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NATION East Oregonian Page 6A Friday, July 13, 2018 Detaining immigrant kids is a billion-dollar industry Associated Press SAN ANTONIO — Detaining immigrant children has morphed into a surging industry in the U.S. that now reaps $1 billion annually — a tenfold increase over the past decade, an Associated Press analy- sis finds. Health and Human Services grants for shelters, foster care and other child welfare services for detained unaccompanied and sep- arated children soared from $74.5 million in 2007 to $958 million in 2017. The agency is also reviewing a new round of proposals amid a growing effort by the White House to keep immigrant children in gov- ernment custody. Currently, more than 11,800 children, from a few months old to 17, are housed in nearly 90 facil- ities in 15 states — Arizona, Cal- ifornia, Connecticut, Florida, Illi- nois, Kansas, Maryland, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia and Washington. They are being held while their parents await immigration pro- ceedings or, if the children arrived unaccompanied, are reviewed for possible asylum themselves. In May, the agency issued requests for bids for five projects that could total more than $500 mil- lion for beds, foster and therapeu- tic care, and “secure care,” which means employing guards. More contracts are expected to come up for bids in October. HHS spokesman Kenneth Wolfe said the agency will award bids “based on the number of beds needed to provide appropriate care for minors in the program.” The agency’s current facili- ties include locations for what the Trump administration calls “tender age” children, typically under 5. Three shelters in Texas have been designated for toddlers and infants. Others — including in tents in Tor- nillo, Texas, and a tent-and-build- ing temporary shelter in Home- stead, Florida — are housing older teens. Over the past decade, by far the largest recipients of taxpayer money have been Southwest Key and Baptist Child & Family Ser- vices, AP’s analysis shows. From 2008 to date, Southwest Key has Miguel Roberts /The Brownsville Herald via AP, File Dignitaries take a tour of Southwest Key Programs Casa Padre, a U.S. immigration facility in Browns- ville, Texas, where children who have been separated from their families are detained. received $1.39 billion in grant funding to operate shelters; Bap- tist Child & Family Services has received $942 million. A Texas-based organization called International Educational Services also was a big recipient, landing more than $72 million in the last fiscal year before folding amid a series of complaints about the conditions in its shelters. The recipients of the money run the gamut from nonprofits, reli- gious organizations and for-profit entities. The organizations origi- nally concentrated on housing and detaining at-risk youth, but shifted their focus to immigrants when tens of thousands of Central Amer- ican children started arriving at the U.S.-Mexico border in recent years. They are essentially govern- ment contractors for the Health and Human Services Department — the federal agency that administers the program keeping immigrant chil- dren in custody. Organizations like Southwest Key insist that the chil- dren are well cared for and that the vast sums of money they receive are necessary to house, transport, educate and provide medical care for thousands of children while complying with government regu- lations and court orders. The recent uproar surrounding AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster Protesters place a large inflatable balloon in the likeness of Pres- ident Donald Trump dressed in a Ku Klux Klan sheet across the street from Southwest Key Campbell. separated families at the border has placed the locations at the center of the controversy. A former Wal- Mart in Texas is now a Southwest Key facility that’s believed to be the biggest child immigrant facility in the country, and First Lady Mela- nia Trump visited another South- west Key location in Phoenix. Advocates on both sides of the aisle criticize the growing number of kids housed in government shel- ters, but they have different reasons — and they blame each other. “You can’t put a child in a prison. You cannot. It’s immoral,” said Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand, a New York Democrat who has been visit- ing shelters. Gillibrand said the shelters will continue to expand because no sys- tem is in place to reunite families separated at the border. “These are real concerns that the administra- tion has not thought through at all,” she said. But President Donald Trump says cracking down on immigra- tion ultimately can lead to spend- ing less money and having fewer immigrants in government custody. “Illegal immigration costs our country hundreds of billions of dol- lars,” he said at a recent rally. “So imagine if we could spend that money to help bring opportunity to our inner cities and our rural com- munities and our roads and our highways and our schools.” In April, Attorney General Jeff Sessions announced a “zero toler- ance policy” directing authorities to arrest, jail and prosecute any- one illegally crossing the border, including people seeking asylum and without previous offenses. As a result, more than 2,300 children were turned over to HHS. In a recently released report, the State Department decried the gen- eral principle of holding children in shelters, saying it makes them inherently vulnerable. “Removal of a child from the family should only be considered as a temporary, last resort,” the report said. “Studies have found that both private and government-run resi- dential institutions for children, or places such as orphanages and psy- chiatric wards that do not offer a family-based setting, cannot repli- cate the emotional companionship and attention found in family envi- ronments that are prerequisites to healthy cognitive development.” Some in the Trump adminis- tration describe the new policy as a “deterrent” to future would-be immigrants and asylum-seekers fleeing violence and abject poverty in Central America, Mexico and beyond. But Steven Wagner, acting assistant secretary for the Admin- istration for Children and Fami- lies — an HHS division — said the policy has exposed broader issues over how the government can man- age such a vast system. “It was never intended to be a foster care system with more than 10,000 children in custody at an immediate cost to the federal tax- payer of over $1 billion dollars per year,” Wagner said in a statement. The longer a child is in gov- ernment custody, the potential for emotional and physical damage grows, said Dr. Colleen Kraft, pres- ident of the American Academy of Pediatrics. “The foundational relationship between a parent and child is what sets the stage for that child’s brain development, for their learning, for their child health, for their adult health,” Kraft said. 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Mariners Pregame MLB Baseball Seattle Mariners at Colorado Rockies (L) Pstgame MLB Baseball Seattle Mariners at Colorado Rockies < Friday the 13t... < Friday the 13th: A New Beginning < Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason L... < Friday the 13th Part VII: The N... <++ Friday the 13th Part 2 Mixed Martial Arts Bellator 202 (L) :15 < Friday the... <+++ Robin Hood Russell Crowe. <++ The Time Machine Guy Pearce. <+ The Legend of Hercules < Journey 2: The Mysterious Island <++++ Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone :05 < Harry Pot... Friends Friends Friends Friends Friends Friends Friends Friends Am.Dad Am.Dad Am.Dad Am.Dad Fam.Guy Fam.Guy BobBurg. BobBurg. <++ Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice Ben Affleck. 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