Image provided by: Scio Public Library; Scio, OR
About The Scio tribune. (Scio, Linn County, Or.) 1919-19?? | View Entire Issue (Nov. 12, 1925)
» ' 7-, * ' B * -A * *•* • r t V ». * « 3» • • I /■ • > f «• ' * -V-, «. . 4- » -------a*v«9> rare Six • I » • ♦ * • X • ’ ** • \ .* N** // i «•- *1 V . • t ••: **•*■ K* -a •»«»* ’* '»• . a -’ • • • i *• - r vi» ’ ’i” ■» , .4 i 4*. *. «t-L. r m - ■ -*^f' ~T* THE SCIO TRIBUNE Uncle Sam: Mapmaker Th» Wiring Diagram, Giving Directions for ths Construction of a Labora tory Type Three-Tube Receiver. rondrnvra and other Inatrument» ar» fastened are ’ L" aectfona cut from old Three tube sets ar» very popular to ■toragwbattery containers. The»» con day ; a three tube art may be «aid to tainer» ar» of hard rubber, and make occupy th» middle poaltlaa between In- eicelimt panel material. Cut them rxiwnalve outfits, aa for instnnra. neu- with an old wood saw. the coarse teeth trodynea and superheterodynes line make a better-looking job than If a of th» reasons for lhe popularity of hacksaw ia uaed. In finishing. th» the three tul>» set to Its reasonable edges should I m > aqnarati with a filo, cost, and another to that most three- and the aide» amoothed with fine sand- tube sets will operate a loud «(•raker Iisper. Anally polishing with oil. Th« wiring diagram show» th» ttire» To do thia th» ordinary three-tubs art Bars a regrnrrfitlv« detector and two tubes uaed In parallel. on that they ar» audio amplifiers A more recent ten run from a sing!» Mx-ohm rheoatst. dency, however, to toward radio fre Thia art uses the regular fivnvolt quency ampltfirr*. The primary cause (storage battery) tubes. Th» type 30 for thia tendency Is that there to no detector la a very sensitive tub», snd troublesome rvgrnerntlv» howl spread th» 2i)l a amplifiers ar» among th» throughout th» neighborhood of th* beat on the market at present. Clarity receiving set. and a secondary cause Is 1» secured by using only 4ft volts on the theoretical knowledge that greater th» radio amplifier, and th» loud dlatanc« to iHiaelble with a radio than ■peaker power Is obtained by loading with an audio etag« of amplification. the audio tube to Its full capacity—as I'o !•• perfectly fair. It must b» ad much as I3u volts of “B" battery msy mitted that practical tests seem to safely hr used with a corresponding ■how that audio amplification gives ”C” battery of proper sis»; for 130 greater volume on the nearer stations volts of "B" use a 4 <4-volt ~C" bat- but will not bring In the far ones; tery To Add Fourth Tub», while on the other hand radio ampltfl As already mentioned, thia set wa« ration gives consistent clearness snd distance The main difficulty with a designed mainly for clarity on all ata- one step radio frequency amplifier to tiona using headphones If loud-speak to get power enough to operate a loud er volume la wanted for all stations, »l-eaker with only two other tubeai another audio amplifier can t>e added. after hearing the distant station By The transformer should have a lower using ■ eultabl» audio transformer It ratio than th« on» atiggcatcd for th« to iKtaalble U get satisfactory loud first audio stag»—a four to on« Is a •peaker volume on the nearer stations good ratio for th» second audio ampll- By th» addition of thto audio with on» stag» of audio amplification, I fi«r loud speaker operatton though It often seems to b» rath»r I amplifier weak on other station« Th» greatest should !•» (wiealbl« at all times. Th» advsntag» is that much h-as noise will ■eparat» worklug of all tubes tends to com« through a net which la equipped i make It easier to operate than a re with a radio amplifier, and at the asm» flexed four-tutw aet. tlm» tb» dlatanc» to undeniably great 1 No provision was made on th» board er if clear reception to wanted at all I for a meter, but the tine of either a tlrnea, the loud speaker should tie uaed voltmeter or ammeter to strongly rac- for th» nearest station« and phones ommended Th» detector tut»» to es for distance; this to a good typ» of pecially critical, and it will be moat three-tub» set to build. Of cvmrae. an sensitive when five volts ara supplied oth»r tutw may be added later, but th» to IL If a 2OO-tube to used ao sug main part of the set remains unal gested. ei|>ertment with th« "B" bat- tered Th» following description to tery voltage ; sometimes a lower value that of th« three tub« set This act. may b« t^etter than 22%. The writer then, uses a radio amplifier for die had one new 2tx)(ub« that became lane», a regenerative detector for paralysed with any voltag« over Ifi. maximum volume from th« detector, and worked t>eat at 16% volte After •nd J a ait to-on» high-quality audio thto tube had been In use for several six toon» transformer for loud speaker opera- mouths I I m gaa content changed, and tion. an Increased output of satisfactory Eliminât«« lnt»rf»r»nc» quality could be obtained by using Having tii» radio amplifier connected 10% volts. To be sura the correct “B" to th» antenna circuit »Umlnat«» tb» detector voltag» to being used, tun» la troubl»aome local InterfYrrnra which oe aome station and try aeveral "B" to associated with moat regeneratlv» values on that on» static*—retualng receivers. A further Improvement ov»r If ueceaaary each time a change la tb» alngl» regenerative set to noticed mad»-and use th» "B" voltage that In regard to the amount of static ra- seems t<est ralv«d when a radio amplifier to uaed Winding th» Celle. This may t>» explained by aaying that Foor of th» flv» colls ar» wound la there era two separate tuned circuits; th« well known "basket" typ». around flrat the radio amplifier; and second, 11 splkea aet evenly spaced on a the detector circuit Ntatlc, a mor» or Inch circle. Two coils of fit) turns ua»d leas untuned ether disturbance, la with low loas UOOSS mfd condensers forced to travel through two toned form the two main tuning units An circuits before being audible, and a untuned antenna circuit coll of 30 great deal of It to theraby filtered out. turns to wound in th» asm» fashion, because tuned circuits respond poorly and a plat» coll of 20 turns fvwds ths to wave» to which they ar» not tuned radio energy Into th» detector tnb» cir It 1» distinctly noticeable that static cuit. If a long antenna to used. It may Is lean botberaom» with this set than prove advisable to us» »a antenna coll with a regular ragenerattva detectoe. of 1ft turaa A complete list of colls Regeneration la uaed on nearly all ■ ad coodensera. lettered th» sam« aa stations but som» local stations com« th» wiring diagram, together with In with such volume that regeneration other apparatus 1a given below: to not Beeiled. and thto control to then Cell and elrewlt Tara» wirs. wind • I» 1» one Baa Set merely left unused—or tb» regenera Lt Aatsana Radio ampL arid •s is tute Haakai tion dial may be rotated backward no LI U l>»t»ctor grid 44 jo i>nc Baek at aa to oppose tb» field of tb« roll from L4 Radio atn»L »1st» >4 is one Bae «st which It feeds, thereby making a LA TUkl»r 45 IS DSC it** th Co«d»>» r A circuit. Kind a capacity smooth volume control for nearby pow Cl Rad amyl t a'g Cardw»ll • sesti mtd erful stations C< Potoctor taa • Cardwoll By R >u AZJWC T . . « »7?^ ■ a i * 7 Temple Act Provides For Completion of Topographical Survey fc 2D Years ' t By I»-’-' • JOHN DICKINSON SHERMAN 1.TH auppo«» you are an able bodied young Amerl can of Hie mate sex who wouldn't object to a vaca tion next summer with all your et|>en»es paid and wages thrown In for good measure That being the case, you should get In tourh with Uncle Ham at Washington. 1». O. Uncl» flam, doubtless, will Insist upon calling thia vacation a job at map making with the geologl cal survey. But don't let tb» d<-ar old gentleman khl you. Why, you'll go away off to som» wild bit of country and cook at a campflra and rat bacon and lieans and flapjacks off tin plates and sleep in a tent and bathe In a stream and fish •nd hunt and climb mountains Or inayl»», Instead of climbing mountains, you'll go deep Into some great forest where II a cool and dark and silent ami the giant trees meet overhead, with just a gllmpae of th» blue of th» Mayb» you'll travel by dog sled •ky over anow Maybe you'll paddlr down a swift stream between canyon walla And maybe. If you stick long enough, you'll do all of these things and murr MB And th» surveyors don't make map« In rainy weather, they can't, And rainy days are when th» fish bite beet And when the woods ar» wet la just th« time to-aialk deer Why. I knew on» surveying camp that had lh» most remarkable adventure with a grtasly — but that's another story and too long to tell here il»alth. strength, an ap petite that would "put a soul under ths ribs of I>eath." dreamless sleep, ad venture th» Joy of "seeing what's be yond th» next ridge" why. If these aren't vacation joys, what ar» they? And between yon and ma these topographer» of t'ncle Ram believe In taking things as easy aa they can and do their job right. George Washing ton. when he was surveying foe lx>rd Fairfax In Virginia, uaed to work straight aero«» country, taking things aa they came But the topographic engineers of tlieae latter days can put It all over Georg» Washington aa a surveyor. You see. they hsv« new fangled Instruments and methods. Ro they just cllmh the nearest mountain —If there ta on»—and map th» sur rounding country from Ila top. Why, the»» topographical engineer» are so fond of thia sort of map making that Unci» Ram picked out as their boa» a man of the name of Blnkeye And h«'a mad« good on hla name too I haven't any idea of hto mountain record, but I do know that as far back an 1912 be explored end mapped the rrater of Kilauea la Hawaii National park. Thia great volcano has been I'OBtlnnonaly active for more than a I -entury and In It» crater to llalemau- mau—Iwk» <>f Kverlaatlng Fira— where dwells I'ele. Hawaiian Goddess of Fir». And th» next year this Birds- ey»—-probably to get cooled off -«ur v»yed and mapped th» top of Mount Rainier. In Mount Rainier National park, which to on« hug» Icecap with ■ snowbank for a mimmlt, 1A4BR feet up In th» air. But h» doran't confin» himself to mountains. Two year» ago led an expedition by boat through the Grand canyon of the IXdorado. oh. y«»: they hart a boat or two. had gorgeuua adventures and narrow re caps*; altogether It waa a most sat la- factory map making Ro. you see. Uncle Sam'» map makers actually get paid for hating convenient site sections each covering mor» fun than anybody. Nevcrthe- a "quadrangle" of ground The e<lgee lesa. It's a poor question that hasn't of each map J<»ln on with exactness to those of adjoining quadrangles And two sides and— Unci» Sam sells these Incomparable In reality this topotfrftphlml •tirvey of the Uniteal Blates to a tremendous quadrangle» at 10 cents »ach retail and d cents wholesale] ly big and Important job. It's ao big This topographic map. which at flrat that after nearly fifty years of work glsnc« of the uninitiated appears to It isn't half finished. It's SO important that the Hlxty eighth congress yielded be a map obarured by a inaaa of Ir regular reddish brown tinea, is of tre to a popular demand and agreed to mendous value to the country. F«r appropriate the necessary funds to fin toll the Job In twenty years. And thia Is an ago of construction Irri gallon, drainage, waterpower, roads, here's Ilia why and wherefore of It: etc., etc.H And the topographic mat»« The g<vilog|<-al survey to charged do away With (hr necessity of S|>eclal “under direction of tb» secretary of surveys, Th» fanner. |hr example, th« interior with the classification of can tell whether a drain«re ditch la th« public lands and th» examination feasible. So that th» engineering conn of th« geologic structure, mineral re ril, representing practically all of the sources and mineral products of th» engineers of the country, led a popu national domain In conformity with lar campaign for th« completion of th» this authorisation th« geological sur survey, with the result that th» Tem vey has been engaged tn making a pie act became law. geologic map of th« United States and Though thia to|>ographic survey has Alaska. Involving both to|x>grsphlc been in progress sine» laTV. cougres and geologic surveys . . ■l>>nal appropriations have been woe Georg» Otto Smith to director of tb» fully Inadequate In 1H21. for esam geological survey. 11» la a geologist ple, only 425 engineer» and th»lr as of not» and a man of affairs. 11» was slstanta were making map»; they cov born In Main» In INTI. 11» la a col ered 12411 equars miles of territory, lege man. has th« right to wear tb» only about •15.000.ntM> have been Phi Beta Kappa key that denotes spent In 40 years. Under th» Tempi» acholarahlp and can writs after hla act congreea Is expected to appropri name: A B. A. M. Ph. 1», Sc D. ate frlm •l.floo.ooo to W tMSi.OOO a year and I.I., O. 11» to a member of many Moreover there Is a provision by scientific societies and the author of which states and municipalities may government reports, of papers and ad- cooperate to »peed up th» wort; such dresses and of a book or two. 11» has out side contributions this year total been director etnc» 1007. with th» ex- about •4<M>.flflO About »>000.000 will ceptlon of 1922 23. when h» was • be needed to complete th» survey, member of th» United Htatrs coal IHrector Smith and Colonel Birds commission eye have a big job ahead of them The geological survey has several The gross area of continental United divisions and branches, among which Ktates la fl 020.7« square miles; la th» to|M>grapblc branch, of which Alaska contains WWl. 4flfl square miles Col. C. H Birdseye la chief topo About 4ft per cent has been mapped-- graphical engineer. He was born In •ee map reproduced by courtesy of New York stats In 1F7K 11» to a col the Scientific American Magncin»—of lege man. After post graduate work which about IS per cent will hav» to and servlc» aa university Instructor he l>e remapped because of th» um of too did several years of field work 11» has small a scale. Th» standard maps ar» been with th» survey since nag) eg. on th» seal» of on» mile to on» Inch cept during hto World war service, on» Inch <>n paper to «2,.Vk> inches of •nd took hla present poaitlon In 1019. country The completed map. If all The Importance of th« completion th» quadrangle» were put In plsra. of the topographic survey Ilea la th» would cover about on» acre fact that th» geological survey's Uncle flam must hav» had a aort of standard topographic map to th» only "prophetic hunch" when h» picked out accurst« map Moreover, It to tn ef ( <>4on»l Btrdsere Why? Becans» tn fect an exact model In miniature of th» past forty sig years the topo ths country It rnprsssnta It contains graphic engineers hav» walked about all that does th» ordinary map; In ad io, non. non mil»»—which would h» dition It abowa every physical feature mor» than 400 times around th» earth. represented to exact arale and every But th» topographic engineer of th* •Itttud» to 1nd1<~at»d by th» contour ftitura wfll likely do much of hla map- Tbeae tuap* ar» published Lu Ung by photography from simian» I C. HITCHCOCK. In N»w York Hsraid-Tnbun». SSSIS »ft The set moontcl on a board, which ta addition to being lea» expensive, eliminates the dielectric loaaea of a long pan»l and Its incioMng cabinet Bare tinned copper wire la need for wiring the tin protects th» wlr» from oxidation end rorroeion wblcb event ually make poor connectlona of bara copper wire As th» wire to bara It Is air Insulate«!, and thto reduraa tb» di electric l<>aae» which ar» always pres ent with covered »Ires Th» “A* bat tery leads, not carrying critical radio current« arv heavy rubber -covered stranded »Ires taeksd down to th» board out of th» way. Tb» Individual panels on which th» Ct Orld Ct By»ss» Mirs fliod SSSIS ant4 Mica fliod SSS1 ait« other As»»ratw» Awdlo transf 4:1 rati« Uo rUU Orta leak t t megohm» Rnaoaial 4 ohms Boekala Pores tala Hvy •srlags Boost Regeneration If sets which uao a variometer t» tune the plat» circuit fall to regetierata on th» higher wave lengths a 25 to 35- tura honeycomb may b» placed In series with th» variometer to lncraaas th» Inductance. It la. in »mu cases st least, preferable to loading with a roodenaer In shunt with th» rartom». »