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About Corvallis gazette. (Corvallis, Benton County, Or.) 1900-1909 | View Entire Issue (April 30, 1901)
CORVA jy jl jl SEMI-WEEKLY. UNION Katab. July. 197. GAZETTE Katab. Oec, 1862. Consolidated Feb., 1899. CORVALLIS, BENTON COUNTY, OEEGON, TUESDAY, APRIL 30, 1901. VOL. II. NO. 1. THE RETURN. While wandering down a shady lane One summer day, not long ago, I, listening, caught the sweet refrain Of happy voices, soft and low. Fond memory brought back childhood's day, When I had tripped along this nook, And passed into the old church, gray, Behind which sings the silver brook. Oh, many years have come and fled Since last I walked beneath these trees; The friends of youth are scattered dead I hear their requiem in the breeze. Not one in all my native place Is left, who can remember me: I look into each passing face, But all are strange; no friend I see. The babbling brook is just the same, The stepping-stones across it, too; And here's the tree; but, ah! the name, O'ergrown with bark, is lost to view. Mine and' another's, deeply traced, The letters clear and intertwined. Time's finger has long since erased. But left the scar for me to find. Perhaps upon this Sabbath blest I may, beneath the old church tower. Find happiness and peace and rest To strengthen me in sorrow's hour. I enter through the open door, And with the worshipers I sit, The broad, low windows reach the floor, And through them song birds swiftly flit. From near the roof there comes a song, A solo from a feathered throat, And then a chorus 'mid the throng, With not a harsh, discordant note. The humble worshiper looks up - . i In wonder at the music rare, The birds wi!i peace have filled my cnp. And sweetly bade me welcome there. Q HE woodpile was a mountain for jl height. It towered above the mills which It fed; and the men who carried the wood to the furnaces tun neled in the mountains like ants. That Is to say, the Town of Lead lived on the mills the mills ran by rea son of the existence of the woodpile. .For years the logs had poured down from the nearer and the farther hills to sustain it. For years the furnaces had flamed and the great crushing and reducing works had. turned out their . THE WOODPILE IS AFIRE," SHOUTED JANS. bricks of precious metal-$35,000 and $45,000 to each massive brick. The people, reckless, wasteful, devil . may-care, had a veneration for this one . thing for the mountain of wood, the . visible foundation of their prosperity. ... Had it come to an end their never-end ing dancing and merry-making must have ended, too. The buying and the -flaunting of cheap finery would have - ceased, lhe plentiful tables would ' ' have become bare. The easily obtained drink and the pleasures of the gaming : "' table would have been lost . To the U more sober it meant the home comforts and privileges for the children. To the intelligent overseers, the scientists, the owners, it represented the base of .operations. To Nell Onderdock, the . daughter of one of the overseers, It .- represented a poetical idea. She was a thoughtful girl, and she saw- the rude picturesqueness of all '-. about her, and most all felt the power - Vid" value of the woodpile. She had (Ven spoken about this to Jans Jensen, the serious-vlsaged Swede who paid - . lover's court, to her, and he, a student - and adventurer, full of the weird lniag t . Ination of bis race, saw it as she did, with eyes of philosophic appreciation. '. j He appeared to see all things much as she did, but that fact which he ap .'precjated to the full, had never won from her any response to his devotion. She was an American, with a prejudice i in favor of- American lovers; and while ' among all her acquaintances there was no one so obviously ambitious and as ; "piring as Jan, yet she felt annoyed at the accent that made his speech alien, V and at the strong racial characteristics .' that marked him of the land of Swe-,-den.. As for him, he adored her with v. . the concentrated and consecrated devo ;tiorf of a homesick and lonely man, : - isolated by reason of his dreams, his bqokishness, and his refinement from many of those about him. . All would ;;j'have been well with him, he often said to himself, if only Nell would have loved him. One day, while walking alone and ' thinking of his grief in love, he saw a plume of smoke hovering above the mountain of wood. It was a sight he I O had never seen before. He hesitated, wondering, if it were not a drifting cloud. But the plume flaunted Itself against the sky, mounted and swept along like the wing of a fateful bird. The woodpile is afire," shouted Jans to the solitude, and ran for the town. There was a hand Are engine at Lead, and the fire company had an enthusi asm for their task, but though they worked all night and all day they made no impression on the fire that had eaten into the core of the wood mountain. Nell Onderdock, watching the men in the faint twilight of morning, saw them swarming over the top of the woodpile and crawling in its tunnnels. They burrowed in it like ants ants for size, in comparison to that pile! They fought with axes, with flails, with water, with tarpaulins. They tried to drown it to smother it, to beat it out, and to blow it out. But their efforts availed nothing. The mills were run with a mluimum of men. Every one who could be spared was out to fight the fire. The big boys were taken from the school; the women sat on the hills near, their babies in their arms, watch ing, or they carried water and food to the wearied men. In the churches the people prayed that the fire might be quenched by a miracle. In the mills the men talked of agencies dynamite, hydraulics, pneumatics. And the com mon men, half-suffocated, obstinate, courageous, fought with blackened faces, aching lungs, and blinded eyes; while over the whole town the wrath ful cloud of smoke hung, like an Afrit of the desert Jans Jensen, in charge of a crew of men, sat on the side of the hill think ing. Nell OnderdockTwas near him. regarding him with coldly critical eyes She wanted him smoke-begrimed, with bared arms; she wished to see him leading on his men desperately, shout ing, hoarse and frantic. She was ex cited, and she desired to see her possi ble hero heroic. But he smoked a pipe, stared at the streaming cloud above him, and said nothing.- It was humili ating. However, after a time, without noticing her particularly, he went away to the mills. He returned with an add ed force of men, and he went to the top of the pile. Then the men were called out of the tunnels. Every one was put on top. "We are to fight the fire from . the top," he said, "and we will do it bv stopping the draft." " Orders were sent to the hills to con tinue the driving of the logs. They swept down the great chutes In hun dreds. They closed the air passages, and the men directed them till every opening of the pile was closed. The smoke took to itself a heavier quality, as it does when flame is quenched. The whole town argued pro and con. Some thought the whole mass doomed. Some believed it was saved. On the outcome. obviously, depended Jans Jensen's rep utation. The smoke turned from black to copper color; it grew dun. it grew gray. It faded. The fire went out. Back Into the mills swarmed the men. The furnaces were heated to their height: the great caldrons of amalgam seethed and bubbled, the mighty ingots were cast , - ' -; t And Jans Jensen put on the ringer of Nell Onderdock a little ring- made from the gold of. Lead and set with a glitter ing pebble of the Black Hills. Chicago Tribune. Honesty at a Discount. I think I am an honest man," said the man with a scar on his chin, "as honest as the average, but when the owner of a Boston news stand changed a $10 bill for me and gave me $5 too much the sudden temptation overcame me. I crowded the money into my vest pocket and hurried away." "And when at a safe distance you counted It over?", queried the man with the Shakspearean forehead. " ' "Exactly." " -. ' ' "And instead of -finding $5 too much you found yourself a dollar short?" "Two dollars short, sir." "And you you cussed?" . "I did." V--' "And hunted for . something to bite on?" . "Yes, sir." ."And declared it the most damnable outrage of the twentieth century on an innocent, honest maH?"- . "You've hit it. And now, sir " "Oh, no explanations are needed," in terrupted the other, with a long-drawn sigh. "I've been right there myself. and as honest men you and 1 have no chance against the world and can only hope to receive our reward when we die." Boston Globe. True Hospitality. True hospitality always has in it something of the element of personal consideration, and that is why its spirit is so seldom found where entertaining is a wholesale business enterprise and invitations are engraved or written by a secretary. To hear certain persons talk of entertaining, and to see the trouble and expense they take tq get up eiaDorate dinners ana to have every: thing "just so" for a guest, you would imagine that the only reason the guest was invited was to fill his stomach. He must be given something out of the or dinary""br he is not properly entertain ed. But this Is as far as possible from what the sensible' guest wants. Af Robert Burdette once said, "I do not go to my friend's house for the meal he is to give me. I can get a very good dinner at a hotel for fifty cents or half a dollar. I go to my friend's to sec him and to have an hour in his com pany; I go for a certain quality of wel come that comes from his personality not from bis food." Woman's Home Companion. It is not the height some men attain that makes tnem giddy it is looking down with contempt on the crowd be neath them. USE OF TOBACCO IN EUROPE. It la Three Hundred and Fifty Jau. Since the Weed Waa Introdud Three hundred and fifty, years ago, according to the allegations, Jean Nicot Introduced tobacco into Europe. It was from his name that the word "nico tine" was derived. The French gov ernment has Just made an appropria tion for the erection of a bronze statue to Nicot. It is to be set up in front of the main government tobacco factory in Paris. This French claim to the in troduction of tobacco into Europe IS somewhat at variance with the general supposition that Sir Walter Raleigh first carried the fragrant weed across the water to the old country. Raleigh smoked his Virginia tobacco in the presence of Queen Elizabeth in or about the year 1585. Thirty-four years earlier, however, Jean Nicot while French ambassador to Portugal, pur chased some tobacco seeds that had been brought over from Florida and sent some of them to France. A year later he presented some of the plants to Catherine De Medici, and together they smoked the dried leaves in pipes. It is interesting in this connection to recall that when tobacco smoking was first Introduced into Europe, first by Nicot and later by Raleigh, It was extremely unpopular. It was called "the stinking habit" and at least two popes, Urban VIII. and Innocent issued decrees against it. A Sultan of Turkey in which country smoking Is now almost universal made it a crime punishable by the offenders having their pipes thrust through their noses. In Russia the noses of the smokers were cut off. King James I. of En gland characterized smoking as "a cus tom loathsome to the eye, hateful to the nose, harmful to the brain, danger ous to the lungs, and In the black, stink ing fume thereof nearest resembling the horrible Stygian smoke of the pit that is bottomless." Savannah News. GAVE VP MILLION TO WED TYPEWRITER GIRL. Clarence Ott's romance, which cul minated in an elopement to Jefferson- ville, Ind., has a sequel. He Is the son of a Louisville widow of wealth. As he was but 19 years old, his mother ob jected to his paying court to Annie Pey ton. She was one year his junior, pret- ty as a picture, and for three years has earned her own way in the world as a stenographer, Mrs. Ott's objections were overruled. Young Ott slipped away from the military school at Ashe ville, N. C, to which his mother bad bundled him, and be married his heart's idol. His mother refuses to forgive him, and he is now working for $3 a week, but happy, while his bride will bold her position until his income is larger. ' One of Them Didn't Get On. , Visitor (.looking at the photograph al bum) You have a fine-looking family of boys, Mr. Bilkersoh. And they all seem to have turned out remarkably well. This is Henry, isn't it? Mr. Bilkerson (proudly) Yes, that's Henry. He's in the -music hall line. Gets 60 a week for merely singing what they call a topical song. Henry's a good deal of a genius. ' That next one is Christopher. He's a jockey. Made 7,000 out of it last year. The one on the next page is Oliver. He keeps a Stock Exchange ."bucket-shop.'! Built a fine house out of what he made-out of It last year and the year before. Yes, my boys are doing pretty well. Come out with me to the stables. 1 . Visitor But you have another son, haven't you? Mr, Bilkerson (reluctantly) Ye-e-s. His name's Gabriel. He's a professor of Greek, or theology, or something of that sort in a college. Gabe is a good enough fellow in his way, but he doesn't seem to get on. Come out to' the sta bles, Mr. Swackhammer. I : want to show you my new pair of grays." Lon don Tit-Bits. Extra Coverings. Some birds and animals put on ex tra foot coverings for winter use In walking on snow and ice and boring into It for food. Among these are the raffed grouse, the ptarmigan and West ernrabbit The latter Is sometimes known as the "snoWshoe rabbit" be cause of the long and stiff hair which appears on its feet in cold weather. The ptarmigan has broad, stiff feath ers on its feet and the ruffed grouse a sharp-pointed fringe. These drop off in the spring of the year. ", -. Inks of the Ancients. ' The Inks of ancient days were much like black paint, and, on account of the ,large quantity of gum used in their manufacture, the letters stood up in re lief on the parchments, as though em bossed. , It is an art to be able to conceal the defects of art . HBS. CI.ARKSCB OTT. ChitdreiiS vnicr What la Inaide a Watch? If you own a watch, open It and look at the little wheels, springs and screws, each an indispensable part of the whole wonderfui machine. The busy little balance wheel alone Is the result of hundreds of years of study and ex periment The watch I have before me is composed of ninety-eight pieces, and its manufacture embraces more than two thousand distinct and separ ate operations. Some of ' the small est screws are. so minute that the unaided eye cannot distinguish them from the steel filings or specks of dirt Under a powerful magnifying glass a perfect screw is revealed. , The slit In the head is 2-1000 of an inch wide. It takes 308,000 of these screws to weigh a pound, and a pound is worth $1,585. The hairspring is a strip of the finest steel, about nine' and one- half inches long, 1-100 part of an inch wide and 27-10000 of an inch thick. It is coiled up in spiral form and finely tempered. The process of tempering was long held a secret by the few pos sessing it and even now is not gener ally known. Their manufacture re quires great skill and care. The strip Is gauged to 20-1000 of an inch, but no measuring instrument has yet been devised capable of fine enough gauging to determine beforehand by the size of the strip what the strength of the fin ished steel will be. A 20-1000 part of an inch in the thickness of the strip makes a difference In the running of a watch of about six minutes per hour. The value of these springs, when fin ished and placed in watches, is enor mous in . proportion to the material from which they are made. A compari son will give a good idea. A ton of gold is worth $627,915. A ton of steel made up into hairsprings when in watches is worth $7,882,290 more than twelve and one-half times the value of pure gold. Hairspring wire weighs oner twentieth of a grain to the inch. One mile of wire weighs less than half a pound. The balance :glves five vibra tions to every second, 300 times every minute, 18,000 every hour, 432,000 times every day, and 157,680,000 every year. At each vibration it rotates about one and one-quarter times, which makes 197,100,000 revolutions .every year. In order that we may better un derstand the stupendous amount , of labor performed by these, tiny works, let us make a few comparisons. Take, for illustration, fli Jocomotive with six driving .wheels. Let its wheels be run till they, have given the same number of revolutions that a watch gives in one year, and they will have covered a distance equal to" twenty-eight com plete circuits of the earth.. All this a watch does without other attention than windihg once every twenty-four hours. Cincinnati Commercial Tribune, . Fun in . Handkerchief Tussles, i Look at the diagram and see if vim can discover a a -for the- bovs tn c.t apart -: Two ..small -girls of my ac quaintance rode , home In a street car tied together Iff' this fashion, fflent nil night over it "and did not guess the name until after breakfast next morn ing. The antics which they cut up fur nished entertainment for a whole room full of people. - To make it really excitine a nnmhpr of couples should be set coins at once and a prize offered to the pair who get apart first Such a wriggling and twisting Into all sorts of absurd nnai. tlons as this will result in could hardly be equaled by energetic' boa constrict ors. And the problem is after all quite easy of solution. The couple whom I .spoke of above when they had finally hit upon the correct plan of procedure could not . understand how it had es caped them so long. ; To separate, the girls had only to push the center of one of the handker chiefs under the" loop made by- the other handkerchief where it was tied about the wrist, and then carry the loop over the hand. Tie some of your friends together In this way and follow the directions carefully; you will soon catch the idea of how quickly to separate them. ' Making Fudge. One day a friend of mine Invited an other girl and myself to come down to her house that evening to- cook.. , So, after school was over, we all three started for the girl's home.. When we reached there the first question ask' ed, was, "What shall we "make?" and finally we decided to make fudge. I had made some at home one night but as my sister usually made It I was not very good at it but I knew the re ceipt . We took two cups of sugar, one cup of cream, two small squares of grated chocolate and a little butter. We then placed it on the stove to cook. We girls said that if it turned out all right we would each be glad to claim A HANDKEKCHIEF TUSSLE. the honor of having made It but if It was not good, we would each say t the other made It After It had cooked about ten min utes, we took It off the stove and went out doors and began to stir it Pretty soon our hopes began to rise, for it was beginning to look and taste like fudge. We decided that we had stirred it enough, so poured it out on buttered pans and went out In the barn to play, running in every now and then to take a piece of fudge that we had made .our selves. Eighteen Is Old Enourh. It appears from President Eliot's re port of last year's work at Harvard tnat hoys enter college a trifle younger than they did a generation aeo. and few of them proportionally are now prepared by private tutors. The num ber entering from public schools is steadily Increasing. Dr. Eliot thinks tnat tne excellence of the preparatory schools ought to still further reduce the average age of entrance. "There no good reason why nine-tenths of all the boys who mean to go to Har vard College should not be fully pre pared for admission at 18 years of age," he says. NEITHER ARMS NOR LEGS. Rare Example of Hum Ileitis With out Trace of Limba. This remarkable person, who was ex hibited in Paris at the time of the ex position, is one of the rare examples of a human being who has been from birth deprived of his arms and legs. He was born in France in the depart ment of Morihan (Brittany), his father and mother being in easy circum stances and living upon a small farm.. Both the parents are of good constitu tion and physically normal. - Their son. now about 25 years of age, has no ap parent trace of arms or legs, and hence Is generally known by the name of l'Homme Tronc, or trunk man. Outside of this remarkable peculiari ty, the rest of his body does not present any marked variations from the nor mal; the head is somewhat large in proportion to the body; the capillary system Is but little developed, and the head shows -a premature baldness. His parents have always taken great care of him, and he lives in a normal way (apart from the use of his members), as none of the essential organs of life are wanting. He eats, drinks and digests like another person, but if left to him self he would, undoubtedly die, as it is impossible for. him to move his body in order to procure food. It may be thought that his condition would react upon the mind and that he would be of a sad disposition and place but little value upon existence. On the contrary, he seems to be satisfied with life. The Writer questioned him upon this paint and he responded that he was quite contented with existence. He does not suffer from want of occupa tion, as might be supposed, as he has different kinds of work to keep him busy. One of his chief occupations is that of making small tables and chairs and other .objects by nailing together pieces of wood which have been pre viously cut out- for him. He takes a nail In his mouth, plants it in the wood and drives it In very adroitly. . He can also thread a needle with his mouth, and can take up a glass or metal cup which is given him 'to . drink and empty it without spilling' a drop. He seems to be sufficiently intelligent without be ing particularly so. Scientific Ameri can: . - RIVER BOATS IN RUSSIA. Strange Looking: Craft that Ply the Waters of the Muscovite Umpire, Everywhere up the Volga and its hundred, tributaries ascend the iron barges of the Caspian sea oil fleet, while through the canals to St Peters burg alone pass annually, during the 215 days of free navigation, thousands of steamers and barges bearing mill ions of .tons of freight. Every known means of locomotion is used, from men, who, like oxen," tramp the towpaths, hauling the smaller barges, to powerful tugs that creep along by means of an endless chain laid in the bed of the canals and minor rivers, dragging af ter them at snail pace great caravans of heavy barges. . From thegreater streams immense craft nearly 400 feet long 15 feet in depth, carrying 6,000 tons, of freight, drift down to the Caspian, where they arc .broken to pieces to be used as fire wood on the steamers going up stream. In all there are 8,000 miles of naviga ble waterways In the valley'of the Vol ga, or, if the streams which float the giant rafts that form so large a part of the traffic of the rivers are included. the mileage Is increased to nearly 15, 000, or as much as that of the valley of the Mississippi. ; ' -Fifty thousand rafts .are floated down the Volga annually, many, of them 100 feet long by 7 thick, and this gives but a faint idea of the Teal traffic of the river, for in addition there are 10,000,000 tons of produce passing up and down the river- during the open season. Much of this centers at Nijni Novgorod.- To "this, famous market steamers and barges come from all parts of Russia, bringing goods to be sold at the great annual fair, over $200,000,000 worth of merchandise changing hands In a few weeks ; .30,000 craft, including rafts, are required for this traffic; they come from as far north as Archangel, as far east as the Urals, from Astrakan in the south, St. Peters burg and Moscow to the west, while great caravans of ships of the desert arrive daily from all parts of Asia. ' A small boy's idea of forgiving an in. jury Inflicted by another boy is to lick him first and forgive him. afterward. It's a mean man who will deliberate ly walk between a woman and a milli net's window. Artificial Calf-Feeder, What an awful disappointment It must be to a calf to wake up some morning and find its mother missing and no warm breakfast waiting, and how disgusted It must feel when the farmer comes in a little later with a pail of skimmed mllbt straddles the calf's neck. Inserts bis finger in its mouth and tries to convince It that drinking is the proper method of feed ing from that time on. Happy would be that calf if the f aimer would pro vide it with the feeding arrangement here shown, and happy would the far mer be if he did not have to waste his time in teaching the calf to drink. The calf seems to get along fairly well un til the farmer undertakes to withdraw bis finger and make the calf go it alone, but then rebellion rises and an upset pall is the result in some cases. Once introduce the calf to this device and he may bunt to his heart's con tent without upsetting the milk. The arrangement consists of a reservoir, suspended from the wall, with a tube leading to a block underneath, on which is mounted a rubber nipple. As the nipple Is screwed on the block it may be removed as soon as the feeding is finished, or the entire feeder can be taken down If desired. Henry B. Smith, of Chauteaugay, N. Y., is the inventor. Early Paaturacre. The first grass In spring is watery and has very little nutrition In it, partly be cause it is usually to. be found on the low , lands, where' the better grade of grasses do not grow. Yet we used to like to get cattle and sheep into it as soon as it was large enough to give them a fair bite, as such grass is poor at the best, and almost worthless after It gets tough and harsh. But we never depended much upon It as food for them, excepting for its succulent quali ties. We fed as much hay and grain the morning before we let them into pasture as if they were to remain in the yard. Then we took them In early, and at night they were fed at the barn again. The green grass loosened the bowels, and perhaps we had a little more milk, or a little thriftier growth, but it made the change from bay to pasture more gradual, and they seemed to relish' it, especially if the roots were all gone, as they usually were likely to be at that season. That was before the days of the silo, and if we had one well filled we might think it better now to feed ensilage, and let the bog grass grow to be used as bedding, or to be used as a covering for strawberries or spinach, or as a mulch for some other crops. American Cultivator. Farm Separators, Butter makers kick on farm separa tors," says the Northwest Farmer. Some of the butter makers are making a live ly kick against the introduction of the farm- separator. They might as well kick against a stone wail, for kicking will not stop its coming. There is only one thing that will check its rapid in troduction, and that is better skimmilk from the creamery. Farmers are get ting more and more determined to raise good-calves, and they propose to do this with wparator skimmilk. .If the butter makers don't clean up their pumps, pipee and tanks and give the skimmilk a thorough pasteurizing the farmer is certain to lend an attentive ear to the farm separator agent a sep arator will be installed on trial, and you can count on its staying. It will then be too late to protest for after a farmer pays $100 for a separator he is quite apt to find a factory that will take his cream. Dairymen of experi ence have found that the best of calves can be raised on good separator milk, and every intelligent butter maker knows how to return it In good condi tion. - ' Lineed Oil Cake. It is an English tradition that some thing like a century ago a farmer used the refuse from a linseed or flaxseed oil mill to manure a field, and then turned sheep' on ' It. Going there a while afterward he found that the sheep had eaten the grass and the ma nure as well, and had made a better growth than those in other fields. This is said to have been the beginning of feeding linseed cake to sheep. Possi bly It Is true, for some of. our most beneficial discoveries have been made in .ways as accidental or providential as this. Exchange. , : , ' e"tronr Constitutions. Many animals lack in constitutional vigor, simply because their parents have been allowed to get too fat and THE HAPPY CALF AND ITS PEKDEK. have not had euougn exercise to keep their muscles firm and the digestive organs active, while others have failed because of the feeder having gone to the opposite extreme, failed to feed enough, and in giving exercise have ex posed them to cold and hard usage. The box stall or pen Is better for the breeding animal than closer confine ment and as much good food as they will eat better than a scanty ration, but it should not be what Is called carbon aceous or heating and fattening food, but such as to produce muscle and growth of frame. Out-of-door exercise Is needed, but that does not mean standing still In a cold wind or storm until chilled through, or being turned out to drink Ice water to chill the In ternal organs and the unborn offspring. Massachusetts Ploughman. Killing Brnah. We see much said in our Western ex changes about the value of the Angora goat to destroy brush. If that Is their strong point we do not want them. It used to be the fashion to advocate keeping sheep to kill weeds and briars. They will surely do that If kept on them, but we never knew any one to start with sheep with that as his main incentive, who did not come to the conclusion that there was no profit In sheep. If we want good wool and mut ton the sheep must have something be side briars to feed upon, and If they choose to take a few briars or weeds as a sort of condiment with the other food, well and good. So we think if Angora goats are kept to kill brush en tirely they will furnish but little mo hair and a poor flesh. Give us the old plan for killing brush, mow In July, burn In August and then let sheep pick a few of the tender sprouts If they want them the next spring. American Cultivator. Lawn Grass. While most of the seed stores sell special lawn-grass mixtures, which, perhaps, contain a half-dozen or more varieties of grass seed, we doubt if any of them will give better results than to mix one bushel of Kentucky bluegrass, a half bushel of clean redtop, or a bushel In the chaff, one peck of sweet vernal and one pound of white clover, the above being amount for one acre. The bluegrass is earlier than the red top, and the redtop resists summer beat better, while the fragrant sweet vernal is good both early and- late. Have the ground thoroughly pulverized and made rich with about six hundred pounds lawn dressing per acre, which has more nitrogen and potash than the usual superphosphates, and sow in spring as early as the ground can be well worked, or sow in August' We prefer the artificial fertilizer to the barnyard manure for lawn, as being free from weed seeds. The above mix ture is also a good one for permanent pasture. New England Farmer. What Result to the Soil ? I would not seem to undervalue sta ble manure, but it is a mistake to sup pose that land must grow poor when we cease to feed everything upon the farm. It is not necessary to sacrifice all income for the cake of keeping up the soil. Now that we know more about the composition of the soil, we know that productiveness depends In great degree upon the presence of or ganic matter in it and not solely upon stable manure or commercial fertiliz ers. The ideal condition would be one in which a goodly number of live stock could be kept with profit on nearly ev ery farm, but the cattle feeders of most fertile Eastern valleys must give up a farm scheme that makes fat cattle and wheat the only cash products. The list of cash crops will be madejonger, and clover, peas and sods must be free ly used to supplement the manure. Farm and Fireside. Little Hay Goea a Long: Way. Hay for work horses should not be fed in excessive amounts when they are upon the road or worked hard. Stuffing with hay when required to ex ert their strength or speed is liable to cause serious and lasting injury. It Is also without doubt a more frequent cause of heaves and windbreak in horses than in anything else. When either of these troubles exists it so ag gravates the disease as to endanger the animal's life. At morning and noon only very little hay should be given, with enough grain to keep up the strength and fleRh of the horse, but at night a liberal amount of hay should be fed. Farm and Home. Barbed-Wire Fences. ' An animal will seldom go near enough to a barbed-wire fence to be badly dam aged by it, if led up to It when first put out, and allowed to learn how sharp the barbs are by a slight prick from them, which will do no "real damage. But sometimes one will push another against It- The greatest danger is from a barbed-wire that is not in place, but has become detached from the post and I has a part of its length lying on the ground to entangle the legs of any ani mal or person walking along "and not noticing. See that all such fences are made safe before any animals are let out there. ' Covering: Tree Wound. Among popular conclusions arrived at from the general experience tn using various preparations, such as shellac varnish, liquid grafting wax, tar and white lead paint for healing wounds made In pruning trees Is that taking all things together, nothing seems to be better than covering the wounds yvltb common lead paint somewhat " thick, and that grafting wax 'Is a close 'sec ond. Wax is the superior to paint In the matter of healing, but It doe not last so well, nor is it so convenient to apply. . ., Milk VcmcIb. . Milk vessels should, as far as possi ble, be made without seams, and all soldered Joints be made as smooth' at possible.