Image provided by: The Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs; Warm Springs, OR
About Spilyay tymoo. (Warm Springs, Or.) 1976-current | View Entire Issue (July 17, 1987)
SpilyayTymoo WarmSprincs.Orf.con n. i7 pack 5 FCL applications available from Extension Applications for a leadership course with emphasis on public policy are available at the warm Springs Extension office. Six participants from Central Oregon will be selected to be part of eighty Oregon participants at the Oregon Extension Family Com munity Leadership Training Insti tute. The training is open to anyone regardless of age, sex, race, or reli gion. Focus ot the leadership train ing and the goal of the program are to prepare Oregon citizens to be involved and effective in solving community problems. Participants in 'he program need no experience but should be inter ested in community involvement. They will be asked to pledge two days per month for one year to work on local activities of the Fam ily Community Leadership program. Three-year-olds a relief after dealing with twos Participants who complete 30 hours of instruction and 20 hours of teaching will be certified as FCL trainers. The participants will hear state and local speakers and work with elected officials from around the state. In small group exercises, they will "learn by doing" how to form a grassroots organization and how to make presentations to deci sion makers. "Conference participants will have an opportunity to work in a mock neighborhood setting and solve a community problem.' The Institute will be held at Menucha Conference and Retreat Center. Corbett, Oregon October 13-15, 1987. There will be a $25.00 registration fee (plus transporta tion costs), but meals and lodging are covered by a grant from the Kellogg Foundation. Family Community Leadership is jointly sponsored by the Oregon State University Extension Service and Oregon Extension Homemak ers Council. For information call: 553-1 161, ext. 238 or 239. A Tht Warm Springs Enttmlon Strvlca provldts tqual acctss to all Hi activltitt and programs. OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY (TENSION SGRV.Ce Eralna Palmer Secretary Jonl David Program Aide Arltnt Bolltau Extension Intern Molllt Marsh Extension Agent Clay Penhollow Extension Agent You'll discover three-year-olds ire a calm, cooperative relief after coping with two-year-olds. Around the third birthday, activity is more balanced and smooth. But by VA children again turn non-conformist and become very strong-willed. A strong inner drive prompts their occupation with gaining a sense of control of who they are and what they can do and direct. It is appropriate that they make some decisions for themselves, but your patience and understanding will be challenged as you help them under stand the necessity for family rou tines and rules. Physically, three-year-olds have increased running, jumping, and climbing skills. Improved muscu lar control allows them to balance on narrow surfaces, use alternate feet for going up and down stairs, and manage small objects like but tons, snaps and zippers. Some become picky eaters and all openly assert their likes and dislikes in food. Parents worry about decreased appetites but three-year-olds usu ally need less food as their growth rate slows. Socially, three-year-olds are becom ing more conscious of other peo ple. They want to be with other children and show an increased desire to please others most of the time. You'll enjoy their willingness to cooperate with you. While play ing with others has growing impor tance, three-year-olds have much to learn about cooperative play. They are beginning to share but still push, shove, or hit to get what they want. Their social problems stem from their natural self-centered-ness and desire to call attention to themselves. "Look at me! I can ride the trike better than Billy!" is a bid for superiority. Help them feel good about themselves and reduce com petitiveness with simple responses like, "You are a real whiz when it comes to riding a trike." Three-year-olds rapidly progress intellectually. Experimenting with vocabulary building means they pay more attention to words and how to make sentences. Have their hearing checked to insure that words are heard and spoken correctly. They enjoy chatting with adults and asking many questions to satisfy their curiosity. Keep your answers simple preschoolers aren't concerned about scientificexpla nations. Three-year-olds are learning to connect ideas and objects. Numbers and counting, naming objects, colors, different shapes, animals, and peo ple are now firmly learned. They like sorting objects according to size, shape, and color. When you look at magazines or books, point out houses, barns, nests, or stores. They like to look for happy or angry people, funny people or ani mals, dads, moms, babies, or boy and girls. Three-year-olds carefully observe Increase food shelf life with proper storage A refrigerator can be lull of sur prises. Wilted lettuce, dried out cheese, apples which have lost their crispness, and other similar "sur prises" inhabit the very best refrig erators. All are victims of poor food storage, and they represent thousands of dollars which con sumers unknowlingly throw away each year. Cash in on proper food storage by giving groceries a little extra care when you bring them home from the supermarket. You'll save money, and the food you buy will stay fresh longer, retain more nutri tional value and remain safe to eat. Proper food storage really beg ins at the supermarket because the way we shop can affect food qual ity. Many shoppers remember to put fragile fruits and vegetables on top of sturdier items in the grocery cart, but let the ice cream melt while they wait in line at the bake shope or deli. A better solution would be to put frozen and refrig- bc as snort as possible. When refrige rated foods sit in the car for any length of time, they lose quality and spoilage can begin. So, it's a good idea to stop at the post office and library before doing the groc ery shopping. At home, "think cold." Frozen and refrigerated foods require the most care and should be put away first. Dairy products, meat, poul try, fish, most fresh vegetables and fruits, eggs, and baked goods filled with custard or whipped cream are just a few of the many grocery items which need to be refrigerated promptly. Some foods require special han dling. By taking care of these foods before you tuck them away in the refrigerator, youll end up saving time as well as money. Iceberg let tuce, for example, keeps better if you remove the core and store the on the other hand, can be stored for a month or more in the refrig erator. Most fresh meats will keep several days. Poultry, fish and ground meats, however, should be used within one or two days. For longer storage, it's safer to freeze these items. Storing refrigerated foods prop erly and for the recommended time period may not be enough, espe cially if your refrigerator is too warm. So, it's a good idea to check the temperature occasionally. Hard ware stores carry thermometers just for this purpose, and they can be left on a shelf inside the referigcra tor. The thermometer should always register 34 to 40 degrees F. (I to 5 degrees C). If your refrigerator is warmer than 40 degrees F., you need to adjust the temperature con trol dial to a colder setting. During the summer, it's a good idea to keep the refrigerator a little colder than usual. This is the time of the year when family members make frequent trips in and out of the refrigerator, and many meals are eaten outdoors. We remember to protect foods when we picnic away from home, but tend to forget that refrigerated foods require spe cial care when toted only as far away as the backyard. You can be sure these foods will be as safe to eat as they are delicious by taking a few simple precautions. For back yard barbecues, leave meat, poul try and fish in the refrigerator until the coals are ready. Then, grill just what you think you'll need and serve promptly. Wait to bring out salads and other cold accompani ments until you're ready to begin serving. hpaA in an nirfioht nnnfa'tnr rr reseaiabie piastk bag Fresh meat. Gardens require moisture control noullrv and fish which are not nre. ' wi activities in the home and on televi- erated foods in the cart last, partic ston. Imitation is the source of ularlyifyou have a lot of shopping active pretending during play. They to do. You also can ask the person spend weeks as Superman or straw- baggingyourgroceriestoputrefrige- berry shortcake. Grown-up tasks rated and frozen foods in the same are part of play, too, so capitalize bag. These items stay colder during on their willingness to help with the trip home, and puttng the groc- doing dishes, making beds, folding cries away becomes less of a chore, clothes, cooking, and sweeping the The trip between the checkout floor. counter and your kitchen needs to poultry and fish which are not pre packaged need to be rewrappred and stored in thecoldest part of the refrigerator or freezer. Storage items still vary even when groceries are carefully wrapped and refrigerated promptly. Berries and other fragile fruits, for example, have the best flavor and texture when eaten within a few days of purchase. Apples and citrus fruits. Write down credit purchases When your end-of-month credit card statement arrives, do you open the envelope only to experience shock while reading the current balance due?. ,,, Such shock occurs whn, consu mers forget about some of the credit card purcnases they've made during the month. The purchases consumers most frequently forget are mail and phone orders charged to the credit statement until more than a month or two after they are made. Explore alternatives for elder care "Your mother can no longer live alone" the doctor says. Most of us aren't ready to hear that statement, and have avoided planning for it. A rash reaction often follows. You rush home and tell your hus band you must quit your job to care full time for your ailing mother. This is the typical response of an adult daughter suddenly faced with the responsibility of "parent-caring." But it is not always the best response. There are many problems with an impulsive decision. Alternatives have not been explored, other fam ily members were not consulted, and most importantly, the aging parent probably was not included in the decision-making process. Such hasty decisions usually are unwise, bring stress and heartache, and can be damaging to family relationships. Of course, different degrees of parental dependency require dif ferent degrees of assistance. But in any situation, there are several fac tors to consider when an aging par ent needs help. First, it is important to assess your own abilities and limitations in being able to help. For example, you might ask yourself. "Can mother and I really live happily in the same house?" Think about what you are willing and able to give. Then, consider the impact the commitment will have on your own family. It's important to talk with your spouse and children about your feelings, concerns, and respon sibilities for your aging parent. You need their support. Another important step is to listen to your aging parent and observe carefully so you can decide together what the needs really are. All too often aging parents don't communicate their needs for fear of losing independence or of becom ing a burden. On the other hand, one of the easiest mistakes that adult children make is to overreact. Taking too much responsiblity for an aging parent robs him or her of that important feeling of independence. Also, be sure to involve your brothers and sisters, if any, in the decision-making process, even if they live far away. Sharing respon sibility with them can prevent over load for you and possible future undermining of the present decision. Once a plan is determined and set into action it's important to evaluate its effectiveness. Is it meet ing the needs it was intended to meet? How are you being affected? Is your aging parent happy? Plans may need to be revised. It's a mistake to think that mak ing a decision is a one-time task. Your needs and abilities, and those or your parents may change. There may be further declines or perhaps a recovery from an illness. Of course, the main message in all of this is to be prepared. One of the most common errors that adult children and aging parents make is not looking ahead to times when parents may need assistance. It's a good idea to talk with one another about possible plans and desires for help before the need exists. For more information see the Extension publication, "Aging Parents: Helping When Health Fails,"PNW246. Copies are avail able at the Warm Springs Exten sion Office. Not knowing the total amount of your credit card purchases can cause mental stress and additional interest charges if the balance can not be paid in full. Avoid credit card statement sur prises by devising a system for keeping track of credit card purchases. For example, try keeping a credit card purchase ledger, much like your checkbook ledger. In this ledger record all purchases and payments to your credit card account. Small ledgers, close to the size of a credit card, are available at retail stores. Carry this ledger with your credit card. Each time a purchase is charged, record and add it to the total balance due. Likewise, each time you make a payment to your charge account, record and sub tract it from the balance due. Even if a credit purchase has not yet appeared on your statement, the ledger record will remind you of a purchase. Your statement will hold no surprises. The ledger, along with the credit purchase receipts, allow you to check your monthly statement. If you find a billing error notify the creditor in writing within 60 days. The procedure for notifying the creditor of an error appears on the monthly billing statement. Certain home garden vegetable crops require uniform soil mois ture to produce top quality material. Knobbiness in potatoes, bitter ness in cucumbers or stunted car rots may be due to alternating moist and dry conditions in garden soil. There are certain times in the life of a vegetable when adequate water is extremely important. Potatoes become knobby when garden soil get dries between waterings during mid-summer. The knobby effect occurs because the spuds grow in spurts, growing when there is mois ture, and slowing to a snail's pace when they are dry. Cucumbers and lettuce are gene rally bitter because of genetic par entage, but they will be more bitter if they've had to suffer from lack of water during their vigorous grow ing stages. Carrots and parsnips grown in soil with fluctuating moisture lev els will be badly formed and hardl) what you are expecting when it comes time to harvest. Maintain an even moisture con tent level in your garden soil by watering regularly, controlling moisture-robbing weeds and by using mulches to save the moisture in the soil. Apply at least one-half inch of water at each watering. Measure the amount of water by placing a shallow pan inside the garden sprink ler pattern. Stop watering when the pan has caught one-half inch of water or more. Then, a day later, dig down into the garden soil to see how deep the water, penetrated. Most garden vegetables need water penetration at least six inches down in the soil for plant roots to grow properly. Water frequently enough to keep garden soil moist to a depth of six inches. There is no substitute for proper watering. Servicing protects VCR s Prolong the life of your VCR and cut down on servicing costs by cleaning the heads periodically with special head-cleaning cassettes. They're available where videocassettes are sold and cost from $15 to $25. Be sure to follow the directions and recommendations for cleaning. Cleaning heads too often can actually cause them to wear faster. Also, rewind all cassettes and store in their jackets to cut down on dust and other contaminants. Pinkeye summertime threat Home equity loans popular now The fly season is upon us and there is the increased need to watch for any eye problems with live stock. One of the best deterrents is to use insecticide ear tags for cattle. There have been excellent successes with these products in the past. Other techniques include fly sprays and dust bags and also the use of the new pink eye vaccines. Vac cines should be used after consult ing your local veterinarian as to the best time to innoculate. Normally this is when calves are young. Two shots are needed. Producers should try to prevent the problem before it occurs. Then the animal may not loose an eye or develop cancer eye. As the income tax deductibility of consumer interest is phased out, many consumers will consider using home equity loans when purchas ing expensive consumer items. Mortgage interest paid on home equity loans will be deductible on federal income tax returns on first and second homes, but in most instances only on loans that don't exceed the purchase price of the home plus improvements. However, if audited, the taxpayer will need proof of the purchase price plus the improvements. An improvement is a replace ment or addition which adds to the value or prolongs the life of your house. For example, new plumb ing, landscaping, a new furnace or storm windows are improvements. But the cost of painting, cleaning and repair are ordinary mainte nance expenses, not improvements. Most people have a copy of the original purchase contract which is proof of the purchase price. How ever, they are less apt to have records of the improvements added over the years. Now's the time to pull those records together, so you will have them if at some future time you are considering a home equity loan. Body heat can cause heat strokes Regular check-ups can prevent gum disease M ore and more children are grow ing up these days with few, if any, cavities, thanks to the widespread use of decay-preventive fiouride in toothpastes, mouthrinses and com munity water systems. But these children may grow up to lose their teeth to another dental problem-periodental, or gum, disease. Gum disease affects the gums, bones and other supporting struc tures of the teeth, if left untreated, it can cuase infections that ulti mately destroy the bone support ing the teeth. Although gum disease is com monly thought of as a disease affect ing older people, children as young as 12 may be stricken by a form of juvenile periodontosis. In young patients with gum disease, the loss of the supporting bone may be so rapid that many or all of the teeth may be lost by age 30. The causes of gum disease are much the same for children as for adults. In both age groups, early detection is important to prevent tooth loss. Gum disease strikes three out of four adults over the age of 35. Good dental habits and regular check-ups can help keep teeth healthy for a lifetime. Beef cattle management tips for July Continue mineral supplementa tions (especially selenium and salt). Monitor water sources so that adequate water is supplied during the hot summer season. Watch for pink eye and other eye problems. Monitor range and pasture con ditions to determine when the for age uppiy may dry up or become short as this may dictate the need to sell feeders and calves at an ear lier time to attain the optimum profit margin. Determine forage and hay needs for the fall and winter seasons and begin identifying sources and sec uring winter hav needs. Although most everyone looks forward to the warmer days of summer, extreme heat can mean trouble for the elderly, especially those who have had strokes, have diabetes, or heart and circulatory disease. During hot and humid weather, a build-up of body heat can cause heat stroke or heat exhaustion. Heat stroke is a medical emer gency requiring immediate treat ment by a doctor. Symptoms include faintness, headache, nausea, loss of consciousness, body temperature of 104 degrees or higher, rapid pulse, and flushed skin. Heat exhaustion takes longer to develop and may be more difficult to detect. It results from a loss of body water and salt. Symptoms include weakness, heavy sweating, nausea, and giddiness. The treat ment is drinking cool liquids and bed rest away from the heat. Both of these illnesses can be avoided by staying cool. Remain indoors in an air-conditioned room or go to a cool public area if your home is not air-conditioned. Take cool baths or showers, place ice bags or wet towels on your body, and use electric fans, taking care to avoid electric shock. Avoid strenous activity, and wear light-weight, loose-fitting clothing. Also drink plenty of liquids to replace lost fluids. Water, iced tea. and fruit juices are the best. Avoid beverages that contain alcohol and excess sodium. The sodium can complicate existing medical prob lems, such as high blood pressure. Most important, take the heat seriously and don't ignore danger signals like nausea, dizziness and fatigue. Suspected child abuse should be reported Beware of errors in hospital bills We may not have direct control over the high cost of hospitali zaton, but we do have control over paying for w hat we get or dont get. According to a 41 state study by Fquifax Sen ices. 98 percent of the 3.850 bills they reviewed contained errors. If you or a family member is hospitalized, ask lor a copy of the bill, even if you're covered by health insurance. Look over the bill and make sure you weren't charged for treatments you never receiv ed. Dont be afraid to ask for definitions of terms you dont understand. Repeated injuries bruises (often different colors), welts, burns. Injury inconsistent with explanation. Parents may seem unconcerned, deny that anything is wrong, or give unlikely explanations. Neglected appearance often ma nifested through lack of supervi sion, lack of adequate clothing or good hygiene, lack of medical or dental care, chronic absence from school. Sometimes, though, over neatness may be a sign of abuse. Disruptive behavior very aggres sive, negative behavior constantly repeated can signal a desperate need for attention and help. Passive, withdrawn behavior When children are excessively shy and friendless, it may indicate that there are serious problems at home. Parents w ho are"super-critical"-critical parents who discipline their children frequently and severely may begin to abuse when their unrealistic standards are not met. Families that are extremely isolated parents who dont share in school or community activities and resent friendly contacts may be distrustful of people, afraid of their help. wno to contact it you suspect child abuse Call either your local law enforcement agency (the police) or the Children's Services Division. Seek help for abused Child abuse is not a pretty sub ject, and the more I read about it and hear about it. the sadder and angrier I become. Child abuse is not "new,"nor is it on the upswing it's just being publicized more, and rightly so. It is more common than you think, so I'm including some signs to look for. Important Use caution and good sense in identifying child abuse. Every parent makes errors in judge ment and action at some time, but when it seems plain toyou that this is a pattern or becoming one. it's time for help. J
