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About Spilyay tymoo. (Warm Springs, Or.) 1976-current | View Entire Issue (Sept. 7, 1990)
Warm Springs, Oregon September 7, 1990 PAGE 7 .earning geography at home can be fun iPILYAY TYMOO If you have a child under ten :ars of age, this is a great time for im or her to discover the wonders f geography. This doesn't mean tting down with a stack of books nd memorizing place names and ational capitals. For young child :n. learning geography can mean iking a trip to the beach or liven ig up a car trip by playing a license late game. You can give your child a head tart on learning geography by :nding for and using the Dcpart lent of Education's new publica on, Helping Your Child Learn ieography (Item 466W, 50c). The ull-color, illustrated booklet is esigncd to help kindle enthusiasm or the relationships between peo ple and places, the geographical nd cultural differences that make ach place special, and for just nowing where things are. It comes fith a fold-out map of the United itates. You can get a copy of Help ng Your Child Learn Geography y sending your name, address, nd fifty cents to Consumer In ormation Center, Department 66W, Pueblo, Colorado 81009. Learning about geography and tow it affects our lives starts when :hildren are learning to talk. Make ure your child has a good under Fit childrens' shoes With a new school year just beginning, new shoes probably head the list of your children's wardrobe needs. When it comes to your children's feet, the focus must be on new shoes that fit. Young feet grow rapidly and do not complete their development until age 18. During these various changes, feet need shoes that meet their needs; shoes should not change the feet. Many adult foot problems can be traced to improp erly fitted shoes when young. Their shoes forced the feet out of shape when they were developing, ex plains Ardis Koester, OSU Exten sion textiles and clothing specialist. You can reduce home poisoning risks To reduce the risk of poisoning: 1. Keep household products and medicines out of reach and out of sight of children, preferably in a locked cabinet or closet. Even if vou must leave the room for only an instant, remove the container to a safe spot. 2. Store medicines separately Use lean cuts Some of the leanest cuts of beef are select-grade round tip, eye of round, top round, top loin, tender loin, and sirloin. A well-trimmed three-ounce serving (after cooking) of any of these cuts has fewer than 180 calories and less than 8 grams of fat-and derives just 30 to 40 of its calories from fat. Bike riding safety tips offered Tips for safe bicycling with children aboard include: 1. Helmets that have been ap proved by either the Snell Memo rial Foundation or the American National Standards Institute should be used for both driver and passenger, regardless of age. Check the inside of the helmet for these organization's seals. 2. Children under the age of one and children over 40 pounds should not be allowed to ride in bicycle carriers. 3. Adults with child passengers should not ride at night nor in high Horse digestive system To buy good hay for meeting a horse's nutritional needs, it is necessary to understand something about the horse's digestive system. The digestive system is composed of a single, small capacity (2-4 gallon) stomach; the small intes tine (the main site of absorption for carbohydrates, proteins, and fats); and the large intestine, which in cludes the cecum and the large and small colon. Because of the small capacity of the stomach and the lack of a ruminant digestive system, good quality hay is important. The nutritional requirements of horses performing medium to heavy work cannot be satisfied by forage alone. However, roughage is essential for proper digestive function. Horses are simple-stomach her bivores. The cecum and colon of the large intestine contain a micro bial population that helps to digest fiber. The cecum, however, is located behind the small intestine, the main protein absorption site. The resulting nitrogen deficiency limits the microbial activity in the hind gut. Thus, horses cannot standing ot positional words, like "above.", "below," "right." and "left." You can do this simply by saying the words when you talk to the child or give directions. For example, you might say "Please put the pan on the left side of the shelf below the sink." Using your house as a center point, show your child which direc tions are north, south, east and west. If you can see the sun rising or setting from a window, this will help. Make sure your child knows the direction he looks to see the sun rise is east. You can play games to reinforce this knowledge. Once your child can identify directions, hide a toy or a treat and give direc tions to find it. You might say "Take five steps to the north, then fifteen steps to the east, and then look on the south side of the oak tree." Integrate different words and skills into the games you play, and make sure they are challenging enough to keep your child's inter est. Children can also learn to read maps. This way they can learn where relatives live and why it takes so long to get there. They might learn why they attend a cer tain school by looking at a map of a Although last year's school shoes look good, they probably won't fit their owner's feet this year. And they should not be passed on to someone else. Hand-me-down shoes have been shaped to the first child's foot and will damage the next child's foot. Most children outgrow their shoes before they wear them out. A child's foot can grow as much as three sizes in just a few months. However, from the time they begin to walk, children need sturdy, supportive shoes that fit properly. The most important considera tion in selecting shoes is fit. Always take your children with you when buying shoes. Have both feet of each child maeasured every time. from other household products and keep these items in their origi nal containers never in cups or soft-drink bottles. 3. Be sure that all products ere properly labeled, and read the label before using. 4. Always turn the light on when giving or taking medicine. 5. Since children tend to imitate adults avoid taking medications in their presence. Avoid drinking medicine from the bottle. 6. Refer to medicines by their proper names. They are not can dies. 7. Clean out your medicine cabinet periodically. Get rid of old medicines by flushing them down the drain, rinsing the container in water, and then discarding it. 8. Ask for and use household substances which are available in traffic areas. 4. Only adults who are highly skilled riders should carry a child passenger. 5. Rear-mounted seats should have high backs, spoke guards, safety belts and padding. The child should be securely buckled in at all times. 6. A child should never be left unattended in a bicycle seat - not even for one moment. 7. The child should be properly dressed; avoiding clothing or ac cessories that can get caught in the spokes. digest liber as well as cattle can. Not only does the horse have a small-capacity stomach, but feed moves quite rapidly through the horse's digestive system. Most Cecum Dla'lli.-r Spleen The digestive system of the horse. v HW - A co,on i 1 1 ) I Smalt Intestine I l community. If you're going on a trip, show your child the route you'll take to get there. Pick out license plates from different states, and use a map to show your child where those cars are from. Learn ing geography can be lots of fun! Children can even make their own maps-whether it be of the layout of their bedroom, the road from home to school, or even of a place described in a book. Some books, such as Winnic-the-Pooh, have maps that make wonderful models. When children understand geo graphical features on maps, they can learn how lakes, oceans, hills and mountains affect the weather. Maybe the cold wind that causes them to need a coat comes in from across a lake. Helping Your Child Learn Geography has directions for making a simple weather vane so your child can see where the . wind blows in your neighborhood. Let your artistic talents Decorating everything from T shirts to tennis shoes has become very popular. There are a number of items on the market to assist you properly Be sure to have the child stand up in the shoe. Press the end of the shoe with your thumb. There should be one-half to three-quarters of an inch between the child's longest toe and theend of the shoe. Examine current shoes for evi dence of wear, and look at your children's feet when they first re move their shoes and socks. Pink or red spots may mean that the shoes are narrow, too tight, or too short. Careful fit, good design, and quality workmanship are features you should consider when selecting and buying shoes for children. It pays to buy the best shoes you can afford for your children. child resistant packaging. Insist on safety packaging for prescription medicines. Resecure safety feature carefully after using. Safety pack aging gives extra protection to your children. Do you really A popular appliance on today's market is the portable, motor driven food processor that will slice, shred, chop, knead, mix, grate and crumb recipe ingredients. There are about a dozen American and imported models on the mar ket, with prices ranging from $50 to more than $250. Thanks to advertising, most everyone knows something about food processors, at least enough to wish there was one in the kitchen at home. But the question is, do you need one? If so, how do you make a selection? Ask yourself these questions: Do you normally prepare food where a food processor would Freezing saves time, effort, nutrition values, space WHY FREEZE? Freezing is the simplest and less time consuming of all the food preserving alterna tives, plus the quality of food is most like fresh - retaining the natural flavors. But, along with all food preserving, proper care and packaging are important factors when freezing foods. How you explained feeds pass from the mouth to the cecum within I hour. Therefore, if a feed is not readily digestible, the horse will not obtain enough nutri ents. Trachea Esophagus .- I Stornach I -F'VaS I People of other regions may dress or build their houses differ ently from you. They may eat dif ferent food because their land and weather may be different. They may even speak a different lan guage. You can fill out your child's knowledge of different cultures with pictures and books. Helping Your Child Learn Geography has a terrific resource list to help you get free or inexpensive maps, maga zines, books, and even pen pals that can broaden your child's knowledge of the world. When you send for your copy of Helping Your Child Learn Geo graphy (Item 466W, 50e). youH also get a free copy of the Consu mer Information Catalog. Pub lished quarterly by the Consumer Information Center of the General Services Administration, the Cata log lists about 200 free and low cost federal publications on a wide variety of subjects. with your creativity. Stencil paint is available along with a variety of stencil patterns, or you can cut your own designs. The designs can be painted using solid colors or shaded with one or more colors. Slick paints are available in bottles with a writing tip. These paints can be applied directly to fabric and dry to a shiny surface in about 4 to 6 hours. Puffy paints are painted on with a brush. They are applied flat, and when heat is applied they puff to form a raised design. Thin layers are safe for washing, but heavy layers of the puff paint are not usually washed successfully. Glitter paints are paints with pieces of glitter in them. They come in tubes or bottles. They dry in about 4 hours and have a sparkly Watch calories In popcorn Popcorn labled "air-popped" isn't necessarily low in fat. One "air-popped" brand (bachmans) actually derives more than half its calories from corn oil. Some other brands contain cheese and are even higher in fat. Plain unbuttered, air popped popcorn has just 30 calo ries per cup and almost no fat. need one? be helpful? What tasks will the food processor perform that other ap pliances you already have will not? Is there a convenient space in the kitchen to store and use the food processor? Who will use the food proc essor? Does that person have the time and inclination to learn how to use a new appliance? Will buying a food processor make the best use of your money at this time? Only you can determine whether a food processor is a wise invest ment. For more information con tact the Extension office. handle your preparation ot foods determines the quality and safetv of food items. TO FREEZE FISH: First re move guts and thoroughly clean fish as soon as possible. It is better to freeze cleaned fish; you may freeze winter caught fish whole, just as soon as they come out of the water. Basically, there are several tech niques you could use when prepar ing your fish for the freezer. One way is to cut fish into fillets or steaks. Individually pre-wrap (double thickness preferred) each piece in cling wrap, forming at tight skin on the product. Then place individual wrapped items together into a larger master bag. A master bag could be a strong polyethlene freezing bag, foil or freezing paper. Never place more than 4 pounds of fish per master bag. Wrapping individual fish pieces minimizes the amount of air in the packaging. This will decrease the oxidation process (oxidation caus es undesirable flavor and color changes in seafood) and allows for pieces to be thawed separately and more quickly. For freezing fish whole, the best way is to freeze them immediately wrapped in a large plastic bag. As soon as fish are frozen, dip them in water to form a protective "glaze." The fish can then be rebagged and placed back in the freezer. This"glaing"in water will put a protective coat on the fish, decreasing the oxidation process. Glazing should be repeated every 5 . to 6 weeks. Another technique for small fish Leaders Subject matter skills help young people do a better job with a pro duct through the application of knowledge and information. A balance of subject matter and life skills is essential to an individ ual's total growth. The key to the success of 4-H is volunteer leaders. It is impera tive that expanded roles of volun teers and paraprofessional staff, and the functions and the respon sibilities of the professional staff, be clearly defined. shine through clothing surface. These glitter paints are excellent for highlighting accents and designing on dark-colored items. Spatter paints are available in special bottles that use a spray action to spatter the paint over the fabric being painted. Iron-on apliqucs are available in a variety of designs. There are usually 4 to 6 designs in a strip, and they can be used together or cut apart and used individually or in groups. When they are ironed on, the backing comes off and a velvety surfaced design is left. There are a variety of set-on jewels and nail-heads available also. They require a special tool for application in some cases. In other cases the decorations can be glued on or applied carefully by hand. Some are designed to be applied by Parental love means setting reasonable limits from a loving parent Someday when my children are old enough to understand the logic that motivates a mother, I will tell them: I loved you enough to ask where you were going, with whom and what time you would be home. I loved you enough to insist buy a bike for yourself even one for you. I loved you enough to be silent and let you discover that your new best friend was a I loved you enough to make the drugstore (with a bite out this yesterday and want to pay for it. loved you enough to stand you cleaned your room, a job minutes. loved you enough to let you and tears in my eyes. Children aren't perfect. loved you enough to let you your actions even wnen xne - . . 1 II almost broke my heart. But most of all, I loved you enough to say NO when I knew: you would hate me for it. Those were the most difficult; battles of all. I'm glad I won them, because in the end you' won something, too. is to place fish in a container (can or carton) and fill with water. If fish is not tightly packed in con tainer, after fish is frozen, add ice cold water. The disadvantage to this method is a longer required time to thaw the entire package to get a portion of the fish. The key factor for freezing fish is to exclude as much air as possible from the package. STORING FISH: After the fish is properly wrapped, place the fish in direct contact with freezer floor or walls. This will allow for the fastest freeze. If packages take longer than 5-6 hours to freeze, they are to large. Packages should be stored at 0 Fahrenheit or -18 Celsius or colder. Do not allow temperatures to fluctuate. Therefore, keep fish as far away from the door as possible. STORAGE TIME FOR FISH: Lean fish (cod, flounder, had dock, sole) may be stored in the freezer for 6 months. Fatty fish (bluefish, perch, mackerel and salmon) has a storage life of 3 to 4 months. Keep in mind that a home freez er is designed for storage, not rapid freezing. Rule of thumb - home freezers can properly freeze about 1-2 pounds per cubic foot in 24 hours. Therefore, do not over load the freezer. Also, do not pack in tightly unfrozen fish. Over packing and packing too tightly can reduce quality and freezing rate. Date all frozen items. A good practice is "the first in-firsl out." THAWING FISH: Proper thaw ing is just as important as proper freezing. The quicker the product Information Provided By: OSU Warm Springs Extension 1134 Palute Street PO Box 430 Warm Springs, OR 97761 (503) 553-32383239 essential More specifically, the agent is responsible to assist adults and parents to support the local 4-H group by: 1. Creating awareness of 4-11 and recruiting volunteers and youth to participate; 2. Supporting volunteers in be ing effective in helping youth grow and develop; and 3. Helping to design 4-H activi ties and experiences supportive to local 4-H groups. ironing. Almost all of these creative trms can be washed using ordinary methods. In some cases it is recommended that the decorated' item be turned wrong-side-out when it is being washed and dried. The paints are generally acrylic and are permanent after they dry. . It is recommended that all fabric items being decorated be pre washed to remove any sizing in the fabric. Sizing can prevent the paints from being properly ab sorbed into the fabric. When applying the paints allow one color to dry before applying the next color. Place cardboard, foil, or wax paper between fabric layers to keep the paint from soaking through the other side of the garment. Allow the painted item to dry flat so the paints will not run. that you save your money and though we could afford to buy creep. you take a Milky Way back to of it) and tell the clerk, I stole over you for two hours while that would have taken me 15 ' see anger, disappointment must learn that their parents' assume the responsibility for? penames were so narsn iney I A ' .. I A I ' ; is thawed the better. DO NOT THAW IN HOT WATER!! Thaw ing can be done in the refrigerator-i-but will take a longer period of time. The best way is to place water-tight wrapped fish in cold running water. If properly wrap ped the fish should be water tight. (When thawing large fish, surface spoilage can take place quickly when thawing at room tempera ture or in warm water). i Individual fillets and steaks can be thawed at room temperature, then in the refrigerator if they need to be held a few hours before cooking. ; Fish-Vegetable Bake (Microwave method) 12 oz. Oregon cod, pollock or salmon Salt & pepper to taste V cup frozen chopped onion 1 to 2 tbsp. butter or margarine 1 package (10 oz.) or about 2 cups favorite frozen vegetable mix 1 tsp. Dijon mustard V tsp. tarragon, crushed 1 tbsp. chopped parsley (optional) Cut fish into serving-sized piec es; season with salt and pepper arid set aside. Microcook onion and butter in 2-quart microwave-safe dish at HIGH (I009H 2 to:3 minutes or until onion is tender. Stir in frozen vegetables, mustard and tarragon; mix well. Place fish on vegetables; cover with waxed paper. Microcook at HIGH 7 to 10 minutes or until fish flakes when tested with fork at thickest part. Sprinkle with parsley. Makes 2 to 3 servings. "