10 an ncre. It's worth five times that.
It is not for us to suggest that othoi
farmers bring us In potatoes, butter.
carrots or apples. Such as do will find
us ready and willing to give them from
one-half a column to three columns ol
notice lu ret urn, and In our most cheer
ful vein." De troit Free le.
He Had Had Experience.
Applicant Twenty-five dollars a
week seems a small salary for the hard
work of a reporter, sir.
Editor Perhaps it does, but the field
is overcrowded. Wo refuse applica
tions almost every day. I think you
said you had had experience as a news
paper man?
Applicant (with dignity) I was
principal of a school of journalism for
a year.
Editor (coldly) Yes, sir. We pay
15 a week to beginners. Chicago
Tribune.
Cultured Damo "Just like a man!
You grab a paper us soon as it arrives,
keep it all to yourself, and then blame
me for not being informed on matters
of public interest." ..Husband "Well.
my dear, I'll read tho paper aloud if
you w'wh. Let me seo 'Another Ocean
Horror.' " "O, don't read that.
" 'The Progress of tho Campaign.'
"I don't care for politics." 'Issues
of tho Hour.'" "Never mind that.
" -Science Solves a Problem.' " "1
hate science." "'Mrs. Tiptap's Party
Description of the Dresaoa.' " "O,
read that. " l'h iladctph ia Ilcco; J.
Chestnut gathering is a delightful
occupation, and some people obtain so
many chestnuts that the matter of their
preservation is a serious question. To
keep che-tnuts from four to six
months, mix each bushel with a pinfcof
salt, shake thoroughly and keep in a
dry place, where the temperature is
from 40 to 50 degrees.
Tamarind whey is much relished
by chronic invalids who have grown
tired of tho stereotyped beverages,
Boil a pint of new milk, and, as it boils.
stir In two tablespoonfuls of tamarinds;
after-it breaks (by that is meant curds
and whey sepjtfating), strain and add
rock candy enough to sweoten slightly.
This is a laxative drink and should be
avoided in certain conditions.
Buck wheat Short Case. One and a
half cups of sweet milk, two teaspoon
fuls of baking powder (scant), one tea-
spoonful salt, buckwheat flour enough
to make a batter, littie thicker than for
griddle cakes. Bake the same rs John
ny ca'iO, eat with b.ittor offC-'
s are d 'licious , ; -
s- -.V' .-u&Ma,V " - . .' f.:'.
Apaciio Indian ,
tiary, over the oth -
1 SMp.-emo. They look c-
comm md and whatever La say fc
the authority or the guards notwith
standing. Cant a in Jack reeoirnUes
Warden Coffin only, and he Invariably
Apeak of htm as the "Big Chief." He
has aii!l tho authority over the In
dia, by calling himself Indian chief.
nnd In talking with him he conveys the
Idea that ho and the warden had enter- ;
d Into an agreement to this effect. I
This is a bit of adroitness on the part "
of the cunning reds k la. and he is very
clever in the use of this assumed au-' '
thorlty in thwarting the desires of the
guard when ho wants to get out of do- j
ing any thing. A sign or a word from '
him to ono of the other Indians has
more weight than any thing else, and
as a result there Is sometime a Con
flict of authority. Hot long ago there
was a sort of a suppressed retx-llion
among the Indians. It will bo remem
bered ttiat thy have organized in a
class to learn .English. They all did
remarkably well, and those who could
Roaroely oak a word of English have
now a vocabuary of several hundred
words. A prisoner named Hyrskl, who
is an educated Russian, taught them
I--hiiso he had taught in an Indhu
school on the frontier. The tsivcot
which his pupils have lately Institute
against hi in to not only ludicrous hut I
also shows that the Indians are like nt
ot nor scnooi ooya. tme evomng wj
tntn Jack refused to go to scltoot am
gave lho following ronton:
"Big Chief say to Captain Jack. Indim
chief, tlutt Captain Jack work hard
work all the time, no school. If Hit
Chief say no work, then school all time.
Captain Jack doesn't like to work, nm
a. they have boon put through prett
steady slnow the rush, he and his com
panions hnvo discontinued their litei
ay pursuit. It was about as near th
warpath as they could get In thei
prvtent state.
'Mr. Syrskl could fill a good sized vo'
umo with their sayings and Incidents -their
prison ltf. The following Is t
letter which ono of them dlitniMl t
him Inst Sunday, ana which was sent t
his fisti-r in ArUona: "To Cl Tuit
tosch. care of Alsioe?r, U. 8. scout M
lo Columbus no killo all time worke
gin id, damned hard. Me by and bv
pretty quick in ion come back to yoi
Mo want another ono paper from At .
zona come back. This last meat
lint ho want his sister to answer h.
totter. Ohio Stale Journal.
BIO NATIONAL DEBTS.
Itssw I ! the 1.1st and Hungary Ifrlnf
I p thm Kar.
If a national debt is a national b'ei
Ing, Franco Is tho most blessed count t
on earth. Tho last computation of tl
French debt places it at t3.V02.KoO.no
to which must be added t4-t2.0i.
life annuities which will expire with tl
lives of their owners. The funded del
U comK)sed of t2.0rni,OO).0)Q of i
petual 3 per cots., tl,S37,S.'tO
srpetual 4 1-2 per cents.; and fl'ilT.
9.2 of redeemable bond. The Boat
Ing debt is about f -"0O.0O0.000. and tb
balance is made up'of annuities to com
rnnie and corporations. The annut
charge for intercft, annuities nnd sink
ing fund is 25,167,0M3.
Of the other European nations th
debt of Kussia is the greatest, amount
ing to tt.O'Wi.oOiXOtlO. But Bussia has .
Hpul,ition of 80, t ,000, while Franc
has but littla more than SO.tiOCUm Th
Kr capita debt of Iltt-wla Is loss th;
l-W, while that of France is nearly f?"
I ho English delit Is next in gro
nmount. being Itf.oiVi.ttlO.OOo. JiI
owe f2.226.600.CMI; Austria. ft.o7.
CoO. 000; Spain, f 1,208.400.000; Pruss'u
.i62, KM mi, and Hungary, f&Vi.tjiio.
Omj. None of these countries exwp
England and Prussia have a porroaneR
revenue sufficiently large to guarante
interest and sinking fund charges fror
year to year, and the financial policy o
euch is made up of make-shift exd;
enta that usually fall to prevent th
rapid increase of government indebted
net. This is especially the case wit-
France, the debt of which has increase
with marvelous rapidity during the la
quarter of a century. PhiUuhlphi-
7me:
A Lover's Desperate Act.
"Is there no hope? he exclaimed
passionately. "Think a moment, m,
darling, ere you doom ma to evcrlast
ing despair.
"I can not be your wife, Mr. Brown.
she replied, firmly.
"Uhen be the consequences upo
your false head.; he crtco. "Ah, yo
do not know thoeHcct ot your croc
words upon a desperate roan. - Once fo
all, is your decision irrevocable?"
"1 lepeat that 1 can not marry yon
Let us end this painful scene, Mr
Brown," she replied, turning her pale
agonized face full upon him.
"May Heaven forgive you. . h
moaned, brokenly. "I-iOok upon you
victim for the last time. Miss Jones.
Seizing his hat, ho rushed out into th
cold, cold world, and ten minutes late
was playing, pin-pool for the drinks
Binffhamlon Republican.
Respect, Not Love.
Clam Vere do Vere It can ucver os
never.
Mr. Highflyer I was on the top Bid
of that wheat corner. Miss Clara. Loot
at this bank account.
"1 do not love you, Mr. Highflyer, bu
I respect you. Oh, my darling, ho1
deeply i rejqxxH you; 1 am yours.' -
t hiUidt.li.hia Btcord. -
l he great trouble with man Is not
a lack of opportunity, it is the need ol
a disposition to Improve the opportu
nities he has.
The great secret of getting on in
the world a secret which few have
learned Is to know when to speak
and especially when to keep stilL
Men suppose that their reason h
command over their words; still it hap
pens that words in return exercise au
thority on reason. Lord Bacon.
Don't say that a man is bow-leggod
even if he has that eccentricity of gait.
Just say that he doesn't obstruct the
view of the scenery when he is walk
ing. Western Plowman.
Unless a man has trained hlmselt
for his. chance, the chance will only
make hinr rid iculoua. A grea occa
sion ia worth- to a man exactly what
his antecedents have enabled him to
make of it. William Matthew. .
Most of the very rioW men of this
country wre nca VW&. But unfort
unately ta-rfrglasRfe from one condi
. ha ben, effected vev
' it
lip. "t
s.
direct lift.. ' :
ogy. the wrlt4, ' .
of the system of toarria?
r-j,"oi-
iiedu!"
docent
among some three hundred and
people of tin world, so as to ascertain
by means of a method of adhesion"
how far each rule co-exists or not with
othr rules, and what have been the
directions of development from one
rule to another! A a first test of tho
results to bo obtained by thl tneatis
the barbaric custom Is examined
which forbids the husband and hi
wife's parents (though on a friendly
footing) to apeak or look at ono
another or mention one anoth'rs
names. Borne sevonty peoples prac
tice this or the converse custom of tha
wife and her husband's relatives b'dng
obliged ceremonially to cut one an
o,Vr. On classifying tho marriage
r , lej of mankind a marked distinction
lh found to lie between those jwople
who custom Is for tho husband to re
side with his wife's family and those
where he removes her to hi own
home. It appears that the avoidanco
; custom between tho husband and hi
wife's family belongs TtreiMHidwantlv
(lu fourteen cases, as compared with
t,rht oomo.ited as likelv to ham
eight computed as likely to napiMsu oj
:;ruci.- tc the group of cases where
io husband goo to live with the
wife's family. This Implies a casual
eonnectton between the customs of
avoidance and residence, suggest ing as
reason that the husband, being an
Interloper In the wife's fmily, mustb
treated as a stranger; to use an English
idiom expressing the situation, he Is
not 'recognized.'' Other varieties of th
ustomsshow similar preponderant ai-
esions. Another custom, here ca'led
teknonmy, or naming the parent from
the child, prevails among more than
thirty people; as an example was men
tioned the name of Ra-mary, or father
of .Mary, by which Livingstone wa
generally known In Africa. This cus
tom proves on examination to adhere
closely to those of residence and avoid
ance, the three occurring together
among eleven people that Is, more
than six times as often a might bejt
pectod to happen by chance concur
rence. Their connection finds satis
factory explanation in the account
given of the C-ree Indians of Canada.
where tho husband lives in bis
wife's house, but never speik
to his parents-in-law till bis
first child Is boftr? tW alter ttio w-frTTTW
hltuat ion, for though tho fat her is not
member of the family bis child is,
and so confers on him the status of
father of so-and-fo, which becomes
his name, the whole being then
brought to a logical conclusion by the
family ceasing to cut bim. 1'hi
etiquette of avoidance furnish an In
dication of the direction of change ia
social habits among mankind; there
are eight people (for Instance, the
Zulu) whore residence is in th hus
band's family, with the accompanying
advoidnne. but at tho same tim tho
advoidance Is k?pt up between th"?
husband and wife's family, indicating
that nt a recent period be may have
habitually lived with them London
iloot.
MOVING FROM MEXICO.
rropla of Sonor fal(-rarlnc t Ihv
Sou t her I rt of Ariiawt.
There ha been for lomo time past
remarkable movement of Mexicans
out of Sonora into JSouthem Arizona
and Xew Mexioo a far Lost as K
Paso. They come with their families
and household goods, apparently de
termined never to go back again.
I nore most be some peculiar reason
for thia sudden emigration, although
when questioned, these refugees speak
only in a general -way about increas
ing hardship and poverty in their old
home, of oppressive. government and
of accumulation of wealth in the
bands of the fow. They all say that it
is petting impossible for poor peopl
to make an honest living in Sonora.
An impartial Inquiry into the facts of
the case shows that Sonora is one oi
the States where the authorities have
made it their especial business to Invite
foreign capital and immigration, and
that the lands of tho State havo been
given or sold in large bodies to En
glish and American companies, min
ing syndicates and colonizing corpora
tions. At the present moment some
extra large concessions are on the
point of being given to foreign appli
cants. There may be some truth in
the complaint that by inviting the en
terprising, pushing and well-to-do for
elgners the poor, ignorant and shift
less native goes to the walL
These refugees charge that the bloody
and expensive Yaqal war originated
simply in a vast scheme of land grab
bing. in which some Mexican officials.
high in authority, co-operated with for
eign capitalists in getting hold of the
entire aqui valley aa well as all the
land along the Mavo river. Even the
wealthy Sonorians of the better clas:
are dissatisfied by the course high of
ficials are pursuing, and there is
strong undercurrent of disconten
throughout the State, and in some sec
tions only the presence of Federal
Mexican troops prevents open out
breaks. Troops are stationed at various
points ostensibly for the purpot of
keeping the Indians In check, but in
reality to awe the common people
There is at present every appearanet
of this immigration contin-xnj in th
direction of Southern Arizona. Louis
r-JouruaL . ..
Fifty jears ago the Unit
was the home of aJflTe" number of pe-
cunar k nw uniiiijjns.- l mess a Aalional
preserve ccnaes, to the rescue very soon,
anoth jdr'decnde ill see them nearly all
ext jfm t. The grizzles are disappearing
Irbm the Rockies. A live buffalo b
jiow worth fromtOOOte $l.f
tbree years ago cost scarcely
that amount, and they are fo?
nowhere bpl in a corner of -
in the Yellowstone Park.
has bn hunted almost a
The ta untain sheep, r .
beaver, the anttloi ea
ing. . -v -, .
To free canaries and ... .
Insects the following me
mended by one who say -, .
fully practiced it for yj
dusk cover the cage wit, -During
the night the ii
from the birds on to ,
they may be scn rt- .
, 'eift remove r
n
ifr,
f
r .
U'Cj
I I. If -i'ti I.i t
rllll I 5 ! O .' . ' i If I I
upon his wor.i nert-r t
into the stud? of mn-JU:
tho ardor of this oun;f
alty. " When a baft bot'iiy and
istry-isitas hU favorite p:ir-itt,
sooner wera his srhool dar over tl
he undertook medkdRO as a
study, attending the leetur?, goi
through tho hospitals. And Realty pt
log tho examinations that iaed i
to practice as a doctor. Nor c
worit end here. Having cy-. .
eye ' as bis specialty, ha
some years to a care (til study c,l ,
various theories concerning the tru
munt of the blind. Thl done,
traveled through Kuropo, seeking '
advice and help of every oculist
special ominence In his profession, t
it was only when be had learned fr
them ail they could teach biro that
returned to his pa!ao at Teern, h
ho established himself as a regi.
oculist Any ono may consult b
his door stands open to all the wo
tho only difference between bhjy
any other practitioner being
rate of charces varies In &y
with tho wealth of those
aid. If he perform art
rich MM. the Primal
a that of anr tj
skill, iHUbc,
ever, the patient Ue
means do not allow
ing in such ejpetjst.
a great doctors, we'C
era his charges to wh
can afford to pay; while, a
poor not merely roeadie'
officers with 30 a year, civ5
perchance 40 all such tuf'
Karl Theodor act only if
fee, bvt while they arf
be receives them f
and caring for the'
kindly thoughtful'
an Ideal socU'
Princes b;forr
but which of
honst ry J
Theodor
eldest r
K
fif,
g
slaL
The or
antiquity, but -t
that in George Watla
art wa practiced even
and good statesman. lav
of tho Maryland Journey
1773. Washington inserte
ti.sement dated at ths
now known to all the ,
Vernon. This U the "a.
Mocxt Verxox. i Vf
l i. 1773 The tubscri
tained patents for rrr.ir3"
Bcres of land on the ( " and G
Kanawfca (10.000 of w', i, are sit it
on the banks of tl Erst men
river, between the isoutls f t
Kanawha., and the rrmfcltidef'
Great Kanawha or New river-"
mouth or near it, up war'
continued curvey) propoe?
the same into any siz-sd T
nmyijjo desired, and. lot
moderate terms, al!or
number of years rent
within the space of th
next October, thr..rieV
contained in eacfe lot.
tstely for a lesser qua
clenrcd. fenced and title
and before the time lib
commencement f the fir.
aero of every bundrc,
-.ately, as ab-
meaoow-
fifty frui
of land h.
ises. Aoy
on the land.-
formed of thc-sr
the subscriber, na.
his alienee to Mr.'
vuld do well Lj
their intentions bef-
tober ner -j
ritrmli'
swer tt
Those'
gin by puJ
hind then,
the causes",,
successful mea
find that in o
ly rose b- -and
thrift,
quire into
cessful m
monly cab
oessful.the
it to be s
or bt
to dip
has j
nG d.
but r
chr-"
t
a.
ica
r r f
t r
r
. ' . 'L " " -