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About The Oregon scout. (Union, Union County, Or.) 188?-1918 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 18, 1886)
It of nn enactment, under which relief mny e clttimi'd ns a right, and Unit such relief liould he granted under the sanction or law, lot in evasion of It: tior should such worthy bleets or cure, all equally entitled, he re mitted to tho unequal operation of synipu Jiy, or the tender mercies of social and no Itlcal Intluence with their unjust dlserlml tnllons. The discharged soldiers and sailors it thecountrv are our fellow-cltlrens, anil In crested with us in the passage and faithful ixecution of wholesome law. They cannot e swerved from their duty of citizenship by rt fill appeals to their spirit of brotherhood, inrn or common peril and sud'erln;: nor will ..v exact as a test or devotion to their vvoi aren willingness to neglect public duty lu Uielr behalf. PATKNT Ol'FKK. t Sflf-Sopportlng Institution, With Intrradng Ilushies. On the 4th of March, 1MT, the current busi ness of the Patent Olllco was. on an average, Ivo and cue-half mouths behind. At the lose of the last llscal year such current work ivns but three months In arrears, and it is as icrted and believed that lu the next few ainnths the delay In obtaining and exam 'nine an application Tor a patent will be but aimiinul. Tho number of applications for jatents during the last fiscal year. Including re-issues, designs trade-marks and labels, minis 40.G7S, which Is considerably In excess or the number received during tho preceding rear. The receipts of the patent olllce during ihe year aggregate Sl.-ViO.ltir.SO, enabling the mice to turn into the Treasury, over nd above all expenditures, about Slti,T01.7J. The number of patents granted during the last llscal year, Including reissues of trade uiui;, designs and labels, was 2.'.(il9 a num tier also quite largely In excess of that or any preceding year. The report or the Comnils tloncr shows the olllce to be In a prosperous onditlon and constantly Increasing in its tmsiuess. No Increase of force is asked for. The amount estimated for tho year ending Juncno.lS.S7, was StttyMW. Tho amount est! aiuted for tho llscal year ending June 30, 1SJS3, is STTS.TTO. SUi:SlI)IZKI) 1I0.VDS. Pit fiovcrnmcnt a Creditor the Sole JIattfr to bo Considered. The Secretary of the Interior suggests a -liango In tho plan for the payment of the In debtedness of tho l'ucltle subsidized roads to ho Government. Ills suggestion has tho jnanimous endorsement of the persons se lected by tho Government to act as directors of these roads and protect the Interests of tho t'nlted States In the board of direction. In considering the plan proposed the solo mat ters which should he taken into account, in. .my opinion, are the situation or the Govem-.aicntn-s a creditor and the surest way to se--ure the pavment of tho principal and Inter fst. of Its debt, lly a recent decision or the Supreme Court oi tho 1'nlted States It has been adjudged that the laws of the several Slates arc Inoperativo to regulato rates of transportation upon railroads If such reguln :lon interferes with tho rate of currluga lrom 3to State into another. This Important Held 91" control and regulation having been thus lert entirely unoccupied, tho expediency of Federal action upon the subject is worthy of consideration. I.AII0K AXI) CAPITA li. In Advocacy of Harmony And Depreciation of DM ur bunco. The relations of labor and capital and of la boring men to their employers are of tho ut most concern to every patriotic citizen. When theso are strained and distorted, un lustltlable claims are apt to bo insisted upon ov both interests, and In tho controversy which results tho welfare of all and the pios perlty of tlio country arc Jeopardized. Any intervention of tho general Governmont, within the limits of its constitutional author ity, to avert nueh a condition, should be will ingly accorded. In a special messago trans muted to tin Congress, at its last session, I mggcsted the enlargement of our present labor bureau and adding to its present functions tho power of arbitra tion In eases whero dill rences ansa between employes and employers. When these differences reach to such a stage hk to result In the Interruption of commerce between States.the application of this remedy bv tho general Government might be regard ed as entirely within its constitutional pow ers, and I think we might reasonably hope that such arbitration, if carefully selected, and if entitled to the eonllileneo of tho par ties to bo iitl'ected, would bo voluntarllycalied to tho settlement of tho controversy of less extent, and not necessarily within tho do main of tho Federal regulation. I am of tho opinion that this suggestion is worthy the at tention of tho Pongress. Hut alter all has been done by tho passage, of laws either 1-ed-cral or State, to relieve a situation full of so licitude, much more remains to be aceoniiv IMied by tho reinstatement and cultivation of a true American sentiment, which recog nizes tho equality of American citizenship. This, in the light of our traditions and in lovaltv to the spirit of our institutions, would teach that a hearty eo-opcratlon on tho part of all Interests is the surest path to national greatness, and the happiness of oil our peo ple, that capital should, In recognition of tho brotherhood or our citizenship anil in a spirit of American fairness, generously accord to labor its lust compensation and considera tion and that contented labor Is capital's best protection and faithful ally. It would teach, too, tho diverse- situation of our people as In separable from our civilization, that every citizen should in his sphere bo a contributor to the general good; that capital does not necessarily tend to tho oppression of labor; and that violent disturbances and disunions alienate from the promters truo American sympathy aud kindly feeling. DKPAKTMKXT OK AtiltllTI.TCIt refulnessor tlio Serilre Sugspstlons Touching Plcuro-l'iii'iiiiionla. Tho Department of Agriculture, represent ing the oldest and largest of our national In dustries, K subserving well tho purposes of Its organization, lly tlio Introduction of new Mtbjccts of farming enterprise, and by open ing now sources of agricultural wcalth,-and tho dissemination of early Information con cerning production nnd prices, It has con tributed largely to tho country's prosperity. Through this agency, advanced thought and Investigation touching the subjects It has In charge, should among other things, bo prac tically applied to the homo production at a low cost of nrtlcles altered, which tiro now Imported from abroad. Such an Innovation will necessarily, of course, In tho beginning be within tho domain of intelligent experi ments, and the subject lu every singe should receive all possiblo encouragement from tho Government.Tholntcrestsof millions engaged In agriculture uro Involved In improvement if results of their labor and a zealous regard tor their welfare should bo a willing trlbuto for thoso whoso productlvo returns aro u main sourco of our progress nnd power. Tho existence of plcuro-pnoumonhi has led to bur densome and, in some eases.dlsastrous effects In an important branch of Industry, and af fect tho quantity and quality of our food supply. This is a matter of such Importance nnd of such far-reaching consequences, that I hope it will engago tho serious attention of the Congress, to tho end that such a remedy may be applied as to tlio limits of a constitu tional delegation of powerto tho general Gov ernment will permit. I commend to tho con sideration of the Congress tlio rcort of tho commissioner mid his suggestions concern ing the Interests entrusted to his care. CIV1I. SKUV1CK. A Tie For Consideration by Congress and For Popular KTor. The continued operation of the law relating to our Civil service has added to tho most convincing proofs or Its necessity nnd useful ness. Ills u fact worthy of noto Hint every public olllcer who has a just Idea of his duty xo tho people, testifies to tlio value of this re form. Its staunchest friends ure found among thoso who understand It best, and Its wnrm ot supporters aro those who ore restrained and protected by Its requirements. Tho meaning of such restraint and protection Is not appreciated by those who want places un der the Government, regardless of merit and clllclency, nor by those who Insist that the election for such places should rest uon a proper credential, showing active partisan work. It Is exceedingly strange that the scopo and nature of this rerorm aro so little understood, nnd that so many things not In cluded within its plan are called by Its name. When Civil Service yields more iully tfl examination, the system will have largo additions to tho number or lis friends. Our civil service reform maybe Imperfect In some of its deluils; It may be misunderstood and opposed; It may not al ways be faithfully applied. Its designs may sometimes tnlseurry through mistake or languish under the misguided zeal or Im practicable friends, if tin, jkmioIo of this ouuntry ever submit to the baiiUliinent of Its underlying principle from tho oiieratlon of their Government, they will nbandon the m lent guarantee of the safety and success of American institutions. I Invoke for this re form the cheerful and ungrudging supiiort of the tVingn-ss. I renew iny iccoinmeiidatlon made last year Unit the commissioner be mude equal tootherofHeer of tho Government having Ilk- duties anil resiMiiulbllltlf, und I liope tUttt such reasonable appropriation may be made ns wilt enable them to Increase tho usefulness of the cause they have charge of. FltKKIUlAYS HANK. The Payment of Its Liabilities AdiNed In Equity ami i airness. I desire to call the nttcutlon of the Congress i toiiplnln duty which the Government owes I to the dejiosltors In the Freedninn Savings ! and Trust company. This company was ' chartered by the Congress for the benefit or me most illiterate nnu numuie oi our people, and with the intention of encouraging in them industry and thrift. Most or Its branches were presided over by officers hold ing the commissions, nnd clothed In the uni form of the United States. These and other circumstances reasonably, I think, led theso simple people to suppose that the Invitation to deposit their hard-earned savings lu this Institution implied nn understanding on the part of their Government that their money should bo safely kept for them. When this company failed It was liable in the sum of K,ni9.IUi.!, to (11,131 depositors. Dividends nmnuntlng In the aggregate to (S! per cent have been declared, aud the sum called for nnd paid of such dividends seems to beSl,-UlS,lsi.r-!. This sum deducted from the entire amount or deposits leaves 5t,ll,Tll.,VJ still unpaid. Past experience has shown that quite a largo part of this sum will not be called ror. There are assets still on hnnd amounting to the estimated sum or $10,000. I think tho remaining ;1S per cent or such or these dc)oslt.s ns have claimants should be paid by the Government upon principles of equity and fairness. The report of tlio com mission soon to be laid beroro Congress will give more satisfactory details on this subject. THE FlSHKltlKS qiKSTlOX. Xegollatlons Still Pending lieasonable Hope ol Speed) Conclusion. A convention between tho United States nnd certain other powers for the protection of sub-marine cables was signed at Pnrls on March I, 1881, nnd has been duly nit Med and proclaimed by this government. Hy agree ment between the high contracting parties this convention is to go into elleet the 1st of Jnnunry next, but the legislation required for Its execution In the United states has not yet been adopted. I earnestly recommend Its enactment. Cases have continued to oc cur In Germany giving rise to much corres pondence In relation to tho privilege of so journ of our naturalized citizens of German origin rovlsltlng the land kc their birth, yet I am happy to stato that our relations with flint country have lost none or their nccustomcd cordiality. The claims for Interest upon the amount of ton nago dues. Illegally exacted from eertnln Germnn steamship lines, were favorably re ported In both Houses of Congress at their last session, and 1 trust will receive lltiiil and favorable action at an early day. The recom mendation considered In my lust annual messago In relation to a mode of .settlement or the fishery rights In the waters of British North America, so long a subject of anxious inference between the United States and Great Hrltnln, was met by an adverse vote of the Senate April lath last, and thereupon ne gotiations were instituted to obtain an agree ment with Her Ilrltannic Majesty's govern ment for tho promulgation of such Joint Inter pretation and definition of the article of tho convention of 1S78, relating to the terri torial waters nnd Inshore fisheries of tlio llrltish provinces, as should secure the Cana dian rights from encroachment by United States fishermen, nnd, at the samo time, in sure the enjoyment by the latter of the priv ileges guaranteed to them by such conven tion. Tho questions Involved aro of long standing, oi grave consequence, nnd from time to time Tor nearly three-quarters or a cen tury have given rlso to earnest International discourses, not unaccompanied by irritation. Temporary arrangements Tiy treaties have served to allay friction, which, however, has revived as each treaty was terminated. Tho last nrningcmcnt, under the treaty of 1S71 was obrogatod.al'ter due notice, by tho United States June SO, 18S3, but I was enabled to ob tain for our fishermen for the remainder of that season, enjoyment of the privileges ne corded by the terinlnatlngtreaty. Tho Joint commission by whom tho treaty had been negotiated, although invested with plenary power to make permanent establish ment were content with temporary arrangements, after the termination of which the question was relegated to the stipulations of the treaty of ISIS, as to tho first article of which no construction satisfactory to both countries has ever been agreed upon. Tho progress of civilization and the growth of imputation In the llrltish Provinces, to which the fisheries In question are contiguous, and the expansion of commercial Intercourse be tween them and the United States, present today a condition of iilliilrs scarcely realiza ble at thedntoof thenegotliitlonsoliSlH. New nnd vast Interests have been brought Into ex istence. Modes of intercou.ise between the respective countries have been Invented and multiplied, the, methods of conducting tho fisheries have been wholly changed; and all this Is necessarily entitled to candid and careful consideration In tho iidjustment of the terms and conditions of Intercourse and commerce between the United States and their neighbors along a frontier of over .V0i) miles. This propinquity of community, language aud occupation, and similarity of political and social Institutions. Indicate tho practicability and obvious wisdom of maintaining mutually benclleliil and friend ly relations. Whilst I am unfelgnedly desir ous thut such relations should exist between us and the Inhabitants of Canada, yet the ac tion of their olllclals during tho pust-sousou toward our fishermen has been such as to se riously threaten thelrcoutlnuance. Although disappointed in my ell'orls to secure a satis factory settlement of the fishery question, negotiations aro still pending, with reasona ble hope that before the close of tho present session or Congress advancement may bo made nnd Hint an acceptable conclusion has been reached. At an early day there may bo laid before Congress the correspondence of the Department of Stato In relation to this Important subject, so that the history of tho past llshing season may bo fully dis closed, and tho action and tho attitude or tho administration clearly comprehended. More extended reference Is not deemed necessary In this communication. Tho recommendation, submitted hwt year, that provision bo inailo for a preliminary recoil nolsanco of the conventional boundary lino between Alaska and llrltish Columbia Is re newed. HAWAII" AXI JAPAX. The Desirability or Intimacy With Tliem-I.lbe-rla's Ilelattons. I express my unhesitating conviction Hint the Intimacy of our relations with Hawaii should bo emphasized. As a result of tho re ciprocity treaty or 1875 theso Islands, on the highway or Oriental and Australian triiflle, are virtuully an outpost of American com merco and a stepping stone, to tho growing trado of tlio l'ucltle. The Polynesian Island groups huvo been so absorbed by other und moro powerful governments that tho Hn wullan islands ure let t almost ulono In the en joyment or their autonomy which It is im IMirtunt for us should bo preserved. Our treaty is now terminable on one year's notice, but propositions to abrogate It would bo in my Judgment most ill-advised. I ho paramount influence wo have thcroao- 3 ulred, onco relinquished, could only with illlculty be regained, and a valuable coign ol untagofor ourselves might boconverted into a stronghold for our commercial compot itoiv. ijlrstly recommend that tho existing tre.uv tlpulatlons be extended for u further tei ni ofseven years. A icccntiy Higned treaty to tins cud Is now beroro the senate. Tho tin Tr('j,nn of ulegru phlc Miuiiriii'i leal Ion be tween these islands and the United States should not bo overlooked. The question of a gcncrnl revision of the treaties of Jupan Is again under discussion at Toklo. As the first to open relations with that empire and ns the nation in most direct commercial relation with Japan, the United States have lost no opportunity to testify thelrconslstent friendship by supporting the Just claims of Japan to autonomy and Inde pendence among nutlons. A treaty of extra dition between tho United States and Japan, the first concluded by that empire, has been lately proclaimed. . . -A The weakness of I.Iberia and the difficulty of inalntalng ellectlve sovereignty over Its outlying districts have exposed that llcpub llo to encroachments. It cannot bo forgotten that this distant community Is an oll'-shoot of our own system, owing Its origin to the asso ciated benevoleiico of American citizens, whose praiseworthy elforts to creatoa nu cleus of civilization in the Dark Continent have commanded respect and sympathy else where, especially in this country. Although it formal protectorate over I.lberln Is contrary to our traditional iMilicy, tho moral right nnd duty of the United Stutes to assist in all proper maintenance of Its integrity Is obvious, und has been consistently announced during nearly hulfu century. I recommend that in the reorganization ofournavy.usiiuill vessel, no longer found adequate to our needs, he presented to Liberia, to be employed by It Inline protection of its coastwise revenues. MKXR'AX MATTKHS. Ilenenal f Former Suji?eUon The Case of Kdh tor Cutting-. The encouraging development of beneficial andjntlmuto relation between the United HtatM und .Mxlco.whlch has been so inurked within the pust few years, is at once the occa sion of congratulation uud of friendlj solid- I lude. 1 urgently renew my former represen tation of the need of speedy leglslstion by Congress to carry Into ctl'ect the reciprocity commercial on vent Ion or Jan. Jo, ISM. Gur commercial tteuty of 1SU with Mexico was terminated, according to Its provisions, lu ISM, Ufsjli notlllentliin given by Mexico In pursuance or her announced Kllcy of recast ing all her commercial treaties. Mexico ho. since concluded with several foreign govern ments new treaties of commerce aud naviga tion defining alien rights of trade, property und residence, treatment of shipping, con sular privileges, and the like. Our yet unexecuted reciprocity conven tion of KS.1 covers none of these points, tho settlement or vv hleh is so neces sary to good relationship. I priqtose to Initiate with Mexico negotiations for a new and enlarged treaty of commerce aud navigation. In compliance with it resin lutlon of the Senate, 1 communicated to that body on Aug. 'i last, and also to the House of Representatives, the correspondence In the case of A. K. Cutting, an American cltlr.cn then Imprisoned In Mexico, charged with tip commllon or u penal oll'ense in Texas, oi which a Mexican citizen was tho object. After demand had been made for his release, tlio charge ugatiist him was amended so as to Include a violation of Mexican law within Mexican territory. This Joinder of alleged otlenscs, one within and the other exterior lo Mexico, Induced mo to order u special In vestigation of the case, pending which Mr. Cutting was released. The Incident has, how ever, dlscloseduelttlmnf Jurisdiction by Mex ico novel In our history, whereby any oll'ense. committed anywhere by a foreigner, penal in tho place of its commission, and of which Mexico Is the object, may, IT the offender be found In .Mexico, be there tried, and punished in conformity with Mexican laws. Jurisdiction was sustained by courts ol Mexico In the Cutting case and approved bv the executive branch of that government, .ipon the authority of a Mexican statute. The appellate court In releasing Mr. Cutting de cided that the abandonment of the complaint by tho Mexican citizens aggrieved by the al leged ci line (a libelous publication! removed the basis of rurthcr prosecution and al-o de clared justice to have been satlslled by tho enforcement of u small part of the original sentence. The admlssloiiofsueh a pretension would be attended vv ll It serious results. Inv a sive of the Jurisdiction or this Government and hignlv dangerous to our citizens In for eign hunts. Therefore, I have denied It and protested against ltsattcinptede.xerclsoiis un warranted by t ho principles of law and Inter national usages. A sovereign has Jurisdiction of olleiises which take ell'ect within his ter ritory although concerted or commenced out side of It, but tho right Is denied or any foreign sovereign tu punish ii citizen of tho United states lor an oll'ense consummated on our soil 'n violation or our laws, even though the of fense bo against a subiect or citizen of such sovereign. The -Mexican statute lu question makes the claim broadly, and the principle, If conceded, would create a dual responsibil ity in the citizen and lead ton confusion de structive or that certainly In the law which is an essential of liberty. When citizens of tho United States voluntarily go Into a foreign country, they must abldo by tho laws there in force and will not be protected by then own Government from the consequences of vn oll'onso against those laws committed In such foreign country; but tho watchful care and Interest of this Government over its citizens aie not relinquished because they have gone abroad, and If charged with crime committed In the foreign hinds, a fair and open trial, conducted with decent regard for Justice and humanity, will be demnndiid ."ji-thcm. With less than thut this Govern ment will not be content when tho life or liberty or Its citizens Is at stoke, whatever tho degree to which extra territorial crim inal Jurisdiction may hove been formerly al lowed by consent and reciprocal agreement among certain of tho F.uropeiin states. No such doctrine or practice was ever known to the laws of this country or of that from which our Institutions have mainly been derived. In the ease of Mexico there are reasons espec ially strong .or harmony in the mutual exer cise of jurisdiction. Nature has nuido us irrev ocably neighbors, and wisdom and kind reeling should make us friends. Tho over flow of capital and enterprise from tho United Slates Is a potent factor in as-sistlug the development of the resources of Mexico and in building up the prosperity of both countries. To assist this good work all grounds of apprehension for the security of person and property should ho removed, i;nd I trust that In the Interests or good neigh borhood I lie statu vo referred to will boso modi tied ns to eliminate the present possibilities of danger to the peace of the two countries. oniDit i:i:i,nio.s. The Netherlands, Persia, Peru, Itussla nnd Samoa. Tlio government or the Netherlands has exhibited concern In relation to certain fea tures of our tarill' laws, which are supposed bv them to bo alined at a class of tobacco pro duced In Ihe Fust Indies. Comment would seem unnecessary upon the unwisdom of legislation appearing lo have a special na Monal discrimination for Its object, which, although unintentional, may give rlso to In jurious relations. The establishment, less thnn four years ago, ofa legation at Teheran is bearing fruit In tho Interest exhibited by the Shah's govern ment In the industrial aeliv ity of the United Stoles and tho opportunities of beneficial in terchanges. Stable government Is now happily restored In Peru by tho election ol a Constitutional President, nnd u period ot rehabilitation Is entered upon, but recovery Is necessarily slow lrom the exhaustion caused by the lute war and civil disturbances. A convention to adjust, by arbitration, claims of our citizens has been promised aud Is under considera tion The naval ofllcer who bore In Siberia the testimonials bestowed by Congress In recog nition of the old given to tho .Icannctto sur vivors has accomplished his mission. Ills Interesting' report will bo submitted. It Is pleasant to know that this mark of apprecia tion has been welcomed by tho Kussliui gov ernment and people as befits the traditional friendship of the two countries. Civil perturbations In tlioSuiiiP".ti Isles has, during the past few years, been a source ol considerable embarrassment to the three gov ernmentsGermany, Great Itrltaln and tho United Stales whoso relations and extra ter ritorial rights in that Important, group nro guaranteed by treaties, Tho weakness of tho natlvo administration, and tho conflict of op posing Interests In the Islands, have led King Mulltcoo to soekrtlllunceor protection In some one quarter, regardless of the distinct engage ments whereby no one of tho three treuty powers may acquire any paramount or ex clusive Interest. In May last Malltcou oll'eied to place Samoa under tho protection of 'tho United States, and the late consul, without authority, assumed to grant It. Tho proceed ing was promptly disavowed, nnd the over zealous ofllcl.it recalled. Special agents ol the three governments have been deputed to examine tho situation In tho Islands, with a change In tho representation of all three powers and u harmonious under standing between them. Tho peace, prosper ity, autonomous administration and neutral ity of Humoa can hardly fall to bo secured. T1IK I'hWl IX SPAIX. History of the lieeent Proclamation Concerning Spanish Dulles. It appearing that tho government of Spain did not extend to the flag of tho United States In tho Antilles the wholo measure ol reciprocity requlslto undt r our stututo tor tho continuance of the suspension of dis criminations against tlio Spanish lla'' In our ports, I was constrained in October last to rescind my prede cessor's proclamation of Feb. It, 1881, permit ting such suspension. An arrangement was, however, speedily rcachfil, and, upon notlll cation from tho government of Spain that all differential treatment of our vessels und their cargoes from tho United States or from any foreign country hod been completely and ab solutely rcliiiquhhcd, I availed myself of tlio discretion conferred by luw, und Issued, on tho l!7tli of October, my pri-clamatlon declaring reciprocal suspension In the United States, It Is most gratifying to bear testimony to the earnest spirit In which the government or tho Queen Itcgent lias met our efforts to avert tho Initiation of com inerclal discriminations which ure ever dis astrous to the material interests and tho polit ical good will of the countries they ullecl. The profitable development of tho largo commer cial exchanges between the United States and theSpanlsh Antilles Is naturally un object ol solicitude. Lying close at our doors nnd find lug here their main markets of supply and demand, the welfare of Cuba and Porto Klco antl their prouuciions unu trauo uro scarcely less Important to us than to Spain. Their ' commercial and flnanelul moves ure so nat urally a purt orour system that no obstacle to fuller, freer Intercourse should bo permitted to exist. The standing Instructions ol our representatives at Madrid and Havana liuve for years been to leave no effort it uessuyed to further these ends, and at no time has the equal good desire of Spain been honofullv manifested than now. The government of Spain, thus removing the con sular tonnage fees in cargoes shipped to the Antilles una by reducing passport fees, has shown Its recognition of the needs of less trammeled Intereouise. An effort has been mude during the past year to remove the hin drances to the proclamation of tho treaty of naturalization wiiu me miuiiiuu t unc, igii-.-u lu 171, which has remained Inoperative ow ing to a disagreement of Interpretation of the j clauses relative to the clfccU of thy return to ind sojourn ot a naturalised cltlnrti In the and or his origin. 1 trust soon to be able to tnnouuee u favorable settlement of tin? differ mces as lo the Interpretation. It has been highly sutl-l'oclory to note the improved treatment of Aniciicnn missionaries in Turkey, us has been itteMed by their acknowledgements to ur late Minister lo that government of his uiocessl'ul exertions In their behalf. The exchange of ratification of t lie conven tion ofDir. IS-Vi. wllh Venezuela, for the re spelling of the awards of theCurucas commis ilon under the claims-convention of ls-xl has aot vet been ellW'led, owing h Ihe delay of (be executive of that ltepublle In ratltjlng .he measure. I trust that this postponement nill be brief, but should it much longer coti ;lnue, the deloy may well be regarded us a rescission of the compact and a failure on tho crnrt of Vcnzuelo to complete on arrangement to persistently sought by her dining many rears and assented toby this Government in t spirit of International rolruess, although to :he detriment of liohlersofbona tide awards of .he Impugned commission. 1 renew tho recom mendation of my lust annual message, that ?lstlng legislation concerning cltWeivhlp lud naturalization bo rev Ised. F.XTK IIHTIOX IlIKATIKS. To Pretent the 3Ilsrarr)hie of Justice The Copy rlxht I Jiis. AVehnve treaties with many states providing for renunciation of citizenship by naturalized ileus, but no statute Is found to giv e elleet to inch engagements, nor any which provides u needed central bureau for tho registration of naturollzed citizens. F,.perlence suggests .hut our statutes regulating extradition may jo amended bv a provision for the transit icross our territory, now n convenient thoroughfare of travel from one country to mother, of fugitives surrended by a foreign government ton third stale. Such provisions are nut unusual In the legislation ofothercoun tries uud tend to prevent tho miscarrying or lustlcc. It Is also (leslroblo In order to re move present uncertainties, that authority diould be conferred on the Secretary of Stato to Issue a certificate In case of an arrest, for he purose or extradition, to tho otllccr be fore whom the proceedings ore pending, ihowiug that a requisition lor tlio surrender .if the porsonehiirged has be.ui duly made. Such a certificate. If required to bo received before the prisoner's examination would prevent a long and eienslve Judicial Inquiry Into a charge vv hleh the foreign gov .rnnient might not l"siro to press. 1 also re rommend that express provision be made for Ihe Immediate discharge lrom custody of per ons committed for extradition whore tho President Is or opinion that surrender should not be made. The drift nt'sentlmcnt In civil ized communities toward all recognition of Ihe rights of properly In the creations or tho human Intellect has brought about the adop tion, bv many Important nations, of an Inter national oopvilght convention, which was signed ut Heme on the 18th day of September, ISS.1. Inasmuch as thoconstltullon gives to Congress the power "to promote tho progress )rsclence and Useful arts, by securing for lim ited times to authors and In ventors tho exclusive right to their exclusive writings and discoveries," this Government did not. feel warranted In becoming u signatory pending the action of Congress upon measures of International :opvrlght. now beforo It, but the right of ad hesion to the Heme convention heicafter has been reserved. I trust the subject will ro-.-clve at your hands the attention It deserves, ind that the Just claims of authors, so ur gently pressed, will be duly heeded, ltepro cntotlons continue to be made to me ot tho injurious effect upon American artists study ing abroad, and having free access to the art ?ollectlons of rorelgn countries, of maintain ing a discriminating duty against tho Intro duction of tho works ol" their brother artists orother countries, ami lam Induced to repeat tnv recommendation for the abolition of that tax. COXSl'hAU SKUVK'K. tdtUIng Uetter He numeration for Amc-rlfan Hep ri'sent stiles Abroad. Pursuant to n provision of tho diplomatic) and consular appropriation uct, approved July 1, lsSH, the estimates submitted by tho Secretary of Stale for the malnlenanco of the consular service have been recast on the basis of salaries for all olllccis to whom such al lowance Is deemed advisable. Advan tage has been taken of this to redistribute the salaries or the olllcers now appropriated ror lu accordance with the work performed, the Importance or tho representa tive duties of the Incumbent, nnd the cost of living at each post. The last consideration has been too often lost sight of In the allow ances heretofore made. The compensation which may sutllco for tho decent mulnte nane of a wortliv and capable olllcer In u po sition of onerous and representative trust at a post readily accessible, and whero the nee essurleri of life are abundant and cheap, may prove an Inadequate pittance In distant lauds where tho belter part ofa year's pay Is con sumed in reaching the post of duty and where tho comforts of ordinary civilized ex istence can only be obtained with dllllctilty und at exorbitant cost. 1 trust that in con sidering the submitted schedule no nils taken theory of economy will perpetuate a system which, In tho past, has virtually closed to deserving talent ninny olllce where capacity and attainments of a high order are Indispensable and In not a few co.ies has hiouglit discredit on our national character und entailed embarrassment and oven Fullering on tlioso deputed to uphold our dlgnltv and Interests abroad. In connec tion with that subject 1 earnestly reiterate tho practical necessity of supplying soino mode of trustworthy inspection and report ot tho manner lu which tho consulates aro con ducted. In the absence of such reliable Infor mation cllleleucy can scurccly be rewarded or its opposite corrected. Increasing competition in trado has di rected attention to the value gf the consular reports printed by tho Department of Statu, and the elforts or tho Government to extend the practical usefulness of these reports have created a wider demand for them nt homo and n spirit of emulation abroad. Constitut ing a record of the changes occuiing in trado and of the progress or the arts and invention in foreign countries, they are much sought for by nil Interested In tho subjects which they embrace. 111STUHT OT COI.UJIIIIA. deeded, Pollre Ih-gulatlons, Coinetileiires and Xen llrlducs. Tho control of the Government of tho Dis trict, ot Columbia having been placed In the hand or purely exccutlvo olllcers, while tho Congress still retains all legislative authority pertaining to Its government, It becomes my duty to nuiko known th.nuost pressing needs of the District and recommend their consid eration. The laws of the District appear to bo lu an uncertain condition and their codlllca tlon or revisou Is much needed. Dining the post year ono of tho bridges leading from tho District to tho stato of Virginia become unfit for use, and travel upon it was forbidden. This leads mo to suggest that tho Improve ment of nil tho bridges crossing the Potomac und Its branches from tho cllv of Washington Is worthy of the attention of Congress. Tho Commissioners of the District represent that tho laws regulating the solo of liquor and grunting license therelor should bo at onco amended, uud that legislation U needed to consolidate, dcllneaiul enlarge the scope and power of charitable and penal Institutions within tho District. I suggest thut tho Commissioners bo clothed with the power to make, within llxort lim itations, pollco regulations. I belloyo this power grunted iuhI carefully guarded would lend to subserve thegisid ordcrof tho munici pality. It seems that troublo still exists, growing out of the occupation of tho streets and avenues by certain railroads having their termini In the city. It Is very Important that juch laws should be enacted upon this suhect as will secure to tho railroads all tho facilities they require, for the transaction of their busi ness, und at tho samo tliuu protect citizens from Injury to their persons or property, 'llio commissioners agiiln complain that tho ao commodatloiisalfordcdt hem for the necessary ofllces for district, business, and for the iafo keeping or valuable book and papers, aro entirely Inelllelent. I recommend that this condition of iilliilrs bo remedied by tho Congress and that suitable (iniirters bo fur nished for the needs of tho District Govern ment. In conclusion, I earnestly invoke such wise action on the part of tho people s legisla tors us will subserve the public good and demonstrate during tho remaining days of tho Congress, as at present organized, Us abil ity and Inclination to so meet the lKs-mle's needs that It shull ho grulorully remembered by an expectuut constituency. GllOVKItCl.KVlSI.AND. Ilusliieks. A Georgia newspaper llliislrntentho liver ngo southern negro's poor business ubility by telling oi one who nsla-d the price of cont in ii store. The storekeeper oifered him various garments cheap for cash, but tho darkey would not buy, ami finally tho merchant picked out u tout that cost him $l.C5nntl offeu-d it to tlio nejjro for $10, niiieolng to take $2 in cash uud trust linn for the balance. The customer Jumped at I ho oiler, and without even trying on tlio coat, pnhl the $2 nnd went nwny happy in Ills ubility to owe $8. The stoivkcepur will not worry it he due uot get thu money. Misci;i.r..txi:ory mjcus .i.yj xotks. The crop rcisirt of the" Ohio state board of agriculture for December 1 -liows regarding wheat that the area sown nas 101 per cent; the estimated uuiul'cr of acres sown 2,741,000; and the condition Tho condition of lire stock, except host. Is gencnillr gtmd. Hog cholera prevails hi twouty-tlnee counties. It 1 Announced that the French ministers have all resigned. The proprietors of elclit hotels or restaur ants In Hartford Tccre arrested for tislns; oleo margarine on their table without displaying the placard required by tlio law ot Connecti cut. Over one thousand non-union men arc at work Ii the mills at Amsterdam, New Yorfc, where tlio Knights ot l.alor were recently locked out. Cnrdo.o it Co , dry g(oils dealers of Itlcli niond, Virginia, with ilK),(HKl of paper nlloat, arc negotiating with New York creditors for a compromise at .10 per cent. A lire in Knlghlrlder street, London, uV troycd four warehouses and greatly damaged the ancient Church of St. Mary Magdalen. The loss Is retorted at $.V)0,000. Mrs. John PnvK of Washington, daughter of the lute Secretary Krcllngliuyscn, lias been paralyzed lo a degree that renders her unable to walk. The stroke resulted from being thrown out of a carriage nt l.cuoz. Theodore 1). Mlze, cashier ot the Chicago and Mluonk Coal company lius surrendered all his property to imply on an embezzlement be licvt d to 'be J.",HX, and will retain Ills position. Nobel Hrothcrs, the chief petroleum produc ers In llussla, are stild to he arranging with the Staudaid Oil company for a loan. The offering of boquets to actresses was car ried to such an absurd degree In Vienna that the practice lias been prohibited by the direc tor of the Imperial theaters. Large parties of Chinese continue to cross from llrltish Columbia into Washington tetrl tory, earning packages believed to contain opium and other dutiable articles. Mining excitement In the vicinity of tlio Hot Springs of Arkansas has caused the loca tion of claims on every available tract near Hear mountain. Customs olllcers in Pan Francisco found In tlio coal bunkers of the steamer llio Janeiro opium valued at $'.),000. The books of the Interim! revenue oITlco at Atlanta show a recent Increase of eighteen in the registered distilleries of Georgia. They are nllowcd to sell to the public lu ten-gallon packages. In only three conn tie is the uiaiiuiiicture of liquors prohibited. Till! .UII.H'.trKKK AXAliriUSTS. Mllwnukco dispatch : There was n sensa tional seem) in Judge Sloan's court this veiling nt tlio close of tlio trial oi I'niil (irottkun nnd Albert MocHsinger, who uro charged with inciting llio labor rioln ut tlio Milwaukee garden lust Mny. Tlio entiro day hod been consumed lu argument, Judge Sionn liml concluded tlio delivery of his charge, tlio jury were just filing out, mid tlio crowd Hint hail jammed the court room was on tho point of departure, when their exit wiih arrested by o rapping to order by tho deputy sheriffs. Flourishing u ropy ot tiroltkiin's paper, llio Arbcitcr .online, District. Attorney MliuniH ad vanced to t lie judge's desk, anil in n loud voice soul: "Your honor, I ilesiro to cull your attention to a gross scandal nnd a villainous libel anil contempt, in connection with UiIh cose," nnd ho pointed to Huvernl miiiked nrticlcH in tho paper. One was iv poem taking .1 uitgo Sloan for a topic, und containing (lib most scurrilous utilise ot 1 1 1 1 1 ) . 'I lie prose ortliicH wore of u similar tenor, nnd denounced I ho jury ns bought up uud tlio witnesses loiiliOHtulo un pel jurors. '1 lie ocli m of the district attorney fronted a great sensation. Grottknii turned polo mill hurriedly nought his lawyer. Judge Sloan Hiiid he hail heard ot tlio publications mid also that tlio witness ror tin- state hod been greatly intimidated. lie declared Unit u tlioioiigli investigation would ho mode, nnd appointed Monday oh llio day on which Gi ottkau would lie given nu oppor tunity to explain. ovn yon max co.n.vmiai:. Mr. Switzler, chief ot tlio bureau ot statistics, in liis annual report soys: "Tlio foreign commerce ot tlio last llscnl year, when compared with Unit of tlio fiscal yeara 1.S81-85, disclos few marked changes. The following uro tlio most im portant: There has been iv ileclino of f 02,. tUi l,'.)2.r) in tlio value of exports of nier ciiondise. Notwithstanding this decline in tlio vnliio of exports and tlio increnso in vnluo ot imports, our exports ot mer chandise hiivo exceeded tlio volno ot tho imports, tlio former being ?07'.).22 1,8110, itnd Uie hitler SO:!"), !!!!!, 1 Silt, thus showing an excess of exports over imports of 1-1,-OHS.ti'JI," "TlicrewnH.au inrrenso of $.'M,t7-l,2iPJ in Urn exports of gold mid a deiilno ot $', S)lS, l.i7 in tlio imports thereof, tlio excess of nil the exports over imports of gold iniloiinting to $--,'-' OS, 8 !L us ugniiiHt mi excess of iinpoitH over exports amounting to ?18.21.i,S0l (luring tlio llscal year 1885. The inward uud outward movement ot silver was about, llio name us during tho preceding fiscal year, the excess of exports being $i 1,000, ill U, against an excess of exports ot S17,20:i,000 (luring the preced ing llscnl year. Tho small decline during the hist fiscal year is a hopeful indication that tlio trade depression of the post four years lias readied its lowest point, uud thut wo nro on llio verge of a period of in creased commercial activity mid national prosperity. This is further indicated by the trade returns of the first three months of tho current fiscal year, which exhibit gratify ing results. The value of our foreign commerce vvns largur during tlio first quar ter of tho current fiscal year than (luring tlio corresponding qumierof the fiscal year 188 l.an(IS:iy,(i2f;,07rgrealor than durlny tho first quarter ot tlio llsca' year 1885." ax AFiuc.ix jcixa icir.i.icn. AYasiiinotom, 1). C, Dec. 3. The depart mentor state Ims received a dbpatch from the United States consul at (loreedaks In Senegal, Africa, uiiiioiiiiclng tho death lu bat tle of King Sumalombcfel of Cuyar. The consul fay that tho king appeared at Tivo mane In Cayar with a number or followers under arms for tho purpose of collecting tribute to which he believed himself entitled. The demand was met with refusal by the in habitants of the place, wherouion some of the followers began lo pillage the town. Tho merchants and traders telegraphed for aid to the government of St. LouUlowii, under French protect on. The government sent a captain and twenty-five soldier to the scene of the trouble with instruction! to quiet mat ters. Arriving at Tivovms.no tlio troops found tlio merchant and traders bfleagured. A wordv altercation followed betwetu tlio troopi and the king' follower which ended by the latter tiring several shots, killing a soldier. A charge was ordered. After n brief hut Iltrco engage ment the natives fled, leaving tvrcuty deud on tue num. Tlio natives soon reformed, however, ami made another stand under the lead ot the king, but the latter, uftcr u sword combat with u French lieutenant lasting twelve minutes, was run through the Ixxli und killed, wht-rcuiou the followers gave up the battle und escaped into the Interior. The Kansas City Ilate-llaU club offers the American association f.1,000 for a franchise, and agrees to pay the railroad faro or all out side clubs from or to Bl Loul. Tin: rvm.ic vrnr statkmest. N'asiiixotoXi Dec. 1. The following Is recapitulation ot the debt statement issued today: Interest bearing debt lloiids at 4s per cent $ aVl.OOO.OOO Honds at 4 per cent 7;!7,77.,0OO bonds at II ;er cent 71,154,230 llcfiiiiding certificates nt 4 per cent....' lt)l,7'0 Nuvv pension fund at II jer cent. 14,000,000 l'acflic railroad loads at (5 per cent 0Ura,513 Principal $ l,i:i7,74'J,noa Intcrc-t ll,4'.':i,oa Total $ 1,1411,142,401 Debt on which Interest lias censed .since maturity 1'rlticipnl $ 9,2St).r3 Interest... 213.41)7 Total ? t),507,S(U Old demand and legal tender notes $ .nn.r.vs.rai Certillcates of deposit 7,025,0 ) Cold ccrtltleatcs K),r.1,ts' Silver certillcates 103,510,817 Fractional currency. les $S !!75, IWl, cstlmatcd'n lost or de stroyed 0,03.1,702 Principal $ KtV.757,543 Total debt l'rlnelpiil $ 1,71X1,700.270 Interest , 11,711,5117 Total $ 1,715,507,S0S Less cash items available for re duction ot the debt 224,071,553 Less reserve held fer redemption of United States notes 1C0.C0A0OO Total debt, .'es available cash Items 1.S01 4.10,234: Xct casli In the treasury 40,0'.):i,55(i Debt, less cash In- the treasury, December 1, 1SS0 $ 1,331,312,C08 Debt, less cash In the treasury, November 1, 1SS0 .". l,a3l,H7,017 Decrease of depb during the month 3,003,219 Available for tho reduction of the debt Gold held for gold certillcates actually oulstamlliiL' $ 00,5.0,Cro Sliver hcld'for sliver certificates nctuallv outstanding 105,510,317 United Stales notes held for cer tillcates of deposit actually outstanding 7,023,00.) Cash held for muturcil debt uud Interest unpaid 21,001.003 Fructionul currency 4,201 Total available for reduc tion of thBilebt $ 2.4,071,533 Reserve fund Held for redemption of United States notes (acts January 14. 1S75 and July 12, 1SS2.). 100,000,030 Unavailable for redemption ot tlie debt Fractional sliver colli 23,808,007 Minor coin 16.1,584 Total i 23,071,C3L Certillcates held us cash 4S,8btyj79 Net cash balance on hand 40,UtKt,55a Total cash in the treasury us shown hy treasurer's general account $ 409.023,740 a coal sirzxnuzii. A Trusted KmiAoyti of l'lfltrn Tears Itob Ills ICmitloycr. Chicago special. Theodore S. Mlge, coa fldclitial bookkeeper nnd cashier for Mine T. Ames, a millionaire coul denier, ami seciolary of tlio Chicago it Minnnk Coal and Colo company, is said to bo a defiiulte- totlioextontof $100,000. Theabstrnctioa ot funds Iiiih been goingon for a dozenyenre. Ames wiib entirely unsuspicious until a week ngo, when lie returned from Kuropo and noticed that something was wrong. An in vestigation ot ids bookkeeper's accounts convinced liliu UiiitlargcHuuiM tero missing. No charged Migo with misappropriation, mid toned tlio truth lrom him. Migo pleaded for mercy and promised to make restitu tion as tar as possiblo. Examination ot tlio books is now In progress. Migo's pro perty, including a liouso on Kills avenue, Iiiih all lieon turned over to Minor, lint is far from being equal to tlio defalcation. Most of tho money taken had been spout in extravagant living and on wine, womon and raids. Migo wiih oiki o! tlio most popular young business man of tho city, mid was thought lo bo tlio soul of liquor. Ho Is barely years old, and Iiiih a salnry ot $5,000 a year. Miner had mtch con lldcnce lu liim Unit lie was allowed entiro control ot tho tiiuds, signed checks nnd ninilo denosits hi the hunks. Ho had hoea in Miner h employ for fifteen years. He is a son of IOd ward Mige, tho well-known rail road num. Up to tlio present time lie haa not been arrested. sArrxa afiiica. Tho Now York Methodist clergymen held ilicir regular monthly meeting on tlio Cth in the hull of the Mothoilistl Hook Concern. At tlio conclusion of the-rohtino business, Henry M. Stanley, tin African explorer nuido mi address on missionary effort in equatorial Africa. Ho expressed tlio1ellel that missionary work bad Iven successful nil beneficial in AMcn, and could bo mudo more so by improved 1110111011)4 ot dealing with tlio natives. Ho gnvo nt length Ida viuWB on this subject, ns formed from ft long and varied experience. In conclusion lie described many of the causes why some misslonuries fail to succeed. Among them was the failure to keep to their business agreement with tho natives, who wero al ways ready to resent such failures. John O'Duy's Nerve. Col. John O'Dav, of Missouri, whose pres ence lu Now York Is noted lu the papers, haa had an eventful history. In the west of to day, with its energy devoted almost entirely to tlio development of Its varied resources, Air. O'Day'a jmhIIIoii Is fully assured, buHthcre was a time when he stood upon moro dnugeroua groiiud. A native ot New York state, he went lo .Missouri just niter tue war, in nine to maso the first democratic speech heard hi that state after the surrender of Lee. It Is a singular commentary utsm the changes which a gener ation often witnesses that in that bulwark ot deuuK rucy for It is so to-day Mr. O'Day'a I ccch hud to bo mudo lth twO big revolvers irojectnig ominously from his belt, vt oru una iceu sent him that lie would l shot if he BtKilic. but his determined manner carried hhu safely through. When the notorious Hoffman brothers, mo greatest ucsperauoes ot iui time, were arraigned for one or tho murders laid nt their door. Mr. O'Dav was tho wily lawyer In the state who cared to attempt their proamnion, because ot mo jiorucs oi juwicw sympathizers who rallied to their support. Tin cut after threat that ho would never live to K'ul; Hgulust them was made. AVheu the trial vi us culled he was on hand, however, and In spite of u packed court-house, went through bis preliminary work. As bo rose to begin hta speech the judge turned tmlo aud the Jury looked for a convenient wludow through which. to leap when the threatened iracas uegau, O'Duy backed hlmsflf up against tho wall so thut fio could not bo attacked from behind, and with a pUtol In each hand spoke for four hours. To tho Biiriirlje of everyone the pris oner were sentenced to tcu years lu the peni tentiary, tuclr syiupaiuucrs ucmg aweu into ubject suLinlsslon by the pluck ot 'the carpet bag lawyer." tSlucc then Mr, O'Day has b co'jie one or the recoculrtl leader oT tb Mk sourl democracy, vice president f tlt St, Unit aud &iu Fraucloco mllrotw,, and oee C tho richest meu lu the kQUtuvmt, .'Atftxfci- j'ifu Tlmtu