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About The Columbian. (St. Helens, Columbia County, Or.) 1880-1886 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 16, 1885)
THE COLUMBIAN. Published Every Friday, at ST. HELENS, COLUMBIA CO., OR.. BY Published Eveky Fhipat, AT ST. HELENS, COLUMBIA CO., Oil., BY E. G. ADAMS, Editor and Proprietor. E. 0. ADAMS, Editor and Proprietor SlTHSCRIFTION BATES : Advertising Rates : One year, in advance $2 00 oix monlns, Titwmontkfs. " VOL. V. ST. HELENS, COLUMBIA COUNTY, OREGON, JANUARY 16, 1885. IN KJ, Z't, I Eadsubsequeot insertion 100 THE COLUMBIAN. COLUMBIAN RELIGIOUS AND EDUCATIONAL. Texas has tin greatest school fund ul any State in the Lnion. . The increasing number of Jewish undergraduate; is much remarked at Oxford. The Swedish Church has recently adopted the lie vised Version of the Scriptures. The School law is to be enforced in such a manner in Gridley, Cal.. as to make boys attend school or leae the town. The First Congregational Church of Kansas City, located on the corner of Eleventh ami McGee streets, was indicated recently. The edifice is of stone, and cost .k,000. Dakota has eightv-four organized counties already. A common school system has be .'n "organized in sixty-five of them, and two-thirds of the children of the Territory are enrolled. There are few better arguments for industrial education that the fact that there are only seven mechanics among the 1,014 prisoners in the Eastern Pen itentiary. J'tifmief-j'iin Times. The growth of the organization known as the Young Men's Christian Association, during the last eighteen years, has been remarkable not only as to membership, but as to the results ac complished. Pu rl i ng to n 11a wkcye. Sixty Harvard freshmen have dropped their Latin, eighty their Creek, and one hundred their mathematics. None of them have dropped their base ball or their boating, however, and col lege culture is still safe. A". Y. Sun. There is this difference between happiness and wisdom: that he that thinks himself the happiest man really is so; but he that thinks himself the wi-est is generally the greatest fool. Cotton Work on the walls of the Mormon Temple, in Salt Lake City, has su lentled for the winter. lhe mam structure is up to the square, but the c entral spires have yet to be reured a distance of ninety feet. Chicago Inter Oct an. llolv Trinitv Church, Stratforn-on Avon, in the chancel of which the bones of Shakespeare lie, is to be restored at a cost of ;tjo,0'X). lhe restorations in clude the opening of the north and south transepts and the removal of the gailer.es in the nave. The first General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States met in Baltimore Decern ber '21. 1817. When Francis Asburv was ordained Bishop the church had eighty ministers and 15,000 members. The Centennial Conference, which met m Ja!t:inore recentlv, represented a church with 25,000 ministers anT 3, yo0, iU0 communicants. Methodism has done a great work in the century pat. What will it do in the century to c Chicago Inter O'-can' omer WIT AND WISDOM. -Man is man's greatest stud v. and how to get ahead of him his most per sistent. Uoston hlobe. .1 . .11 wv,. ... - asks: -Why do the leaves fall slowly to the ground?" Laws of gravity. dear, that's all. Boston Post. Mary's Little Jam. Mary had'a little jam Twelve tumblers In a row; And evervbere that Mary went Her kev wus sure to go. She left it in the lock one duy. Which made her brother laugh; He culled his chum, they sctoped the Jam, And shared it half and half. Money doesn't always make the mare go. Fat man (who is in some thing of a hurry) "1 11 give you five dollars to get me to the station in three minutes." Cabman (with provoking slowness): "Well, sorr, you might corrupt me, but you can t bribe that horse. Harvard Lampoon. -Look here,' said Uppcrcea, the chorister, as the grocer was weighing out his sugar, "those things of yours weigh light.' "Mr. Uppercea." repli ed old llvson, severely, "I'm like your self: I run the scales to suit m v. self,' and the congregation has to stand it." And the chorister pulled out all his stops at once. Brooklyn Eagle. Young wife "Why, Charley, what have you gone and bought a dog for?" Young husband "Ah um. my dear, you know we can't eat everything that comes on the table; no family can." Young wife "O Charlie crying, I knew you wouldn't like my cooking. O dear. de:ir!" Young husband "There, there! don't cry. 1 11 sell the dog." Burlington Free Iress.. Smith purchased a "muley" cow and drove her home yesterday evening. The animal was a curiosity to his chil dren. "Oh, what a tow!" exclaimed little three-year old; "it dot no horns." "Papa has 'em," said live-year-old. "Why don't 'e put 'em on 'e tow?" "I don't know. 1 heard him say he had swallowed a couple of horns afore breakfast, and I guess they are inside of him now. Mamma told him he would swaller the cow afore six weeks." Newman Independent. Not long since a New Hampshire committeeman was examining an infant school class. "Can any little girl or boy give the definition of the word average? ' he a-ked. For some time no one replied, but linally a little girl hesitating- eplied: "if is a thing a hen lays an egg on, sir." -No, that's not right." "Yes, sir, my book says so;" and she trotted up fo her ques tioner and pointed to this sentence in her reading book: "A hen lays an egg every day on an average."' Every Other Saturday. t " m Why He Felt Easy. "I'm afraid of these coachmen," re marked one old gentleman to 'another in a Broadway stage. "How so?" , 'They are always running off with one's daughter, and all that sort of thing. Ain't you afraid?' "Not particularly." "How do you manage it Do you hire a married man?" "No." "Do you hire a companion to watch your daughter''' "No. I don't think there is any dan ger in my case." Oh! I nee; you have no coach man." "No. No daughter. "Drake's Traxh cUr's Magazine. - AN OLC-TIME CHRISTMAS. The I'Vast iiitj. ameit and Pastime of Three 1 fund red Years Ago. J In the fifteenth and sixteenth centu ries this whole season was given up to revels and jollity, in which eating and drinking had a promineut part. In London in the Iifteenth century the first duty of the Lord Mayor and corpora tion was to dine, andtheugo, as soberly as might be, to the Church of St. Thomas Aeon, and sit through the whole service. On other festival days and Sundays they had a habit of skipping out after the prayers were under way, but on Christmas they were bound to set an example of perseverance. Service over, their worships rode on horseback, by torch-light, through v the jnarket of Chepe and back to the church, where, being in a liberal frame of mind on ac count of the day and the good dinner, they made a money offering to the church. Each man contributed the magnificent sum of one penny to its treasury! This duty done, they re turned to their own houses, and made more.or less a night of it. after the im memorial manner of good city fathers, in private, the custom not hav ing yet arisen ot niamlesting happiness by "painting the . town red." We read a good deal about the excess of the Christmas dinners. Sir John Keresby in his memoirs makes a penitential note of a dinner at Thjr berg in 10X1: "The Earl of Huntington, mv Lord Ellend, and some others dined with me, when we ended the vear in more than an ordinary debauch: which, God forgive me! it being neither mv custom nor inclination much to do so' The next year there was at table a "Mr. Bolton, an ingenious clergyman, but too ! much a good fellow." The good fellows liked lhyrberg; during the holidays as many as forescore gentlemen and yeo men, with their wives, dined daily at the hall. Christmas was always a democratic festival: all classes mingled in the games and merriment, and hospitality was universal. An English gentleman in the country, on Christmas Dav in the morning, had all his tenants and neigh bors enter the hall by daybreak. The strong beer was broached, and the black-jacks went plentifully round, with toast, sugar, nutmeg, ami good Cheshire cheese. The great sausage (the Hackin) must be boiled at day break, and if it failed to be ready, two young men must take the maiden (i. e.. the cook) by the anrrand run her round the market-place till she was ashamed of her laziness. The maids had. however, some privileges of retort. In some places in Oxfordshire it was the custom for the maid-servant to ask the man for ivy to dress the house, and if the man refused or neg lected to fetch t'ui iy, the .maid stole a pair of his breeches and nailed them up to the gate in the garden or highway. During the festival days the tables were perpetually spread; the sirloin of beef, the minced-pie, the plum-porridge, tur keys, geese and plum-puddings, were all brought upou the board at once, and every one ate heartily and was wel come, so that the proverb originated of "'Tis merry in hall when lieards wag all." The geutlemen went to early serv ice in the church, and returned to breakfast on brawn and mustard and malmsey. Brawn was a dish of great antiquity. It was made from the flesh of large boars which lived in a half-wild-state, and when put to fatten were strapped and belted tight round the carcass, in order to make the flesh be come dense and brawny. It came to market in rolls two feet long by ten inches in diameter, packed in wicker baskets. At dinner the first course served was the boar's head, on a silver platter, adorned with bays and rose mary, carried into the hall with much state, preceded by the Master of Revels, and followed by choristers and min strels singing and playing compositions in its honor. A stanza of a common carol sung was this: "Then sett downe the swincyurd, The foe to the vineyard, Lett liacchus crown hi fall: Lett this boaro' head and mustard Stand for pijrjf. jroose and custard. And so j'ou are welcome all." Another dish, common to Shakes peare's day, which added at least to the show of the feast, was the "stately pye." that is, a peacock or pheasant pie. In the days of chivalry the knights took their vows at a solemn feast, on presen tation of a roasted peacock in a golden dish. This custom was kept up at Christmas by the bringing in on the most magnificent dish the house could afford, of a peacock in a pie, preserving as much as possible the form of the bird, with the head elevated above the crust, the beak richly gut, and the beautiful tail spread out to its full ex tent. It was from this superb dish that the oath came, "By cock and pye, sir." At the supper two servants attended, bearing fair torches of wax next before the musicians and the trumpeters, and they stood above the lire (the lire of sea coal being originally in the midde of the room) with the musicians till the first course was served, when they re tired, with the music, to the buttery. After supper, as well as before, there were revels and dancing during the twelve days of Christmas, and games in which all classes joined. Uneot the fa vorite games was known as snapdragon. Brandy was set on fire and raisins thrown into it. The diversion consisted of adventures to pluck out the raisins. The Master of the Revels sang a song or carol, in which the gentlemen took part at his command. The requisites' for good Christmas fare were plenty of good drink, a blaz ing fire in fhe hall, brawn, pudding and souse, and mustard with all (mustard is your great provoker of a noble thirst), beef, mutton and pork, shred or mince pies of the best, pig, veal, goose, capon, turkey, cheese, apples and nuts, with jolly carols. When the company tired of games and romping sports, it garn ered about the ruddy fire, and had tales of legendary lore, adventures of knights and ladies and friars, of strange appari tions and ghosts, of coaches on lonely moors drawn by a team of headless horses driven by a headless coachman, with graveyard passengers, of wonder ful portents in nature, stories of true love wrapped in mystery and ending in grief, and all sorts of ghostly reminis cences, which seemed as real as the dancing shadows which the light of the x ule-loc cast upon the duskv timbers of the blill. Such laics, wc read, forinet principal par! of the rural conversation at all such assemblies as this at Christ mas-time. (liartis nift'en nar.ur.in Harper's Magazine. TWO STORIES AMD A MORAL. Something f.r Fathers :usd Mjllieri to Think Over Sad ll:;jenin Which are of Too 'otiin n Occurrence. A girl lies bedridden in Brooklyn and a bov has recentlv broken down 'in New York whose cases are sadly suggestive The girl was the pi ide of her parents, and their glory in her class .success in the "Teat school for girls which she at tended prompted her to overwork. H application to study did not seem execs sive. She worked onlv a little harden than is common, so far as such work can be measured bv the time devote to it, and she took time enough for sleep. Yet she was eager ami anxious and somewhat fearful of being excelled in her class; and so, without knowing that she did so, she made heavier de mands upon her strength than she was able to meet with safety. Examination dav came, and she con quered. Then she threw herself down upon a sofa to sleep, and fell into a state of coma from which it was impossible to rouse her for nearly a week. From that day now about three years gone to this, she has been unable to rise from her couch. The girl is a wreck; her intellect is shattered, and everv hour of her life is a torture to her. The boy was a bright fellow, not over ambitious on his own account, but lov ingly ambitious to gratify his father's pride in him. In all his studies but one he had plain sailing enough, but in that one Latin he encountered unusual difficulty because of some peculiar w ant of adaptation to the study of languages., He failed in an examination, and his father foolishly manifested a good deal of mortification over the occurrence. The poor boy was resolute in his deier mination to spare his father a second humiliation of the kind, and so he drove himself unmercifully in his s'udy. Night atter night he arose lrom ins bed a soon as the house was still, and secretly worked at his Latin until near the gray of the morning; Nobony knew of thi excess, and the father v. ould have for bidden it had he known. But presently the collapse came. The boy's nervous system gave wav under the strain, and it is now a serious quesfon whether his restoration even to tolerable health will- ever be effected by the rest and outdoor life ordered for him as the last small hope of saving him. These are but sample cases. There are hundreds of others like them, and there are thousands of instances in! which no such collapse comes, but Lnj which grave injury is nevertheless done to mind or body or both. Bright boys and girls are eduf?'rd. into dull men and women; healthy bo-s and girls are converted by educational processes into nervous, queurlous hypochondriacs, or are trained into incipient consumption or heart disease, or other insidious mal ady that spoils as well as shortens their lives. Is it not worth while to ask ourselves seriously whether, in our "high pres sure system of education, the pressure is not dangerously high? Do not the emulations of the school-room, the in-' fluence of teachers, and the senseless rivalries created by the marking and ex-, amination sstems, afford quite all the stimulus that can be safely put upon childhood? And, above all, do we not mislead children to their hurt by placing, or seeming to place, a higher value upon school success than such success actually has? Suppose a bov stands rather low in his class, what then? Does it followl that he is lacking in capacity, or even that he has any constitutional and per- manent lack oi industry r Mirely no body who has been at pains to observe the facts of life can hold such an opinion. At the end of our late war, a: young man was graduated at the top of, his class, at est J'oint, ami a friend ft. 1 tt' II a said to mm: -well, a.., your career is, secure, of course." "I am not so sure of that," was the reply; "I have gradu ated at the top of my class, it is true,! but there is ("rant, you know, who grad uated at the bottom of his, and he isn't! quite a failure in life." Moreover, and apart from all this, thei fact remains that, some minds mature more slowly than others, and some ac quire much more slowly, while aequir-1 ing wiin aumiraoie certainty, and assim ilating knowledge most profitably. These miss examinations frequently. and are not the worse, but the better fori missing them, because there is profit for such minds in going twice over given ground. In any case a failure in examination is not disgraceful, and it is fake and hurtful for parents and teach ers to treat it as if it were in some wav shameful. That way disaster lies. N. Y. Commercial Advertiser. HE WOULDN'T SPEAK. A You Hi oa Whom the Young Ladle at a Dime Supper Wasted Their Labor. They had a dime supper in the neigh- borliood of Pawtucket, conceived and carried out by the ladies. The condi tions of this novel supper were these For every word spoken by the gentle men at the supper-table a forfeit of ten cents was imposed; but, on the other hand (as duties are always compensated wiin rights and restrictions with priv ileges,) it was agreed that whoever' could weather the whole supper, sub- muting to all queries, surprises and ingenious questions without replying, should be entitled to it gratuitously. Many and frequent were the artifices and subterfuges resorted to by the ladies in attendance to entrap the unguarded, and one after another stout amf discreet men went down before the constant volley of artful interrogations. At last all fell out and paid the dime penalty save one individual, a queer chap whom nobody seemed to know. He attended strictly to business, and passed unheeded the jokes, gibes and challenges. They quizzed him, but all m vain. He wrestled with turkey and grappled with the goose. He bailed out the cranberry sauce with an unswerving hand, and he ate celery as the scriptural vegetarian ate grasses; and, linally, when he had finished his fifth piece of pie, he whipped out a pocket-slate and wrote oa it in a large and legible hand: "I am deaf and dumb." Providence Journal. SPHERICAL SOAP. Mr. Thlmblejlg'a Unpleasant Experience With a Cake of that Variety. Old Mr. WagstaffThimblejigsays the toilet soap that comes in balls instead of in cakes is an abomination and an evil that should be suppressed by law One day last week Mr. Thimblejig was standing in the bath-room by the open window washing his hands with one of these spherical specimens of transpar ent soap. He couldn't get any lather out of it to save his life by rubbing it on his hands; he was either obliged to get a lather by first rubbing it on his hair, or by hold ing it pretty tightly in one hand and turning it swiftly around with the other, as a pitcher manipulates a base-ball be fore delivery to get the proper twist on it. As he was turning it around for about the fiftieth time, it slipped swiftly from his hand, llew up to the ceiling, and came back, taking Mr. Thimblejig on the nose, and then scudding out through the window. Before it could touch the ground it came in contact with the dog that was asleep in the pafth, and drew a 3Telp out of him that could be heard after the dog was out of sight. From the g's head it flew against a clothes-pole, and thence up in the air, taking the silk hat ott painter. Then down it came crashing toward young Thimblejig, who couldn't understand what it meant. He had base-ball bat in his hand, and with that he let the soap-ball have it as hard as he could. He sent the ball flying on a line toward the kitchen door. Before it got there, however, Mr. Wagstaff Thimble jig came bounding through the aperture to get the soap. He got it, too got it right etween the eyes. lhe ii was very affecting. As soon as Mr. Thimblejig could regain his feet, he started up-stairs to wash the blood and dust off his face. That soap never him in such a lather before. got By this time the dog wa3 a mile off, increasing his speed. And the further ho got from the house, the more dis tinctly you could hear him. If he could sign his name to all he was barking, it would not be a very complimentary ad vertisement for that soap. Meantime that soap, after rebounding from Mr. Thimblejig s nose, had taken the liberty of lamming the milkman s horse n the head, ami the poor animal ran away, and upset the cans as he went along, thus watering, or milking, the hot, dusty road. lhe soap was almost master of the situation. The cook had fled to the cellar. Young Thimblejig came out attired in a base-ball catcher's mask, a fencing-jacket and a tennis-racket. But before he could get on his guard, or rather before he could locate the soap, it came suddenly around the corner of the house, took him on the back of the head, and grassed him like a shot. As it sped on its course, a nice inno cent dog next door saw it coming. He was a sort of trick dog, and ho thought he would catch it, being under the im pression that it was hurled for him to fetch. But, instead, it fetched fetched him right in the mouth, and a few hours later, when he was down at the village being measured for a set of false teeth, he concluded that the next time he ran to get a ball he would run after it, and pick it up after it stopped. But right oft the dog s jaw it bounced straight back toward the window, where JUr. Thimblejig was washing the gore off his face, and flying through the aperture. landed square in his hands, and ho went on washing his hands with it as though nothing had happened. After he was through, however, he se cured every spherical cake of soap in the house, and flattened them out with a hammer to make them harmless. And he vows that ii his wife brings any more of them in the house, he will try to se cure an absolute divorce from her. if. K. Munkittrick, in Puck. FOR HOUSEHOLD USE, Some Chemicals Which Should Find a Com mon Use In Every Family. It is surprising, considering how many women have been instructed in chemistry in their school days, to find how few housekeepers make any use of chemicals in various household processes. Especially is this the case in cleansing processes. The washing of clothes is usually wholly accomplished by rubbing the clothes on the washboard, and with no other detergent than soap. The rubbing of the clothes wears them out far more than use, and if housekeepers only knew, or if knowing they would take advantage of the fact, that many washing compounds will almost entire ly cleanse clothes which are soaked in them over night, and thus almost en tirely do away with the labor and wear of the washboard, wash-day might be robbed of half its terrors. Ponoinf j frw wocliinof flu", Is. fhn nrin- cipal ingredients of which are soda-ash, ammonia and lime, can be found in nearly every household receipt-book, and are very cheap and harmless. All such washing compounds aie useful and convenient for cleaning woodwork, paints and carpets in a house; also in washing dishes and securing that desid eratum of housekeepers, clean dish cloths. Ammonia is a simple, cheap and harmless chemical that should be bought by the quart and kept in every family. A few drops added to water will cleanse children s hair ana mane it soft and sweet: it is an admirable dis infectant to remove the odor of perspir ation; it will remove grease spots from clothing and often restore colors to stains. Its common and frequent use can not be too frequently urged. Borax is another chemical that should find a common use in every family. For cleansing the teeth and sweetening the breath a few grains of the powder in water are unexcelled. It also softens and whitens flannels. Salicylic acid is a perfectly odorless and harmless yet powerful disinfectant, and for many disinfecting uses in tho lousehold is invaluable. It is very cheap and convenient inform. In these days. when to stay various forms of disease is so important, mothers ana nouseKeepers would do well to give study and thought to these things, and to try to make their Knowledge of science practical, ac is very encouraging to note now many women are at present turning their at tention to studies in general and applied science. Let us have its benents exem plified in the household. Mrs. II. Mc- Earle, in Weekly Magazine. FIGURES ON FENCING. A Vast Expense That Must Disappear In the Near Future. fences are neither of ancient nor modern origin. They are the result of a transition from nomadic life to a per manent occupation of limited tracts, the peaceable possession of which was se cured by fencing out all outside stock. and must disappear with the state of civilization which brought them into existence. As civilization advances and the human race increases, and the lam; becomes more thickly inhabited and valuable, cultivation mast increase am grazing decrease till the occasion for fences will, by slow degrees, pass awav Fences have already disappeared from continental Europe, at least in all the most densely populated parts. A trav eler as seldom sees a iarm lenced'in Europe as he sees one here unfenced, The advancement of agriculture in the eastern part of the United States is rapidly leading to a condition which calls for less and less fencing. The tendency, even with dairymen, is strongly toward grazing less and stall feeding more. They find it more profit able to contract their pastures and sup port their herds more on cultivated crops because so much more food can be produced by cultivating than by grazing a given surface. They not only reduce fences by diminishing the size of their pastures, but they are fast doing awav with inside fences, and throwing all their grazing fields into one lot. In the best dairy districts of New York State single pastures are quite general and are believed to be best. Their adoption is one step toward a reduction of fencing. Another step in the same direction might well be made in abolishing fences along highways, which are built for the most part not for the convenience of the land-owner, but to fence intruders out. and in all snowy regions at least, had better be out of the way than remain Fencing the highways involves an ex pense the magnitude of which few will appreciate unless they take some pains to hgure it out, and the same is true with respect to farm fences. The high price of fencing material and labor make the cost of fence about one dollar per rod, whether of boards and posts or rails and stakes. At this rate a man who has a mile of road -fence to huild must invest $o'2Q in labor and material. and be subjm-t to an annual tax of ten per cent, of its cost for annual repair. which together impose upon him a a yearly tax of $ol.'20, reckoning inter est at six per cent,, a pretly severe tax to pay for a nu:sance, and one which. if applied to the roads oi the whole State, becomes surprisingly large. Re tracing the lines on any i of the later State maps which lav down the roads in detail, it appears tlfere are about G5,000 miles of road in the State, requiring loO.OUO miles of fence to fence them, in volving an investment of SlLGOO.lXK) for building, and an annual tax for in terest and repairs of $4,6.0,OOO. The farms of the State, tho census shows, average about UK), acres each. and are supposed to be fenced into ten acre lots. This would require eight roils of fence to the acre, and at the above rate of cost would require annual ly for interest of outlay and repairs, $1. 28 per acre or 128 for a 100-acre farm, and for the lG.OOU.OOO acres of improved land in the State, would make an an nual expense for interest and repair of fences of .20,4S0,000, to say nothing about the 10,000,000 acres of woodlands and other lands included in the farms. If the fences along the highway are counted with the'rest it would probably , i uc saie to say mat one-nan uie ienccs m the State are continued from the force of habit rather than from economy, making a leak from the pockets of New York farmers of some $10,000,000 a year, besides the waste of ground the fences occupy, which is no inconsiderable item. The waste of land will vary with the style of fence. The average is a strip of land one-fourth of a rod wide, making for a 100-acre farm having 800 rods of fence, a waste of 200 square rods, or IV acres, and for the State, 200,001) acres, which, at $40 an acre, make an investment in land occupied by fences of $8.000, 000. Look at it as we will, fencing is an expensive luxury, and a little thought bestowed upon the sub ject must make it apparent to every re flecting farmer that the most important question in regard to fencing is how to get along with the least of it. If fences must be built it pays to make good ones, and withal as cheap as pos sible. A poor fence, like a broken beam. is a deception ami a snare, having the appearance ot protection but without any. 1 here is no single kind of fence which would be best everywhere. Tho 6tyle to be preferred must depend on ocality, and the materials that can be made available. Where rails of lasting timber are within reach j they are the cheapest and best, but they are not to be had everywhere. In other localities posts and boards are the best that can be used, and failing of these, posts and wire must be resorted to. However, the real question as already said is not so much how fence can best be made as how one can best get along without it. 'ences, as shown above, are expensive convenience to be avoided wherever this is possible. Some fence, farmers who iuep stock think they must have, but it s wise to reduce the necessity for it to the smallest possible amount, especially jcrmanent fences which become a nui sance by being rigidly in the way, and a fruitful resort for propagating all sorts of trees and bushes, and foul weeds to grow and ripen their seeds to scatter over the adiacent fields.; uy having fences movable so that their site may be cultivated occasionally, such un sightly and contaminating accumula tions may be wiped away. Prof. L. If. imold, in A. J. Iribune. An interesting conversation oc curred on Saturday between a drunken countryman and one of Dave Silver's dummies, m which countryman did all the talking. The fellow tolil the dummy good morning, and as it made no reply the drunken fellow became insulted and rolled up his sleeves for fight, shook us fist in its face, and said: "1 ain t nfraid of anything that hits the grit, and if you want anything outen me you can git it." As the dummy; didn t want anything the fellow walked oft', saying: You can t bluff me with your town clothes on. I am a'sumpthin' myself. Hancock (Oa.) Bulletin. CHEWING GUM. The Complicated Process Indulged In by I lie People of Patagonia. lo lit it for use the natives make it into pellets, then hold it on the point of a stick over a basin of cold water; a coal of fire is "then ajproaehed to it, causing it to melt and trickle down by drops into the basin. The drops, hard ened by the process, are then kneaded with the fingers, cold water being ad ded occasionally, till the gum becomes thick and opaque like putty. Tochtw it properly requires a great deal of practice, and when this indigenous art has been acquired a small ball of maken may be kept in the mouth two or three hours every day, and used for a week or longer without losing its agreeable resinous tiavoi- or diminish ing in bulk, so firmly does it hold to gether. The maken chewer, on taking the ball or quid from his mouth, washes it and puts it by for future use, just as one does with a tooth-brush. Chewing gum is not merely an idle habit, and the least that can be said in its favor is that it allays the desire for excessive smoking no small advantage to the idle dwellers, white or red, in this desert land; it also preserves the teeth by . keeping them free from extraneous matter, and gives them such a pearly luster as I have never seen out side of th:s region. My own attempts at chewing maken have, so far, proved signal iauures. omehow rne gum in variably spreads itself in a thin coat over the interior of mv mouth, covering the palate like a sticking-plaster and in closing the teeth in a stubborn rubber case. Nothing will serve to remove it when it comes to this pass but raw suet, vigorously chewed for half an hour, with occasional sips of cold water to harden the delightful mixture and in duce it to come away. The culmina tion of the mess is when the gum spreads over the lips and becomes en tangled m the hairs that overshadow them; and when the closed mouth has in In r;irfiill v nnpnftil with tho tlno-nra until these also become sticky and liold together firmly as if united by a mem brane. All this comes about through the neglect of a simple precaution, and never happens to the accomplished masticator who is to the manner born. When the gum is still fresh occasionally it loses the quality of stiffness artificially imparted to it, and suddenly, without rhyme or reason, transforms itself into the raw material a it came from the tree. The adept, knowing bv certain indications when this is about to hap pen, takes a mouthtui ot cold water at the critical moment, "and so averts a re sult so discouraging to the novice. Maken-chewing is a habit common to everybody throughout the entire terri tory of Patagonia, and for this reason I have described the delightful practice at ome length. oenllcman s Magazine. THE COST OF TRAVEL. Texan Who Speculated Five Tears Ahead on a Trip to New York. A long, raw, specimen "grey," with and covered boots, and little flakes of cotton dabbled all over his clothes and ornamenting his red, shaggy beard. sidled up to the Union Depot ticket window last Monday, and asked if the ticket agent was in. "Yes, sir, that's me," responded Charlie Ltisk, trying to size up the in quirer. "What can I do for you?" " al, l ap n, 1 wanted ter una out the price of a ticket to Noo Yok. Yer see " "Yes, sir,' interrupted Charlie, with bland smile. "I sec. Forty-four sixty-live is the fare; we can "Wal, Cap'n 'lowed I'd take a trip when I got things sorter settled Hp like and ' Perfectly right; now. Colonel, let me show vou some of our routes. Y e have a spiendid line of routes just in," and CharhM brought a bundle of fold ers down on "the window shelf. "Now, here's Fort Worth." he continued, trac ing the route with his index finger, 'vou take our road to St Louis, then "As I was sayin', Cap'n," interrupt ed the stranger, "I. thought me an the ole woman and the boys might go to Noo Yok " "Oh, ves. How many are there in the family?" "Countin me and the ole woman and all of the boys there's eight." "Eight! and Lusk s smile grew blander as the corners of his mouth dis appeared behind his ears, while he ooked up at tho ceiling and mentaiu calculated what .his "commish" would amount to. "Yes Colonel, we can fix you up. When did j-ou want to start r "Wal, Cap n, 1 don t zactly know, replied the "grev," as he reflectively wiped his nostril on the ball of his thumb, while the agent nonchalantly tried the stamp on a folder to see if it was correctly dated. "The old wom an's been dirgin at me to take 'em on a trip when I got paid up. Yes see, I bought everything on credit when "les, yes, 1 know; that s all right. Now what route would you prefer east of St. Louis?" . "Wal, I don't jest know. Yer see. Cap'n, I bought on credit when- " "Oh, yes, I see. Now we have sev eral choice routes east of St. Louis. What do 3 ou say to the O & M. ?" "1 hats test it. Cap n. lm owin' cm so dura much that I be dad gummed fl think I'll get away for five Vears; but vou might lav them ere tickets one ide for me and I'll come and get 'em when I'm paid out. Yer see, I bought The ticket window closed with a bang. and the farmer thoughtfully took a huge bite of navy and turned sorrowfully away. Texas Hail and Wire. In view of the heavy- losses from ires in the Southern States many of the ead'mg insurance companies are seri ously thinking of entirely withdrawing from the Souih. The chief causes as signed for the heavy hisses have been incendiarism, and in a measure the con struction of so many frame stores in anges, causing whole towns to be burned up at oae tire. A". Y. Post. -The highest-priced clock in Ameri ca is owned by a Wall-street broker in New York. It cost .$34,000, and waa made in that city. N. Y.Star. MISCELLANEOUS. "Evangelical Base-Ball Club," is Ine name of an organization which is ivorrying the life out of an Ohio town. The school law is to be enforced in such a manner in Gridley, Cal., as to make boys-attend school or leave the town. San Francisco Call. Bean-bread is tho chief food of the Indians in Indian Territory. It is com posed of owdered beans, mixed with water, and baked over an open lire. Bishop William Taylor savs that in frica the natives have only two suits sach dirt and paint and that you can sell a Christian Kallir, because he wears i shirt. Howard Barnes, poor, dissipated ind sick, 6hot himself, in the woods near Truckee, Nevada, recently. Five rears ago Barnes was one of the wealthi- sst gamblers, saloon-keepers and sport ing men in Indianapolis. IndianajHjlis lournal. John Hunsberger, of Harvey Coun ty, Kan., reports a great yield of wheat trom a small quantity of seed, lrom one and one-half bushels of seed sowed on three acres he reaped 13. bushels, a yield of ninety bushels to each bushel of seed sown. Climate appears to exert an im portant influence on the bristles of swine. In Kussia they are very long and still, and are in consequence of great value for making brushes, and for attaching threads to for the use of shoemakers. Hogs in Spain and Northern Africa, however, are covered with curly hairin Bte'ad of bristles. A plant called the melon shrub has been introduced into California from Guatemala. It grows to the height of three feet, bears a beautiful purple and white flower, is an evergreen, and pro duces a melon about four inches long by two or three in diameter, of excellent taste. Dr. Spitzka says tho popular delu sion that the human eye has an inlluenco over insane people similar to that claimed for the same organ over wild animals is one that is often ridiculed by the insane themselves. He adds that whoever attempts to utilize the notion will recognize its absurdity promptly. Some people have no use for rail roads. A middle-aged white man and wife walked into Acworth, Ga.. tho other afternoon to do a little trading. They stated that they left Home a little late the same morning and had walked every step of tho way. They said that a fellow was no account that couldn't walk seventy-five miles a day. Tho man carried a gun and the woman sev eral articles. Atlanta Constitution. Over fifty j-ears ago on the farm now owned by James McChesney, at Guilderland Station, N. Y., a lady by the name ofJnpp put a jar of butter in the well to harden up. The jar slipped from its fastenings and fell into tho water. It was grappled for, but with out success. During the late drought, as Mr. McChesney was cleaning the well, he found the jar with about two pounds of butter still remaining in it in a pretty good state of preservation. The jar is of queer pattern, but was broken in getting it out of the well. - m NEW YORK FROM THE BAY. How the City Looks from ail Iiicouilnir Steamer's Deck. If that eminent English observer who visited America in the primitive forties could then write so beautifully of the grandeur of New York as it appeared to' him when the packet on which he was a passenger emerged into a noble bay. whose waters tparklcd like nature's eyes turned up to heaven," what could he not say now of the glorious nictrojo lis? Then there lay stretched out be fore him confused heaps of buildings. with hero and there only a spire or steeple looking down upon tho frame and brick work below, and here and there, again, a cloud of hazy smoke, and in tho foreground a lorest or ship s masts, cheery with Happing sails and waving Hags. Then there were ferry-boats laden- with people, coaches, wagons, baskets and boxes, crossing from shore to shore, and never idle ami stately among these restless "insects" were two or three large ships moving with slow, majestic pace, as creatures of a prouder kind, disdainful of their Ininy journeys, and making, for tho road sea. How magnified now is this picture that even then was lovely! To the eve of the passenger up the bay on a bright October day first breaks through the veil of distant obscurity a broad channel, with sloping banks on either side, dotted with pleasant villas and made refreshing bv turf and trees. Then looms into view that dismantled relic of the late rebellion and its silent old yellow fortification. And then ap peared the Battery, with numberless craft of sail and steam sweeping around it from the North into the East river and from the East into tho North river, and with towers innumerable and smoke impenetrable making its background. Tinkling upon tho ear is the rattle of cordage, the clank of capstans and tho joyful singing of whistles, while above all is the roar and buzz of the t rathe on the city's streets that can be distinctly heard. Old slant-roofed dwellings have been displaced by the colossal Produce Exchange, the gigantic Mills building, the tall Field building and tho solid- looking gray stone barge ofiice, with its jaunty revenue flag affording a bit of color; and as a relief to all this aspect of commercial life are the spreading green trees with which the Battery park abounds. The great bridge stretches away in the distance, ioining the "two cities of New York' and Brooklyn, ami in the opposite direction are the big docks and elevators of the great railroad lines that bring produce to the port for distribution throughout the world." At night'the scene is doubly enhanced by the brilliancy of electric lights. From the bay nearly every building is pcrcei tible in a steelv light, and tho waters of ' the rivers dance with the myriad f re flections. One evening, not long since, the full moon was observed rising over the bridge. It looked as big as the city hall clock, and was the color of a pump kin. As it rose higher and higher from the horizon one of the bridge lights ap- eared directly in its center, looking ike a huge diamond in an immense gold -setting. JV. Y. Herald.