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About Bohemia nugget. (Cottage Grove, Or.) 1899-1907 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 28, 1903)
TOPICS OF THE TIMES. Self-reliance In the name we give to llic egotism of tho mnn who succeeds. A bml memory In what keeps us from forgetting tlilncn we want to. Itulldlng n linttleshlp la easy ns com pared with tlic work of keeping It In repair. Schwab got Sf,000,000 nnd paresis, ft would be money In Ills pocket to I ilsc tliem both. Maybe the prophets received with utoiics In their own country were weather prophets. That open door In Manchuria will wear tint Its hinges presently opening Hid shutting so much. The ago walls, nnd with vast Impa tience, for the crowning blessing, that of a Jawless mother-in-law. The man who growls nround the whole blessed time ought to bo made to wear a dog tag and pay license, too. It Is easier to save a soul tlmu to keep It saved, says Itev. Mr. Cnindall. and most of us will agree with him. A man's choice for a nomination Is neter absolutely hopeless until his friends begin to Insist that he Is the logical candidate. The speed of the Kcarsarge, It should be emphasized. Is Intended for Retting after, not getting away from possible enemies. When a cannibal tells his wife he Is going to nsk the missionary In for din ner It means one of two things he la being converted, or he Isn't. A london man has refused to be knighted by King Edward. Evidently be doesn't know of any rich American girl that he wants to marry. Some people get so Interested read ing articles on how to be healthy and beautiful that they never have time to take the exercise advised. The rumor that the Khan of Tartary was assassinated was an error. Hut a man with a khan opener was cap tured In the palnce before he could accomplish bis design. Some scientist has advanced the the ory that kissing Is a cure for hysteria. There Is likely to be one trouble with this kind of a cure, and that Is to al ways find the proper klssee. The risks of novel writing Increase. A bca-captaln tins sued a publishing II rm for $10,000 because the name of the ship In which a. captain behaves In a cowardly fashion Is the same as his own. England complains that we have seized some of her Islands. But we Lave not. It Is merely an exchange. We gave her William Waldorf Astor, xnd surely he Is worth more than any little bunch of Islands. An enterprising digger-up of prehis toric cities has found old King Mena's battle ax right where the cook was using It to chop up the lower cellar stair to get kindling wood for the laun dry stove four thousand years ago. A German editor Is being prosecuted for lese-majeste because he printed the fact that King Ueorge of Saxony con tributed three marks to the relief of a widow with five children. Like out own Uncle Itussell Sage, his Saxon raajestly evidently does good by stealth and blushes to have It known. President Diaz of Mexico has been nominated for another term of four years, and will be elected, as on the tlx previous occasions when he was a candidate. Mexico has needed Just such an autocratic ruler as President Diaz has been. lie Is an old man now. and be Is said to desire an amendment to the constitution providing for a vice prtsldent, so that It be should die In ulflce a man would be on hand to take bis place. A preacher came at a newspaper man In this way: "You editors do not tell the truth. If you did you could not live; your newspaper would bo a failure." The editor replied: "Vou are right, and the minister who will at all times and under all circum stances tell the whole truth about his members, ullve or dead, will not oc cupy bis pulpit more than one Sun tluy, nnd then be Will Hud It ueces nary to leave town in a hurry. Tho press nnd the pulpit go band lu hand, with whitewash brushes and pleasant words magnifying little virtues Into big ones. The pulpit, the pen and the gravestone are the great saint-making triumvirate." And the great minister went nwny looking very thoughtful, while the editor turned to his work 11 nd told of the surpassing beauty of the bride, while In fact she was oh Iiomely as a mud fence. Tho' national bankruptcy law, with the amendments made by Congress at the last session, lias now had time to prove Its value as n working Instru ment, aud It Is the opinion of the spe cial officer of the Department of Jus tice, In charge of this service, that us u result of Its operation there will bo a decrease In tho number of voluntary petitions In bankruptcy In the future. In fact, this prediction Is supported by the returns of tho Federal courts for tho six mouths ending the first of last April. This decreaso Is likely to be -mphnslzed from now on unless there nhould bo a panic or a period of un usual business depression. Of course thcro are reasons for this and ono of them Is that hi accordance with one of ' the amendments referred to n person mny not bo adjudged n bankrupt If within six years bo has received a dls-s-linrgo upon a voluntary petition In bankruptcy. This Is a marked dls- couragement to that class of men who J make bankruptcy a factor of their business calculations. It compels can-1 tlon and handicaps dishonesty. It will I bo remembered that another amend inent reversed the order of the original Mil whereby creditors who had re reived payments on account were re-1 quired to surrender these amounts be fore they were permitted to prove the1 balance of their claims. This frequent- j ly caused confusion and embarrass ment. Now. when a payment on ite-' count lins been honestly received with out knowledge of the debtor's Insolv ency. It can be retained without affect ing the creditor's rights to an equnl share With other creditors. The nuns- i ure seems to lie at least reduced to a , practical working basis which will ben efit legitimate business generally. A tine old phrase, which under the new methods In tdiicntljn has fallen Into disrepute. Is that of learning "by heart." Half a century ago learning by heart was the chief feature of the or- umnr scuoui course, upus icarucu their English aud Latin gtammars by heart; they committed to memory whole pages of history and geography, long lessons In natural philosophy aud endless passages from the English classics. Above all. they learned, word for word, chapters, and some times Iwoks, from the Old and New Testaments. Doubtless In those days many a pupil with a facile memory lipped through his course, or let It si p through him, and gained little In mental tiber aud lower. Yet, after all. there are few better possessions than something of the world's best treasure of wisdom or beauty learned by heart. One of our greatest natural ists was compelled In bis boyhood to commit to memory the entire New Testament and a large part of the old. Without that early training he would i:oi hate gained the clear aud vlgorout aud beautiful style by means of which he has been able to open the eyes of others to the wonders of nature. There Is no such model of style as the old liook of our fathers. I.ucy Larcoui. enjoying to her last days the verses learned In her window-seat library In the milt; Madam Wlllard. (lading de light In her eightieth year lu tho treasures committed to memory In her girlhood; Whlttler, cheering sleepiest nights with the rich stores of his mem ory these and hundreds of others bear witness to the value of wisdom learned by heart. Out It must be by heart. The treasure must be used and loved and cared for, not put Into stor age and forgotten. So used and loved. the words of the masters reveal deep er meanings as .the years go by. They becomeenrlclied to us by a thousand associations days of gladness or sor row to which they have ministered, times of trouble or daugfr In which they have stood as beacon lights. They have become part of the very fiber of our lives. Not only have they given us wisJom nnd couns.l and delight, but also something, nt least, of the cul ture of a high friendship. I A "JACK TilfTlAIR CLIPPER." nt-AInS IIE.NDEBSO.X. In Chicago a man halr-cllpper Is terrorizing girls. He followed Gladys Henderson, 12. shouted. "I wanted that hair," drew a pair of shears, clipped away her tress and ran nway. HufTer from Parasites. All animals, both great aud small, suffer as severely as mammals In the matter of parasites, according to Les lie's Monthly. The parasite of the os trich Is a formidable looking example. The most Interesting of the pigeon's parasites Is the one known as the slender pigeon louse, which Is sup posed to do good service to the bird by thinning Its budy plumage as the weather grows hot. Fish also have parasites. The legs of one variety which Inhabits the carp and pike are attached to the posterior part of Its anatomy and constitute puddles by means of which the organism can change Its host nnd depart to pay Its attention to another fish. Two dark niots In the forepart of the creature represent the first pair of legs, which have been converted Into suckers, by means of which the or ganism retains hold of Its lio-it. There Is good reason to believe that this "pike louse" Is not n parasite torment, but rather a desired attendant. In all piobablllty It derives Its nourishment from the mucous products secrettd by the skin of the tlsh. And when it has satisfactorily arranged the toilet of one fish It abandons It for another which needs Its help. Ancient Hubstiiuio for Anuestliellci. A Dutch physician recently made a dltcovery while traveling In Java. He chanced to stop one day at Kouraboya, where the Javanese maintain a large hospital for prisoners. His attention was drawn to the fact that In the treatment of such cns us necessitat ed an anaesthetic the native doctor did not resort to u drug, but Instead they were manifestly ifduclng their patient to a condition of stupor by cjinpresslng tho curtold artery with their lingers. The Dutch physician was so much Impressed with this primitive method of rendering tho pa tient at least partially luseuslblo to pain that be made a careful study of It. He discovered that this method of anaesthesia, although unknown In modern surgery, was In all probability In vogue among the ancients. Women may be outspoken, but tb are never out-talked. His J OPINIONS OF GREAT PAPERS ON IMPORTANT SUBJECTS Tho Rest Cure. K1 Kit work comes rest. When they Alternate perfectly a man may prepare to enjoy real hap piness. When they alternate perfectly a man will enjoy both the work and the rest that follows it. Nature Is a Just old lady. She seldom gives A a nun moie than he needs. If he elects to live a lasy life she lets tils muscles cet tl.nhhv and bis brain so Sleenv. She ; ncvor terilt him to long possess a faculty or a nerve or a , m,ei. or m.- tlmt lu. ,i0,., , xh(, wny lH k,.,,1, your lml. or your ,,, ,0 , .oln ,, u,t ,. )POtM). ,- wUu frr!(ll ,ln,Iy, Nn,,lri, , avslst.-d In this work by rest. One may ,.,m,m.,9 i,r ,,ki,. a ehinco In becomes a recreation re-creation. To live happily In this world It Is not enough to know how to work; a man must also know how to rest. The man who knows only how to work will soon wear out. If he doesu't wear out Immediately his work will aufferln some way. No man can do his nest wxira It with a little play or a little rest. A man who can't drop his work from lly as he can drop his tools from his hands had belter take a few weeks on to study the rest tiuestkn. His nerves are not what they should bo. If a man wishes to keep his nerve Pittsburg Dispatch. Education. ""J Dl'CATION Is good for who accept It simply ns .iitelloctu.il enlighten ment and as a means of !. ellectu.il pleasure. Hut education has an economical as well as .111 Intellectual aspect. It gives a man or worn- UJan nppetltrs as well a pleasures. It creates in the Individual a need and desire for brain work nnd a dls taste for manual labor. It nrotie a and social position that only wealth men and womn Into those few occupations which soclnl prejudice Io.it os open to educated persons. There Is no room In these professions for the crowd. Consequently, n multitude of the less competent among college graduates fall lu their work aud become dissatisfied. It would be well If the hlgliei education were confined to those only who through superloi powers of mind seem fitted for It and give promise of being nhle to employ It In the Intellectual professions. Every graduating class at every university contains a large percentage of students who barely pass the teste and who tude for Intellectual occupation. These the market with lofty Ideas and Insufficient ability to back them up. Education to them Is a curse Ing. It makes them take up work nt succeed, and despise and shun work them. Even If they tlnd out their mistake after leaving college. It Is commonly too late to mend. The years In which they might have been learning n trade or it business are gone. They cm dc everything in In particular: and the man that succeeds to-day Is the one who can do something In particular aud d It especially well. San Francisco llulletln forest Fires. -T- t .t I .l t.w . I ... T T .. 1 nient of Agriculture. In Its 0 that the annual loss from I UK H JjJ2.VO0O.iiOO. The probabilities are that the mm present year win snow reaching netirly or quite Last year, within two weeks, over timber and property was destroyed by forest tires lu the two States of Oregon and Washington alone. This year the loss from fires lu the Adirondack region reached cer tainly $10,000,000. and prolmbly much more. The Ilureau of Forestry has recently undertaken a thorough study of tin Are problem, hoping to show that these terrible losses nre not Inevitable. The whole country has beeu divided Into districts, and these have been assigned to Investigating FAMOUS WESTERN CHARACTER. "Calamity Jane," Noted Wnmsn fcout, Who Heceiitlr Died. "Calamity Jane" Is dead. She was a border character whose exploits have furnlhed material around which the novelist has woven Western ro mance. She Is said to have Inspired I) ret Harte to write his popular story, "The Luck of Itonrlng Camp." In which she Is alleged to have been the original of the character of Cherokee Sal. She bore the scars of a dozen bullets, received principally In encoun ters with the Indians. "Calamity Jane" was born In 1853 In Princeton, Mo. Her father, J. Can nary, went to the gold Holds of Mon tana In IK', nnd during the live months' trip overland his daughter, whoso name was Martha, became an expert rllle shot and a daring rider. In 1870 she donned tho attlro of a cowboy and Joined the forces of ticn erul Custer nB 11 scout. She was chris tened "Calamity Jano" by Captain Eugun, of tho United States Army, whoso life she saved by killing an In dian nt fiooso Creek, 8. D In 1872. Captain Eugiiu Informed her that she was a good person to huvo around In time of calamity and ho christened her "Calamity June, the hcrolno of the plains." During her career as scout "Calam ity Juuo" took part In muny engage ments with the Indians and figured lu a number of thrilling adventures. Sho fought In the campaign against tho Nez Perccs Indians lu 1873, ac companied General Crook to the Iilack "CALAMITY JANE." 'UJ libor. Labor thus unless lie alternate his mind as read let hi 111 avoid nerves, tiro of a sorely stop to It nil. and In- attended to. 110 nnd wear and tear, go on without him. any man or woman wish for InxurlesJ can bring. It drives abundant room for have no natural aptl are dumped upon Instead of a bless which they cannot for which Hod made general, but nothing ment In opposition funeral Ml end. stances. lo any goes! M rt.l C , .. T . ly objectionable, funeral servleei Hurt all of Forestry. forest tires Is above an exceptional loss double those llgures $12,000,000 worth of ington Post. Hills, where the Sioux were threaten ing. In 1S75. and was with Custer. Miles and Terry In the Illg Horn coun try In 1870. In this camiialgn she per formed the perilous feat of carrying dispatches through a hostile country. Exirosure brought on pneumonia nnd she was grunted n furlough, which un doubtedly saved her life, ns not long nfterwnrd occurred the Custer mas sacre on the Little Illg Horn. In 1878 she . wait honorably ills charged from the army and had since wandered from place to place In the West. She was married to Clinton rturk nt El Paso In 1881 nnd they had one daughter. Her husband died In lasq. "Calamity Jane's" death occur red In Dendwood. WHY THEY GROW OLD. Interests Are Ton Nnrrow Need for Jlrnn'l Activities. Women who grow old most quickly are those whose Interests are the nar rowest. Those who stay young longisi are those whose minds and spirits are fed by action and by changing Impris slons. Those who are youngest nt .10 are the most Intelligent. Climate help In the temperate zone, but that climate does little, without customs, Is shown In the face of the blighted American woman who at 2.1 looks older than In r fre-e and enlightened compatriot at -10. One of the reasons thnt iiinn has grown older later than woman Is that he has had n more free and active role to play. One of the reasons that married women were formerly the only ones who had a chance of escap ing early age was that when the un married passed n certain stage she was laid upon the shelf, mid the shelf Is a poor place for any human plant to retain Its sap nnd foliage. Another foreign visitor, this time an Italian, comes forward to congiatulale Amer ica on the happy aspects of her youth. Late mnrrlnge, which Is so often re gretted by conventional philosophers among us, seems to this Italian edu cator the result not only of a healthy sense of responsibility, but of the abil ity of our women to remain young longer than Is posslblo In some older nations. In this secret of extending woman's youth through some addi tional lusters, our foreign visitor finds the secret of our good fortune1. "Some lusters" Is n long time. It can hardly uie-nn less than fifteen years, nnd yet It does not seem exaggerated. Tills ex tension of woman's youth Is obtained partly by exercise and diet, but far more by widened opportunity, by work, by abundance of life. Tho wny to live long Is to live much, and one of tho wisest things young America has done Is to throw open the doors of opportunity and of lasting youth to womankind. Collier's Weekly. What has become of the old-fashioned woman who made marble cake? m 7- "TOD IfkScieiicel itgents. These ageuls will study the local dangers as well as general danger, and at the same time will co-operate with the Warden Systems of the Slates nnd the railroad protective systems. As soon as each section Is thoroughly studied, aud the problem well understood, the bureau will suggest forest-lire legislation requisite to the ease In hand. At the same time the bureau Is prepared to co operate with large owners of tree lauds to establish economic methods of forest cutting and forest growing. New York Independent. 11m Poco Hint Kills. CCOItDINt! to paragraphs that appear from time to time lu the papers, sometimes hacked up by more or less elaborate statistics, heart disease and paralysis ntv Increasingly preva lent and fatal. It Is not to be wondered nt. This Is a strenuous age, so strenuous that men are hurried along with lis rapid current at so torrtllc a speed and with sueli constant application to work Hint body and mind nre taxed beyond their powers of endur ance. Our grandfathers, nay, even our fathers, knew nothing of the stress of life as we feel It, who are engaged In Its dire struggle to day. No wonder that often the rup ture of an engorged blood vessel In the brain, or the fall taxisl valve In the In-art. suddenly puts a the man who thought that business must matter nt how great a cost of hurry finds smile duv thai liuslin-ss Ims In1 There arc physical sins as well as spiritual sins, and many men ruin their bodies, who would not dtxn in of doing damage to their souls. The plea of necessity Is not a valid one either, for no man Is compelled to sin against either his body or his soul. And yet. as wo said Just now. In this strenuous nge It Is no wonder that heart disease aud paralysis are on the Increase. Men rush and drop. Other men rush (Mist them n little farther -and drop In their turn. It would le better to slacken the pace, and hold out longer. We should get more done, and do It better. Christian (iuanllnn. Reforming funerals). HAT there Is great need of reform In funeral ceremonials Is undeniable. While It Is true that some of the costly excesses of earlier dnys, es pecially the endless procession of carriages that used to block street crossings and Interrupt all travel, have twen abandoned, there yet remains the hand of the Judicious reformer to work beneficently. This, at any rate. Is the opinion of the Atlanta Evangelical Ministers' Association, and that liody of clergymen Is trying to do work on the reform line. What they propose Is thus summarized: "That funeral sermons and orations lie discarded: that there be no eulogy of the dead, except In extraordinary cases; that there be less extravagance In the conduct of funerals; that the praetleo of wi-nrlng mourning be dis couraged: that no funeral services or burials bo conducted on the Sabbath except In cases of emergency, and that the removal of hats at the grave be discouraged. Not all of these recommendations will meet universal nc ceptnnce, but It would bo difficult to frame n strong argu to either of them. Except In rare In sermons ami orations" are not conducive Many of them are positively and serious There Is greater solemnity nnd dignity In that omit preaching. Extravagance In funerals ought to lie repressed, and the rich should set the example. It Is unseemly lo make a display of wealth on such an occasion. Only nn ancient custom can be pleaded In support of wearlug mourning. The Atlanta Constitution gives Its unqualified Indorsement to the entire program if the local clergy, and closes Its comments thereon with the remnrk thnt "what the world needs Is more Independence of precedent and more common sense In such matters. Tin-re Is no danger of a material, practical age declining to give death Its due In the matter of the last offices, but there Is every reason why nn nge that discard superfluities should tdopt a more sensible, consistent funeral program. Wash DOCTOR!""- PYTHON. The lllu Hunk, Nat lllle . tijcttvdt but II. Huruenu, Would Those who happenisl to be passing a weJ-kiiowu bird s.n.e the other iln might have wl,n.snl the uuiisiia. sight of 11 surgical operation performed on a large python, 11 huge make from the West Coast of A film. Mr. Snake so the dcnlcr stalls, had rub counter of a detached wire on the side of his 1 nge and cut a di-ep gah lu his fine head. This the denl.r set about doe torlng, ndiiili.slerlng n Inige nppll.-n-lion of llnlm of Peru, nn old r uuily um1 a grent deal by army nnd navy suigeoiis and iiiiiiiiul din.et for heal ing purposes. The pthou was not. however, III 11 humor for being opei 11 ted upon nnd tried to didgenud er.iwl nwny from the ptopiletor, who flnn.ly caught him, nnd then the (rouble be gan. The muscular nnd constrictive powers of these snakes Is surprising, and the denier hnd to cull several oth ers to his assistance before he could hold the set pent fast. Not once dur ing Ihe time the dealer was cutting 11 way the loose patches of skill and flesh fiom about tho wound aud put ting 011 Hie balm did he offer to bite-, although he tried hard to get his colls arvinid Hiom' who were "a-doctorlu' uv I1I111." Since Hie application of balm the wound has healed, and he is now a better Miake. A pet niiluiul mill bird store Is often the scene of peculiar iiccldeuts. This same denier, III addition lo his bird and animal business, conduct a bonrd Ing house for birds of nil sorts. When ever 11 lady enters with a parrot, ca uury, mocking bird or cardinal, which she does not en re to take along to the summer resort, she Is certain to nsk: "Now, Mr. Q., please don't put my hlrdle In en go No. l.'l; something will be sure to happen to blm If you do." The dealer hud no faith In the No. 1.1 superstition, but to humor his patrons always consented, so that for soniu time past cage No. 13 has remained empty. Several Hays ago, however, tho cages became soiiie'what congested, and to make loom ho placed 0119 of his own en miry birds lu Ihe unlucky cage. '1 lie bird nppenrcd to be in good health nt the time, but he died he'foro morning, since which event the denier has been somewhat less skeptical about No, 13. Her Envy Wns Natural. "Why do you dlallko that Hlckcrford girl no thoroughly'" "Well, It's because, her hair Is cur ly." "So. Is yours." 'Uut hcr's curls naturally." Clove land Plain Dealer. Aftor all, happiness Isn't a question of riches, plo, a good complexion, or lore and power, but of contoutnient. Certain spiders sail lu airships made of silken threads, nnd now 1111 Insect that trim-Is lu hnllooiis has been 10 ported by two American naturalists. Small hnllooiis, a quarter of an Inch long mid composed of tiny bubbles, having been observed, It was found that eaeli carried a lly (genus Umpls), resembling the hornet fly, with a dead lly. supposed lo be food. As tho mules also attract females by the balloons, Henri Coiiplu suggests further study. Easily fusible alloys for cast of leaves, fruits. Insects, etc., must con tain cadmium, according to a tlermnn authority, to preserve the articles from Injury. Hueli nn alloy Is Wood's metal, which consists of two pnits of tin, four of lend, seven to eight of bis muth, ami one to two of cadmium, nnd which fuses between (Ml and Til degrees t l.lpowlts's metal, which softens at to degrees P., and becomes perfectly lliUld nt till degrees, consists of four parts of tin, eight parts of lead, llfteeii of bismuth and three of cad mium. Dr. V. W. Keen, In his presidential address before tho Congress of Amerl can Physicians and Surgeons In Wash lugtoii on May l-tli, remarked upon "the Immense advnutnges of a good hospital over the most luxurious homes" for the cure of Hie sick. The poorest patient In a hospital, he said Is better cured for, and his case Is more carefully Investigated by baeterlologl cal, chemical and ellnlcnl methods, than are the well to-do In their own homes. In many Instances lives tha would be lost In homes nre spved lu hospitals, where the many and com plex modern appliances for every sur glen I emergency are provided. Experiments recently made on Erie rnllrond ferryboats between New lurk nnd Jsrscy City have shown the prac ticability of transmitting speech by wireless telephone from one moving IhiiU to another. Enrh Imnt carried li Its pilot bouse a telephone connected with nerlal antennae carried on the flagpole, and with copper plates dip ped In the water. Messages were ills tluctly heard between boats passing at a distance of M feet. A. F. Collins, the Inventor, believes the range can be extended to thousands of feet; but 110 great range Is alined at because the special purpose Is to furnish river and hartxir craft with a menus of quick Intercommunication for prevent lug collisions. Not only natural productions but sometimes manufaetiires nre tnrgely dependent iion peeiillnrltles of ell mate, and are consequently almost con lined to particular purls of the earth. A" example In .lnt Is furnished by I ' n.nnufnrture of anhydrous paper. wklch forms the best dielectric for 1111 dergroiind telephone cables. This pa per was formerly made In England but experience has demonstrated that to obtain the best results Ihe paper must be manufactured In n drier nt Unisphere tlmu Hint of the llrltlsh Isles. Accordingly this Industry has forged abend In Amerle-n. and Ims fall en Into disuse In Euglniid, nltlioiigh the use of anhydrous paper there Is very extensive. HOW DANK NOTE8 ARE MADE. Ilrlalla of th Intrlcsle Process (luanl to Prevent Counterfeiting. First lu consideration In making a bank note is to prevent others from making n counterfeit of It. snys Ihe New York Herald. Therefore, nil the notes of n certain denomination or value must be exact duplicates of one another. If the-y were engraved by hand this would not be the case. Hand engraving Is more easily coutttcrfe'ltcd than the work done by the process ac tually used. "Every note," said an of ficial of one of the leading bank nolo companies, "la printed from a steel plate. In the preparation of which many persons take part. If you will look at a 3 greenback you will see n picture In the center, n smnll portrait, culled n vignette, 011 the left, anil In each of the upper corners a network of line lines with a dark ground, one con taining the letter and the other the figure ft. To uiHke a vignette It Is first uecessnry to make a large drawing on paper with great care, nnd 11 dnguorro type Is then given to the engraver, who uses n steel point to makn on It tho out lines of the picture. The plato la Inked and a print Is taken of It. "While the Ink la still damp the print Is laid down on n steel plnte, which has been softened by hentlng It redhot and letting It cool slowly. It Is then put In n press and an exact copy of the outlines Is thus uindo on the steel plate. This the engraver finishes with his graver. 11 little tool with a thre'e-corncred point, which cuts a rle-an Hue, leaving; no rough edge. Now, this plnte Is used to print from. It must be mnilo very hard, and this Is done by hentlng and cooling quickly. A little roller of softened steel Is then rolled over It by a powerful machine until Its surface has beeu furred Into all the Hues cut Into the plate. The outlines of the vignette nro thus trans ferred to the roller In raised lines, mid after the roller Is hardened It Is used to roll 01 er plates of softened steel, nnd thus mil lies In them sunken lines exactly llko those lu tho pin ro original ly engraved. The center picture Is en graved and transferred to n roller, llko the vignette, but tho network In the upper corners and also on the back of tho unto Is uindo by n lathe. This machine costs fn.OiMl n price Hint puts It twyuiid the reach of counterfeiters. Its work Is so perfect that It cannot be Imitated by hand. The In I he en graves the network 011 softened steel, and the figure lu the middle Is then en graved by hniiil. It Is now hardened mid transferred to 11 roller like the oth ers. "Tho plates from which notes nre to bo printed nre of softened steel and largo enough to print four miles at once, f our engravings of tho note must, therefore, be made on It, mid this Is douo by rolling the hardened sleel rollers contnlnlug tho raised pictures over It In their appropri ate places uutll tho pictures ure pressed Into Its surfnee. The film lettering nround (he borders of llm pole Is transferred lu tho same wny, but tho older lettering Is iul on by bund. This process saves 11 good deal of lime and It secures absolute mil fortuity In the four engravings on llm plate. Tho back purls of Hie nolo are printed llrsl, and when Hie Ink Is dry the green buck Is printed, to be fol lowed by the red stamps nnd number. It Is then signed and Issued. For great er security one part of the note I en graved and printed nt one place nml another part nt mini her place, when It Is sent to Washington lo be lllilshed nnd signed. Hut. needle to sny, after all this care and nil these safeguards, niany skillfully executed coiinlerfelts huvo 1 11 made ami Issued, some of them so good as to deceive expert Judges of money." IN THE DEPTHS OF THE EARTH. MclelllUI Snaussls I'.atslill.lntitnt ef rmlilerrsnesn tlliservstiirles. A proposal to Install several hundred subterranean observatories nt depths of anywhere from n few hundred yards to a mllo or so tuny appear sufficiently slnrtllng. It cease to be so, however, when we learn that the observers themselves are lo be 011 the earth' sur face; It I only their Instrument that It Is proposed to place so far under ground, mid these may be lowered Into borings such ns are now made for 11 r teslnn wells. The principal measure ments would tn of leuiperaliiru; but It Is claimed by M. A. Lnlsant. who ad tocules the plnii, Hint Its result would add greatly to our knowledge of the earth's crust aud II phenomena, both normal and nhuoriiiiil. M. Lalsaut sets forth his plan In La Unison, ns follows. "While nstroiiouilenl Instruments In volvo considerable expense on account of their high precision, the apparatus lu use for meteorological observations cost much less, and this would nli be true for those Hint would be em ployed In subterranean observation It would be sufficient to sink at n certain number of properly chosen point hole In the snme manner ns nrteslan wells, or, still better. In the way that Is used In America to bore ror petroleum. The depth would be more or less con siderable, according to the region mid thw nature of the geological strain, It should be governed by data known lo science, but should In general ha as great a possible. It would probably not be chimerical to think of renrhlng n depth of several kilometers In some places, while In others a few hundred meters might stifne-e. "A to the locations of the borings nnd their number, here. too. the geol ogists can furnish Ihe necessary In dlcntloiis. Deep Isirlnga while In course of making will give Interesting geo logical Information, since tbi'y will fur nish continuously specimen of the strata traversed, which tuny be studied nnd analyzed. When the boring Ims once been tltilshcd It will be easy to In troduce Into It measuring npparalus, mid especially thermometers Tho study of the pressure at these great depths, that of the composition of tho gases Hint are encountered, the elec tric and magnetic state of the me dium and oilier eleiiirnt will possess equally great Interest. With the regis tering apparatus now nt our disposal most of thu Indications mentioned will Ik' easy to obtain when the Installa tion has once been made without tho necessity of displacing the Instru ments, "When a large part of Ihe surfnee of the globe has thus been covered with subterranean observatories properly lo cated, the systematic centralization of the observations ami dally exchanges of them will soon furnish mi liiipsii tmit contribution to terrestrial physics, and we shall see that there Is a necessary correlation between the variations of temperature, pressure, etc., nt the dif ferent spots nnd nlso between these va riations and certain exterior pheuoui- na." JOURNEY OF LAFAYETTE. Letters of Ills r-oil Describe 1'aniolls Trip Tlirmik-li linllrd Htatrs. In I.tpplucott'n there nre some en tertaining letters written by n son of (Jen. Ijifuyetto while traveling In Urn United States with his father. These letters have never before been pub lished. "Wo have already spent twenty days til the United States," says tho son. and this Is the first leisure I have had for writing you n line; even as It Is, I am not sure of being able to dis patch my letter. The Stephanie, whoso captain Is one of our friends, la to sail from New York for Ilnvro to-day, and will take our letters. If only we can arrive In time. Ever since we have been hero my father has been the hero, mid we Hid spectators, of ihe most Imposing, beau tiful mid alTectlug sights, I he most miijestlc population In the world wel- coming a mini with common aceord and conducting him In Irlumm, throughout 11 Journey of 200 leagues. vwiiuou wept with Joy on seeing him mid children rlskul being crushed In get near to the man whom ihelr fath ers kept pointing out to them as 0110 of those who had contributed Ihe most to procuring them their happiness and Independence. This Is what It haa been reserved for us to see. I am knocked off my feet excuse the ex- presslon-by the emotions of all kinds l experience. I won't enter Into do- talls; you know me, mid I do not sup isiso thnt, nmldst ,lhe exclleiuent of n happy people's rejoicings ami shar ing in tut' extraordinary gratitude with which my father Is overwhelm- d, I shall forget at nny time Hiosn who have n claim 011 all Ihe seutl menls which my heart Is capable of feeling. Hod grant that I may alwuyi njoy 1110 necessary strength to dls barge the whole of my dullf-i. n,.t since being hero 1 have not slcpl morn tliaii four or 11 vo hours ouch nKjt J" Tlioro A10 Other. Mrs. Wise (reading)! seo by this that the Emperor of Japan has leu men o carry his umbrella. Mr. Wise That's nollilng, 1 wcuty men have curried inluo 11,,. rult Free Press. "You enn't blnino tho father of twins," said n man to-day, "for beconi. lug desperate."