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About Capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1919-1980 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 22, 1957)
Salem, Oregon, Tuesday. January 22, 1957 Ir THE CAPITAL JOURNAL Section 2 Page 3 Pr ligation in County Doubles During Past Five Years ogress Told .MM Angel District Meet Marion Ground Water Supply Said Best In Valley "Use of irrigation in Marion county has doubled in the fi. years and it is just about the lead- i"K county irrigationwise in the state," Marvin Shearer, extension irrigation specialist at Oregon Mate college, told members of the Mt. Angel Soil Conservation dis trict at their annual meeting this week. Marion county had the first or ganized irrigation district in Ore gon (West Stayton), it has the largest irrigation acreage of any county in the Willam-Ne vni. and has the best supply of ground water in the valley, Shearer pointed out. Farmers will soon be asking how long they can maintain themselves ir. the valley without irrigation in onearer s opinion. Average to Increase Acreage will increase as rapidly as farm economy will allow, fi nances will sooner or later force most growers to use water from irrigation, he added. Hopewell dis trict farmers. 2 or 3 srouos in Lane county and a 1,500 acre dis trict in Linn county are now in process of development. Shearer said ultimate shortage of water will bring on more care ful use of irrigation practices. "It is necessary to keep our pepper mint fields sopping wet as most growers feel necessary?" he asked. O.S.C. surveys of 101 farms in the Willamette valley, 80 per cent oi tnem growing pole beans, ' show the smallest water applica tion was 41. inches and the high est 87 inches last year. Sweet corn water use varied from 1 inch to 27 inches. Soil Plotting Equipped Four years ago work was started with special soil plotting equip ment in 20 counties of the state. Following recommendations tim idly because hts neighbors were doing the opposite, a Linn county farmer cut his water application on beans by one-half and grew 9 and 11 tons per acre in the last 2 years. By using water meters a group of Hood River farmers have saved 1 to 2 applications each year. A statistical minded wife of a Jackson county fruit grower reads moisture meters and plots results for three neighborhood farms. "She tells us when, to "irrigate when we get her trained to move the pipes it will be just perfect," the farmer reported. Saucy Severely Prunes His Cherry Orchard West Oregon Health Meet Slated Jan. 29 Community, health problems, their sources and solutions will be discussed at a regional health con ference for Western Oregon coun ties January 29 in Coos Bay. "Man. His Aids and-His Abode" has been chosen as theme for the program sponsored by the Oregon State college extension service and the Oregon Rural Health council. Dr. John Waterman, social psy chiatric worker, Oregon state board of health, will speak on human problems, followed by a panel of church, professional, school, police, health and social workers. Mrs. Dean Brooks, Salem, a director of the Marion county tuberculosis and health committee will propose ways a community can study its prob lems. Hospitals, health departments, the extension service, employment service, tuberculosis association and the juvenile court are among the health resources in a commun ity that will be discussed in the afternoon session. Discussions on improving "man's abode" through planning, education and legislation will in clude a talk by C. Eugene Fields, Coos county sanitarian. T. M. Gcrow. district engineer from the state hoard of health, will toll of individual sewage and water prob lems and Victor Morgan'. Lane county sanitarian, will speak on the need for county zoning and planning. According to Mrs. John Dever eux, Bandon, program chairman, the sessions will be built around how people can evaluate their re sources, identify problems and then solve them. Mrs. Harland Montgomery, Coos Bay, is general chairman of the conference. All sessions will be at the Marshfield high school auditorium in Coos Bay. The public is invited. SSSr i , Trees In 754 acre Lambert and Royal Anne or- the trees for a more efficient spray program, chard, 5650 Portland road, get a severe pruning The Pierre Saucy orchard is 27 years old and to promote a more vigorous growth and open has had a good record for heavy production. Drastic Cherry Pruning Tried to OvercomeDeadBud Efficient Spray Pruning Helped By Action By BEN MAXWELL Capital Journal Writer Pierre Saucy who has completed a drastic pruning of his IVi acre cherry orchard of Royal Anne and Lambert varieties at 5650 Port land road had these objectives in mind: First. Saucy hopes heavy prun ing may stimulate a strong growth that will overcome to an extent the presence of dead bud in his orchard. . Secondly, he prunes to open his trees for a more efficient spray program. And associated with this is the thought that open trees will admit more sunlight and air flow to combat fungus and bacterial diseases such as brown rot, both in the blossom and on the fruit. Disease Cause Unknown Neither the experts nor Saucy know exactly what causes dead bud (fruit spurs lose their vitality, become malformed and finally die) but he associates the condi tion with older trees and particu larly those that suffered from the severe freeze during November of 1955. Anyway many of the trees in his orchard are having their lower limbs, where dead bud is most severe, lopped off. Trees in Saucy's cherry orchard are planted 35 feet each way and the 27 year old orchard is now said to be "too close." Horticultural authorities have suggested to Pierre that his or chard be thinned of trees to help overcome some of its problems. But taking out every other tree, however beneficial, would be too drastic from a financial viewport for a commercial orchard growing on expensive land. Instead, Saucy is doing what he considers to be Dormant Spray Needed for Peach Curl Before Buds Swell Rain. wind, and other unfavor able weather usually delay the dormant spray for peach leaf curl in local orchards, observes County Extension Agent D. L. Rasmus-sen. However, as long as the spray is applied before the buds swell, it will protect against damage by peach leaf curl, one of the most serious fungus diseases of peaches in the Willamette Valley. Recommended sprays include Bordeaux 12-12-100; Ferbam, 3 pounds in 100 gallons of water: or Puratized Agricultural Spray, 3 pints in 100 gallons of water. A spreader sticker, such as Triton B lf.Tfi or DuPont Spreader Sticker should he used according to manu- Fann Efficiency Progress Noted In Recent Years Step by step, science is improv ing man's efficiency in farm pro duction. For example, says County Agent Ben A. -Newell, it requires 22 per . , A rrnAira a l,lart CCm less irru iw p.u.,vv. oi milk than it did 40 years ago; I 2.1 per cent less feed to produce a dozen eggs: 29 per cent less h tn nrnduce a pound of chicken: am" 32 per cent less feed to make a pound o. pork. Also in the past 40 years the man-hours needed to grow an acre of wheat has dropped from 15.2 to 4.1, and a ton of hay re quired 10.3 hours of labor, com pared to 4 hourj today. Fertilizer Use To Be Topic At OSC Meet Proper use of commercial fertilizers will be stressed at this year's Western Oregon Fertilizer Dealers meeting, reports Tom Jackson, Oregon State college soils specialist. The meeting will he held January 17 on the OSC campus. A new feature on the program this year will be a talk by Chet Lowe. First National Bank, Salem, on "Financing Farm Production Loans." Another speaker, F. Todd Tremblay of the Washington Co operative Farmers association, Seattle, will tell "What's in the Fertilizer Bag" as he discusses tbe manufacture of fertilizer mater ials. During the meeting, OSC soil scientists will report on fertilizer experiments being carried on by the agricultural experiment sta tion. Fertilizer recommendations will be given for pastures, and for some small fruit crops. Boron ree ommendaWons for fruit trees will also be disaussed. There wfa js tie aejjort! mi the WashinAYfl WJV ftMilieer demonstration tm, apt tpi test ing in Western Oregan. , facturer's instructions. Another suitable sticker is 1 quart of spray oil emulsion in 100 gallons of spray. For . the backyard gardener. Puratized Agricultural Spray is effective at 1 tablespoon per gal lon of water. Ferbam at 2 level teaspoons per gallon of water is equally effective. Dry milk pow der at 2 level teaspoons to 3 gal lons of spray makes a good sticker for small quantities of these sprays. Experienced peach growers know that it is difficult to apply i.n effective peach leaf curl spray. They must be able to time their sprays to dry before rains wash them off or lower their effective ness. Growers must be able to move equipment in the orchard without getting stuck. They must be prepared to stop spraying if winds make thorough coverage impossible. Finally, they must plan to discard any Bordeaux spray that cannot be used the same day it is mixed. Bordeaux is an unstable spray that will not remain effective for more than a few hours after mixing. the next best thing: He is giving the orchard a severe pruning, the first it has had in four years. Virus Blamed Specialists in horticulture have come to associate a number of heretofore mysterious cherry tree afflictions with virus. Now they are ootaimng bud and scion wood from old trees obviously free of any such disorders and index test ing it for virus contamination. Such stock as passes the test is further propagated under carefully controlled conditions and dissemi nated among nurserymen for com mercial propagation on vigorous, resistcnt understock. Better nurs ery stock available for planting is now considered virus free. Experienced cherry growers of ten remark about old and isolated trees with plenty of room for root and top expansion as being parti cularly healthy and vigorous. Usu ally they do not regard themselves as qualified to discuss the labora tory aspects of virus. But they do have the thought that cherry trees with plenty of room for a vigor ous life, good drainage, good soil and ample air circulation have the capacity to resist most known af flictions, including virus. Farmers Union at Spring Valley to Donate to Fund Spring Valley Local of Farmers Union, decided, in a meeting this week, to donate $50 to the Com munity Center Association when they begin work on the addition to their building. The group also donated $20 each to the state and national budget funds. This money is used to help farm legislation in Congress. G. L. Hammond presided at the meeting which was held at the home of Mrs. It. B. Whittington. Mrs. McKinncy and Mrs. Whitting ton reported on the recent farmers union meeting and Mrs. McKinncy was appointed delegate to the State Farm Union convention Feb. 8, 9, 10 in Salem. G. L. Hammond and Mrs. Whittington will also attend. Processors to Hear Governor At Convention Merrill Tells of High Reputation of NW Processed Foods Governor Holmes will address some 1.200 leaders nf the tnnA nrn. cessing industry at their first an nual convention at the .Multnomah Hotel in Portland, Jan. 28 through 30. This announcement was. made by N. W. Merrill, president of the association, as he returned to Ore gon from the National Frozen rood Convention in Florida. Merrill commented on the repu tation of the Northwest for quality leadershiD in the fnnrf nrwnin inuusiry. u is aounaantly clear", ne saia, "mat the preference of America's- cnnsntnare fnr Paif,, Northwest canned and frozen fruit. and vegetables is not an idle claim, Dut an established fact. With volume and competition for markets constantly increasing, we face the difficult task nf moinlnin. ing that leadership through the years to come. At the forthcom ing convention we shall demon strate and further develop the pro cedures Which will enahle n In continue to live up to our slogan. a uepenaaoie source of Supply from a Reeinh Whpra Oimlilv i. a Tradition' ". The Northwest prnnn ic iimmia among lood processor associations, having been formed from ih nw. ger of two long-standing predeces sor associations. Last year the northwest canners and freezers met senaratelv And itupittml thai- mutual aims transcended their competitive positions. As a result, 60 member companies from Ore- son, vvasninoion ana innhn. nnw Maior flDeakprs fnr thn ranvan tion beside Governor Robert D. Holmes will, be Mi'an D. Smith, executive assistant to the score- tary of the U.S. Department of agriculture and Paul Benson, pub lic relations dirertnr fnr tho rirnnn inant Company. State and indus try leaders Of rernpni7nH aiithn,.. ity will present the most recent develooments in the. ajsricuiiure ana 100a processing. Farm Calendar January 12-24 Annual 4-H club leader and agent conference, OSC. Multnomah Hotel, Portland. February J Oregon S w I a e Grower. Bred Gilt Sale. Slate Fair grounds, Salem, noon. S-6 Short course for nursery men, landscape gardeners florists, bulb and holly growers, on OSC campus. 7-9 State Farmers Union an nual convention. Veterans of Foreign War Hall, Salem. I ARS OSC Soli and Waler conservation research pro gram review conference, OSC, M.U. 208. 11-13 First Annual Oregon Seed Processors short coarse, OSC. 11-14 Oregon Dairy Industries - 46th annual conference OSC. 15-18 Oregon Cattlemen! Ann. Annual range bull sale, Ontario. 19-20 Oregon Wheat Industry Conference. Multno mah Hotel, Portland. J0-J1 Eighth Annual Northwest Perishable Loss Prevention short course, courthouse Medford, 8:30 a.m. May (-8 Oregon Cattleman's annual convention, Engeae. 17-18 Annual Oregon Home Ee. Ann. meeting, Marlon Be jel, Salem. June 24-26 Western Society of Crops Science annual meeting, OSC. 26-28 Eighth Annual Fertilizer conference of Pacific N.W., Henmn Hotel, Portland. 26-28 Pacific Branch, Entomolo gical Society of America, Multnomah Hotel, Portland. 84 MILLION PAID FARMERS PORTLAND in Oregon farm ers have received $4,158,000 from the federal government for parti cipating in the 1957 soil bank program, state agricultural stabil ization chairman Robert Lister said Monday. Smut Decrease Seen in Wheat A slight downturn in the amount of smut found in wheat grown in the Pacfiic Northwest was re ported at the annual Pacific North w e s t Smut Control committee j meeting in Portland Thursday. j Inspection of 22,282 lots of far- i mer-owned wheat in Oregon, Washington, and northern Idaho in 1956 showed 30.3 percent of the hard red winter and white wheat varieties graded smutty a de crease of 3.6 percent under the year before. Some of the smutty wheat lots carried larger amounts of smut than the year before, however. Over one-half of one percent smut was found in 15 percent of- the lots of wheat inspected in 1956. In 1955. just 13 8 percent of the inspections , uncovered wheat carrying this! amount of imut dockage. I A "Must" In Our Profession We can't mske mistakes! That's why each measure is double checked. Your guarantee of the best! CAPITAL DRUG STORE 405 State St. 617 Chemeketa WE GIVE 2C GREEN ITAMPS i Southern Slash Pine Plantation This slash pine plantation In Mlnden, La., was 90 feet In height. The picture li an example of planted In 1941 ill feet apart both ways. The treea every other row thinning. A woodland conserra were thinned In 1952 and 1956. The trees average Uonlst li shown looking at the planting. Oregon May Soon Follow Sonth's Lead in Growing Trees for Pulp Rise Noted in , Those Needed For Marketing Fewer Persons Needed In Agricultural Production While the ntlmhar nt uinrLm quired in agricultural production has been going down, marketing workers have increased, according to county agents reports. Latest figures show that market ing workers have increased from three and a half mitlinn tn Mua five million since 1929. Retailing engages some 0 per cent of this number, food process ing about 85 per cent an,d the other 15 per cent are employed in local assembly, wholesaling and trans portation of foods. Increased volume nf nrntn. and output per worker have gone uiuug wun me gain in numbers. A 50 per cent Increase In workers now hnnHlf. n M km. i...- volume of food products than in neceni years nave also sees a shift to food preparation in pre- cessinff nlnnl. Path- Ik... .I- 0 r.u...H .a,L, mail ma home kitchen, and to additional service operations once performed by the user. Insistent demand from numer ous pulp mills in the Arkansas Louisiana - Tennessee area has made tree farming more profit able than land farming, even with 90 per cent parity cotton, and pre dicted construction of 8 new pulp mills in the next few years in Ore gon will bring similar results here in the opinion of Bill Sauerwein, Linn county forester with the Soil Conservation Service. "I never saw so much Interest in tree growing in my life, it is infectious," said Sauerwein in dis cussing the S.C.S. woodland work shop recently held in the southern gulf states. Bankers, farmers, pro fessional men and business men all go out to their tree plantations and trim trees in their spare time. Nearly All Pine The tree farms range from S to 500 acres in size, 160 acres is about average according to the forester. Nearly all are pine trees with a few hardwoods. Older plant ings were made at 6 x 8 spacing out 8 x 8 is more common now. During the first 25 years, pine trees in that area grow faster than do Douglas firs in Oregon but in the second quarter century the reverse is true, Sauerwein noted, "If properly spaced, Douglas fir could be grown more rapidly here for pulp wood and eight foot stud logs," he said. Many of our natural seedings are too dense for rapid early growth. Pulp wood trees are being thinned as early as 15 years after planting in the Gulf states. At that time they are 6-8 inches in diameter at "breast height." It is customary to thin 1-2 cords of wood per acre. Present stumpagc price for pulp wood is about $5 per cord, if tho owner delivers to the mill he gets 512 per cord, cut in 5 loot lengths. Southern gulf tree farm soil types are silty clay loams some what similar to our hill types. Terrain is rolling, somewhat like that of Howell Prairie. Annual rainfall of about 50 inches often comes in heavy storms. Due to erosion, farmers of that district do not like to crop lands with more than nine per cent slope and many of the tree farms are on poor land formerly in cotton-corn row crops, haucrwem said land values are somewhat lower than ours. Mechanical girdling devises are used to kill low grade hardwood trees so that pines may develop more rapidly. Sauerwein feels this could well be done hero on dis eased, rotten or ill-shaped oak, alder and maple trees. Arkansas Example Statistics prove the importance of tree farming in Columbia county, Arkansas, which is about as large as Polk county. Between 1941 and 1948 there were 1,690.000 trees planted in that county. In vjvj planting was 2.652.000 trees, the 1955 planting was 791,000. To date more than 10 million plants have gone into the ground. Dur ing 1955, land owners thinned 15,000 acres, improved by trim ming 17,800 acres and removed crop trees on 15,289 acres. In Columbia county 1950 owners have 491,520 acres devoted to trees. Tree farm provisions of the soil bank, proposed changes in the state reforestation act to lessen the tax load and the predicted nuln mills should make prospects bright lor future tree larmers according to Oregon State college extension foresters. Timber growth in western Ore gon often adds $.10 to $50 per acre per year here. By doing his own harvesting the land owner can realixe 78 tn an n-- -Mf t k- gross take. Tan Oak Prospects Tan OnlC. formarlv m,ml-4 - weed tree, may come into Hs own as stands of southern hardwoods are dpnlpterf Thar .u mated 1.7 billion board feet of this vnrietv In iniilhiua.l.rH n. which will make merchantable flooring and if treated is good for ship decking according to Gary oauuer. v.o.i,. extension lorester, Annlient inn nf ranmip.l.l t.-tl. lizer has long been used in Euro pean tree fnrmj. Snll HafUI-nl-. shown by checked growth, poor, iuuuko vuiur, snort neeaies and premature needle drop have been corrected in Now Virlr .tat- k-i aerial use of 200 pounds of mater ial costing to JI3 per acre. Experiments with Douglas ft havo shown that nitrogen fertili zation, by hastening mortality of mermeaiate trees, may partially eliminate the need for thinning ana aiso stimulate me crop trees. FALSE TEET H That Loosen Need Not Embarrass Many wainn of flM ttth hxw tuflered real mbmuamtnt b mum their put dropped. Upped or wob bled t J nit tho wrong unit. Do not ! In feir of thU happen In to jrou, 'Just cprlnklo Httlo FASTEBTH. tho alkaline (non-tcld) powder, on your pUtej, Hold flM teeth moro flr-mlr so they feel mora comfortable. Does not aour. Cbecke "plata odor" (den tura breath). 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