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About The Athena press. (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942 | View Entire Issue (May 28, 1909)
FASHION IOTOBMATIOW. Children' Fashions in Some Instances Will Remain the Same as Last Year. SECRETARY TO THE PRESIDENT. Fred W. Carpenter, Who Is Mr. Taft'a Illuhl Hand Man. The seereta ry to the president of tin? United States ImH nparly as much pow er as a cabinet niomln r nml more than many of them, writes n Washington correspondent. He lias a potential op portunity to rise, witness George Hruce Cortelyou, who went from the presi dential secretaryship to the postmaster generalship and fhen to the nil Import ant folio of the treasury. Witness also William Loeb, Jr., whose future has bothered President Taft's advisers more than any other single man beeuuse It was a foregone conclusion that Hoose velt's secretary must land In a sub stantial berth. And because Loeb couldn't be made secretary of the navy owing to previous mortgages he Is now headed toward the collectorshlp of the port of New York, which Isn't a bad direction to bo going toward, since it pays a fat stipend and since It was Chester A. Arthur's stepping stone to the vice presidency, which In turn, was a Stepping stone to the presidency. Loeb has a right to hope to bo presi dent. Cortelyou has a very dear ex pectation on the same subject. Where fore the latest presidential timber to be projected Into the limelight -presidential timber bocnuse of the Job he Is to hold Is Fred W. Carpenter. Carpen ter may bo a cabinet member, too, pretty soon. It is quite a habit. Cleve- mi FRttD W. CAKrENTF.B. land started It when he raised Daniel B. Lamont to the secretaryship of war. No appointment In the new presiden tial regime will bo more generully sanc tioned then that of Fred W. Carpenter for the post of chief aid In the business establishment at the White House. Car penter has been for ten years past the "right hand man" of William H. Tuft ami has earned the promotion that will place htm at the head of the business staff at the executive oflleps--n staff made up of forty-two assistant secre taries, clerks, telephone and telegraph operators, messengers, etc. Carpenter, who will be 37 years of aga next December, Is a native of the little town of Sauk Center, Minn., but tn 18K2. when only 10 years old, his father removed to California and most of his boyhood was spent on a ranch In the Golden Gate state, enjoying all the forms of open air life and instilling what has ever since been an abiding affection for this climatic paradise. Young Carpenter attended the public schools iu California and a private aca demy until he had almost reached his majority, when he roturned to his na tive state and entered the law school of the University of Minnesota, lu 1SD7, four years later, he graduated as bache lor of laws, and lu INKS took the degree of LI M., being admitted to practice both In Minnesota and California. In IStW Carpenter returned to Cali fornia ami was with a law firm In San Francisco when there came to him from the Philippines that message, which started him upon his Interesting carver of the past decade. It was a llt tls mors than mere accident that brought Taft and Carpenter together. The president of the Philippine com mission was in need of a stenographer for confidential work and could find do on to hla personal liking In the Island. A trlend,' fresh from America, to whom be appealed In his dilemma, remember ed the willing worker In the Han Fran cisco law'ofHce, and recommended Car penter. The young man went out on the next steamer and proved his metal so speedily that in less than a year, with the Inauguration of Taft as gov ernor of the Philippines, Carpenter was made his private secretary. Prof. Perclval Lowell announces thai spectroscopic proof has been obtained of the presence of water on Mars. This would seem, according to the Scientific American, to settle once and for all a moot Martian question in Lowell's fa vor. There has recently been completed at Great Falls, Mont., a huge brick chim ney for carrying away the fumes of the smelting works, which will take rank as one of the tallest, structures In the world. It Is 78i f,G( J,, outside diame ter at (the base and S3 1'cet 9 Inches at the top. It extends ."MX. feet above the ground and .r)2.S1. feet above Its lowest foundation course. Its total weight Is 24,fHU tons. Dr. Sehllck's apparatus for prevent ing ships from rolling at sea has lately given fresh proof of Its ability. One of his gyroscopes has been fitted on board tlio mall steamer Lochlel. While the vessel was rolling KlVi degrees on each side, through a itotal angle of 83 de grees, the gyroscope was started, .and Immediately decreased the total angle of roll to 3 degrees. The apparatus Is driven electrically and requires but llt- Ie attention. Radio active substances cause the ap pearance of colors In glass and porce lain submitted to their Influence. This fact, taken In connection with the knowledge that In places near the nitrate-mines of the province of Aconca gua, Chile, white glass becomes colored, has led to the discovery, in those dis tricts, of spots In the soil which mani fest a strong radio-activity. Prof. It. do C. Ward, a meteorologist, points out that while the term temper ate zone very well describes the climate within the band of the earth's surface which It Includes In the southern hem isphere, It Is often misleading when ap plied to the corresponding band in the northern hemisphere. The most ex treme climatic conditions prevail with In its limits. In the southern hetnls phere the climate Is more equable be cause of the relatively vast extent of the ocean surfaces there. Even In the northern hemisphere fully half the area of the temperato zone Is covered by water, aim it is only over the continen tal portions that great extremes of heat and cold occur. So much has been said lately about the apparent upsetting of long-estab lished scientific axioms that particular Interest attaches to a recent confirma tion of a principle that has long been tacitly assumed as correct, although in late yenrs It has been questioned. In 11XH1 II. Landolt believed that he had shown a measurable loss of mass dur lug certain chemical reactions, and he was disposed to ascribe the loss to the emission of electrons. This year Lan dolt has succeeded In tracing "the ap parent less of mass to minute changes In the volume of the glass vessels eon- ployed In the experiments. The general conclusion which he now draws from all his experiments Is that no change of mass can be detected as a result of chemical reactions, and the law of con servation of mass In this case Is true within the very small limits of expert mental error. MRS STOWE'S NOVEL. "Unci Tom's Cabin" Was Inspired by Actual Occurrence. Dr. Charles Edward Stowe, Harriet Beecher Stowe's son, describes In the Circle magazine the Influences which led his mother to the writing of the book which moved the world. Mrs. Stowe's family had removed to Cincinnati when she was about 20 years of age and there she had had unusual opportunities for observing the practical workings of slavery as an in stitution. At this time her brother, Charles Beecher, was in business In the city of New Orleans In a large commission house which had frequent dealings with the slave plantations. He also kept a Journal of his observations and experiences. His letters were full of Incidents bearing more or less remote ly on the practical influence of slavery. There was an actual Legree, whom Mrs. Stowe's brother Charles met on the boat returning to his Red River plantation with a miserable gang of slaves that he had purchased In New Orleans. Uncle Tom was largely an Ideal char acter, but the leading traits of the com posite portrait were drawn from many conversations that Mrs. Stowe had with trembling fugitives, who, on their way to Canada and freedom, found In her house food, shelter, kind words and pecuniary aid. At last she herself was stricken down with a painful and dangerous illness. But she could still trust and pray. And pray she did so fervently and with such faith that her soul was born into a new and glorious experi ence of God's greatness and love. In I860 she Joined her husband In Maine. After her resolve was formed, months elapsed before she was able to carry out her intention of writing something to make the world realize the horrors of slavery. The writer Is obliged to confess that he was himself the prin cipal hindrance Just at that time. In December, 1850, Mrs. Stowe wrote to Mrs. Edward Beecher : "As long as the baby sleeps with me nights I can't do much at anything, but I will do It. I will wrlto that thing If I five!" One of these days a baby will wakt up In a photograph gallery to find Its mother tending over it with drapery on her head, a la Madonna, and the child will be so shocked to think Its mother has worn the dishcloth flown town, that It will spoil the picture by throwing a fit. How long after marriage docs tht average wife begin to find fault with her husband's table manners J There Is to be a new biography of John Calvin to be brought out iu July, during the celebration of the four hun dredth anniversary of his birth. Mr. Marlon Crawford's new novel, The White Sister," is out. Mr. Craw ford Is one of the most industrious of men his books appear with a regular ity that is amazing to those authors who write with less ease. "Self Control and How to Secure It" is the title of a new volume soon to be issued by the eminent Dr. Paul Du bois of Bern, Switzerland, who has written this book upon self control, or rather the want of it, as a fertile cause of many forms of nervous disorders. The new book differs from those al ready published In that it will be large ly a philosophical and direct discussion of what self-control may accomplish and how It may be secured. Such honor as a statue Imparts Is to be bestowed upon the memory of Francis Bacon by a gentleman of Gray's Inn. What Is pronounced by the Loudon Chronicle to be "a fearful and wonderful figure In plaster, surmount ed by a hat of the Mother Shipton type, has already been placed In the south square of the inn for the consid eration of members. This remarkable hat reminds the commentator of the chapeau of a statue' of Wellington which has not disappeared from its London site. The memorable thing about this hat was Its arrangement of metal plumes purposely made to flutter In the breeze. Prof. Rudolph Eucken's book, "The Froblem of Human Life," as viewed by the great thinkers from Plato to the present time, will be hrotight out soon. In his Introduction the author says, "What does your life mean when viewed as a whole? What are the purposes It seeks to realize? What prospect of happiness docs It hold out to us? To ask ourselves these ques tions Is to set ourselves the Froblem of Life, nor need we stay to Justify our right to ask them. They are the cry of an age rent asunder, Its heart at enmity with the work of Its hands. Nor can Philosophy stand aloof from the struggle; she only has her part to play. Is she not pre-eminently fitted to give this movement a large and generous meaning, to clear It from confusion and direct It toward tts ultimate goal?" Ancient Agriculture. Why agriculture, the first industry to be learned and so obviously the most fundamental, was the last to be de veloped Is one of the most baffling mys teries of history. One inarvels at it afresh as one stands before a- certain glass case in the Egyptian quarter of the British Museum, wherein is a lit tle group of farm utensils a fractured wooden plow; a "rusted sickle, two sticks tied together with a leathern thong and several tassels that had hung on the horns of oxen. To be sure, these Implements were usefl 3,000 years ago they were found in the tomb of Seti I. but one remembers that when Egypt was using these bread tools, no better than those of the barbarians about her, she had a most elaborate government, an army and navy and art and literature. The records and relics of other na tions down through history show the same strange incongruity. For thou sands of years the wise men of the world absolutely Ignored the problems of the farm. A farmer remained either a serf or a tenant. He was a stolid drudge "brother to the ox." Even the masterful old pilgrim fathers had no plows at ail nothing but hoes and sharp sticks for the first twelve years of their pioneering. And therefore for thousands of years there was hunger. Journal of Agriculture. Milking by Hand and Machine. After a test of milking- machines for a period of more than a year, Prof. A. L. Haecker, of Nebraska, has made several conclusions. Heifers In their first lactation, .apparently give better results by machine milking than do Bged cows that have been accustomed to hand milking for one or more years. Some cows are not adapted to machine Dandelions and Milk. A Belgian Investigator has. been looking Into the correctness or incor rectness of the somewhat popular be lief among farmers that dandelions In crease the yield of milk, and that In consequence they are rather desirable forage than otherwise. He claims that this belief Is incorrect and is founded wholly on the false analogy suggested by the milky juice of the dandelion. Furthermore, he asserts that dande lions In large numbers have a delete rious effect on the quality of butter and is one among the causes which make It difficult to get butter of a fine flavor and good keeping qualities in spring and early summer. Hay which has large quantities of dandelions in it has a similar effect, he says, and he advises farmers to weed their pastures whenever it is practicable to do so. Too Much Salt Kills. Hogs like salt, and too much salt will kill them. Being hogs they do not always know when they have had enough. If mixed with ashes, or ashes and sulphur, and deposited In piles no danger need be feared unless they are ravenous for salt from long continued deprivation. But If you give them brine from the meat barrel In free doses you might as well give them ar senic. Meat brine Is one of the hog -poisons. Cottonseed is another, but why no man knoweth. The latter Is a slow poison for hogs,, yet a good food for cattle. Restriction of Fertility. Prof. Spillman says -It seldom pays to turn under a crop of cow peas In the green state. It is better practice to make hay of them, feed the hay and put the manure back on the land. As Is the case with all legumes, the POPULAR BREEDS OF CHICKENS AND DUCKS. PRIZE WHITE WYANDOTTE COCK ANDHCN """'"awnr I Kmf9r,,mmmt I nfcwirii "EKIN DUCKS IV ir PRIZE WINNING UCHT BRAHMACOCHRCLLS PULLET One of the most popular breeds of chickens for general utility is the White Wyandotte. The birds of this strain are smaller than the Plymouth Rock, but are equally rapid growing. Good layers and fine market fowls. Pekln ducks excel all other breeds both for eggs and flesh. To raise ducks successfully and make a profit both from eggs and young ducklings, the stock birds should be young as far as possible March hatched birds, and never more than two years old. The Light Brahmas are the oldest and per haps the best known of the feather-legged chickens. Size Is the quality that recommends this breed. Where large and slowly maturing fowls are desired the Light Brahma has no superior. milking. Alternate hand and machine methods of milking have a detrimental effect upon the flow. Manipulation of the udder Is absolutely necessary in some instances before all the milk can be drawn by the machine. One man operating one machine can milk about the same number of cows In an hour as one milking by hand. Two men operating four machines can practi cally do the work of three men milk ing by hand. Two operators with four machines milked twenty-four cows in an hour. It Is necessary to thoroughly wash and boll the milking machine parts after each usage In order to pro duce milk with as low bacterial con tent as that resulting from careful methods of hand milking. Denver Vield and Farm. Lifting the Wagon Box. I constructed a wagon bed jack that Is one of the handiest devices on the farm where there is only one man to put on or take off a grain rack or wagon box. The construction is very simple. Make a carpenter's jack, only A Ulckeus Manuscript. H. F. Dickens, F. C, tells an Inter esting story concerning the original manuscript of his father's famous 'H?arol." The novelist presented the M.S. to Thomas Milton, an old school fellow. In 1S75 Mr. Milton sold it to Francis Harvey, a bookseller, for 50. Then It passed luto the hands of Geo. Churchill, an enthusiastic autograph collector. Mr. Churchill treasured It until 1SS2, when circumstances com pelled him to part with It. After pho tographing every page of It, It was sold to Mr. Bennett, a Birmingham book seller and curio dealer, who eventually found a purchaser, who readily signed a check for 200 for It Finally it wai bought by Stuart M. Samuel of Ken sington Palace Gardens for 300, who Is said to still retain the precious docu mentLondon Ttt-BlU. ONE MAN CAN HANDLE IT. a little stronger to suit yourself. Then bore a hole, b, In the center for a 2 Inch gas pipe to act as a king bolt Then take a 4x4-lnch, 3 foot 6 Inch long crosspiece and fasten It to the gas pipe, c, and brace it with 4x4 Inch braces, a. The height Is 3 feet 6 inch es and width 4 feet When taking off the grain bed place the jack a little better than half "way to the rear end. then remove the rear i eud off the wagon first and swing It on to the Jack. Then put your weight on it aud swing It off the wagon, placing a small jack under the front ud. C. Z. Rux, in Farm and Home. The Annual Honey Crop. In one year the bees sent to market k crop of houey worth nearly as much is the barley crop; three times as much as the buckwheat crop; $6,000,000 greater than the rye crop, and nearly $9,000,000 greater than the rice crop. All of the rice and buckwheat grown on an aggregate area of 2,126 1-8 square miles, did not reach .to the value of tht honey by $151,259. roots of the" cow pea crop add a great deal of nitgrogen to the soil, and have a marked effect on fertility. If a heavy green crop of cow peas is plowed un der in the autumn it is best not to plant the land until the following spring. A. very good plan for bringing up the fertility of a wornout field is to sow rye In the fall, plow this under In the spring, harrow thoroughly, let the land He a month, and then sow cow peas. Cut the peas for hay and sow rye again. A few seasons of such treatment will restore fertility to the soil. Fortunately, both of these crops will grow on very poor land. Early Tomatoes. A truck gardener tells that this Is the way he raised early tomatoes:-He took a dry goods box 2 by 3 feet and 8 Inches deep. In each corner of the box he set a pleec of 2-inch pipe, so that he could water the plants from the bottom, pouring In the water and letting It permeate through the soil, which was composed of a sandy loam put into the box after the bottom had been covered to the depth of 3 inches with well rotted and sifted stable ma nure. The seeds were planted and lightly covered and the soil kept moist, but not wet. In one week after plant ing the green tops appeared, and In three weeks they were trausplanted Into a similar box, beiug set an Inch deeper than they grew in the first box. They grew in the box In sheltered places for three weeks, when they were ready for the garden. Efffts Preserved With Wax. By a novel process of preserving, eggs six months old are made to retain their "new laid" freshness. The pro cess has been developed by a firm of English Importers, acting" on the theory that an egg decomposes owing to the entrance of bacteria through the shell. The eggs are thoroughly cleansed and disinfected and then immersed in a vessel of hot paraffin wax in vacuum. The air In the shell is extracted by the vacuum and atmospheric pressure Is then allowed to enter the vessel, when the hot wax Is forced into the "pores" of the shell, which thus hermetlneally seals It Evaporation of the contents of the eggs, which has a harmful ef feet 1 thereby prevented and the egg Is practically sterile. In the Feed Lot. Wheat bran Is preferable, hqwerei, because It la lesa bulky. BOMAHTIC TALE OF A CITY. : Beflrun on Rafts of Tree Trunks In a Lake, Now a Metropolis. r The story of the founding of the City of Mexico is one of the most extraor dinary tales in history. It happened in 1325, at Jeast it began a long time before that but was an accomplished fact about 000 years ago. In the first place, says the Rosary Magav.lne, imagine an' almost Inaccess ible mountain, crowned with a valley at tho height of 8,000 feet above the level of the sea. In the center of this valley was an Immense lake. When th& Aztecs arrived, led by the priests of the god of war, they found It In the possession of hostile tribes. For that reason and because the priests declared that in a certain part of the lake where there stood an ele vation of stones an eagle had been seen devouring . a serpent, they began the construction of the city on the spot, im mediately over the deepest waters of the lake. There had long existed a prophecy among the Aatecs that their wanderings would end when thuy should have reached a place where the priests would behold an eagh? resting on a cactus plant devouring a serpent Confident that they had found the spot ordained to be their abiding home, they began to consvi-uot rafts of the trunks of trees, covering them with thick layers of earth, upon which they - built rude huts of more or less solidity. Groups of dwellings soon began to form themselves In regular; order, thus de termining the primitive streets of tht new city. They also constructed boats and oart of different sizes, useful in peace and war, and, while certain of their num ber occupied themselves In defending their homes and brethren from the on slaughts of hostile tribes, others con tinued to improve and enlarge the new city. Gradually the lake was filled un and terraces arose, one after another, in the place once occupied by the deen waters. This was In itself a herculean labor, unsurpassed in Ingenuity and durability by any similar work of ancient or mod- iin times. Upon the first of these ter- , races was constructed the Teocalli, oi sacrificial temple. It was begun In 1216 and not completed until 1325, a period of 109 years, from which time may bt dated the official foundation of Tenoch tltlan, to-day the modern city of Mex lco. Mexico's New Discoveries. The Geographical Commission ap pointed seven years ago to map tht towns of Mexico has reported the dis-. co very of 7,079 towns which were not officially known to exist and were sub ject to no Federal control. While some of these places range from 5,000 to 15,000 population, most of them art presumably small villages. A Mexican hill village, few of whost people can read or write, might easily exist for years happily unconscious that it was living under any govern ment at all. A mule path over a pass connects the village sufficiently with the outside world. The sun shines, the crops grow, wants are few, the old In dian tribal customs furnish all tht needed law, and having no history, the land is happy. There are disadvantages In being named, catalogued and put on the map. These 7,079 Idyllic towns will now bt Invaded by drummers, phonographs, fancy waistcoats, automobiles, lawyers, corn doctors, book agents, Salome dancers, penny arcades, handbooks on etiquette and politics and there will bt no place left where the simple lift may be led. These geographers have much to answer for. Man Money. The system of atoning for death oi bodily Injuries Inflicted on others by paying damages is as old as the earli est Teutonic laws, praised by Tacitus. The trespasser was always required to make peace with the aggrieved family of the victim by "Wer-Geld." "Wer" is the ancient German fot man. "Geld," now, as In the days of Wotan, means money. Damages were assessed In accord ance with the rank and wealth of tht Injured party, and the money wai paid over In the presence of the whole community, its acceptance forestalling feuds. Indeed, the recognition of Wer Geld ("money for the man" killed) by law precluded further bloodshed oi other forms of revenge. x If the slayer was not rich enough to pay the required sum, he turned ovel to the Injured parties 1 his sons al slaves. If his sons were not sufficient guarantee for the payment of tht debt, the slayer himself had to turn bondsman both the letter and tht spirit of the law requiring that tht full amount of damage inflicted bt recovered by the aggrieved parties.- New York World. World's Most Costly Garment. The most wonderful, costly and mag nificent garment in the world ia tht Queen of Slam's State mantle, which she wears only about once a year. It is literally covered with diamonds, emeralds, rubles and sapphires In fact, with almost every known precious atone. If It were possible for It to come Into . the market it would probably bring something in the neighborhood of $5 000,000. Good Food (or Stock. "Do you think alfalfa muffins could be appetizing T I don't see why they shouldn't bt to horses and mules.' Birmingham Age-Herald. Be Johnny-on-the-spot when there ta an opportunity to be grasped, othes wise you mar find it missing. ,