CARE OF CREAM.
RESERVE EWE" LAMBS.
The .Michigan experiment station has
begun a ver- important line of work
and one which deserves wide attention.
In the fall of 1U01 it purchased twenty
grade Sharthorn cows. Xoae of the an
imals contain a lare percentage of
Bhorthorn blood, yet they have eaousTi
to give the evenness and uniformity
Bought in a foundation herd. The first
year's report of this grade herd says:
"In maintaining a grade dairy herd'
at this institution two chief ends are
sought first and foremost, to show ob
jectively how the common dairy stocks
of this state can be improved as to
quantity and qncility of milk produc
tion by a rational and continued sys
tem of up grading, and, second, to show
the effect of careful feeding and man
agement upon average, common or
even Inferior dairy animals. While the
stocking of farms with pure bred dairy
animals is desirable and strongly Ad
vised, it is generally recognised that
the great mats of Improvement anions
flaky cattle must came from intelli
gent up grading. Ia select!:::; tlie foun
dation stock for a grace dairy herd at
tention was given first t; tlie health
and general physical characteristics of
each individual selected.
'For breeding purposes the herd is
divided into i'cur groups or subherds
of live animals each. One of these
groups is t-j be bred continuously to
Jersey bulls and the female progeny
bred in the sane line, another group to
be bred continuously tr Ilolstein bulls
and the female progeny in the same
lino. The third group fs to be bred in
the same nay to Guernsey bulls and
the fourth to Shorthon bv.llri."
The average results of the herd are
as folio .yk: M.'lk. X2r: pounds; butter,
93 pounds: cost of feed, 33.07; value
of iTodnctf, 39.05, and pront of ever
Iced, ?33.5,f.
The poorest cow give in the year
1,2(15 pounds of nilk. "forty-eight
pounds of r-utter and vas kept at a loss I
of 9.SS. 1
The most profitable cow gave 8,113 ,
pounds of milk, 422 pounds of butter
and returned a net profit over feed
consumed of G0.C1. j
Despite the logic of these facts, j
which are different In no way from j
hundreds of other instances where rec
ords have been hop":, how few, very
tow. farmers and breeders of pure bred
cattle think that it pays to test, says
Hoard's Dairyman. What can a man
do that will pay better?
A Fine IlolKteln.
The subject of thi: Illustration, from
Kimball's Dairy Farmer, is Genie
Clothi lde, 48,097, a registered Holstein
Friesian, owned by W. W." Cheney of
the Clark farms, I.Janlius, N. Y. She
GENIE CLOTH ItiDE.
has been tested In four different years
and has increased her test each time.
'At the agre of four years and seven
months she mode seventeen pounds
three-nintba ounces of butter in a week.
At the ae of five years and nine
months hep record was 21.68 pounds of
butter, ami when seven years and one
month old she made 22.G8 pounds of
butter.
' Studr the Individual Cow.
I see before me in this room men who
have grown gray in the business, men
Who may be coiidered well off rich
,who do not owe anybody a dollar and
hnve plenty to take care of them. They
dv not do :nuch no w. They have ceas
ed to work. Cows have made them
well off. But those men have been
good dairymen. They have been stu
dents of the dairy cow and have learn
ed the dairy business from start to
finish. They hqve learned that there Is
an Individuality In the dairy cow. Just
as there Is In men, In dogs or in trotting
horses, jurtt as much difference in the
Individual ability of dairy cows as there
la in the ability of men, and that Is
where many dairy farmers fail in
studying the Individual cow. We do
business with the herd and pay atten
tion to the cows collectively and not In
dividually. It seems to me that It Is
every dairyman's duty to study each
cow In his herd. Every herd In this
state has some good cows and some
poor ones, and In many of the herds
the profit derived from good cows is
lost In supporting the poor ones. C. H.
Everett at Wisconsin Dairymen's Con
vention. Handling: Sllagre.
For removing the silage from the silo
I have found a common four tined ma
nure fork a most convenient tool, writes
J. r. Fletcher In the National Stockman
and Farmer. The larger the fork and
the closer together the tines are the
faster the work may be accomplished.
It is Important, however, that the sur
face of the silage be left as nearly level
as possible and the amount removed
from time to time simply be skimmed
off the top to a depth of two or three.
Inches each day. It Is never best to
thrust the fork down Into the silage
five or six Inches as though It were ma
nure you were pitching. Simply take
off the top layer In as careful a man
ner as possible, not loosening up more
than Is taken out In this way titers
jwlll be oonstferably less -waste ettte
by molding or freezing.
Thorough Cleanliness XeeecsnrT to
Secure a. Good Quality.
The cream gathering creamery has
many features to recommend It and la
alike papular with patrons and factory
proprietors, but at the same time we
would say this, and say it most em
phaticallythat unless we are up and
doing the advantages of this system
will prove wholly or largely Illusory,
for the gain made at the manufactur
ing end will more than be swallowed
np at the selling end through the manu
facturing of butter of an inferior quali
ty that must be sold at a reduced price.
The herculean task before us in con
nection with our cream gathering
creameries is the education of the pa
trons to properly care for their cream.
When the cream leaves the farm, it
should be both clean in flavor and
sweet. This means care and cleanli
ness throughout and the providing of
facilities for cooling the cream. The
utensils used should be of the best
quality and properly cleaned, so t"::"t
there will be no danger of contain".. u
tion from this source.
S'illi I:i n .'lean Place.
Specie! c;:re should L? taheu to milk
in a clem place and ia as cleanly a
manner as possible, for particles of
dirt which fall Into the milk at milk
ing time are laden with organisms
which produce the worst flavors witii
which we have to contend and, while
harmful at any time, are doubly Fe
under the cream gathering creamery
system, where the cream Is held for
some time before it is sent to the fac
tory. The milk should be creamed as soon
as possible after milking, and for this
purpose we strongly favor the use of a
hand separator over any method of
setting the milk, as it provides the
most efficient and thorough method of
creaming the milk and enables us to
make a cream of any desired richness.
We recommend making a cream test
ing about 30 per cent. The quantity
to be cooled is greatly reduced, and the
cream, if properly cooled, will be one
of superior quality. Care should be
taken to set the separator in a clean
place and to stand it on a floor that
can be kept clean, and not on an earth
or ground floor, which is sure to get
Into bad condition sooner or later
through milk being spilled upon and
soaking into it and thus causing bad
odors. We would again admonish
those who have hand separators to
keep them thoroughly clean. We have
met more separators than one in such
a condition that they themselves would
contaminate milk put through them.
The separator bowl and its parts
should not only look clean, but should
have a clean smell as well. If giving
off any bad odors, examine all tubes
and crevices about the bowl, for this
is evidence in itself that there is dirt
being harbored somewhere.
Delivery of Cream.
Frequently cream is seriously injured
in delivering It to the creamery. We
have even seen collectors using ordi
nary milk cans in summer for this
purpose. Cream received from the
patron in the best condition would
not under such circumstances reach
the creamery In a condition fit for
making good butter. The tanks or
cans should be well Insulated, and
where the latter in particular are used
bey should be protected from the sun
by means of a good canvas cover on
the wagon.
One of the most disagreeable flavors
imparted to cream is that due to the
sun's rays striking directly upon and
heating the walls of a can, and this
flavor is invariably passed on to the
butter. Where the cream is delivered
by Individual patrons the can should
be covered with a blanket. Superin
tendent Mitchell at Meeting of East
ern Dairymen's Association.
In Kansas a progressive dairyman
tested his herd of sixteen cows. He
found eight were making good profits
and the other eight were eating them
up.
. The best way to improve the test Is
to better the cow.
Every heifer raised from an unprofit
able cow will make one more unprofit
able cow.
The dual purpose cow may do for the
average farmer, but the dairy farmer
wants a profitable cow.
Shivering on the warm side of a
straw pile and-suffocating In a dark,
poorly ventilated stable are two ex
tremes. Avoid both this winter. Kim
ball's Dairy Farmer.
Teach the children to be careful to
close the doors and gates, says the
Farm Journal. A prize heifer calf was
lost by the barn door being left open
and the calf gaining access to the chop
ped grain, the fact not being known
until too late to attempt saving It.
Calves grow Into money about as
fast as any kind of stock. You have
got to keep them moving, though.
When a calf stops growing. It is pretty
apt to go back first thing you know.
Backward things are what swamp the
best of us.
The quarters for the cows should be
put in order, so that when the frosty
nights and cold rams come the herd
may have proper shelter. Cows are
more sensitive and susceptible to cold
than most other animals on account
of the double drain upon them. Be
wise and do not lay the foundation 'for
disease and loss by needless exposure.
Any loss kn this way in the fall of the
year, puts the animals in so much
worse condition for wintering. Td loss
Is not odly immediate, but is felt all
through the winter and causes an ex
tra ottoy to restore them to a profita
ble emwWkm.
Dairy Wisdom In Brief
A CONVICT AND
A GENTLEMAN
Copyright, 1906, by Homer Sprague.
It was a calm starlight night, and
when I came on duty at 10 o'clock the
captain and his family had turned in.
There was nothing for my watch to do
except in the case of the man on the
lookout, and all except him and the
, man who stood by the wheel in a per-
' f unctory way were soon sprawled out
and asleep. Within the hour I believs
that we all slept. If I slept at all, of
which I am not sure, it was less than
ten minutes by the cabin clock. I was
suddenly aroused by some one touching
my arm, and I at once responded:
"Well, what is it?"
I spoke before I turned to the man
at my side. When I wheeled on him I
saw a stranger. He stood there with
his cap in hand, and drawn up -across
the deck were fourteen other men, all
dressed as French convicts. Every
man removed his cap and bowed to
me, and as I stood staring the one
who had touched me quietly said:
"Sir. w.e have come aboard."
"But what is it wno are you?" I
asked as our voices aroused the man
at the wheel.
"Our boat is alongside, sir. We are
escaped convicts from Cayenne. We
did not hail you, and we came aboard
without noise. We have been a night
and two days at sea. May I hope that
our advent will disturb no one?"
"Good God, but we are captured by
convicts!" I groaned as I finally real
ized the situation.
"And a worse thing might have hap
pened," he replied, with a laugh. "We
haven't the slightest intention of cap
turing your craft. Our only desire is
to work our passage to the north. We
have quite a quantity of provisions
aboard our boat, and you will find us
obeying orders and maintaining the
best of discipline.",
I descended to the cabin and aroused
the captain and in whispers informed
him of what had happened. He was
of an excitatle nature, and if I had not
clapped my hand over his mouth he
would have aroused the women with
his exclamations. I had to tell him
over and over again that the convict3
offered no violence and that their lead
er seemed to have them under perfect
control before I could quiet him. He
was shaking like a leaf when we gain
ed the deck, and he afterward told me
that he expected nothing less than to
be murdered out of hand.
"So this is the captain?" softly .asked
the convict leader. "Let me reassure
you, sir. There shall be no violence
here. You are as safe as if in your
own home ashore."
"But you you are convicts!" ex
claimed the captain as he looked
around upon the gang.
"Unfortunately, yes, but It does not
follow that we are beasts and brutes.
Some of us may not have been guilty
of the crimes charged. I alone can
speak your language. I am the leader.
Every man will obey my slightest
word. All we ask is that you give as
a passage to the north."
"How far to the north?"
"To any of the English Islands in
the West Indies."
The man was speaking fairly, and
when one looked at him there could
be no mistake that he had been gentle
born. He had the face and speech of
an aristocrat. His followers were more
common looking men. but their faces
were not evil. The captain's excite
ment quieted down after a little and
he reasoned It out that it was best to
give way. Indeed, there was no other
conclusion for a sensible man to come
to. He looked at me and I gave him
a nod, and then he said:
"I will take you along and trust in
what you say."
"And I pledge you my word you shall
have no cause to regret it," replied the
leader as he extended his hand. "As
the weather Is fine my men can occupy
the decks. I have a few words to say
to them."
With a gesture he called them around
him, and then for five minutes he spoke
In low but earnest tones. As he used
the French language we could not un
derstand a word, and yet it was plain
that he was giving them orders and ad
vice. While he was speaking I sug
gested to the captain that he be Invited
to occupy a spare berth in the cabin,
and this was acceded to. When the in
vitation was extended he accepted It
as his due, but with many thanks, and
Introduced himself as Mr. Lafoy. Our
sleeping watch was roused up, the con
victs' boat unloaded and sent adrift,
explanations made and all done so
quietly that the sleeping women were
not aroused. The first they knew of
the affair was at breakfast time. Mean
while the calm was broken.
In the morning watch I carried one
of my suits of clothes to Lafoy's state
room, along with a razor and other
things. When he cr.me out to break
fast and was introduced he was all
gentleman and no convict. He was a
good talker and a natural entertainer,
and the women, who had expected to
meet a villain, were on friendly footing
within a quarter of an hour.
As for the other convicts, our men
fraternized with them at once. Some
of them were sailors and they promptly
turned to. Between our crew and the
captain's slop chest all were fitted out
In other dress and their uniforms
thrown overboard. We had the crowd
with us for three weeks, and never a
man during that whole time caused us
the slightest trouble.
As for Lafoy. all took the greatest
liking to him and were sorry when the
time came to part. Just where we
left them is a matter not to be betray
ed, but they did not go from us empty
handed, and a chance was given them
t lta better Uvea In the future.
M. QttftDv
THE SHEPHERD
AND HIS FLOCK
The Montana experiment station has
published n bulletin giving valuable in
formation la regard to feeding sheep at
that Institution that should prove of
grot interest. The summary of the
work fal.'csvs:
F. feeing wethers and when give;!
with clover l ay. wheat and barley gave
the fastest gains, followed by oats rjisl
screenings and mixed grain In the or
:ler uaiur-d."
Considering the amount of food re
quired for each pound of grain in fwi
in wethers, wheat and clover v.-srr-the
most efficient rations, followed by
cjeeuinga. barley, oats and raise:?
Train in the order named.
In feeding lambs, screenings and
i.lver gave the fastest gains, folJowe:!
by mixed grain, oats, barley and wheat
in the order given.
The amount of food required for
oach pound of gain on lambs was least
PItIZE COTSWOLD.
for the ration of screenings and clover,
with oats, mixed grain, barley and
wheat in the order named.
Lambs gain faster and more econom
ically than do wethers.
Tiie light, thin lambs cannot be fat
tened sufficiently in three months ta
command the best price in the market.
In one experiment in feeding ICO
wethers for sixty-five days fifty weth
ers fed a maximum ration of one-half
pound of grain a day gained as rapid
ly and made as economic gains as a
band of healthy wethers. Being small
and thin, however, they would have
to be fed at least twice as long .to get
them ready for the market.
At present Cotswolds are the only
sheep we are breeding, and I have th?
oldest flock in Canada, writes J. C.
Ross of Ontario to American Agricul
turist. Cotswolds have been raised on
my farm for sixty years. I thin!:
Cotswolds are the best all around
farmers' sheep on the market today,
both for wool and mutton. My flock
averaged seventeen pounds of wool to
the head last season and also makes a
good showing this year. I see by rv
ports that this breed stood third at the
block contest in England, their native
home. They were the pioneer breert
of sheep in Canada -about twenty-five
years ago and have been used exten
sively in crossing and making up sev
eral other breeds.
Save Surplus Forage.
When the season is a prolific one f or
grass, instead of allowing immense
quantities to go to waste during the
summer, farmers would be wise to con
serve a portion of the surplus in the
form of ensilage for their cattle. Ani
mals Which chew the cud differ froa.
all other classes in requiring their food
comparatively juicy and bulky. Their
digestive apparatus is formed to suit
this kind of food; hence the cow cr
bullock cannot thrive exclusively on
dry food as well as a horse does. Any
method by which'green fodders can !;e
preserved in the succulent condition is
well worth the attention of the farmer.
It will enable him to utilize his hay
and straw to advantage and carry his
stock through periods of drought with
comparative ease. By a combination
of dry and succulent food the largest
amount of nutriment Is extracted from
both. In some places where roots are
grown they take the place of silage
but In all cases it Is a great advantage
to be able to secure the crop just when
it is in its best condition, and there is
no question that the silo should be re
garded as Indispensable on every pro
gressive farm. W. R. Gilbert in Amer
ican Cultivator.
Raising- Hol-teln Cattle.
The Dutch system of feeding and
rearing the famous Holstein-Friesia-'
cattle Is simplicity itfIf. The calve.;
are given whole milk until about five
weeks old, when the ration is gradual
ly changed to skim milk and grain.
The grain is cooked or steamed an'J
fed with the milk at first and later is
fed dry immediately before the milk is
given. When grass Is available L
forms the entire ration for heifers, am:
during winter the rations are only su'
ficient to keep them growing. Bull
are fed in the same manner until tht-.v
' are a year old, after which they
' closely conllued, but regular exercise i-
given tiiily. Bulls useu ror Dreeoinrr
are kept in stables or paddocks am
are well fed, but not allowed to be-
! come fat. Roots in whiter and grutJ
i forage in summer are largely used.- -
Frofessor W. A. Kennedy, Iowa Agri
i cultural College.
Select Large Animals.
- Shrewd cattle feeders always select
good sized, growthy steers for feeding.
This sort will not consume much more
fed than lighter animals, and they
seem to put their feed to better ac
count. By "large" steers we do not
mean the big, rawboned fellows whicn
any amount of feed will not make fat.
but the strong framed, muscular animal
which has the capacity and Inclination
to turn corn and hay Into good beef.
In dairy cows it has been found by
actual tests that small cows produc
less milk relatively than large ones.
f
Improve the Floct: ly Careful Selee
tion of Females.
The grading up and general improve
ment of the breeding flock must have
Its ultimate source in the - reservation
of the ewe lambs now being reared ta
maturity, writes Leo C. Reynolds in
National Stockman. Too much care
cannot be exercised In selecting out the
ewe lambs that possess the power to
strengthen and permanently fix de
sirable qualities in the flock. Flock
masters make a big mistake every sea
son in not giving more attention to se
lecting their best ewe lambs.
The demand for breeding stock for
starting new flocks should not Induce
flock masters to part with their hezi
ewe lambs. Not in many years have
I known of breeding material com
manding such a high premium as now.
The price offered by some anxious buy
ers will be a big inducement to let go
some of the best ewe lambs, thinking
that another year you will have some
more just as good. It is right here that
some shortsighted flock owner is goins
to fall down. The flock master who dis
poses of his best ewe lambs simply
shuts himself out of the race of reap
ing a good harvest in the next few
years.
Through the careful selection of ewe
lambs some permanent and very de
sirable improvements can be effected in
the flock that will in the course of a
year or two return excellent profits.
The demand today is for early matur
ing sheep sheep that can be got to mar
ket at the earliest possible date. There
are always a few ewes that show an
inclination toward early maturity, and
the progeny should be selected to pro
mote this very desirable quality. Our
great need today is sheep that can be
fattened at any age and put upon the
market when prices are the highest.
This kind of animals can only be ob
tained by making selection from ewes
that show an inclination to reproduce
that particular quality.
A Great Hereford Sire.
Fretorlan, the great Hereford bull.
here reproduced from the Orange JuSd
Farmer, is owned by F. A. Nave cf
HEREFORD BULL PEETOEIAN.
Indiana, a noted breeder with a repu
tation for high class stock of the very
best quality. Pretorian is one of the
world's famous Herefords.
Improvement In Breeding;.
The first thing for the breeder tr
recognize Is that all of the animais
which we know today have been de
veloped by a process of evolution from
previous animals of an inferior quality
The next thing is a recognition of thf
forces which have kept that process in
operation until they have brought
about the results which we now see.
And the third step is to keep those
forces acting continuously in a desires;
direction so that each step may.; be a
forward step. With such knowledge
proper ly applied the practice of breet:
Ing animals will be as certain in its re
suits as are the results of ordina:
manufacturing processes, and the rat
at which improvement will be secure
will exceed anything the world has yt
6een. Professor C. L. Kedfield.
The Kind You Have Always
in use for ovei 30 years,
r 1 - and has been made under his per-
s sonal supervision since its infancy.
wSf -&CU6Z Allow no 0110 to deceive you in this.
All Counterfeits, Imitations and Just-as-good" are but
Experiments that trifle with and endanger the health of
Infants and Children Experience against Experiment
it is CASTOR I A
Castoria is a harmless, substitute for Castor Oil, Pare
goric JDrops and Soothing Syrups. It is Pleasant. It
contains neither Opium, Morphine nor other Narcotic
substance. Its age is its guarantee. It destroys Worms
end allays Feverisliness. It cures Diarrhoea and Wind
Colic. It relieves Teething Troubles, cures Constipation
and Flate'-mcy. It assimilates tlie Food, regulates the
Stomach a?d Bowels, giving healthy and natural sleep
The CZiilc: ;u?s Panacea The Mother's Friend.
CAS
iiears
the
Tie Kind You Haie Always Bought
Use For Over 30 Years.
' THE CCOTJUIR COMMUtV. Tt
(o 4301)
Report ol the Condition of
The First national Bank
OF CORVALLIS
at Corvallis, in the State of Oregon, at
the close of business, November li, 190&.
RESOURCES.
Loans ami Discounts-
S2S1.7SS SB
Overdrafts, secured and unsecured
i',99S 9
U. S. Bonds to secure circulation .
50,0t 4) 00
T0.500 05
23.W7 06
2,937 44
SS.521 41
2,442 57
79,906 ftS
8 617 2$
2.440 0O
Bonds, securities, ets
Banking-house,! arniture nd fixtures
Other real estate owned
Due from National Banks-not reserve
agents ,
Due from State Banks and Bankers
Due from approved reserve agents
I hecks and other cash items ,
Notes of other National Banks
Fractional paper curreucy, nickels.
and cents . 82 67
Lawful Money Reskkvk is
Ddiij let.
Specie $44 27S 20
Legal-tender notes 645 00 44,918 20
Keoemntion tuna wim U.S. Treasurer
0 per cent, of Circulation
2,500 00
Total.
.-5594,605 45
LIABILITIES.
Capital stock paid in f50,000 00
Surplus fund 10,(00 00
Undivided profits, less expenses and
taxes paid 5,724 06
National Banknotes outstanding 50.000 00
Due to State Banks and Bunkers l-tti 29
Individual deposits subject to t-heck 414 701 7
Demand certificates of deposit rl,4M 70
certified cnecKs
Liabilities other than those above
stated suspeuae
Reserved for taxes
Liabilities othei than those above
stated contingent
32 00
8,959 SS
47U 77
3,089 51
Total
.$594,605 45-
State of Oregon, County of Benton ssi
I, Geo. E. Lilly, Cashier of the
above-named bank, do solemnly swear
that the above statement is true to the
best of my knowledge and belief.
Geo. E. Lilly, Cashier.
Subscribed and sworn to before me this
I7U1 day of .November, 1906.
'E. E. Wilson, Notary Tublic.
COKRECT ATTEST:
J. W. Foster,
E. F. Wiles,
M. S. Woodcock,
Diicctors.
llveyour watch cleenec for $1;
111 iuisprinp for $1 ; a'l work guar
antepd at Mattbtws', (Lticijtn and
jeweler
84f
Beyonti Speech.
The conversE-tion of pigs is not
usually considered a matter of seri-
! ous import, yet by it Uncle David
gauged the physical condition of lus
porkers. Uncle David was a native
of old Saco, Me. Some of his pecu
liarities are recorded by Mr. Red
Ion in his book on the town.
The old man raised pigs for the
market. At one time a scourge
devastated his sties. During thia
affliction a neighbor, meeting him
and seeing his doleful countenance,
inquired sympathetically for bis
stoc1:.
"Well, Uncle David," he said
cheerily, "how is the litter getting
on?"
"Getting on!" replied Uncle Da
vid mournfully. "Getting on ! They
are all dead but two, and they are
speechless!"
Cheap Brains.
One day as John W. Mugridge,
the lawyer, and Judge Minot were
walking along the street in Concord,
N. H., together, Mr. Mugridge, in
his sepulchral voice, said: "Judge,
let's go into partnership. You fur
nish the capital and I'll furnish the
brains." The judge quickly pulled
a two cent piece from his pocket
and, holding it in the palm of his
hand, said to Mugridge : "Very welL
Cover that, John! Cover thatl"
Bought and which has been
Has borne the signature of
TORI A ALWAYS
Signature of
HUWUV STBCCT, BCW VO OTV.