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About Corvallis gazette. (Corvallis, Benton County, Or.) 1900-1909 | View Entire Issue (April 9, 1907)
FARROWING IN COLD WEATHER The pig bom the last of March or In April Is behind the money, to use a race track expression. True, be may be fed on until after the holidays, and that will be the more profitable for the man who wants to grow pork largely on forage. Most men feed for the arlier market, however, and would have their pigs farrowed in February Instead of April if they thought they Could save them. I want to give a very simple method of doing so, writes N. P. Miller of Ohio in American Agri culturist. It presupposes good farrow ing quarters, not expensive, but a place that can be kept dry from above and from below and where an attendant can get to and about the sow. It also presupposes a sow that you can safely approach when she is farrowing. Then you must know when she Is going to farrow and be there. All that is then needed to save pigs in the coldest weather is a half barrel or tub,, a jug of hot water, a blanket and a man. Put the tub near the sow, the Jug of hot water in it, cover with the blanket to retain the heat and then put each pig in the tub as quickly as born. After the sow is through farrow ing and quiet lift the pigs out and see that each finds a teat. When they are through nursing put all back into the tub. Return to the mother every two hours' and replace in the tub for the first day., If the sow has been properly fed before farrowing and properly not fed for tweuty-four hours afterward you can pretty nearly count the hogs you will have to market in the fall. Should the weather remain very cold the second and third weeks of their lives they will need to be forced to ex ercise else they will die of suffocation. Do this by lii'ting them out of their bed Into another stall or put them into a box and let them struggle to get back to their bed. See that the mother Is free from lice before farrowing. Keep the bed free from moisture and dust and get the sun's rays directly into the bed. Then change the bedding frequently, and you have supplied the appointments of a pig paradise. Convenience For Slaughtering;. The finest hogs must finally die, and to dress them lefore the season gets late and the market is glutted is often DERRICK FOB EAISCJO HOGS. Wisest. Many farmers dread butcher ing time because of the hard lifting and long hours of labor. Most of this Is unnecessary and due to lack of prep aration and inconveniences. A derrick for raising the hogs and hanging the pork and a butchering out fit are readily put together by any one who is handy with tools and will get a few bolts and irons at the blacksmith shop. Even a beef may be hung up by the arrangement shown. This derrick Is made of three timbers, each thirteen feet long. The roller for the rope may be made of a round stick four inches in diameter. It is worked smaller where it is clamped to the derrick. An iron rod passed loosely through augur holes in the derrick can be used as a brake to hold the cranks when tDe rope is wound up enough. The illustrations, taken from the American Agriculturist, tell their own story. The scalding tub, table and hangers may be set near the derrick. CONVENIENT SCALDING VAT. The hoist thus places the pigs in the tub. The outfit is readily taken down and laid in a wagon to borrow or lend. The whole thing should be bolted to gether so it cannot slip and in such manner that it will never need nailing. The crossbars for hanging should be five to seven inches thick. Vicious Bulla. It is no uncommon thing to read of a stockman beiug injured or killed by a vicious bull. Within a few years we have known five such cases besides what we have read about In two of these the bulls were known to be vicious, and the trouble came in spite of the ordinary precautions; in others It was the result of carelessness. The only thing to do with a bull that is known to be vicious is not to handle him at all. If he is of such great value that it is desirable to keep him he can be provided for and used without han dling, though this is troublesome and expensive. If he Is not exceptionally valuable let the bologna maker handle him. It is almost a proverb that the gentle bull is the dangerous bulL This slniply means that any bull, no mat ter how gentle he may seem to be, Is liable to go bad without warning and tnaim or kill the man who is handling him. Handle all bulls with this idea in mind, never getting In such a corner that an attack comes when there Is no avenue of escape or means of protec tion. Some people have the idea that beef bred bulls are not dangerous; that the dairy bred bulls do all the damage. It Is true that the latter are most Ha ble to become vicious, but the others sometimes develop an evil temper too. The only safe rule, says the National ' Stockman and Farmer, is never to 1 trust any mature hull too far. I yy It -rki RIFLE SHOOTING. Develops tbe Arms. Luis an Chest and Trains the Eye. It Is not only the muscles of the arm which are tested by properly organ ized rifle shooting. It supplies an ex cellent exercise for the chest and lungs. One of the first things tt young rifle shot has to learn is how to take a deep breath, to fill the lungs with ah-, and then to hold the breath while the rifle is kept absolutely steady and the finger is gradually tightening on the trigger. A glance at any successful rifle shot will show you a man with a deep chest and full powers of breath ing. Any form of recreation which trains the muscles of the arm and exercises the chest and lungs would seem likely to be beneficial to health, but if that is not enough there is the unequaled training which rifle shooting gives to the eye and to the hand working with the eye. The writer remembers hear ing a musketry instructor boast that he had lengthened not only his own sight, but the sight of scores of boys whom he had taught how to use their eyes in aiming at a target, .by two or three hundred yards,- simply by con tinued practice at long distance shoot ing. It is astonishing what results can be obtained in this way by placing a rifle on a sand bag raised on a tripod and making the pupil aim as accurate ly as be can at any distant object. The eye can be trained, of course, equally well, though the sight will not neces sarily be lengthened, by aiming at ob jects close at hand. London Spectator. CHILDREN'S CRIMES. Arson, Theft and Train Wrecking: Common, Forgery Rare. Children's crimes are recognized by criminologists as a large and impor tant branch of criminology. The com monest of children's crimes are arson, stealing and train wrecking, and the rarest is forgery. Arson, in the country especially, is frequently a crime of childhood. Coun try children set fire to haystacks, barns and sheds in order to see the great bright flames leap skyward. Children commit arson, in a word, out of a love of fireworks. Children often wreck trains. Some times they do this from reading about romantic train wreckers. More often they do it out of curiosity. They pile obstructions on the track to see what will happen. They have no idea that anything very serious will happen. Children, of course, steal a good deal. The best of men and women, looking back on their childhood, can recall many a theft. Stealing is natural. Children now and then murder. Their motive is always jealousy. Thus In Vienna a boy of ten, jealous of his brother and sister, who seemed to be more petted than himself, killed both of them and then took his own life. Philadelphia Bulletin. The Way In Turkey. In the days when M. Paul Cambon represented the interests of the French republic at Constantinople Mme. Sarah Bernhardt, who had been touring In eastern Europe, was desirous of giving a dramatic representation at Yildiz kiosk. The sultan was willing, and the terms were duly arranged with the keeper of the wardrobe, the worthy pasha who has the control of all enter tainments at Yildiz. But the pasha held out his hand for more backsheesh than La Belle Sarah felt inclined to give, and so the long looked for rep resentation did not take place. Sarah Bernhardt lost by it 1,000 and the coveted order of the Chefekat. Her mann, the conjurer, knowing the ropes better than the French actress, squared the keeper of the wardrobe, gave his show and got his thousand pounds. Exchange. Remodeled. After being injured by a bull of pe culiarly savage temper John Wesson was under a doctor's care for a con siderable time and thereby incurred a heavy bill for medical attendance. When he was almost well one of his old . friends who had called upon him said he congratulated him on looking so well after such a long illness. "Looking well!" echoed John. "I should be looking well. There's been $150 spent in repairs on me lately, and I'm not finished yet!" The Prlvlleare of Peers. There is a curious case in Fortescue's "reports" relating to the privilege of peers, in which the bailiff who many years ago arrested a lord was forced by the court to kneel down and ask his pardon, though he alleged that he had acted by mistake, for that his lordship had a dirty shirt, a wornout suit of clothes and only sixpence In his' pocket, so that he could not be lieve that he was a peer and arrested him through inadvertence. Green Bag. He Died Anyhow. This was the way a native physician In India filled out a death certificate: "I am of a mind that he died (or lost his life) for want of foodlngs or on ac count of starvation. Maybe also for other things for comfortables, and most probably he died by drowning." The Original "Village Blacksmith T" Dunchurch. near Rugby, claims that its smithy is the original forge which Inspired the famous verses on "The Tillage Blacksmith." It Is a pictur esque old place, and the "spreading chestnut tree" still flourishes In front of It London Strand. No Need For a Leader. The society reporters always speak of a bride being "led to the altar. Just as though a bride couldn't find her own way there blindfolded. Philadelphia Record. FEEDING SWINE. Clean Food Repaired to i .. Good Meat. , .-!--'.,- , ' The main expense in raising swine is their feed, and it is the duty of the feeder to get the most out of it that he possibly can. Some : farmers . make a mistake in throwing feed to their hogs land letting them take care of it. When I hogs are fed In this way they do not : receive the full benefit of the feed, for ' a portion of it is wasted. We must re i member that one day's poor feeding I will more than counterbalance two jdays of good feeding. J Regularity In feeding swine is of very great importance, though some are slow in realizing this fact. The diges tive systems of animals adapt them selves to receive food at certain times, and if the food is not given at the ex pected time the animal is worried thereby. This results in loss of one kind or another. Frequently the food, being late, is taken in too large quanti ties or too hurriedly for the best good of the animal. For this reason it is to our advantage, as well as the hog's, to make it a rule to feed him at exactly the same time each day. ' We must be careful what we feed. Any old thing that no other animal will look at is not good enough for hog feed. We cannot expect good meat un less clean food is used. Some farmers, no doubt, congratulate themselves that they have all the corn their hogs will consume and that there is no better feed. They will start the hogs exclu sively on corn at the commencement of the fattening period, using no care not to give them too much of it, and finally the result Is that the- appetite and di gestion of tthe hogs are Injured, and they are given a backset that they will not readily overcome. Corn should be fed in small quantities at first, gradu ally increasing the amount as the hogs' stomachs become stronger until they are on full feed, says a writer in Farm Press. Better results are produced by feeding corn In relatively small quanti ties in conjunction with mill foods, alfalfa and clover hay and such foods as turnips, artichokes, etc. CUTTING ICE. Inexpensive Homemade Plow "With j Gauge Attachment. I A good supply of ice can be put in without any cash outlay worth speak ing of. I store mine in the north end at a shed which I partitioned off and IOE PLOW. double walled. Ice kept pretty well last year simply packed closely and covered with sawdust I borrowed a saw. The plow was homemade and Is plenty good enough for farm use. The teeth are from old chisels or files bent and sharpened by the blacksmith and clamped with bolts between two thir ty inch 2 by 3 inch beams. The gauge piece is another thirty inch beam 4 by 3 inches and shod with a piece of three eighths by two and a half inch iron of the same length. This iron runs in the previous groove and regulates the width of the cut and size of the cakes. The gauge piece is connected with the other part by iron braces twenty inches long and an iron crosspiece about twenty-five Inches long, says a writer in American Cultivator. The handles of the plow are from an old land plow. Care of Poultry. The hens do not suffer so much for green food when the weather is nice and there is no snow on the ground. They eat the grass and seem to relish it though It is dead and brown. At this season we give the specked ap ples at sorting time to the hens. We find that a place for hens to scratch pays for Itself In one winter in the fowls' health and in eggs. It won't do to allow the hens to huddle in one corner half dead if it's healthy fowls and eggs we're after. The litter that accumulates where the hay Is thrown on the barn floor makes the best kind of scratching material. The hens search out the fine seeds and eat every clover leaf. We are learning the value of bran as a hen food. In their soft food for breakfast we use bran as a basis. It gives bulk. It is one of the-desirable feeds that are not too expensive with eggs at present prices. An experienced poultry breeder says bran is a good regulator of the system, and I know, if other, conditions are right, the feed ing of bran largely will increase the egg yield. H. M. W. In Ohio Farmer. Irriaratlon. Irrigation laws are probably next In Importance to the homestead laws, which were so potent in building up farm communities in which the owners immediately became good citizens and ultimately prosperous. Irrigation, for Instance, is providing the means foi making a beautiful garden out of east ern Washington by utilizing the hun dreds of streams that have been run ning to waste. The United States gov ernment will get every dollar back that it invests In Irrigation works. Farm Press. For Shut la Hens. In regions where the hens go into winter quarters about November and seldom get out till the snow melts in April green cut bone is advisable to take the place of insects, grubs, etc, that the hens find when foraging dar ing the summer months. HANDY DEVICE. Western Contrivance . For Uftina Heavy .Objects. Sometimes a few hours spent in mak ing some device will save much hard :lifting that falls to the lot of es-ery farmer. Such a device is fw.id on a i western farm. It is a co::- r"!iee for loading and ualoading crated hogs or other heavy objects, as barrels of salt, molasses, etc. , , The illustration shows a crate about to be raised from the hog house door. FOB BAI9INO A CRATE. As soon as it is high enough the wagon is backed under and the work is done. The beam overhead is braced with a rod and on the Inside of house. It should be a 2 by 6. For heavy lifting a small windlass may be used, which will make it still easier to elevate the load. Iowa Homestead. MUTTON FINISHING. A New Sheep Feeding -Era In the Corn Belt. Mutton finishing operations in th corn belt have been hampered this year by scarcity and high prices of thm range sheep and lambs, according to Breeder's Gazette, Chicago, which fur ther says: These a few years ago went beg ging at Chicago and Omaha. Now val ues are decidedly out of line with fin ished stock, practically eliminating the finisher's margin and forcing him to feed largely for the gain. In other words, the man out west proposes to go out of the business of selling feeders and finish everything at home. "The fact must be apparent to any close student that the west will not long continue to furnish the east with material to fill its feed lots," said Mr. Knolling, an Idaho breeder. "With the rapid settlement of the west and ex tension of the Irrigated area devoted to small grains and alfalfa, feed will become abundant, and It must be con sumed on the ground, owing to long hauls and expensive freights. The grain and hay grower in the west will need every sheep and lamb available as a medium for converting his crops Into an easily transported marketable commodity. This is why Michigan, Ohio and othert eastern states cannot depend on the west for a supply of feeders In the future. If they intend to continue in the business of making fat mutton it Is up to them to resume breeding." Bedding the Stock. To go out in the morning and find your hog troughs full of snow and their drinking fountains frozen up, your milk cows humped up In one cor ner of the yard and the calves that never saw snow before bawling, the chickens and turkeys stuck in the snow bank, the old pump frozen up, etc., how happy It makes you feel! It doesn't take long, however, for the thrifty man to get things in shape and everything comfortable. There is nothing that helps to usher in the winter pleasantly so much as plenty of straw for sheds, pens and stables. I think there Is mon ey in keeping everything bedded well, says a writer in Iowa Homestond. Support For Berry Bnshes. In many localities raspberry and blackberry bushes must be tied up to prevent neavy snows from stripping oft the tender shoots that will pro duce the fruit of the coming season. The usu al stakes and supports are in the way of the wise suppobt. cultivator. The cut shows an excellent plan for sup porting the bushes in rows between two wires fastened to each post This method keeps the bushes erect and gives a clear open space between rows for the cultivator and for the pickers. Farm Journal. Nursery Stock For Spring:. If fruit trees are bought for next spring's planting do not have them de livered until nearly ready to plant them. Let the nurseryman take care of them until then. And do not receive them unless they are In good si ape and fren from insect pests. BREAKING THE COLT. Teaching; Him to Take .the Bit awl -Wear -.the Harness. Bitting and harnessing should not be done by driving or riding, but by put ting a light bridle with an ordinary snaffle bit on the colt and leaving it on for a few hours each day until he ceases to "fight the bit" after which gentle pressure by the use of the check rein attached to a surcingle should be given and the pressure gradually in creased by shortening the check until . we get him- to hold his head in about the position we want. This teaches him to carry a good head and at the same time to yield to pressure upon ! the bit. His mouth becomes accustom I ed to it, and we avoid the sore mouths so often seen in colts when they are driven or ridden without preliminary fitting. Then harness should be put on and the colt allowed to run in a large box stall or paddock for a few hours each day until he becomes accustomed to having the harness put on, to wearing It and having it removed without fear or nervousness. He is then ready to be driven, which may be done either with a good mannered mate or singly. I do not think it wise to drive two colts together at first. In fact, I pre fer teaching a colt to go singly first and then we seldom have trouble when we want him to go with a mate, but many prefer driving him with a steady but prompt old horse first Whichever we do, I think we should drive him a few times with just the harness before hitching to a rig. It is well to give him a few lessons this way first Teach him to stand, go on, back, etc., and allow him to see all the sights that are liable to frighten him. When he is hitched we should see that both harness and rig are strong. The idea that "any old thing" is good enough to hitch a colt to is en tirely wrong. The "old thing" may break and the colt injure himself or run away and thereby learn habits that he Is very slow to forget Have things so strong that they are not liable to break, and be in a position to conquer him without violence or harshness if he acts badly, as will sometimes occur notwithstanding all our trouble. If driving singly it's wise to use a kick ing strap for the first few times. Farmers Advocate. Raisins Calves. Our method of bringing up calves is as follows: The calf is left with the dam for three days. We believe that there are elements in the mother's milk at that time that are essential to the calf. Furthermore, it is but natural for the calf to remain with the cow during this time, and it is nothing more than right. At the end of three days the calf is taken away and taught to drink milk. We give it nine quarts of milk per day for about a month, when we add a little oil meal mush and skim milk from the separator. This is mix ed with the whole milk and gradually increased until the calf Is six weeks old, at which time the whole milk is taken away. The calves are then giv en ground oats and bran and a little clover hay, which is increased as they develop. Bolt & Huey, Schuyler Coun ty, N. Y. Alfalfa Experiments. At the Utah experiment station al falfa was cut at different stages of growth and analyzed. It was found that when about six inches high the protein was two-thirds as much as the starchy and fatty materials, but when the plant was in full bloom the- pro tein was about one-third as much as the starchy and fatty materials. Al falfa, clover, vetches and peas are very nutritious when they are mature or nearly so, but when they are young and tender they do not contain enough carbohydrates or starchy matter to balance the protein (muscle makers). THE VETERINARY A slight cut on a horse's tongue will usually heal and make no trouble. A bad cut may need a few stitches taken In it by a surgeon. Short Teeth In Horses. If your horse begins to hang his tongue out of his mouth when driving have the teeth examined. The trouble Is usually caused by short teeth. At tend to it or it may become a habit and is most objectionable. Harsh bits will also cause this habit, says the Farm Journal. Treatment of Stomach Worms. Turpentine is ' largely used in the treatment of stomach worms in sheep. It is administered as an emulsion with milk (one part turpentine to sixteen parts of milk). The emulsion should be well shaken before drenching the animal. The dose is two ounces for a lamb and four ounces for an adult and to be effective it should be repeated daily for two or three days. Choking Cattle. A breeder who has bad quite a little experience with the different ways of removing obstructions from the throats of choking cattle finds that a short piece of rubber hose is the best thing to use. The hose admits air and is not so apt to slide by the obstruction. Therefore It is better than a whip ttock or any solid instrument Sore Month In Young pigs. Sore mouth in little pigs is a very troublesome thing. The only way to prevent this is to take out their little tusks when they are about one day old. It Is fighting for the teat that causes this and Is very much worse in wet weather than in dry on account of the mud that forms a sore, followed by In flammation and swelling. A very good remedy is to wash off with carbolic! add and warm water. Use only a very little carbolic acid. Additional Local. . A rather small audience witnessed the game of basketball at the armory, Fri day night, between the OorvalUs High School and a Philomath team. The score was 25 to 32 in favor of Corvallis. Mr. and Mrs. Lewis Hartlev departed Saturday for the Bohemia mines. Lon Hawlev of Bellefountain transact ed business in Corvallis, Saturday, One of the most elaborate "sprea d s" given in Corvallis this season was en joyed at the Marvin restaurant, Saturday night, when the Jeffersoniau literary society of O.VC entertained the Pierian members. The dining room was very prettily arranged and the menu included all tbe delicacies that could be desired. Covers were laid for 70, and the affair was heartily enjoyed. The Gazette is requested , to atate that the two children of Mr, and Mrs. Charles Ynung who are suffering with, scarlet fever were taken ill while at school. This announcement is made that ia case of other pupils becoming ill the pareuts will keep them closely at home nntil their ailment is determined by proper persons. - Under the circumstances more cases are likely to develop. For ton Adams returned home, Sunday, from Portland, where he went as a dele, gate from the local lodge to the K. O. T. M. convention. Conrad Myers of Albany spent Sunday with friends in this city. Born, Sunday, to Mr. and Mrs. Roy Warfield in Alsea, a daugh ter. Darwin G. Thayer, ot Rainier, and Miss Belle Bonnev will be va'ediutoriaa and talutatorian, respectively, of tbe 'O7 graduating class at OAC. Both are very bright and popular students. The last military ball of the season oc curs at the armory ou the 19th. The Peerless orchestra of Salem will furnish music. The heavy rains the last of the week caused another small sized flood in the Willamette, the bottom land across the river being; flooded at the present time. As a result of the high water the freight had to be removad from the dock in this city, Sunday, and the draymen had to break the Sabbath by hauling it to a place of safety. CUT GREEN BONE. A Great Ecg Maker Which Should Be Fed -Regularly to the Fowls. One of the best and, in fact, one of the most necessary poultry foods is green bone, says It. II. Jones in Amer ican Poultry Advocate. No other food can entirely take its place. There are different food elements required for fowls, and one of the most essential is protein. The other elements are also necessary, but this is the one which is given the most attention by poultry men. In green cut bone we find a large percentage of this most essential ele ment; hence its value as a food. There may be some objections to feeding green bone for several reasons, but it Is certain that the advantages fully compensate for them. Green cut bone can be fed advan tageously to fowls intended for many different purposes and under different conditions. It is a great help In has tening the growth of young birds. Al so when fed to layiug hens the egg yield will be increased wonderfully and the poultry raiser well paid for the labor expended. It is a food which all fowls readily eat and it must be fed judiciously that is to say, not too much must be given at a time. It Is a recognized fact that animal food must be given in some form, and, while It may be supplied in other ways, this is undoubtedly the most economical and satisfactory. It should recommend itself to poul trymen, as it is of a very reasonable cost The bones can be obtained In abundance from any butcher, by whom they are generally regarded as waste. Often they can be had gratis, but even If it is necessary to pay a cent a pound for them the investment will be a good one. The poultryman should by all means have a good green bone cutter. The cost price is very reasonable, and they will more than pay for themselves. The bones are put in the machine as they are received from the butcher. There are usually small pieces of meat adhering to them, and these the ma chine will also reduce to whatever fineness may be desired. CHulen ProdueCs For Horses. Gluten products for horses may bo fed with good results in connection with oats, corn or other grain. Begin by giving to each horse each day about half a pint or half a pound of gluten feed or gluten meal. After a few days increase slightly, but at no time should these concentrated feeds constitute more than from one-fourth to one-half the horse's grain ration. Feed For Young Lambs. A writer In Breeder's Gazette, Chi cago, gives the following treatment for , a motherless lamb, the mother dying at its birth: Take four teaspoonfuls of fresh milk, one of cream, two of wa ter and add a little sugar. That is a feed for a quite young lamb, and it is fed every ninety minutes and three or four times during the night at first. The feed is Increased gradually day by day, but not till after the third day. A hungry lamb is safe, so he Is not too hungry. When a week old the lamb is fed once in two hours, and gradually the time of feeding may lengthen with age and the amount of feed Increase. ,