Bandon recorder., March 04, 1909, Image 5

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RURAL ROADMAKING.
How Some Farmers Built a Good
.
Highway Cheaply.
STONES FROM FIELDS USED.
Nothing Paid For Material—No Largo
Profit For a Contractor—Only Cost
of the Road Was the Cost of Homo
Labor.
One fact people are alow to learn la
:hat the soil nature made for growing
plants in does not make a good read­
ied. Roll la decomposed or pulverized
ruck with some humus or vegetable
oiatter. When this is wet it is mud;
R-hen very dry it is dust.
When soli is used for a road the
most of the time it is in either one of
these two conditions, but there are
•bort periods when there is just the
imount of moisture in the soil that
makes it so compact as to be a flrm
road. For many years rural roadmak­
ing has been some process of getting
more soil into the road and the stones
»ut. I can remember how under the
(upervision of the “path master” we
used to work out the road tax by
drawing soil in the road with a team
and scrai>er and afterward throwing
the stones from the roadbed into the
litch. The next year, after the soil
had been flattened out by travel, the
mme soil was scraped Into the center
if the road again and the same stones
thrown out. The last few years this
work has been more cheaply or easily
lone with the road worker. This plan
if roadmaking may give a fairly good
rountry road, where heavy loads are
leldom drawn, for two or three months
In summer, but for the greater part of
the year there is no flrm, smooth road­
bed, but mud, ruts and dust, says W.
H. Jenkins of Sidney Center, N. Y.,
Ln Hoard’s Dairyman. For the same
reason that we need better school­
houses and rural schools we need
better country roads. Instituting stone
»r macadamized roads in agricultural
localities is a most wise and farseeing
policy, for it hastens the time of bet­
ter agriculture and civilization and
adds to the value of real estate.
Man always finds nature has antici­
pated his needs and is only waiting
tor him to work up to a point where
he can use what she provides. He
must learn to make his roads from the
rock before the glacier has ground
them into soil, not afterward. For
many years in many sections the agri­
culturists have not known how to get
rid of the stones on their fields or what
use to make of outcropping ledges of
rock that could be quarried. Now the
modern machinery for making macad­
amized roads and the need of them
»nd learning the uses of concrete will
make these among their most valuable
assets on the farm. As I am able to
SEAWEED AS A .FERTILIZER.
j its
Value
*
to
Coast Farmers
creasing.
le
In-
Seaweed is a valuable fertilizer. Tt^e
Irish peasant a prefer it to manure,
and the farmers of the Orkney islands
formerly let farmyard manure accu­
mulate unused on account of its infe­
riority to seaweed as a fertilizer.
The seaweed that is brought ashore
or drifts there is dried and burned,
•nd the ashes are spread over the
, land. The ashes contain a good pro­
portion of potash and phosphates, and
some kinds of weed also yield ni-
; tratea. These three substances are the
life of vegetation, and for this reason
the ashes of seaweed are an ideal ftxxJ
for crops.
Rome years ago a French sea cap
tain attempted to organize a company
to send ships to the Hargasso sea,
where they could easily collect big
cargoes of drift weed and bring it to
France to be burned for the fertiliz­
ing ashes. Capitalists told him, how
ever, that they did not think it would
pay to carry the weed so far, and the
money was not raised.
It is asserted by some authorities
that the great deposits of nitrate of
soda which are sent from Chile to all
parts of Europe and the United States
to be spread over the farm lands were
formed by the decay of huge masses
of seaweed when the land was sunk
under the sea. Undecomposed parts of
seaweed, it is said, are still found
there.
The attention of the Cape Colony
government was recently called to the
fact that very large quantities of sea­
weed are constantly being washed
ashore along the northwest coast, and
at last accounts the government had
sent for samples of the weed to deter­
mine its value as a fertilizer.
Sir Humphry Davy was one of the
first to recommend seaweed as a fer­
tilizer about a century ago. For gen­
erations the Inhabitants of the Chan­
nel islands have gained a fair living
by collecting and burning the weed
and selling the ashes as manure.
These ashes are also largely used in
the British isles and along the Nor­
wegian and French coasts.
The publications of the United
States agricultural department say
that the use of seaweed as a fertilizer
Is Increasing in this country, that for
long stretches of the New England
coast the weed Is utilized by the farm­
ers for fifteen to twenty miles inland
and that It Is especially favored for
the stimulation of clover fields. Rye
beach Is almost always strewn with
the weed, and few lands ever show so
luxuriant growth of red clover as
those in the neighborhood of this
beach
The seaweed thrown up on th*
shores In the neighborhood of Cape
Town has long been regarded as an
expensive nuisance. The city govern­
ment has for years been paying team­
sters to collect the stuff, haul It away
and bury it. The amount of weed thus
disposed of has been about l.fiOO tons
a year.
The city authorities have now seen
a new light and are spreading the
news among the farmers that the
weed Is a very valuable fertilizer.
•ee it, the building of state roads by
state funds does not best solve the
problem of good roads for the farmer,
but by the farmers co-operating with
the state.
The local Interest and effort are need­
ed. Then they will get better roads at
less coat. In mauy sections farmers
are complaining about |>oor state
roads. In one road district In New
York two miles of macadamized road
were built at a cost of $1,300 per mile.
One half of this amount was subscrib­
ed by the people living in the road dis­
trict, and the state paid the other half.
This road was built under the super­
vision of the town road commissioner,
and the steam road crusher and other
machinery owned by the town were
used. No large profit was paid to a
contractor. Nothing was paid for ma­
terial. The only cost of the road was
the cost of labor. I would call atten­
tion to the fact that the process of
iclentific road building as it was done
In this Instance is the reverse of that
so long practiced by farmers. The soil
they try to keep In the road is first
all removed down to the bedrock or
gravel, and when the grading Is done
the understratum of the roadbed is
made of the common field stones one
or two feet thick. Next quarry stone
or refuse from the quarry is broken
to make a layer several inches thick,
then finished with a layer of hard
crushed stone from the stone crusher
and rolled with the steam roller.
I drove over this two years from the
time it was built and can say it was-ln
better conditon than some state roads
I have seen built at the same time. I
have taken pains to talk with people
living on this road and find them en­
tirely satisfied with their Investment
and planning to build more of this road.
I think on one mile of this road four
farmers live on the average. The road
cost them $<KW ;>er mile, or about $163
each. The Interest on the Investment
is less than $10. and I think all can
see that no farmer can make a better
Investment, nere they have a road­
bed that will last for many years, and
the yearly road tax will keep It tn
repair. Farms have been cleaned of
•tone in providing material, work was
provided for home labor, a road has
been made In the right way, according
to the principles of good road bond­
! Miss Markland’s Method. 2
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Concrete Watering Places.
OLD ROADMAN INO METHOD RESULTS IN
BimKK A MUD OB DUST ROADBED.
>•••••••••••••••••••*••••£
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It Is the opinion of a correspondent
of the Country Gentleman that there
Is an excellent chance to combine
utility nnd benuty In the erection of
attractive and permanent watering
places In village streets and along
country roads. The old moss covered
tub, half buried In a bank of ferns
and wild flowers, presents a pic­
turesque appearance no doubt, but in
a short time the hoops of the tub
UTILITY AND BEAUTY COMBINED
[Copyright. 130». by Anwrtcan Press Asao-
ciatlon.J
Miss Marklaud never ran up against
•tune walls, ‘if she wished to go
where the path was difficult she
smiled, and, presto, there were flowers
for her tu step on. If it was neces­
sary to plan she could plan admirably.
Indeed, she was very resourceful.
Miss Marklaud was looking for a
husband. Nut that she was devoid
of offers. Indeed, her main business in
life seemed to be to avoid proposals.
She felt that it was time for her to
marry, and she had not met the man
she wanted. She scouted those she
had been brought up with. Moat girls
do. Rhe went abroad and met many
foreigners, none of whom appealed to
her. At last in France she found the
man she wanted in an American, a
little pale faced, spectacled, red headed
creature entirely unlike the host of
suitors she had declined.
Professor Mikleman was an ar­
chaeologist. It may be thought that
Miss Markland wanted him on account
of the Ideality of the work that ab­
sorbed him. Not at all. Rhe was not
ideal or Intellectual and considered
the professor a mere digger. The rea­
son she coveted him was because she
had no attraction for him, while a hip
bone 2,000 years old, a piece of broken
pottery, a coin so worn that only the
nose of some dead barbarian king
could be discovered on IL were enough
to make him dance in wild delight.
Miss Markland, tactful, sympathetic,
ingenious, instead of quarreling with
Professor Mikleman liecause he pre­
ferred these things to her, resolved to
win him through her successful rivals.
Professor Mlkieman's work at the
time was hunting for a town of the
ancient Gauls, Nelodunum, In what
had been the province of the Senones.
It was but a short distance from Par­
is, which city the professor made his
headquarters. Miss Markland mani­
fested an Interest in the work and
formed a party to visit it. She found
the professor bossing a gang of men
who were making holes In the ground
at points designated by their employ­
er, who spent his leisure time study­
ing maps, books in the 1-atln lan­
guage and copious memoranda. Though
the digging had gone on a month,
nothing had been found but the Jaw­
bone of a woman, which the professor
pronounced Gallic.
The professor was getting discour­
aged. Miss Markland sympathized
with him. She asked him what kind
of things he hoped to find. He told
her that the Romans had campaigned
in the province and it had become
Roman. He therefore looked for Ro­
man articles, such as armor, weapons,
pottery, coins. That was all Miss
Markland wanted to know.
The party, all except Professor Mi­
kleman, returned to Paris. Miss Mark-
land wrote the professor encouraging
him to dig on. Rhe knew he was brave
and would not give up. He did give up
and came back to Paris. Miss Mark-
land Induced him to revise bls' work
pertaining to the location of Nelodu-
«um. He consented and spent, a month
In the Paris libraries. He found a
new record Indicating that the town
lay several hundred yards from where
he had been digging. He was about
to hurry again to bis work when
Miss Markland persuaded him to guide
a party to some of his other excava­
tions. He consented.
The day before the departure Miss
Markland received several boxes by
express. Their arrival was announced
to her.when Professor Mikleman was
with her. He looked curious, where­
upon she told him they contained
tombstones that she bad ordered for
her family lot in a cemetery in Amer­
ica.
On the return to Paris after a ten
days’ absence examining Professor
Mikleman’« excavations he announced
that he was going to dig for Nelodu­
num on the new site. Miss Markland
persuaded him to consult with other
eminent excavators, and this further
delayed him. When he was ready to
proceed Miss Markland Induced her
brother, who was a graduate of an
Amerlcau university and a great schol­
ar, to take an Interest In the matter,
and the two went with the professor
to the spot to be excavated. He or­
dered several holes dug when Mis«
Markland suggested digging on a spot
near where some one had driven in a
peg. The professor did not notice the
peg, for Miss Markland was standing
on it. The workmen went down six
feet and brought up a Roman helmet,
a piece of broken statuary and half •
dozen arrows In quick succession.
The professor was much excited.
A number of coins, .mostly Roman;
rd earthen pitcher, a greave and a Ro­
man short sword catne next.
The professor was in ecstasies.
The next article was evidently quite
large, for the workmen were obliged
to dig about it. Finally they got It
out. When the professor saw It he
danced about, crying, “The bead of a
rami” and, not knowing whnt he did,
threw bls arms about Miss Markland’s
neck. It was some time before she
could quiet him sufficiently for him to
explain that the ram's head was a
Roman weapon for battering walls.
Well, Professor Mikleman. though
he found articles only within a limited
region, became famous for correcting
noted excavators as to the location of
Nelodunum. He attributed hla auccese
to Mlsa Markland and told her he
could not possibly live without her.
Shortly before the wedding Miss
Markland paid two bills-one to Gio­
vanni Cultiiuarl. a relic dealer, far
four boxes of relics, the other to Jeaa
Gautier, contractor, for burying the
give way, the staves fall in, and a
long interval may elapse before the
watering place Is In commission.
The first requisite is, of course, a
supply of running water. Then a
substantial stone foundation should
be laid below the frost line -an Iron
snpply |>I| m > ns well as a waste pipe
living brought up through this foun­
dation. On this foundation can be
erect »si as simple or as elaborate a
design as one may desire. A mold of
rough Imards can easily be set up for
any rectangular shape, the boards be­
ing held In place by crosswise strips
ing. *nd the benefits that follow am nailed to the upper edges. The boards
can be raised as the work goes on.
boyond sndnMtloa.
articles.
BAL L1K MENDUM.
IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF
THE STATE OF OREGON.
IN AND FOR THE
COUNTY OF COOS
4
I
'S ■
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Geo. I’. Topping,
1 ’Utt Ut id,
VS..
D E. Mills,
Defendant
ACT IO*N AT LAW
To D. E. Mills the above named
defendant -
IN THE NAME OF THE STATE
OF OREGON:
You are hereby required to ap­
pear and answer the complaint filed
against you in the above entitled
action on or before the last day of
the time prescribed in the order for
the publication of this summons,
which prescribed time is six (6 )
weeks, the last day of which time
will be Thursday, the 4th day ol
March 1909.
And if you fail to so appear and
answer said complaint by the said
time, the plaintiff will apply to the
Court for a judgement against
_
you
for the sum of $100 as set up in
plaintiff’s said cdniplaint together
with the costs, and disbursements
of this action, and for an ordei of
said Court for a disposition of the
money or sale of property attached
in this action.
This summons is published in the
Bandon R ecorder , a weekly
newspaper published in Coos County
Oregon, for six consecutive weeks,
beginning January 21st 1909, and
ending March 4, 1909, by order of
publication made by the Hon. John
F. Hall, County Judge of Coos
County, at Chambers m Coquille,
Oregon on the 28 day of December,
1908.
G eo . P. T opping ,
Attorney for Plaintiff.
- ■
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