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About Corvallis gazette. (Corvallis, Benton County, Or.) 1900-1909 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 20, 1906)
CARE OF CREAM. RESERVE EWE" LAMBS. The .Michigan experiment station has begun a ver- important line of work and one which deserves wide attention. In the fall of 1U01 it purchased twenty grade Sharthorn cows. Xoae of the an imals contain a lare percentage of Bhorthorn blood, yet they have eaousTi to give the evenness and uniformity Bought in a foundation herd. The first year's report of this grade herd says: "In maintaining a grade dairy herd' at this institution two chief ends are sought first and foremost, to show ob jectively how the common dairy stocks of this state can be improved as to quantity and qncility of milk produc tion by a rational and continued sys tem of up grading, and, second, to show the effect of careful feeding and man agement upon average, common or even Inferior dairy animals. While the stocking of farms with pure bred dairy animals is desirable and strongly Ad vised, it is generally recognised that the great mats of Improvement anions flaky cattle must came from intelli gent up grading. Ia select!:::; tlie foun dation stock for a grace dairy herd at tention was given first t; tlie health and general physical characteristics of each individual selected. 'For breeding purposes the herd is divided into i'cur groups or subherds of live animals each. One of these groups is t-j be bred continuously to Jersey bulls and the female progeny bred in the sane line, another group to be bred continuously tr Ilolstein bulls and the female progeny in the same lino. The third group fs to be bred in the same nay to Guernsey bulls and the fourth to Shorthon bv.llri." The average results of the herd are as folio .yk: M.'lk. X2r: pounds; butter, 93 pounds: cost of feed, 33.07; value of iTodnctf, 39.05, and pront of ever Iced, ?33.5,f. The poorest cow give in the year 1,2(15 pounds of nilk. "forty-eight pounds of r-utter and vas kept at a loss I of 9.SS. 1 The most profitable cow gave 8,113 , pounds of milk, 422 pounds of butter and returned a net profit over feed consumed of G0.C1. j Despite the logic of these facts, j which are different In no way from j hundreds of other instances where rec ords have been hop":, how few, very tow. farmers and breeders of pure bred cattle think that it pays to test, says Hoard's Dairyman. What can a man do that will pay better? A Fine IlolKteln. The subject of thi: Illustration, from Kimball's Dairy Farmer, is Genie Clothi lde, 48,097, a registered Holstein Friesian, owned by W. W." Cheney of the Clark farms, I.Janlius, N. Y. She GENIE CLOTH ItiDE. has been tested In four different years and has increased her test each time. 'At the agre of four years and seven months she mode seventeen pounds three-nintba ounces of butter in a week. At the ae of five years and nine months hep record was 21.68 pounds of butter, ami when seven years and one month old she made 22.G8 pounds of butter. ' Studr the Individual Cow. I see before me in this room men who have grown gray in the business, men Who may be coiidered well off rich ,who do not owe anybody a dollar and hnve plenty to take care of them. They dv not do :nuch no w. They have ceas ed to work. Cows have made them well off. But those men have been good dairymen. They have been stu dents of the dairy cow and have learn ed the dairy business from start to finish. They hqve learned that there Is an Individuality In the dairy cow. Just as there Is In men, In dogs or in trotting horses, jurtt as much difference in the Individual ability of dairy cows as there la in the ability of men, and that Is where many dairy farmers fail in studying the Individual cow. We do business with the herd and pay atten tion to the cows collectively and not In dividually. It seems to me that It Is every dairyman's duty to study each cow In his herd. Every herd In this state has some good cows and some poor ones, and In many of the herds the profit derived from good cows is lost In supporting the poor ones. C. H. Everett at Wisconsin Dairymen's Con vention. Handling: Sllagre. For removing the silage from the silo I have found a common four tined ma nure fork a most convenient tool, writes J. r. Fletcher In the National Stockman and Farmer. The larger the fork and the closer together the tines are the faster the work may be accomplished. It is Important, however, that the sur face of the silage be left as nearly level as possible and the amount removed from time to time simply be skimmed off the top to a depth of two or three. Inches each day. It Is never best to thrust the fork down Into the silage five or six Inches as though It were ma nure you were pitching. Simply take off the top layer In as careful a man ner as possible, not loosening up more than Is taken out In this way titers jwlll be oonstferably less -waste ettte by molding or freezing. Thorough Cleanliness XeeecsnrT to Secure a. Good Quality. The cream gathering creamery has many features to recommend It and la alike papular with patrons and factory proprietors, but at the same time we would say this, and say it most em phaticallythat unless we are up and doing the advantages of this system will prove wholly or largely Illusory, for the gain made at the manufactur ing end will more than be swallowed np at the selling end through the manu facturing of butter of an inferior quali ty that must be sold at a reduced price. The herculean task before us in con nection with our cream gathering creameries is the education of the pa trons to properly care for their cream. When the cream leaves the farm, it should be both clean in flavor and sweet. This means care and cleanli ness throughout and the providing of facilities for cooling the cream. The utensils used should be of the best quality and properly cleaned, so t"::"t there will be no danger of contain".. u tion from this source. S'illi I:i n .'lean Place. Specie! c;:re should L? taheu to milk in a clem place and ia as cleanly a manner as possible, for particles of dirt which fall Into the milk at milk ing time are laden with organisms which produce the worst flavors witii which we have to contend and, while harmful at any time, are doubly Fe under the cream gathering creamery system, where the cream Is held for some time before it is sent to the fac tory. The milk should be creamed as soon as possible after milking, and for this purpose we strongly favor the use of a hand separator over any method of setting the milk, as it provides the most efficient and thorough method of creaming the milk and enables us to make a cream of any desired richness. We recommend making a cream test ing about 30 per cent. The quantity to be cooled is greatly reduced, and the cream, if properly cooled, will be one of superior quality. Care should be taken to set the separator in a clean place and to stand it on a floor that can be kept clean, and not on an earth or ground floor, which is sure to get Into bad condition sooner or later through milk being spilled upon and soaking into it and thus causing bad odors. We would again admonish those who have hand separators to keep them thoroughly clean. We have met more separators than one in such a condition that they themselves would contaminate milk put through them. The separator bowl and its parts should not only look clean, but should have a clean smell as well. If giving off any bad odors, examine all tubes and crevices about the bowl, for this is evidence in itself that there is dirt being harbored somewhere. Delivery of Cream. Frequently cream is seriously injured in delivering It to the creamery. We have even seen collectors using ordi nary milk cans in summer for this purpose. Cream received from the patron in the best condition would not under such circumstances reach the creamery In a condition fit for making good butter. The tanks or cans should be well Insulated, and where the latter in particular are used bey should be protected from the sun by means of a good canvas cover on the wagon. One of the most disagreeable flavors imparted to cream is that due to the sun's rays striking directly upon and heating the walls of a can, and this flavor is invariably passed on to the butter. Where the cream is delivered by Individual patrons the can should be covered with a blanket. Superin tendent Mitchell at Meeting of East ern Dairymen's Association. In Kansas a progressive dairyman tested his herd of sixteen cows. He found eight were making good profits and the other eight were eating them up. . The best way to improve the test Is to better the cow. Every heifer raised from an unprofit able cow will make one more unprofit able cow. The dual purpose cow may do for the average farmer, but the dairy farmer wants a profitable cow. Shivering on the warm side of a straw pile and-suffocating In a dark, poorly ventilated stable are two ex tremes. Avoid both this winter. Kim ball's Dairy Farmer. Teach the children to be careful to close the doors and gates, says the Farm Journal. A prize heifer calf was lost by the barn door being left open and the calf gaining access to the chop ped grain, the fact not being known until too late to attempt saving It. Calves grow Into money about as fast as any kind of stock. You have got to keep them moving, though. When a calf stops growing. It is pretty apt to go back first thing you know. Backward things are what swamp the best of us. The quarters for the cows should be put in order, so that when the frosty nights and cold rams come the herd may have proper shelter. Cows are more sensitive and susceptible to cold than most other animals on account of the double drain upon them. Be wise and do not lay the foundation 'for disease and loss by needless exposure. Any loss kn this way in the fall of the year, puts the animals in so much worse condition for wintering. Td loss Is not odly immediate, but is felt all through the winter and causes an ex tra ottoy to restore them to a profita ble emwWkm. Dairy Wisdom In Brief A CONVICT AND A GENTLEMAN Copyright, 1906, by Homer Sprague. It was a calm starlight night, and when I came on duty at 10 o'clock the captain and his family had turned in. There was nothing for my watch to do except in the case of the man on the lookout, and all except him and the , man who stood by the wheel in a per- ' f unctory way were soon sprawled out and asleep. Within the hour I believs that we all slept. If I slept at all, of which I am not sure, it was less than ten minutes by the cabin clock. I was suddenly aroused by some one touching my arm, and I at once responded: "Well, what is it?" I spoke before I turned to the man at my side. When I wheeled on him I saw a stranger. He stood there with his cap in hand, and drawn up -across the deck were fourteen other men, all dressed as French convicts. Every man removed his cap and bowed to me, and as I stood staring the one who had touched me quietly said: "Sir. w.e have come aboard." "But what is it wno are you?" I asked as our voices aroused the man at the wheel. "Our boat is alongside, sir. We are escaped convicts from Cayenne. We did not hail you, and we came aboard without noise. We have been a night and two days at sea. May I hope that our advent will disturb no one?" "Good God, but we are captured by convicts!" I groaned as I finally real ized the situation. "And a worse thing might have hap pened," he replied, with a laugh. "We haven't the slightest intention of cap turing your craft. Our only desire is to work our passage to the north. We have quite a quantity of provisions aboard our boat, and you will find us obeying orders and maintaining the best of discipline.", I descended to the cabin and aroused the captain and in whispers informed him of what had happened. He was of an excitatle nature, and if I had not clapped my hand over his mouth he would have aroused the women with his exclamations. I had to tell him over and over again that the convict3 offered no violence and that their lead er seemed to have them under perfect control before I could quiet him. He was shaking like a leaf when we gain ed the deck, and he afterward told me that he expected nothing less than to be murdered out of hand. "So this is the captain?" softly .asked the convict leader. "Let me reassure you, sir. There shall be no violence here. You are as safe as if in your own home ashore." "But you you are convicts!" ex claimed the captain as he looked around upon the gang. "Unfortunately, yes, but It does not follow that we are beasts and brutes. Some of us may not have been guilty of the crimes charged. I alone can speak your language. I am the leader. Every man will obey my slightest word. All we ask is that you give as a passage to the north." "How far to the north?" "To any of the English Islands in the West Indies." The man was speaking fairly, and when one looked at him there could be no mistake that he had been gentle born. He had the face and speech of an aristocrat. His followers were more common looking men. but their faces were not evil. The captain's excite ment quieted down after a little and he reasoned It out that it was best to give way. Indeed, there was no other conclusion for a sensible man to come to. He looked at me and I gave him a nod, and then he said: "I will take you along and trust in what you say." "And I pledge you my word you shall have no cause to regret it," replied the leader as he extended his hand. "As the weather Is fine my men can occupy the decks. I have a few words to say to them." With a gesture he called them around him, and then for five minutes he spoke In low but earnest tones. As he used the French language we could not un derstand a word, and yet it was plain that he was giving them orders and ad vice. While he was speaking I sug gested to the captain that he be Invited to occupy a spare berth in the cabin, and this was acceded to. When the in vitation was extended he accepted It as his due, but with many thanks, and Introduced himself as Mr. Lafoy. Our sleeping watch was roused up, the con victs' boat unloaded and sent adrift, explanations made and all done so quietly that the sleeping women were not aroused. The first they knew of the affair was at breakfast time. Mean while the calm was broken. In the morning watch I carried one of my suits of clothes to Lafoy's state room, along with a razor and other things. When he cr.me out to break fast and was introduced he was all gentleman and no convict. He was a good talker and a natural entertainer, and the women, who had expected to meet a villain, were on friendly footing within a quarter of an hour. As for the other convicts, our men fraternized with them at once. Some of them were sailors and they promptly turned to. Between our crew and the captain's slop chest all were fitted out In other dress and their uniforms thrown overboard. We had the crowd with us for three weeks, and never a man during that whole time caused us the slightest trouble. As for Lafoy. all took the greatest liking to him and were sorry when the time came to part. Just where we left them is a matter not to be betray ed, but they did not go from us empty handed, and a chance was given them t lta better Uvea In the future. M. QttftDv THE SHEPHERD AND HIS FLOCK The Montana experiment station has published n bulletin giving valuable in formation la regard to feeding sheep at that Institution that should prove of grot interest. The summary of the work fal.'csvs: F. feeing wethers and when give;! with clover l ay. wheat and barley gave the fastest gains, followed by oats rjisl screenings and mixed grain In the or :ler uaiur-d." Considering the amount of food re quired for each pound of grain in fwi in wethers, wheat and clover v.-srr-the most efficient rations, followed by cjeeuinga. barley, oats and raise:? Train in the order named. In feeding lambs, screenings and i.lver gave the fastest gains, folJowe:! by mixed grain, oats, barley and wheat in the order given. The amount of food required for oach pound of gain on lambs was least PItIZE COTSWOLD. for the ration of screenings and clover, with oats, mixed grain, barley and wheat in the order named. Lambs gain faster and more econom ically than do wethers. Tiie light, thin lambs cannot be fat tened sufficiently in three months ta command the best price in the market. In one experiment in feeding ICO wethers for sixty-five days fifty weth ers fed a maximum ration of one-half pound of grain a day gained as rapid ly and made as economic gains as a band of healthy wethers. Being small and thin, however, they would have to be fed at least twice as long .to get them ready for the market. At present Cotswolds are the only sheep we are breeding, and I have th? oldest flock in Canada, writes J. C. Ross of Ontario to American Agricul turist. Cotswolds have been raised on my farm for sixty years. I thin!: Cotswolds are the best all around farmers' sheep on the market today, both for wool and mutton. My flock averaged seventeen pounds of wool to the head last season and also makes a good showing this year. I see by rv ports that this breed stood third at the block contest in England, their native home. They were the pioneer breert of sheep in Canada -about twenty-five years ago and have been used exten sively in crossing and making up sev eral other breeds. Save Surplus Forage. When the season is a prolific one f or grass, instead of allowing immense quantities to go to waste during the summer, farmers would be wise to con serve a portion of the surplus in the form of ensilage for their cattle. Ani mals Which chew the cud differ froa. all other classes in requiring their food comparatively juicy and bulky. Their digestive apparatus is formed to suit this kind of food; hence the cow cr bullock cannot thrive exclusively on dry food as well as a horse does. Any method by which'green fodders can !;e preserved in the succulent condition is well worth the attention of the farmer. It will enable him to utilize his hay and straw to advantage and carry his stock through periods of drought with comparative ease. By a combination of dry and succulent food the largest amount of nutriment Is extracted from both. In some places where roots are grown they take the place of silage but In all cases it Is a great advantage to be able to secure the crop just when it is in its best condition, and there is no question that the silo should be re garded as Indispensable on every pro gressive farm. W. R. Gilbert in Amer ican Cultivator. Raising- Hol-teln Cattle. The Dutch system of feeding and rearing the famous Holstein-Friesia-' cattle Is simplicity itfIf. The calve.; are given whole milk until about five weeks old, when the ration is gradual ly changed to skim milk and grain. The grain is cooked or steamed an'J fed with the milk at first and later is fed dry immediately before the milk is given. When grass Is available L forms the entire ration for heifers, am: during winter the rations are only su' ficient to keep them growing. Bull are fed in the same manner until tht-.v ' are a year old, after which they ' closely conllued, but regular exercise i- given tiiily. Bulls useu ror Dreeoinrr are kept in stables or paddocks am are well fed, but not allowed to be- ! come fat. Roots in whiter and grutJ i forage in summer are largely used.- - Frofessor W. A. Kennedy, Iowa Agri i cultural College. Select Large Animals. - Shrewd cattle feeders always select good sized, growthy steers for feeding. This sort will not consume much more fed than lighter animals, and they seem to put their feed to better ac count. By "large" steers we do not mean the big, rawboned fellows whicn any amount of feed will not make fat. but the strong framed, muscular animal which has the capacity and Inclination to turn corn and hay Into good beef. In dairy cows it has been found by actual tests that small cows produc less milk relatively than large ones. f Improve the Floct: ly Careful Selee tion of Females. The grading up and general improve ment of the breeding flock must have Its ultimate source in the - reservation of the ewe lambs now being reared ta maturity, writes Leo C. Reynolds in National Stockman. Too much care cannot be exercised In selecting out the ewe lambs that possess the power to strengthen and permanently fix de sirable qualities in the flock. Flock masters make a big mistake every sea son in not giving more attention to se lecting their best ewe lambs. The demand for breeding stock for starting new flocks should not Induce flock masters to part with their hezi ewe lambs. Not in many years have I known of breeding material com manding such a high premium as now. The price offered by some anxious buy ers will be a big inducement to let go some of the best ewe lambs, thinking that another year you will have some more just as good. It is right here that some shortsighted flock owner is goins to fall down. The flock master who dis poses of his best ewe lambs simply shuts himself out of the race of reap ing a good harvest in the next few years. Through the careful selection of ewe lambs some permanent and very de sirable improvements can be effected in the flock that will in the course of a year or two return excellent profits. The demand today is for early matur ing sheep sheep that can be got to mar ket at the earliest possible date. There are always a few ewes that show an inclination toward early maturity, and the progeny should be selected to pro mote this very desirable quality. Our great need today is sheep that can be fattened at any age and put upon the market when prices are the highest. This kind of animals can only be ob tained by making selection from ewes that show an inclination to reproduce that particular quality. A Great Hereford Sire. Fretorlan, the great Hereford bull. here reproduced from the Orange JuSd Farmer, is owned by F. A. Nave cf HEREFORD BULL PEETOEIAN. Indiana, a noted breeder with a repu tation for high class stock of the very best quality. Pretorian is one of the world's famous Herefords. Improvement In Breeding;. The first thing for the breeder tr recognize Is that all of the animais which we know today have been de veloped by a process of evolution from previous animals of an inferior quality The next thing is a recognition of thf forces which have kept that process in operation until they have brought about the results which we now see. And the third step is to keep those forces acting continuously in a desires; direction so that each step may.; be a forward step. With such knowledge proper ly applied the practice of breet: Ing animals will be as certain in its re suits as are the results of ordina: manufacturing processes, and the rat at which improvement will be secure will exceed anything the world has yt 6een. Professor C. L. Kedfield. The Kind You Have Always in use for ovei 30 years, r 1 - and has been made under his per- s sonal supervision since its infancy. wSf -&CU6Z Allow no 0110 to deceive you in this. All Counterfeits, Imitations and Just-as-good" are but Experiments that trifle with and endanger the health of Infants and Children Experience against Experiment it is CASTOR I A Castoria is a harmless, substitute for Castor Oil, Pare goric JDrops and Soothing Syrups. It is Pleasant. It contains neither Opium, Morphine nor other Narcotic substance. Its age is its guarantee. It destroys Worms end allays Feverisliness. It cures Diarrhoea and Wind Colic. It relieves Teething Troubles, cures Constipation and Flate'-mcy. It assimilates tlie Food, regulates the Stomach a?d Bowels, giving healthy and natural sleep The CZiilc: ;u?s Panacea The Mother's Friend. CAS iiears the Tie Kind You Haie Always Bought Use For Over 30 Years. ' THE CCOTJUIR COMMUtV. Tt (o 4301) Report ol the Condition of The First national Bank OF CORVALLIS at Corvallis, in the State of Oregon, at the close of business, November li, 190&. RESOURCES. Loans ami Discounts- S2S1.7SS SB Overdrafts, secured and unsecured i',99S 9 U. S. Bonds to secure circulation . 50,0t 4) 00 T0.500 05 23.W7 06 2,937 44 SS.521 41 2,442 57 79,906 ftS 8 617 2$ 2.440 0O Bonds, securities, ets Banking-house,! arniture nd fixtures Other real estate owned Due from National Banks-not reserve agents , Due from State Banks and Bankers Due from approved reserve agents I hecks and other cash items , Notes of other National Banks Fractional paper curreucy, nickels. and cents . 82 67 Lawful Money Reskkvk is Ddiij let. Specie $44 27S 20 Legal-tender notes 645 00 44,918 20 Keoemntion tuna wim U.S. Treasurer 0 per cent, of Circulation 2,500 00 Total. .-5594,605 45 LIABILITIES. Capital stock paid in f50,000 00 Surplus fund 10,(00 00 Undivided profits, less expenses and taxes paid 5,724 06 National Banknotes outstanding 50.000 00 Due to State Banks and Bunkers l-tti 29 Individual deposits subject to t-heck 414 701 7 Demand certificates of deposit rl,4M 70 certified cnecKs Liabilities other than those above stated suspeuae Reserved for taxes Liabilities othei than those above stated contingent 32 00 8,959 SS 47U 77 3,089 51 Total .$594,605 45- State of Oregon, County of Benton ssi I, Geo. E. Lilly, Cashier of the above-named bank, do solemnly swear that the above statement is true to the best of my knowledge and belief. Geo. E. Lilly, Cashier. Subscribed and sworn to before me this I7U1 day of .November, 1906. 'E. E. Wilson, Notary Tublic. COKRECT ATTEST: J. W. Foster, E. F. Wiles, M. S. Woodcock, Diicctors. llveyour watch cleenec for $1; 111 iuisprinp for $1 ; a'l work guar antepd at Mattbtws', (Lticijtn and jeweler 84f Beyonti Speech. The conversE-tion of pigs is not usually considered a matter of seri- ! ous import, yet by it Uncle David gauged the physical condition of lus porkers. Uncle David was a native of old Saco, Me. Some of his pecu liarities are recorded by Mr. Red Ion in his book on the town. The old man raised pigs for the market. At one time a scourge devastated his sties. During thia affliction a neighbor, meeting him and seeing his doleful countenance, inquired sympathetically for bis stoc1:. "Well, Uncle David," he said cheerily, "how is the litter getting on?" "Getting on!" replied Uncle Da vid mournfully. "Getting on ! They are all dead but two, and they are speechless!" Cheap Brains. One day as John W. Mugridge, the lawyer, and Judge Minot were walking along the street in Concord, N. H., together, Mr. Mugridge, in his sepulchral voice, said: "Judge, let's go into partnership. You fur nish the capital and I'll furnish the brains." The judge quickly pulled a two cent piece from his pocket and, holding it in the palm of his hand, said to Mugridge : "Very welL Cover that, John! Cover thatl" Bought and which has been Has borne the signature of TORI A ALWAYS Signature of HUWUV STBCCT, BCW VO OTV.