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About Capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1919-1980 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 21, 1945)
Full Story of Pearl Harbor Known to Dewey Cracking of Code En abled Roosevelt to Learn Jap' Plans in Advance Albany, N. Y., Sept. 21 IIP) Gov. Thomas E. 3 Dewey today declined to make public a let ter from General Marshall which reputedly admitted Pres ident Roosevelt knew the Jap anese were going to attack 15 hours before Pearl Harbor. "Since I received the letter in confidence, I refer you to Gen eral Marshall for the text of it," the 1944 republican presidential candidate said. Kept a Secret Questioned by reporters con cerning a story in the current issue of "Life" magazine which also said Dewey declined to use his information in the cam paign, the governor declined to answer most questions. "I would rather not comment at this time," he explained. However, close friends of Dewey said he- felt last year that he would rather be defeat ed for president than endanger the war effort. , Asked "In the event you are requested to testify before a congressional committee, would you do so?" the governor said: Article in Life "Certainly, I would testify if I had any information the com mittee wanted, although I have no information not available di rectly from government sources to any congressional commit tee." ' The "Life" article, written by John Chamberlain, one of its editors, said "Dewey . . . was in position to charge that the president had 'betrayed' the in terests of the U. S. in failing either to forestall or mitigate an attack for which we were, on the certification of General Marshall (U. S. army chief of staff), not yet ready." "The political impact of such a charge, if supported by the evidence of code - cracking, would have been terrific, and might well have landed Dewey in the White House." Chamberlain said Dewey learned long oeiore tne iwi election that America had cracked the Japanese "ultra" code "some time prior to Pearl Harbor and that Roosevelt and his advisers knew what the Jap anese were going to do well in advance of the overt rupture of relations." (Concluded on Page 8, Column S) tDodge Plant Closed by Strike Detroit, Sept. 21 (U.R) A strike of 800 CIO automobile workers closed Chrysler corpor ation's Dodge truck plant today in a new dispute on Detroit's troubled labor front. Company officials said the strike developed over tempor ary layoff 2,200 employes re sulting from lack of truck parts from strike-bound supplying firms. The company told the 2,000 workers yesterday that they would not need to report today. Another 800 who were advised to report refused to cross picket lines this morning, the company said, closing the plant and halt ing all production. Union leaders Immediately sought conferences with the strikers to establish reasons for the action. The new disturb ance broke out as a management-labor rift developed in the Kelsey-Hayes Wheel company strike which has forced the Ford Motor company to halt new-car production. The Kelsey-Hayes strike en tered its 30th day with 4.500 CIO automobile workers idle ,1 - en nnn J tn lay off in 11 Ford plants. Shortage of Gas Reality in Detroit Detroit, Sept. 21 OP) A strike caused gasoline shortage threat ened today to give Detroit a worse immediate problem than its idleness of more than 80,000 men in the automobile manu facturing industry. Available gasoline supplies for the city of 1.600.000 were described as sufficient to last only until Monday. Supplies vere halted by the walkout of refinery employes and other CIO oil workers Forty percent of the city's 3400 filling stations were "sold out." The Weather (Released by the United States Weather Bureau) Forecast for Salem and vicin ity: Occasional showers tonight with minimum temperature about 46. Considerable clearing Saturday with continued cool daytime temperatures and fair ly strong winds. Max. yesterday, 67. Min. today. 47. Mean tem perature yesterday. 59. which was 1 below normal. Total 24 hour precipitation to 11:30 a m. today. .29. Total precipitation for the month. 2.30. which is 1.35 Inches above normal. Wil lamette river height, -3.8 ft. apital -ri n Journal 57th Year, No. 225 J5SSTlZjSr& Salem, Oregon, Friday, September 21, 1956 Price Five Cents Round World Weekly Flights Begin Sept. 28 Washington, Sept. 21 UP) iJP) Regular 'round- the- world air service, dream of American flying men since the Wright Brothers first got off the ground at Kitty-Hawk, begins Septem ber 28 from Washington Nation al airport. Six and one-quarter days (151 hours) will be required for the 23,147-mile flight, scheduled as "The Globester." Planes will leave Washington each Friday. As the U.S. army air trans port command made this an nouncement today it was learn ed: Service Restricted 1. Service will be restricted normally to military personnel, cargo and mail. However, a civilian certified as traveling in the national interest can make the complete flight for $2,431 plus 15 percent transportation tax. 2. Later, when the army can get out of vthe business and planes are more available,' U.S. commercial airlines will carry any civilian who wants to go; any civilian, that is, who (a) has the price, and (b) is willing to undergo innoculations for everything from smallpox to cholera. Hughes Holds Record Howard Hughes, movie pro ducer and plane builder, holds the record for globe-girdling by air. He flew 14,824 miles from New York to Paris, Moscow, Fairbanks, Alaska: Minneapolis and back to New York in three days, 19 hours, eight minutes and 10 seconds. However that was 8,323 miles short of "The Globester" run, The inaugural flight may have been arranged with one eye on publicity and one on an anniversary. Newsmen Aboard Three reporters will be aboard the first "Globester." The departure date is the 21st anniversary of the U.S. army air corps' first 'round-the-world flight of 1924 a junket that required 175 days to cover 28, 345 miles and which was com pleted by two of four planes. With perhaps 20 passengers and crew of six, "The Globster" will leave Washington at 5 p.m. (EWT) Friday, September 28. It will pick up 10 passengers at New York City's LaGuardia air port at 6:30 and depart at 7:30 p.m., covering 23,147 miles by way of the Azores, North Africa, Egypt, India, China, the Philip pines, Hawaii and back to Wash ington at midnight, Thursday, October 4. No Revision of Draft Laws Washington, Sept. 21 UP) A senate proposal to revise the draft law was killed off today by the senate military commit tee. The committee acted in ap proving legislation, already passed by 'the house, to encour age voluntary enlistments in the armed forces through various inducements. Chairman Thomas (D. Utah) prior to the session had plan ned to ask that the present se lective service be limited to men 21 to 26 years. "I gave up because I do not want to be in a position of de laying the army and navy plan to obtain men by enlistment," the chairman said. Thomas explained that the re cruitment measure before the committee did not raise the draft revision issue. He said that if this now was attacked by the senate, dispute, debate and delay would result. He said he would delay any attempt to re vise existing draft laws. 10 Point Code Issue to Jap Press and Radio Tokyo, Sept. 21 UP) General MacArthur today ordered the "immediate arrest" of Lt. Gen. Kenji Doihara whose recent appointment to command Jap an's first general army was given allied acceptance and Issued a 10-point code to guide opera tions of the ctnsored Japanese press and radio. Japan's cabinet met mean while for three hours to discuss problems which well-informed sources said included mounting food shortages and repatriation of Japanese civilians from Man churia and Korea. Another Thriller The newspaper Asahl today added another dime-novel thrill er to the tales of Japanese surrender-crisis intrigue, reporting that former Premier Kantaro Suzuki barely escaped with his life from a band of armed Jap soldiers August 15. The band, evidently angered by surrender plans, machine-gunned in quick succession two houses from which Suzuki had just departed. Doihara, once called Japan's "Lawrence of Manchuria," was his country's advance agent in its Asiatic conquest. His appoint ment of the first general army, succeeding Field Marshal Gen Sugiyama who committed sui cide, was a surprise to many Japanese, who said his past rec ord was not one that would in spire American confidence. Pledged Cooperation American army officers, nev ertheless, said after the confer ence that Doihara had pledged full cooperation and was "cour teous and cooperative." Gen. MacArthur's code for the Jap press specified that news "must adhere strictly to the truth" and said that "nothing may be printed which might di rectly or indirectly disturb pub lic tranquility." Rather than restrict the press, which already is American-censored, the code emphasized truth in news and the elimination of propaganda. Lumber Strike Grows Nearer (By the Associated Press) Strike rumblings in the great northwest lumber industry grew louder today. While a conciliation commit tee tackled the strike authorized by the AFL Lumber and Saw mill Workers, the CIO Inter national Woodworkers of Amer ica announced "overwhelming approval of a strike by their union. The CIO said an unofficial tabulation of 30,000 ballots cast by Oregon, Washington, and California showed a heavy ma jority favored giving the union power to call a strike. President Claude Ballard said the union negotiating commit tee would meet in Portland Wednesday, with authority to issue a strike call if it decides demands for a $1.15 hourly minimum can not be obtained through negotiation. Meanwhile E. P. Marsh, chairman of the commission working on the AFL demand for a $1.10 hourly minimum, re ported "some progress, but no startling developments" during meetings with labor and man agement. The 60,000 AFL work ers have already voted appro val of a legal Smith-Connally strike. War Time Ends September 30 Washington, Sept. 21 Con- j gross has voted to end war time at z a.m., oepiemDer ju. ine senate passed a house-approved bill yesterday and sent it to President Truman for his ex pected signature. Oil Industry Strikes Closing Gigantic Gary Steel Plant IB? the United Pressr Dwindling oil supplies from the strike-hit Calumet river basin refinery center in northwestern Indiana forced the gigantic Carnegie-Illinois steel plant in Gary, Ind., to curtail production today. More than 20.000 refinery and pipeline workers had left their jobs in six states to enforce the Oil Workers International un ion (CIO) demand for a 30 per cent hourly pay increase. The OWIU served notice it was rea dy to fight to the finish to ob tain the same pay for working a peacetime 40-hour week that the workers had received in working a wartime 48 hours with time and one-half for the extra eight hours. More than 200.000 workers were idled by strikes through out the nation. In Detroit, more trouble flared when 800 CIO automo bile workers closed Chrysler corporation's Dodge truck plant in a new dispute. Company of ficials said the strike had de veloped from the temporary lay off of 2200 employes as result of lack of truck parts from strike-bound plants. Some 85,000 men were idled by labor disputes in Detroit, where a corps of seven labor department conciliators were at work in an effort to iron out the troble. Hearings were or dered immediately in the strike of 4500 Kelsey-Hayes Wheel company workers that had forced the layoff of 50.000 Ford Motor company employes. 5 I 1 jr.---"- Japan in Complete Collapse Never Again to be World Power Declares General MacArthur Commander Discusses Situation Plans to Aspirations and on Last Public Assignment Asperations and on Last Public Assignment West Salem's Old Fender and Body Revetment, an effective if unsightly protection against river erosion, is now being covered with gravel spread by the U. S. engineer's dredge, Monticello. Monticello About to Finish Covering Job The government dredge Monticello probably will finish this week the project of covering a large part of the wrecked auto mobile bodies that line the west bank of the Willamette river in West Salem, that for several years have given the river bank a very unsightly appearance as viewed from the east side. A tstretch of 300 or 400 feet is be- T J1 ing covered. The upper part of iyu ings Defies CIO Threats Washington, Sept. 21 UP) Senator Tydings (D., Md.) walk ed out of a Maryland congres sional delegation's conference with a CIO group today, angrily declaring that he refused to be threatened. Boos and hisses came from the group of approximately 300 Maryland CIO members who came to Washington to urge en actment of President Truman's legislative program. Tydings, who was acting as conference chairman, - stalked from the room . after Robert Lamb, CIO national legislative- representative, said that "any members of congress who don't get on the bandwagon and vote for a 65-cent minimum wage are going to be sorry in 1946." Tydings broke in to say that he would not stay in the room "unless your implied threats are discarded." "I will be glad to listen to arguments in favor of the leg islation you want," he said, "but I don't intend to sit here and be threatened by any damn person." Lamb .protested that he had not threatened anyone. Tyd ings, however, asked Senator Radcliffe (D., Mr.) to assume chairmanship of the meeting and started out. "Your boos don't worry me a bit," he remarked to a CIO group as he neared the door. Showers Slow California Fires San Francisco, Sept. 21 IIP) A forecast of showers, coastal fogs and high humidity today brought hope of relief to thous ands of weary soldiers and civi lians battling forest fires in Mendocino. Humboldt, Napa, Amador, Calaveras, El Dorado and Nevada counties. Light showers and a south wind last night slowed the prog ress of flames in some areas. Twenty-five major fires con tinued to burn. Some were un checked although hundreds of negro paratroopers of the 555th parachute infantry battalion were thrown into the battle. Danger of their spread forced the complete shutdown in north ern California of all logging op erations. Yank Presented With Togo's War Ribbons Tokyo. Sept. 21 UP) The envy of the rabid souvenior hunters in the American occupation army is Pfc. Donald Kincaid of Dayton, Ohio, whose prize is General Hideki Tojo's complete set of campaign ribbons given to Kincaid by the general him self. Kincaid, a military police man, was one of several assign ed to stand guard at the bed side of the war-making premier after his suicide attempt. When the general's dress uni form was brought to him one day, Tojo removed his set of 24 ribbons and personally handed them to Kincaid. the improvised revetment will not be covered at this time. The wreckage, though unsightly, has served a valuable purpose in slowing down erosion of the riv er bank, which was becoming serious. Earl C. Burk, owner of the property bordered by the river at that place, permitted the depositing of the auto wrecks. He advised with the state highway department and was informed that the wreckage makes an excellent background for revetment construction, and there is a possibility that later a masonry revetment similar to that at Eola will be built. The Monticello, which for several months has been scoop ing sand and gravel from the river bottom, by-way of chan nel Improvement, is attracting much interest as its big shovel buries the wreckage under a wall of sand and gravel. The property bordering the river is part of that tentatively proposed as a public park site for West Salem, for which it is believed federal aid will be given. Jobless Bills Face Defeat Washington, Sept, 21 IIP) Given the severest senate re buff since he took office, Presi dent Truman may be in for even rougher treatment in the house on the issue of aid to the job less. Mr. Truman's proposal for broad expansion of unemploy ment compensation was tossed over to the house after the sen ate turned thumbs down on a large part of the administration program. The chamber did, however, agree to extend unem ployment benefits to a maxi mum of 26 weeks at .federal ex pense and to pay travel ex penses for displaced war work ers. Senator Wagner (D N Y.) said Ipe bill, passed by voice vote in the senate yesterday, is greatly "watered down" from urgent presidential recommen dations. Administration troubles were multiplied in the house, as lead ing members of the ways and means committee declared the legislation, as proposed by the president, would "promote idle ness." The senate rejected Mr. Tru man's proposal that congress provide benefits up to S25 a week by supplementing jobless programs administered by the states. This action left pay ments at the various state rates, which range from $15 to $28. U. S. S. Massachusetts Now at Bremerton Bremerton, Sept. 21 UP) The U.S.S. Massachusetts, first of America's fast new battleships to return to the States from the Pacific since V-J day, was wel comed at Puget Sound navy yard yesterday. Affectionately known as "Big Mamie" to her crew, she has a record of three downed enemy warships, two damaged and 16 Japanese planes shot down. Un scathed in battle in either the Pacific or during previous serv ice in the Atlantic, the battle ship went intQ drydock for routine repairs and overhaul. Say Acheson Cracked at Mac Washington, Sept. 21 WV--The senate entered a three-day cooling off period today in the matter of whether Dean Ache son did or didn't take a verbal crack at General MacArthur. Senators Wherry (R., Neb.) and Chandler (D., Ky.) say he did. They made such an Issue of it that Majority Leader Bark ley (Ky.) recessed the chamber from Thursday to Monday with out acting on a long list of ap pointments. Among them was Acheson's promotion to under secretary of state. Barkley told reporters he thinks there'll be a peaceful. confirmatoin Monday. Others held up included the nominations of: Frank McCarthy of Virginia as assistant secretary of state, Maxwell M. Hamilton of Iowa as minister to Finland, four Dis trict of Columbia judges and a scattering of U.S. attorneys and Marshals. Some question remained in the minds of most senators as to whether Acheson was aiming at MacArthur when he said at a recent news conference that the U.S. government, not any officer of the army or navy, would fix occupation policies for Japan. Acheson's comment came after the state department, the White House and the war de partment were caught flat foot ed by the general's announce ment that he probably could keep the Japanese in hand with 200,000 American troops six months hence. By Hugh Baillie (World Copyright 1945 by Vmtri Prfss) Tokyo, Sept. 21 U.R) Japan will never a era in become a world power. Gen. Douglas MacArthur said today in an interview with the United Press. "Japan industrially, commercially, militarily and every other way is in a state of complete collapse," MacArthur declared. "Her food supplies are scarce and she faces conditions in this emergency that may well beoome catastrophic. Her punishment for her sins, which is just beginning, will be long and bitter." The supreme commander told me that war criminal trials will commence very shortly, Japan's army will be absolutely abol ished by Oct. 15. The remnants of Japan's navy are doomed to destruction except "minor specimens which may be retainable for scientific or museum purposes." All Japanese munitions and all munitions plants which survived the war will be destroyed, MacArthur said. Japan will be kept on an austerity basis regarding sports, entertainment, and lux uries. The Japanese are not being treated brutally but the sur render terms, no matter how harsh, are being rigidly en forced, MacArthur emphasized. Furthermore, he said. Japan can expect no relief, no food, cloth ing, or supplied from the allied powers this winter. To Remain on Scene MacArthur pointed out com plete execution of the terms im posed by the allies is expected to take many years. The man who pursued the Japanese from Australia to To kyo, plans to remain personally on the scene enforcing, directing, and administering allied rule over the Japanese. Reiterating that he has no po litical aspiration, MacArthur said that he started as a soldier and intends to finish as one. "I'm on my last public as signment, which when conclud ed will mark the definite end of my service," he said. My own observations are cer tainly in accord with his esti mate of Japan's condition as far as visible evidences are con cerned. Jap Cities Pulverized The nation's cities and indus tries are pulverized and . par alyzed. Lacking outside assist ance, recovery will be extreme ly difficult. Vast areas, many square miles of which were once teeming business districts and extensive residence areas, are now hideous ruins and seem ingly endless jungles of weeds and rubble. The masses of people appear stupified by this devastation and defeat which has been visited upon them, although some lead ers obviously are attempting the first step toward reconstruc tion and rehabilitation. But anything they do seems almost futile in face of the massive job confronting them. The dominant feeling among the masses appears to be re lief that the war has ended be fore all were killed, but death will stalk the land this winter for lack of food and shelter. Hirohito May Yet Abdicate Tokyo, Sept. 21 (U.R) Indica tions that Emperor Hirohito is considering abdicating in favor of his 11 -year-old son increased today despite a denial from the royal household. Two factors in particular bolstered the belief that Hirohito is pondering abdi cation: 1. Crown Prince Akihito was ordered two days before Japan's capitulation to prepare himself for "togu" the science of rul ership and Dr. Shigeto Hozu mi, retired professor of Juris prudence at Tokyo Imperial uni versity, was named official ad viser and instructor to him. 2. Prince Chichibu, tubercular brother of Hirohito and prob able regent in the event of his abdication, is making one of his rare trips to Tokyo In response to a summons from the emperor. Asked point-blank whether Hirohito was considering abdi cating, however, imperial house hold minister Shotaro Ishiwata, one of the mikado's closest ad visors, told the United Press: "Such a thing as abdication of Emperor Hirohito absolutely could not be." Ishiwata's statement might be technically correct at the mo ment, but still was subject to complete reversal. "Koshltu Tempan" could be revised at proved at a family conference of royal princes and by the privy council. The latter body of 15 is appointed by the emperor. Homma Ordered Death March Another Boost in Price of Silver Washington, Sept. 21 (U.R The United States was on a sin gle price standard today for both domestic and foreign sil ver. The office of price adminis tration boosted the price of for eign silver 25 cents to the same level paid by the U.S. treasury for domestic-mined metal. The action will encourage export of silver ot this country by pro ducing countries. The ceiling price for foreign silver was established in Au gust, 1942, at 45 cents per ounce. Today's action by OPA brought the price of all silver foreign and domestic to 71.111 cents per fine ounce. Patterson Approved By Senate Group Washington, Sept. 2 (U.R) The senate military affairs commit tee today unanimously approved the nomination of Robert P. Patterson to be secretary of war. The committee also approved appointment of W. Stuart Sy mington of St. Louis to be fed eral surplus property adminis trator. Symington has been serving as chairman of the three-man surplus property board. The Patterson nomination re portedly was approved with lit tle discussion in the committee's executive session.' Patterson, who has been serving as under secretary of war will succeed 78-year-old Henry L. Stimson. Halscy at Pearl Harbor Pearl Harbor, Sept. 21 (U.R) Adm. William F. Halscy today was back from Tokyo, where the war ended, to Pearl Har bor, where it started. Russia Names War Trial Judge As French Seize Von Neurath Nuernberg, Germany, Sept. 21 MP The Russians named their judge and prosecutor today for the German war crimes trial this winter and the French announced the capture of Baron Konstantin von Neurath in Ba- ; r 77. 7. Hnn RaHnn nnp nf thp 94 iitrf . ana would De laenniiea later. for arraignment before the in ternational tribunal. Sir David Maxwell Frye, British prosecutor, said the question of the sanity of Rudolf Hess had been thoroughly ex plored and that the one time third ranking nazi was suitable for trial. Hess parachuted onto a Scottish moor, June 22, 1942, and has since been a prisoner of the British. The Russians appointed R. Rudenko prosecutor and I. T Jackson said indictments for the first 24 accused nazis were ready and could be filed when ever the court convened. He declared the German gestapo and SS (elite guard) would be tried as organizations simul taneously with such nazis as Hermann Goering, Hess, Joa chim von Ribbentrop, Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel and von Neurath. A conviction of the organization would mean that all its members would be guilty Ninkitchenko judge for the j to the extent of their participa four-man international court. Their American counterparts are Justice Robert H. Jackson, U. S. prosecutor, and former Attorney General Francis Bid die. Sir David said the Brit ish judge would be named soon. The French delegation said their judge had been appointed tion, Jackson said. "The trials cannot possibly begin before Nov. 1, but they definitely will be held this win ter." Jackson said. He added that the 24 listed as war criminals did not con stitute a "closed list." Others likely will be added. Tokyo, Sept. 21 Wi A berated American prisoner war said today he was convin ced that Lt. Gen. Masaharu Homma ordered the death march on Bataan In payment for Japanese killed in their Invasion of the Philippines. Homma recently surrendered to American authorities for questioning as a war criminal suspect and was placed in Jail along with other former leaders of the Japanese military ma chine. He said when he sur rendered that he had not or dered the agonizing march of American prisoners hut added that he would accept responsi bility for the actions of the of ficers under his command. Capt. Lossiter Mason of Jack sonville, Fla., recently freed from a camp near Osaka, said he heard a high Japanese off! cor declare: "Because lots of Japanese have been killed by the Americans in the Philip pines, the Americans must suf fer." Mason said he was convinced that "this was high command policy, and Homma was respon sible." The Floridnn said also that he knew that two American majors were beheaded on Cebu in the Philippines after CebU City was burned in a Japanese landing. Mason, one of the death marchers from Marivoles to San Fernando, said a Japanese shot an American major in the chest during the march and left him for dead. When a second col umn of marchers came along Mason said, the Japanese tn command found the major alive and forced him to march 60 kilometers, then shot him through the head. Over Billion Taxable Property in Oregon Of the $1,084,558,171.87 worth of taxable property in Oregon. $400,883,643.46 worth is in Multnomah county, the state tax commission's summary released today reveals. Lane county's valuation is placed at $53.512. 41)5 52. while Umatilla is third with $50,311,087.48, and Marion is fourth with $44,607,- 27B 02 on tax rolls. Property assessed and equal- ibed by the state tax commis sion (public service companies operating in more than one countv) is valued at $194,288,-100.87.
