Corvallis gazette., December 24, 1907, Image 4

SHELTER FOR SHEEP.
ttimpsea of Farm Shepherding In New
England.
My flock of sheep, which usually
numbers 100 to 13), is left in the pas
ture as long as they can find sufficient
feed, and that is up to the time of the
first snows which corer the ground to
depth of three inches or more. Last
fall the snow was twelve 'inches deep
when we brought them in. I think the .
sheep do better on the hills where
there Is good protection from cold
winds than they do in the barn until
the weather comes quite cold, provid
ed they can find sufficient feed. Nov.
25 is the latest mine ever stayed out.
When once taken in I do not like to
let them out again till spring, even if
It comes summer weafher for a few
days, as it takes about a week or ten
days to get them well started on to
dry hay feed, and If again turned to
grass you have the same process to go
over, and that to the detriment of the
flock. For the first two weeks we put 4
them on to the best hay we have, and '
after that they will ea most any good
hay.
My experience is that sheep do better
In cold sheds and barns than in warm
ones. They seem as happy with the
mercury at 30 degrees below as with .
It 60 degrees above yes, I think they i
like it better. I only feed them twice
k day the morning feed at about 8
O'clock and the evening at 4 till about ;
March, and then a change to 7 and 5 j
Is made. Sheep are like boys, they
don't like to get up early in the morn
lag, and I never like to drive them up,
but like to feed them regularly, not
Varying more than half an-hour if pos
sible, says E. L. Tracy of Vermont in
New England Homestead.
Woolly Backs on Rough Land.
Although a hardy race in their na
tlve mountains, where they must strug
gle vigorously for existence, sheep be
come very sensitive when transplanted ;
to more favorable surroundings. In :
the midst of luxurious summer pas- ;
turage they lead a life of enervating
ease, and some degree of shelter is -required
to enable them 'to endure the
hardships of cold weather. Occasion
ally the sheep owner allows his flock
to remain in the open throughout the
winter, providing only simply built
sheds for refuge at night and on
stormy days. In such a case the sheep
must be furnished with abundant and
tUrf. '.'.- vs.... Mi. .
THE SHKLTKlt ON THE HILLSIDE.
proper food. But even under such con
ditions the experiment is a doubtful
one, according to a writer in Rural
New Yorker, which pictures a hillside
shelter in use in New Hampshire.
A great majority of flockmasters pre
fer to bouse their sheep in the winter
in roomy and comfortable barns.
Throughout the bracing autumn days
the sheep are turned into the sunniest
pastures until the final coming of win
ter. , Little harm is done to the vege
tation by the first light snow, which
may fall in November, and the active
heep soon push it aside to nibble
eagerly at the grass below. It is rare
ly before the 1st of December that the
permanent shelter of the sheep barn is
ought -
Viewing a Horse.
When going to look at a horse offered
for sale it is well to keep your eyes
open for signs that will Indicate his
disposition and other practical quali
ties. Thus battered places on the posts
or sides of the stall may suggest a
kicker, says a writer In American Cul
tivator. Torn or gnawed blankets hint
that the horse has vicious habits in
this direction and possibly bad diges
tion, as unnatural habits of eating
usually indicate something wrong with
the digestive apparatus. If the horse
tails to stand squarely on both for
feet one-"of the feet may be tender or
defective. When, the horse is moved
out of the stall his gait may indicate
the condition of his legs and feet In
nutting on the harness something may
be Judged from the war he takes the
bit, bridle and crupper. The reetsnouja
be examined with especial care. Hoofs
should be plump and well rounded, not
pinched at the heel, not too flat Heels
should -be high and strong without
spring. Silky hair on the feet and legs
indicates strong, flinty bone, but coarse
hair suggests coarse, brittle bone.
Cottonseed Meal For Cows.
Professor John Michels of Clemson
college. South Carolina, claims that
when the health of cows is unfavora
bly Influenced by cottonseed meal it la
In all probability due to one or more
of the following causes Feeding
the meal in conjunction with unsuita
ble roughage, (2) feeding it in a stale
or mnsty condition and (3) feeding It In
excessive quantity. The composition
of cottonseed meal and wheat bran
shows the former to be more than
trice as rich in nutrients as the latter.
Give the Weanling Exercise.
Don't keep the weanling colts shut
Up in stalls and standing on hard
floors all the time. They need exer
cise In the open air and on the earth
very day to keep their limbs strong
and their feet healthy.
Oilmeal In Horse Fattening.;
In a large horse feeding establish
ment oilmeal Is fed when fattening
r tea. It la claimed that It aids great
in putting oa flesh; 'also that It
fives the akin a toft, mellow touch.
SOUND FOOTED HOG. ,
A Hog 'Should Carry His Welst
Squarely on His. Feet.
We desire to call attention to one of
the common weaknesses found in oil
breeds of hogs. We refer to the mat- '
ter of poor feet. Some of the most In
excusable mistakes that we have ever
witnessed In a Bhow ring have been
made by Judges who placed little em
phasis on the importance of a hog
walking squarely on his feet, says
Iowa Homestead. ' -
When a hog walks down on his dew
claws the trouble is generally due to
one of two causes or possibly both. A
long pastern is a faulty formation, and
a hog with this weakness will general
ly' go down under heavy feeding in
deed, he need not be heavy and fat to
reveal the weakness to one -who knows
how and where to look, for it. A sharp
judge ought to be able' to detect it in a
,class under six months Just as quickly
as in an aged class where the animals .
are showing very heavy weights. The
second cause of hogs going down, to
which we referred. Is a weakness el-
ther In the" tendons or In the bones;' ''',
It Is sometimes possible, to find a fair
ly good formation, in the length and
shape of the pastern, and nevertheless
the hog goes down.' In such. a case the .
'-weakness must bf due to failure of
the muscles to Tiold the foot properly
in shape, and in such a case the physi
ological weakness Is in the muscles
and not in' the bone. vv
"No Foot, No Hog." .
" We find on turning to the scale of
points of the various breeds that from
five to ten counts, are- given for good,
feet and legsv While, in making up a
scale this is possibly all that could be:
allowed, It is strictly true, as Is often
said of . horses, "no foot, no hog."
There is no weakness that seems to
r nUU VAikSI UU.U .J i". . Vfc
propagate so easily as the long pastern gust We Have not used any commer
or the weak tendons around the foot cui fertilizer, . but add barn vard ma-
It Is important in the gilt and in the
old sow, but it is doubly important in
the case of the male. The idea of us
ing on a herd of twenty or twenty-five -sows
a male with weak feef. Is tho;
very acme of shortsightedness. Think
of having on the farm 100 or 150 weak
footed hogs, and yet this is Just what
is iiKeiy to occur n a poor iooieu uia iast of September, and Its harvest- j that the yield from forty samples test
Is used. Iowa Homestead. , jn r season lasts until about Oct 10. i ,ri vnriprl from 28.14 to 57.26 bushels
A Life Work For a Man.
Breeding good dairy animals is not
yet an exact science. It is an evolu
tionary work, in which the painstak
ing, patient, intelligent breeder Is co-operating-with
nature for the.produc-
tion of the improved animals. And
nature will not be hurried, so the work
of a breeder Is not the work of a few
tentative matings of animals, show
ing wonderful results In a few years.
It is more nearty a life work for a man
and one man's life so often so lamen
tably short for the length of the work.
o
BEEF CATTLE.
Results in finishing cattle at the Vir
ginia experiment station indicate very
closely ithat silage Is a satisfactory
form of roughness to feed during the
winter to' cattle that are to be finished
on grass In the spring; that a moderate
grain ration will make fairly satisfac
tory gains; that this grain ration may
profitably consist of one pound of corn
or cob meal and cottonseed meal, or, in, iag Dy his place one will note an ap
other words, a considerable amount of pearance"of thrift and neatness. The
protein, which will make for the de- buildings are in good repair and well
velopment of the carcass rather than painted. There is a large wood pile and
for the putting on of fat Corn is . a roomy wood shed. One notices also
sometimes fed to stackers in consider- the absence of wornout wagons.
able amounts with the result that, they
put on a quantity of soft fat and often
shrink and drift when put on grass be
cause their bodies have not been nour
ished with the protein elements neces
sary to keep them in proper equilib
rium. Cattle Are Lacking.
Cattle we must have to feed our ln-i
creasing population and to replace the
continued drain from our soil : made
by our heavy . yield of . field crops.
When we miss . the cattle upon our,
thousand hills and along our thousand
rills then we have lamentingly to ad
mit that "all is not well." We travel
ed 800 miles la one trip last week
through upper Georgia and through
the heart of South Carolina and did
not see as many cattle as we should
find in a distance of eighty miles. The
south has not the tenth of the cattle
qb canie ,
sb ' should have. We
are allowing
food to waste for want of fencing.
We are not growing one-tenth , the
'grass our land would produce with a
little work and care Editor G. F.
Hunnlcutt in Southern Cultivator.
Big Dividends en Blood.
The demand for feeding steers is go
ing to keep well bred thin cattle at a
pretty fair price this year. Of course
some thin cattle are seHing at com
paratively low prices, but they are the
kind that the feeder trade does not
want They will never be good cattle.
no mairer now mucn or now long uiey
are tea, ana wren oniy one ouuei (u
cheap meat trade) they must sell row.
The man who has well bred stuff al-
ways has two markets open to him.
and this year, according to National
Stockman, the feeder market promises
t6 pay him big dividends on his in-
vestment in improved blood. -
du-rent Market Prosperity. " '
Current cattle market prosperity ad-
nuts of but one interpretation rne
public is eating beef.
Beef is no longer o a bargain coun
ter and. despite high cost to the meat
eater is going into consumption in un-
precedentea volume. , 1
All signs point to an active feeder
trade the rest of the season. Corn Is
maturing by the million bushels dally,
and every day of high temperatures
aarvea to Increase the demand for thinv
cattle. Breeder Gasette, Chicago.
MARKET PEACHES.
Some Points on Cultivation and the'
' Uao- of Fertilizers. :
Living In one of the best fruit sec
tions of New Tori" 1 have been Inter
ested in growla peaches and other
fruits for bout thir!"-five years, Bays
a writer in New England Homestead.
Practically all sorts do well In. Niagara
county. Our soil is a gravelly one, es
pecially adapted to fruit cnltnre. 'Peach
trees are at their best when about
4 .. ' ..-'V"' t sot
f,::., .. SHOCK PEACHES. -. , . f, V - .
eight years old;- Some' 'trees "t: this
.m. Ill A1A hun. fnnif h, ftm hnalil
-els annually. X tunic it Dest -to -prune
In the spring.- We cut1 wut the tops .'
and all dead- wood that may result :
. from winter freezing or other causes. :.
I think: it well to keep all wood that
Is not aettve cut out. " ' ' i
: We begin cultivation in our orchards v
as soon as the ground is dry enough .
In the spring. We use a pulverizer
nure in :the orchard when and where
it is needed, this being put on during
the winter. We thin our peachesreg
ularly and find it pays.
In the same Journal is given an il
lustration of Beer's Smock, which is
popular as a market peach in the or-j
cnard sections of Michigan. It ripens
. 1 The samples shown were taken from !
a tree seven years old and from which
was gathered last season four bushels
of prime fruit. They netted the grow
er $2 per bushel at the orchard. . .
TOOLS AND WAGONS.
Providing Shelter For All Implements
Saves Expense.
"I either shelter my tools or burn
them. A tool not worth sheltering Is
not worth keeping. My wagon has not
been out four nights in the ten years
that I have run it. The hay rack is
drawn up ' by pulleys' over the barn
floor, exceptwhen I thrash, and then
it is put in a tool barn.
"My horse rake has been in use over
twenty summers and has never had a
tire set. I have had but two mowing
machines in my farming, and I seldom
cut less than eighty acres each year.
My potato crates are kept sheltered
and filled and set In the cellar. They
have strips under them to keep them
off the ground." -.
These, were the words of a very care
ful farmer and a successful one. Go-
sleighs, harrows, cultivators, etc., scat
tered about His tools are, kept in re
pair, and he does not buy more than
he can shelter.
' By Way of Contrast .
I went through a farmer's (orchard,
bapk of his barn,: last fall, and it had
the remains of nearly a dozen old
wagons standing around, with -tall
weeds grown up through and among
them and -.gone to seed. I wondered
how he would gather his apples, says
a writer Ja American Cultivator.' It
would be a tedious and unsatisfactory
task to cut these weeds.
. Many of , these wagons might have
been repaired for very much less than
the cost of new ones. -Above all, he
was in debt for the wagons bought to
replace these old. ones. A self binder
that cor.t $125, on which he has been
, Interest for ten years. Stood
' '77
, Next to providing shelter for wagons
and tools it is wise to have a place
where they may be comfortably re
paired in winter or on rainy days.
Holding Cotton at Home.
I will tell you jabw I have done for
thirty years here in Texas, says a
writer in Farm and Ranch. When in
the fall I begin to pick sell when the
price suits me. Then when it gets low- J
er by the rush of cotton on the market
I place large rails or poles skinned flat
, on Kround three feet apart and place
m cotton on edgewise, not
touching each other. After the first
TaSa t chanKe the: bale on the other
Bnd continue this plan as late as
M waiung upon the market and
eeWn wnen t get ready or am :om.
not caUing npon
i banker or merchadtor any other per
I xhjs cotton, every bale, has kept
perfectly sound, and not a pound is the
least damaged.
' .
Virgin Soil For Hotbeds. .
Prepare the soil for hotbeds now.
Virgin-soil from the woods is best for
bedding melons, cukes and sweet po-
tatoes. It Is nearly mways dry and
easily handled in October. Haul and
pHe It up near the hotbeds so that it
can.be covered later on. Then when
Jbedaing time comes It will ha In- line
ahape to work. Fa"- JonrnaL .
v.
ISl arm and
Gairden
QUALITY IN CORN.
Tremendous Influence of Seed on the :
' :' Percentage of Yield, a
' The wide variations, observed with a :
large number of seed corn samples ;
tested at the Virginia experiment' sta
tion show that the corn breeder can
quickly change the characteristics of ;
the crop, increasing or decreasing the !
size of the stalk, number of ' leaves, '
length and shape of ear and the per
cent of grain.. To select and improve
corn successfully one must make an -"Individual
study, of the desirable and
.undesirable . qualities ' of .the several
EXCELLENT AND POOIt QUAIiITY.
plants and ears and know which to- se
lect and which to reject or failure will
follow. The importance of choosing
e right ears is shown by the fact
in X905 and from 34.79 to 81.69 bushels
in 1906 -
Different strains of the same variety
of corn may vary greatly in yield. In
the cut the ear on the left is the prod
uct from learning corn and shows ex
cellent quality. The ear on the right
Is from another strain of the same va
riety and shows very bad quality.
When large and small ears were se
lected from the different samples, the
history of which was known, it was
observed that the large ears in every
instance made a more vigorous ger
mination and a higher yield, j amount
ing in some instances to nearly eleven
bushels per acre. This is a point that
should be carefully considered by corn
growers.
Wheat In the Cotton Belt.
The first week in November Is early
enough to sow wheat throughout the
middle portion of the cotton belt. This
crop often succeeds well sown as late"
as Dec. 1, provided the conditions
shall be favorable for germination for
two weeks after sowing (not too cold
and wet). Land covered with a thick
growth of grass, cowpeaa or other veg
etation is not considered the best con
dition for wheat for the reason that
wheat likes a compact, smooth surface
soil. Turn your land well, then har
row, then roll with a heavy roller,
then sow the seed. one or one and a
half, ton roller run over a freshly plow
ed and harrowed surface once or twice
will compact the three or four Inches
of surface soil. The wheat seed should
then be put in with a regular wheat
drill, says a southern authority. I
would not apply less than 400 pounds
of fertilizer per acre and would prefer
500 to 600 pounds' unless the land be
already rich. I recommend this for
mula: Two hundred pounds acid phos
phate, 400 pounds of cottonseed meal
and fifty pounds of muriate of potash
per acre, supplemented with a top
dressing of fifty to seventy-five pounds
of nitrate of soda in March it the ap
pearance of the plants seem to indi
cate the need of more nitrogen.
- . Grading Apples.
Some apple growers In ' the Hood
river region have been using the- grad
ing board shown' in the figure. A com
mon board or piece of pasteboard is
hung up before" the wiper. In this
board holes are cut the size of various
THE GRADING BOARD.
ftiers, such as three, three and one-half
and four tier, etc. As the apples are
wiped they are properly tiered. The
advantage of this method is that the
packers' have" the apples -practically
graded and can do much more work
in a -day, and after the first half day
the wipers can usually accomplish
fully as much as with the old method.
Beans Fed to Swine.
Beans can be fed to swine only In
the cooked form, " The pig seems to be
unable to utilize beans which are at
all hard or firm, even though they have
been boiled for some time; hence it Is
ery essential that they be tbropghly
and carefully cooked, says R.T3. Shaw,
Michigan... To supply a single feed of
half cooked beans to a pen of hogs
robs them of their appetites and relish
for their food,. if indeed It does not
put them off their feed. ;
The :
Dairyman
Writing from Marin county, Carl., a ;
correspondent says in Hoard's Dairy
man: One sees great quantities of oat -hay
in this part of the county and
little alfalfa. In conversation with
valley farmer living a considerable dis- I
tance from the coast he stated that In
his locality the soil does not seem to
be adapted for it, as It failed to thrive.
During the long wet season from No
vember to May water stands on the
bottom lands much of the time, and
the alfalfa is killed out; otherwise it
might do welL
But the oat hay seems well adapted
for the purpose of provender, and it
proves an exceedingly good crop. It is
cut with an ordinary mowing machine
when in the soft, dough stage and is
cured the same as hay. To an east
erner it looks like straw, and the man
who, upon being asked to help himself
to hay for his horse, replied later that
he couldn't flod any hay, but fed the
animal some straw, mlgtif easily have
been pardoned for the mistake.
. Some idea of the money value of the
crop may be gained when a man can
grow, as one rancher here has done the
present year, $3,000 worth: of-it from
a 160 acre farm.: Prices are high this
year, ranging from $17 to $20 per ton,
and the yield is good.. Butter is high
also, . selling for 35 cents per pound
brick at the present time. "But it is
good QuaUt. ...
V i g or In
The Flock.
We have learned from the words of
caution which have been given by ex
perienced shepherds and expressed by
standard ' sheep literature v that the
most important thing in the handling
,of a flock qf sheep is to obtain aid in
crease, if possible, a high state of vig
or." We call to mind the emphatic
words of Mr. Greeley in our institute
work In Minnesota when he laid so
much stress upon the carriage of the
ram, the full and aggressive look of
the eye, the broad chest, as shown by
a front look at the ram, with fullness
of the ribs behind the shoulden, oil of
which are Indications of that high type
of vigor which is so essential for the
ram at the head of the flock.
There is no question but that one of
the most important things to be done
today to.advance sheep husbandry is
to secure" the better breeding of the
full bloods which we needfor our farm
flocks, so that we shall not only have
good mutton quality with a good wool
product (which can be done), but also
have that high type of vigor whjch is
so essential to the successful handling
of a flock of sheep.
The feeders of lambs have learned'
that there Is a wide difference In vigor
between the range lamb and the lamb
"from the farm. The per cent of 'in
crease in the flocks of the range is not
equal to the per cent of increase we
may have -upon our farms. Their
losses very naturally take out from
their . flocks the weaker ones by that
law so well recognized viz, the sur
vival of the fittest the strongest
Consequently when the feeders buy
the western lambs they buy the sur
vivors of, the flock. With us on the
farm, where we provide shelter and
feed properly, we will get an increase
of at i least about 100 per cent and in
that 100 per cent there will be a cer
tain number that lack in this high type
of vigor and strength. I have some
times said that a sheep would die
without giving a single excuse. O. C.
Gregg, Dakota.
. Notable Shropshire Aam.
j One of the most famous Shropshire
' rams In this country is Dream Star.
: American Agriculturist states that ho
, DBBAM STAR, A FAMOUS BAM.
was a prize winner, at numerous shows
in England, where he was bred, t was
imported and is now at Altamont stock
farm, Dutchess county, N. T.
This typical animal was shown six
times in this country, winning many"
first prizes and three grand, cham
pionships. He Paid the Freight.
"Isn't that a new bonnet Tnyour
mother ?" asked Miss Nearsite.
"I believe bo," replied Miss
Wheedler, "but papa insists it's on
him." Minneapolis Journal.
A Timid Folk.
"England hasn't had a war for
some time." -
"Eo, they don't dare. There
afraid Alfred Austin might write
an ode about it." New York Life.
.Two Views of a Bear.
He was a "sear" before they wed;
; She said It was all right.
"I like such bears," she softly i
"Because , they, hug so tight!"
"oV
l"Je Invite
Your inspection - pf out
Stock oi
Ladies' and Misses'
Coats
Wool Drees Goods, Cotton
Wash Dresb Fabrics
pur Stock, is Cem
plete in Every Detail
at Right Prices. .
Henkle & Davis
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UNDERTAKERS
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Successors lo S. N. Wilkins, Corvallls,
Oregon. Pbooe45. 89U
HENKLE A BLACKLEDGE. UNDER
taker and lirene embalmeis. South
Main St., Corvallis, Or. - y
ATTORNEYS
J. F. YATES. ATTOBNEY-AT-LATlC
Office up ftafrs in Zierolf BniMine.
Only set of abstracts in Benton County
E. R. BRYSON ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Office in Post Office Building, Corval
lis, Oregon.
WANTED
WASTED 560 8TTB8CRIBER8 TO THE
: Gassttk and Weekly , Oregonian at
(2.60 per year.
HOfilES FOR SALE
WILL 8ELL LOTS IN CORVALLIS,.
Oregon, on instalment plan sndaa
fst purchasers to boild homes on then
if desired. Address First National-.
; Bank, Corvallis, Or.
WILL SELL MY LOT8 IN NEWPORT.
Or., for spot cash, balance instsi
- moots, and help parties to build homes-.
thereon, U desired. Address M. S.
Woodcock, Oo-vaJlie, Or.
BANKING.
CorvalXs, Oregon, transacts a general ''
' conservative baokine business. Loans
money on approved security. Drafts
bought and sold and money transferred
to the principal cities of the United
The Gazette
for Job Work-
CASTOR I A
For Infants and Children.
The Kind You Have Always Bought'
. Bears the
Signature of
i