The Oregon scout., September 25, 1886, Image 8

THE QUESTION OF IMMIGRATION,
Somo Interesting Speculations
with Regard to the Future
of the American People.
The
Extent to Which tho Countries of
Europo Contribute to Our
Populntion.
A CompllcntcU I'robfcm.
What will tlio American citizen of
the future, say fiity years hence, bo
like? Will the Anglo-Saxon type con
continue to predominate? Will tho
Celt still hold his own, or will the Ger
man come to tho front and assert him
self? Moreover, will not tho Latin and
Slavonic races have something to say
about the future American man? Those
arc questions which are puzzling the
anthropologists, says a writer in The
Brooklyn Eagle, and oven causing somo
concern to thoughtful statesmen, who
view, not without anxiety, tho efforts
of this republic to absord yearly and
turn into good citizens nearly three
quarters of a million persons of foreign
origin, somo of whom have a very im
perfect acquaintance with free institu
tions. An appeal to tho statistics of tho past
will not wholly answer these questions,
for tlio currents of immigration are
changing and now streams are (lowing
toward us in recent years. Still, to ob
tain a starting point for our inquiry
and a basis i.pon which to speculate, it
is necessary to refer to these statistics
very briefly. At tlio present limo tho
populntion of this republic may be set
down at upward of fiG'.OOO.OOO. Of these
about 7,600,000 are colored and 8,500,-
000 foreign-born, leaving -10,000,000
persons of tho white races born upon
tho soil. When the first census was
taken, in 17!)0, there wore K.'J.'JO.OOO
white persons in tho United States.
This population was largely homoge
neous, being mainly of British origin,
although Germans were numerous in
some of tho states. There w:is also a
considerable Iribh population, most of
tho latter, however, being of Scotch
Presbyterian stock. Tlio Celtic Irish
had not at that period undertaken to
relievo tho native of tho troublo of gov
erning thoir cities. This original na
tive populntion, if left to itself, would
now, by natural increase, have reached
an aggregate of 25,000.000 souls. It
has, of course, intermarried with im
migrants largely, but, nevertheless,
this figure may bo taken to represent
tho strength of tho old stock among
our present native-born white popula
tion of -10,000,000. Tho total number
of immigrants who have arrived in tho
United States sinco 1790 exceeds 18,
000,000. of whom more than hnlf have
arrived in the' past twenty years. Up
to 1870 Ireland led all other nations in
sending immigrants to tho United
States, having sent in tho fifty years
botween 1820 to 1S70 no less than
2,700,000 persons. Kngland and Wales
in tho same period contributed WiO.OOO
and Scotland 85,000, but there were
others unclassified which sailed from
llritish ports, most of whom were prob
ably Germans and Scandium i:um. Of
immigrants who were known to luivo
come from Germany U,i!70,000 iv nv-d
during this fifty years, besides lNi'.o.iu
from Sweden, Norway, and Denmark.
and 215,000 from Franco. Between
1870 and 1880 the number of immi
grants from Germany was greater than
frc-m Ireland, the result being that at
tho census taken in that year there
were found to bo 1,1100,712 persons of
German b.rth in tlio country and 1,85-1,-571
of Irish birth. At the same census
there were found to be ltl7,51)8 natives
of Great Britain and tt0,2(i2 natives of
tho Scandinavian Countries, tho latter
Inning shown a largely-increased em
igration during tho decade.
Then has been nothing in the his
tory of emigration so remarkable as tho
overflow of populat on from Ireland
between 1815 and 1870, its strength and
volume going far to justify tlio boasts
frequently made as to tho prolific
character of tho Irish race. Hut this
quality no longer 'distinguishes the
Irish race In its native country, for in
1882 the births in Ireland, with a popu
lation of 5,000,000, were actually few
er bv nearly 1,000 than in Scotland,
With a population of Jl. 780, 000, and
tlio excess of births over deaths, which
in Scotland was 5:1,000, was in Ireland
about SM,00Q. Therefore, when Ireland,
in 1882, sent CD, -111 1 emigrants to this
country, she parted with more than
double her natural increase of popula
tion. The population of Ireland does
not now exceed 5,000.000, and Its birth
rate is low. With n natural increase
of less than H5.000 annually, it is evi
dent that tho number of emigrants it
can hereafter send to tho United States
w ll be but small in comparison with
tho vast stream from Germany, or even
the smaller yet steady How from Kng
land and Scotland, or tho Scandinavian
countries. Tho follow injf statement of
tho natural increase of theiw countries
and of their uinlgmuu to the United
States In 1881 presents the whole prob
Mil tt a glance ami will save many
words of explanation:
lumiiftraiiu
Natural u lTlle4
lucrrain. bltlra.
... ttLW MM
iT,.i ulvu
ftttrmahr
ScjnillnxUii countrlM
(ir.-t lirlilu "
lrtlaud 36,1 W.1
Total 1.0W.W wvai
Tho romarkiiblo result is hero pre
sontcd that nearly ono-hulf of
tho natural Increase of tho coun.
tries from which our popula
tion has been most largely drawn an
nually comes to America. The outflow
from the British islands, is steady and
cunstant, and, deducting from it a por
tion of the fifty thousand persons who
annually returns to the llritish islands,
may be said to fairly represent tho an
nual gain to the United States of 110,
000 immigrants of the best quality and
speaking tho English language. Tho
Scandinavian countries aro now send
ing practically the whole of their an
nual increase to this country'. They
form the very best class of immigrants,
and assimilate readily with the natives.
Tho German immigration fluctuates
considerably', sometimes falling to a
comparatively low figure one year, and
the next rising very high. In 1880, for
instance, it fell to 8-1,6:18, and the very
next year rose to 218,32:1. In 1882 the
number was 229,0'JG. There are no
bolter immigrants than the Germans,
but they assimilate more slowly with
the natives than eitiicr the British,
Irish, or Scandinavians. Fed as their
numbers constantly aro by fresh immi
grations, they must for a long tinio to
come form a separate clement of tho
population, and this in spite of the fact
that the Germans of tlio second gener
ation all speak the Knglish language
and generally prefer it to their mother
tongue.
Tho British man is, as every one
knows, a compound of tho old Saxon
lace (now best represented by tho
Dutch), tho Scandinavians or North
men, and the Celts, In tlio west and
southwest of Kngland the latter pre
dominate, while in the north of Kng
land and the lowlands of Scotland the
former prevails. If, therefore, within
tin; small area of the British islands a
perfectly homogeneous type has not
been produced, it is idlo to expect it in
a country so vast as Ibis, a country in
which the various races might aggre
gate themselves into separate com
munities as large as some Kuropean
nations. This lias been done on a
small scale by the Mormons, but jj.
might bo done on a groat scale by any
of the groat emigrating races.
.Judging from the present rale of im
migration it is probable that tho census
of 1000 will show the United Slates then
to contain at least -1,500,0(10 natives of
Germany, 2,200,000 natives of Ire
land, 2,000,000 natives of Great Britain,
and 1,(100,000 Scandinavians. There
will then bo something over twice as
many persons of the second generation,
children of the natives of the respective
countries, and four or livo times as
many who may be regarded as belong
ing to the races which they respect vely
represent. The persons of Gorman
birth or origin will bo as numerous as
was tlio population of l'nisiu prior to
the war with Austria in 1800, and be
yond all comparison more wealthy.
Vet no one anticipates that any danger
to the nation can arise from this source.
As for the Bi llon, however numerous
lie may become, ho disappears imme
diately among tho mass of the people
and is hoard of no more,
If, therefore, it were certain that the
Immigration of the future would bo
precisely of the same composition as
the immigration of tlio past there
would be no need of apprehension as
to the race or character of the future
American man. But there aro other
countries, scarcely recognized hereto
fore as sources of Immigration, which
are now sending considerable numbers
to this country. At the census of t8S0
there wore but 50.000 natives of Austria-Hungary
in the United Stales, but
in the following year that empire sent
us 20,000 immigrants, and a steadily
increasing immigration may bo looked
for from that quarter. Tho present
excess of births oer deaths in Austria
Hungary is abo.it 22i', two. with a very
high death rate. But there havo been
years when tho surplus approached
1(10,000, and should this state of tilings
return an annual immigration of 100,
000 from that quarter would not he at
all surprising. These immigrants
would be of mixed race Germans,
Slavs, Magyarsthe Slavs being more
numerous In Austria proper, and tho
Magyars in Hungary. Italy is another
country which is just beginning to be
another important source of immigra
tion. In 1880 there were but 41,000
natives of Italy in tins country, but in
1882 the nunibor of Italian immigrants
was :100.0J0. Italy has an annual sur
plus of 200,000 persons, ami emigration
lias been as high as KI5.000 in one your.
Hitherto emigration has been mainly
directed to France, Austria, and South
America, but the number coming this
way is steadily increasing, and no one
can say that tho day is distant when
wo shall have to dispose annually of
100,000 or more Italians, most of them
of a very low class.
Russia lues an annual excess of births
over death of 800,000. but the number
of immigrants to the United States
from that quarter has as yet been very
small. There wore but !I5.000 natives
of Uussin in tho country in 1S80. the
most of them being residents of Alaska.
The bulk of the remainder wore Men
nonites of German blol. The llus
eiiui Slav so far has not oiuljjrtitod to
any extent; but should he ouoo begin
to come it will probably be on a largo
scale. It would be idle to speculate as to
what the future immigration to us from
KtisMa may be, but from tho character
of the people it may bo assumed that
when the current of emigration once
Ixiglns to llow toward us In earnest it
will be strong and deep. It may even
in timo reach the proportions of tho
immigration from Germany. Should
these old world countries onco begin to
nut forward their full strength as
sources of immigration the American
man may well begin to tremble for his
Identity and to wonder what ho will bo
be like half a century hence. Of ono
thing wo may be well assured, that
among the political problems of tho
future this question of immigration is
destined to occupy a very prominent
place.
A Successful Preacher.
In the town of Monmouth Sunday,
says The Lcwisloti Journal, was seen
the unusual spectacle of a church
crowded from the farthest corners to
vestibule doors, men craning their
necks to get a peck inside from tlio
outer platform, and other men sitting
on tlio settees outside the church, list-
enmr to the sonorous voice of a
preacher. This preacher was Rev. J,
H. Day, 1). D., of New York, a Mon
mouth boy, who had climbed to the top
of the ministry. He has ono of tho
finest of New York churches, and his
salary is $10,000 a year. He spends all
his summer vacations in Monmouth and
always preaches onco at the Center
during the season. On that Sunday tho
other church at the Center is closed,
and people from miles around throng
to the Methodist chapel. Dr. Day is a
pulpit orator of liicTalmagc style. Ho
is not so eccentric as the Brooklyn di
vine, but reminds one of him. He is a
son of Anak, physically, has a magnifi
cent head, and a line face, and pitches
his voice on a high key. His ofl-haud
hearty manner is much liked, and ho
holds the spell-bound attention of his
audience, frequent responses . of
"Amen" being heard. Dr. Day is an
enthusiastic farmer. Managing his
Monmouth acres is his favorite recrc-
ition. Ho owns one of the best places
in town, and delights in summer exer
cises with tho pitchfork and milking
his valuable cows.
Japanese Art.
The trustees of tho British museum
havo issued a descriptive and historical
catalogue of Japanese and Chineso
paintings in tho national collection.
Tho extensive series of such works of
art was formed by Mr. William Ander
son, and purchased in 1882. They
were brought together in tho course of
a residence of over si years in Japan,
for the purpose of illustrating an an
cient and remarkable phase of art in
ils historical and technical develop
ments. Tlio collection, although coin
prising representative specimens of all
tho various schools, must be regarded,
as Mr. Anderson tells us, only as a
nucleus, to which it is hoped largo ad
ditions will hereafter be made. Tho
written documents of tho eighth and
ninth centuries, which comprise tlio
oldest known records of the Japanese,
make no allusion to the existence of
any phase of pictorial art before the
fifth century A. I)., although ery
ancient dates are assigned to some other
branches of art. The first planter
known was a Chinese immigrant of
royal descent named Nanriu; but it is
probable that Japanese art education
made little progress until the introduc
tion of Buddhism in tho middle of tho
sixth century, when the early native
workers, guided by Korean instructors,
first essayed their hands upon Buddhist
ic pictures. The author of this learn
ed catalogue thinks that the connection
between India and Japan in Buddhist
art is beyond doubt, but there is equal
certainty that it was established en
tirely through an intermediation of
China and Korea; "for although Indian
priests have from time to time settled
in Japan, ono as early as A. D. 787,
there is no evidence of the arrival of
any artist from that country, nor aro
there any specimens of Indian art pre
served in Japan that are likely to havo
made an impression upon tho profess
ors of such gems as the Horiujl mural
painting and the sculptures of the Two
Deva Kings at Kobukuji." London
Seivs,
Everything Fair in War.
Jonas H , of Washington, Intl.,
toward the close of the late war. was
body-servant to a quartermaster, and
after the close, ami when the quarter
master hail been mustered out, as Jonas
tells the story, he requested Smith, as
a last service before parting, to take a
large lox on a dray to the freight
depot and ship it, asking Smith at tha
same time "if ho ooulil road ami write."
Jonas ausworetl that ho could not,
started oil with the box, ami on the
way to tho station removed the shipping-tag
which boro tho name of tho
quartermaster and that of the place the
box waste bo shipped, and substituted
his own name and address, ami by that
moans obtainotl a box of new army
blankets the quartormastur Intended to
capture or steal front Uncle Sam.
Jonas, who is fairly educated, said in
oxtenntion of this oommc roial transac
tion: "Mr, Qunrterinastor Vnpt'god' the
blankets from the government, ami 1
captured them from him.
Kvorvthing
is fair in war." Detroit Free l'rc
Young America.
Little boy (at table) 'Ta, give me
some broad."
Father "My son, you must remem
ber that older folks have tho prefer
ence." Little boy -"1 don't want any per
foroueoj 1 want u biscuit."
Absolutely Pure.
Tills powder never vnrirs. A ninrvcl of
purity, Htronsth ami wlirilrHomcnPss. Moro
economical than tlio ordinary kinds, and
cannot bo sold in competition with tho
tiuiltitudo of low test, tiliort ' weight alum
or phosphate powders. Hold only in cans.
Royal 1Jaki.no I'owdiui Co., 100 Wall St.,
N Y.
MTENNIAL HOTEL BAR.
E. MILLER, Proprietor.
Having fitted up the Centennial Hotel
Bar-room, and romovd my (stock of
Wines, Liquors & Cigars
to that place, I ntn bettor prepared than
ever to entertain ami regale my customers.
I keep none but the best of
ECnntrrn Liquors, nillwnulccc, AVnlla
Wnllu, anil l iilon ICccr.
Also, tlie Finest Brands of Cigars.
-COMMERCIAL-
Liw id M
Orrosm: Ci:.nti:nxiai. Hotel.
JOHN S. KLIOTT, - I'ROl'IMETOR.
Having furnished this old and popular
hostelry with ample room, plcnt.v of feed,
good hostlers and new buggicH, is better
prepared than ever to niTomniodate cus
tomers. My terms are reanonable.
Adam Choshman, l'uorimrroR.
Has now on hand and for Bale tlio best of
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In Comfortable Rooms.
Health for tlio Sick, and Rest for tlio
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Especially adapted for the Relief of Wo
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S. P. NK YvlIARD, Proprietor.
SMOKE OUR
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5 Five Cent Cigar, i
Jones Rros., agents, Union.
E. GOLLINSKY & CO.
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Manufacturers
Buckboards, Road Carts, Spring Wagons, Etc.
MITCHELL FARM ND SPRING WA6QSKS.
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192-191 Front St., Portland, Oregon.
Pianos
E. M. FURMAN, Agent
WALLA WALLA,
HOWLAND
M.mfai
IVl3in Street, Union, Oregon.
Keep constantly on hand n largo supply of Parlor tuul lied llooni Sets, Hcd
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Upholstering Done in the Best Style.
Lounges, Mattresses, and all Kinds of Furniture made to order. Your patron
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Dealers in-
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Variety and Fancy Goods,
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Orders from all parts of tho country promptly attended to.
PHOTOGRAPH
Jones Bros., .2?t.Isi:,
All Kinfls of PliotoppMc Wort Done in a Soperior Manner.
New Scenery and Accessories Just Received.
All Work Warranted to Give Satisfaction.
VIEWS OF RESIDENCES TAKEN ON APPLICATION.
Li
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& WILSOISr,
to rem of
gars.
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Organs