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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (May 19, 1882)
VOL. XIV. tytmtfyiHuUntq. Churning and Haw to Churn. Editor Willamette Farmer: In your issue of May 5th, Mr. P., of Knox Butte, lias given liis way of making butter, and at the close of his article says ho would like to have "Mr. K. toll us of a better way, using the same kind of a churn we do, viz: the old-fashione 1 dash churn, mostly in use among farmers." Since writing that article Mr. P. has doubtless seen my essay on butter making, delivered before the Pomona Grange, and published in the Farmer of April 28th, in which I think his inquiries are fully an swered. But as Mr. P. has given his method, and seems not aveisc to friendly criticism, I will comment on it a little. I do not object to your churn; you can make as good quality of butter with that as I can, if all other con ditions are properly observed. 1 use a differ ent and better one for the samo reason that you use a reaper to harvest your grain instead of tho old-fashione I cradle, because I can do more work in leas time. You say, first, "We want the cream in good condition, not old and funky, but at a tem perature of about sixty degrees, as near as we can guess. Now, this is very indefinite. We don't guess at anything, we consult our ther mometer handing in the dairy as a mariner would his compass, and always use it in pre paling the cream for the churn; we weigh the butter and weigh the salt, so as to have it al ways uniform. You state that you want your cream in good condition. So do I; but I suspect we might materially differ as to what constitutes "good condition. In my article I stated that we take off tho cream while sweet, and churn it swe:t. Per haps you do as most farmers do, let tho milk stand till it is thick before the cream is taken off, and then let tho cream stand several days until a certain amount has accumulated for a churning. Now in such case your cream is spoiled for making good butter before it ever goes into the churn saltpeter wont save it. Now this is perhaps the first radical fault with the butter made an. one the generality of farm ers and sold to tho country stores. They let the cream stand too long before taking it off ttie milk, then let it stand too long before churning. Next they churn too much and afterwards they work too much, and thu but ter is spoiled beyond redemption. I agree with you that the buttri milk must to begot rid ot, hut it can be better aud easier clone than by so much woikiug. From jour description of your mode of do ing I conclude that you have no butter worker, that you take your butter out into a bowl and work it with a hand ladle, for at the close you say, "it seems to you that trying to wash but ter without Catherine it would be utterly im possible without having a strainer to run it through to fave the butter." From such a remark I would almost venture the opinion that you have never seen a butter woifccr and do not understand its use. it such is the case, you are laboring under diffi culties, and I will help you out. A butter woiker suitable tor a large dairy is simply a table about 30 inches wide and three and a half or four feet long, with the legs on one end about four inches shorter than the other. Now suppose two side strips, say three inches wide, nailed down on the face of the table, at upper or highest end out to the corners and tapering in a v shape to me loner emi, lew ing than, say six inches apart, a simple de- vice at the loner end holds a lever which is a little longer than the table; any liquid turned on the tame would run down to the lower end and, the side pieces I have described converg ing to near the center, would carry it all into a bucket or similar vessel placed underneath Any carpenter can make one, and it should not coat over three or four dollars. One large enough for three or four cows can be made out ol a uido boatd to set right on a common ta ble w hen in use, to cost not over a dollar. Now take your butter out on this table after churning as I have described; the mdk will run oil in a minute or two, then wash it with clear cold water until the water runs off clear, then salt evenly and put it away for twenty-four hours, the next day the second working and moulding is done on this table or worker. If you bate none, get one by all means. If your wife or daughter does this work, don't impose upon them any longer, but get at once suitable tools for the work, the cost is only a few bits, the saving in time and labor is considerable. The ancient Israelites when in Egyptian bondage were compelled to make brick with out straw, and it was considered a grievous burden. It is no less a burden Upon tho farm ers' wives to try to make good butter without suitable tools and conveniences. There will be sufficient drudgery about farm life after you have supplied all the labor saving appli ances. J. It KsArp. Portland, May 13, 18S2. Letter from I.lnn County. Tasokst, Linn Co., Or., May 15, 1882. Editor Willamette Farmer: Will you please announce to all who take an interest in the grange movement that there will be an open grange meeting at Tangent on the second Saturday in June (the 10th). The Worthy State Master, R. P. Boise, will be there and address the meeting on the princi ples and importance of the Order. Everybody i is invited to come and hear what the Judge has to siy on tho good of tho Order. If tin weather should be unfair we are well provided with shelter, and will try to make evi rybodv comfortable. All who wish to como and spend the day with us are invited to bring tt cir baskets of lunch along. Speaking will commence at 1 o'clock r M Patrous from a distance will bo provided for. Farmers are generally backward with their seeding in this couuty on account of continued net weather, yet everybody is nearly done, and will finish up in a tew day.'. There are several w ho have re-plowed and sowed the ground that they sowed last fall on account of its being eaten out by the wlid geese and ducks, which is quite a loss in seed and labor. Fall grain is now doing well, but tho yield will not be as good as usual, on account of the geese apd ducks, which have been unusually numerous, continually en pping the plant. The health of the people is generally good, The granga is proiperous and the member ship increasing. The Linn County G.mucil is doing a good work, and is becoming a power in tho land. They held an interesting meeting on Satur day, the 13th inst., at Saudridge Grange hall, with twelve granges well and ably re presented The sisters of Sa'idridge Grange were there, as usual, with a bountiful repast. May they live long to bless the land. JLorEii. Assessment and Unjust Taxation. Wilsosville, Clackamas Co., May 8. Editor Willamette Farmer: There has been considerable talk concern ing taxes and taxable property. The consti tution of our State provides for equal and uniform taxation; all that is transferable Bhould be taxed equal. Now allow me to say a word or two about the way in which the taxes are collected. It surprised me when I movol down from Marion county to Washing ton county to seo tho difference in the ruling and actions of the couuty officers. In Mai ion county, if there is an omission or a mistake made in our taxes, it was always promptly and gentlemanly corrected, but in Washing ton county it is altogether ditferent. I will just give you one instance to illustrate; what I say I know to be true .- At our J one elec tion, four years ago, Charles Tosier was elected Assessor of Washington county, And assessed the county, or pretended to, fir I for one was not assessed either year. The first year I sent my taxes to Hillsboro by ex press to the Sheriff, which was in accordance with Mr. Flippen's assessment the year pie viou, aud was received by tho Sheriir, Mr. Hale, all right. Tho next year Mr. Charles Tosier came down into our neighboihood and passed all around me witluu one miie ot my residence, but did not como to in-. He as sessed my land at S15, but nothing else. Sup posing he had done as he did the ear before. I sent the money to pay my tixes as I did tho year before, but Mr. Hale, the presout Sheriff alia nominee lor ro-eiectiou, nmiueu me mat I had not sent enough money; he said my in e'ebtedness was not allowed. I thought this was a curious way tor an Assessor to do. 1 sent a true list of my taxable property, sworn to before a Justice of the Peace, and sent it to the Sheriff, and requested lum.to lay it before the Couuty Commissioners for correction. In stead of laving it before the County Commis sioners, Sheriff Hale sent his deputy to my placo to levy ou my personal property to pay the taxes. I could then see what kind of man Mr. Hale was. I agreed with the deputy that I would sell the property myself and pay, rather than stand a suit at law. I suffered mvsclf to be swindled out of about $23 by Tosier and Hale. Mr. Hale's aim is to make all the money he po'sihly can out of the office, whether he pleases or not. Mr. Baker, I am told, was not allowed his indebtedness in Clackamas county. I paid Mr. Hedges, when lie was alien II ol Clackamas county, 540, when I should not have paid him more than $15; also, when Mr. Garott was Assessor of Clackamas county I was used just as bad. I laid it before the County ComiuSssioners, but they could not make any correction). I say allow every man his indebtedness, or allow none. I think the law is good enough. All we want is the officers to do their duty. Eight or ten years past Washington county was practising the same law that Mr. George Sears got to pass the Legislature at its last session, so you see that Washington county is ahead of the State in law making J. H. Feaster. Where If there a Good Opening for a Mill 7 Stoutsville, Ohio, April 20, 1882. Editor Willamette Farmer: I have just received a sample copy of your weekly paper. I have come to the conclusion that there would be a good opening in milling, I mean manufacturing flour in Oregon and Washington Territory; the wheat is of better quality than ours, and ) our crops are never a fa' lure to such an extent as ours. Our pros pect are good this year in some places; some wheat has been frozen; do not know what it will amount to j et in the southern part oi the Stat. Fruit will be a failure, except latu apples. Farmers have about all their plowing done, but have not commenced planting yet on account of the cold w eather. We have bad a very mild winter, our coldest weather was within nine degrees of zero. I will try and get on the subject I started on. Milling is my profession, with burrs or ruus; i preicr runs; it costs a little more to build a roller mill, but the eiDense to run the same is leas than burn of the same capaci-' POKTLAND, OREGON, FRIDAY, MAY ty. Your water facilities nro as good as need be, from what 1 can learn. Inclosed plenie bird S2 oO for vour farm journal. Youis respectfully. f RANK rOSTER. Coming to Oregon Osawatomie, Kns., April 20, 18S2. Editor Willamette Farmer: I had intended moving to Oregon this spring but our estate is as ct unsettled, and as I ex poet to have about two thousand dollars to take with me I have put it oft till next spring, when 1 think I can g-; however, I have sont two families this spring and others will go when I go; we intend t) go overland and have a good time generally. I want your parer to keop me posted in the stock and agricultural interests; I also want to find out where the Eastern junction of the N. P. K. K. that con nects with tho Villard system of roads at Ba ker City is located. I hope you can let me know in due time. I am so much interested in coast improvements that I am lost for want of thu Farmfr. e are having quite a cool and backward spring, with frequent storms and cyclones. The Mississippi River is on a boom again, and at last reports the water was up to within six inches of last spring's raise. Hoping to hear from you weekly, I remain as ever, respectfully, yours truly, Jos. F. Cook. What made the Asparagus Wither. Collins Ranch, March 3, 1882. Editor Willamette Farmer: I scud you specimen of our asparagus; can you tell your many readers w hat is the matter and give a renudy for the future. We have a plat that has yielded well for four or five y ars, was covered through the winter w ith barnyaid manure and removed early; you see the result. William uollins. In reply to the above we would say that the samples sent us were badly withered and showed an immature death. The first thought that came to our mind was that they had been killed by the frost, but upon mature re flection we have come to the conclusion that it was caused by unrotted manuie. There can be too much manure used, and in that event, if it is unrotted, the plants will bo "burned up. '' The frost will not touch as paragus much, after they havo reached ma' t'irity that is four or five years old. Your p'ants w ere "burned out" by too much and toi rich manure. Endorses Mr Cross' Artlclo on Grass. Cues well, Or., May 13, 1882, Editor Willamette Farmer : I feel under obligations to Mr. T. Cross to tell what 1 know about Velvet grass. Four years 'ago I sent fifty cents to him for seed, and he was kind enough to send me a bushel. Since then we liao sowed it on all kinds of laud, and consider it the beat grass for pas ture there is; the stock keep it fed clojo where there is plenty of other grass, and that is as good a sign as we want; and another a' vantage is, it will smother tho sorrel out en tirely. I sowed some last fall on overflowed land where the water stands nearly all win ter; it is a foot high now and formed a nico sod. e are going to sow eighty acres this fall it we can get seed enough. C. M. Morss, From Marlon County. Bittteville, May 11, 1882, Editor Willamette Farmer : We are about doue seeding in this section of tho country. The prospects thus far seem quite good. Quito an interest is being devel oped in hop raising in this part of the valley, quite a number of acres beiig planted this spring, x ours respectiuuy, J. W. Batciieller. Oregon State Orange. Obeoo.v Citv, April 26, 1882. Editor Willamette Fanner: The regular annual mooting of tho Oregon State Grange will be held at Salem on the fourth Tuesday in May (23d). Governor Thayer will deliver an address of welcome, and a response on the part of the Grange will be made by Judge C E. Moor. It. P. Boise, Master, N. W, Ranuall, Seo'y. ' PACIFIC UNIVERSITY. Commencement Week, June 4th 7th, 1(82. Sunday, June 4th, 11 a. m. Baccalaureate sermon, by Rev. Win. Roberts. Monday, June 5th, 8 i. M. Address, by Rev. J. A. Gray, FortUnd. Tuesday, June 6th, 8 v, u. Exercises of the Associate Alumni. Wednesday, June "th, 11 a. m. Com mencement fcxercises; i i'.M Alumni Dinner; 8 P. !., Reunion of Alumni Friends. The prospectus of the Educational ffcrahl, to be published by D, F. Stanley, of Mon mouth, Oregon, is before us. Ablo contribu tors have been obtained, and it will be the of ficial organ of the State and county superin tendents oi Oregon, Washington and Idaho Territories. There is a field for such a publi- tion. Mesquite beed can be obtained of Miller Bros. They have a choice lot left and will fell it in lots to suit purchasers. ' rvwwi rgrs " " '"' iu,1""' ''J1 Southern Oregon. Wo receive so many letters, says the Sen- linel, asking iufounatioii concerning this part of Oregon that wc find it most convenient to answer them in our columns. Our dcciiption of Jackson and Josephine counties can only bo general without going into minute details. Jackson county embraces nn area of tweuty eight hundred square miles; Josephine county about thirteen hundred, being jointly about three times as Jargo as the Stato of Rhodo Is land. Of this area thero Is about one-eighth only cultivable, the remainder being moun tainous and only valuable for grazing pur poses cr for gold mining. Tho climate varies according to altitud-. That of Rogue River valley, in Jackson county, lying 1,400 feet above the sea, being particularly gcuial and salubrious, snow larely falling mote than three or four inches in depth, and ice of greater thickness than half an inch being an exception. The same may be truthfully said of all the valleys of Josephino county. The rainfall is moderate, being a mean between me excissivo moisture of Northern Oregon and the drouth of Middle California, hut sufficient for crops of every description. Wheat, barley, oats and corn are the staple crops. On the rich bottom lands sixty bushels of wheat to the acre is not an extraordinary yield, while twenty bushels on any land is an inferior yield. Tho other cereals, as well as corn, yield exceedingly well. The fruits are apples, pears, plums, peaches, grapes, cherries, opricots and figs, all but the two latter being extensively cultivated, and with the exception of an occa sional season when a late frost injures fruit, all bear abundantly. Improved farms cm bo purchased at from eight to thirty five A liars per acre, according to character of improve ment and locality. A few locations may still be found where small tracts of government land may be secured, sufficiently large for those who contemplate fruit laisfng, which is destined to become one of our most important interests. Timber of the finest quality is very abundant, fir, yellow pine, sugar pine, black and white oak, ash, laurel and maple being tho most common varieties. Saw and grist mills are plenty, and are successfully man aied. A woolen factotv. located at Ashland produces fabrics of tho b03t tiuulity, and is continually adding to its capacity. Extensive experiments in the culture ot amber cane have been mtde, both in jacKson aim .loscpnino counties, during the past two years with very satisfactory results. The climate and soil aio found admirably suited to cano culture, nnd it is tafu to tn edict that with proper meel an ical appliances Bugar will bo made heio in largo quantities foi'expoit. Thero is a mod erate quantity of tho finest vine laud skirting Jtiigue Jliver volley inviting tillage, aim a eon Biderable quantity of delicious wine is maim factured aunuallv, nearly all of which is uou sinned at homo. For tertility, tho soil of Rogue River valley the largest compact body of land south ol tho Willamette is uu excelled, and for picturestiue beauty tho val ley has no rival ou this coast. Begiuu'ng in the angle ma lo bv the junction ol tho biski you mountains and tho Cascade range, tho valloy stretches northward and widens, before tho river is reached, into a beautiful expanse of grain fields, meadows and orchards, in tcisperscd with groves of oak and other tim ber. The vallev is highly cultivated and dotted with comfortable homes, but is capable of supporting three tunes the present popuia tion as many of the farms arc much too l'rjje lor the actual wants oi their owners ino mineral interest of this section is still quite mportant. Since 1852 it is estimated that over $30,000,000 in gold havo been mined out in Jackson and Josephine counties, aud there is a large and industrious population engaged in minim? and bcimr well remunerated. Iron. coal, copper, cinnabar and marble aro among our minerals, nut lor lacic i transportation little or no developments have licen made, The railroad, now being rapidly extended into tins county by tne urcgon anu cainoriiia Railroad Company, is to riach this valley within a twelvemonth, and its completion will open a market for our fine fruits and other products, aud give an impetus to every branch of industry. Nearly alt denominations of religion, except thu Episcopalian, are here represented, and the public schools ol south eru Oregon are enual to, aud, in some in stances, superior to thoso of inoBt agricultural sections of the country. Wo do not advise any person to come heie expecting a rapid foituue to accumulate without labor, but to sober, in dustnous people willing to work, we say come and share the rich'. 8t soil and the most healthful climate to bo found in Oregon, for there is room lor many more. Development of the Northwest Perhaps, no more beautiful and graphic de scription of the great Northwest was ever made than that ot Hon. M. C. George, of Ore gon, in the House of Representatives, last Tuesday. Mr. George was peculiarly happy in his reference to the fertility, resources and extent of that great country, which, he stated, embraced an area of 300,010 square miles, Oregou alone, according to Mr. Gtorge, is "equal to all New England, and two thirds of the Empire State thrown in. It is larger than the great Spates of New York and Pennsylvania combined, and is much larger than either Ohio and Pennsvlvauia. or In- diaoa and Illinois, laid sidu by side. Oregon is half as large as Old England, over six times as laige as Switzerland, about eight times the size of Holland, and nearly nine times as Urge s Belgium. Were Oregon settled as thickly as Ohio, our population would be over seven and one-half millions; or, as Pennsylvania, we would have ever eight and one-half mil lions; or New York, over ten millions; or 19, 1882. Switzerland, over thirteen millions; r France, about eighteen millions; or Holland, about twenty-sovcii millions; or our mother country, England, prooibiy over titty minions, or as many ns are now in all of tho United States of America.'' R sides a a ast extent of country, Oregon, says Mr. George, "has the three es sential conditions: first, a climato warm enough to ripen crops and secure the comfort of man and beast; second, a soil of natural fertility; and third and last, sufficient inois tuio to render tho soil productive." Mr. Gcorg elaborates as to these essentials, and shows a c.mntry Will "capable of furnishing sustenance and prosperous and happy hon.es for thu teeming millions of a future." Wc do not remember to havo seen a more graphic grouping of facts illustrative of tho resources and capabilities of any country than this of Mr. George, which is mule for the purpose of showing tho importance of improving the na tural water courses of that country. Certain ly Congress should be liberal in making appro priations for a country blessed with so many natuial advantages, and capable of sustaining so great a population. If tho people of Oregon do not get from Congress what they want in this respect, it will assuredly be no fault of their able and faithful Representative. Ex. Borne More of King County's Resources. The' wild, mountainous r. gion in the eastern part of this county, especially in the vicinity of Suoqualmie pass, is undoubtedly richer in undeveloped wealth and natural resources than any other part of tho Territory. Not only does the finest quality of fir and cedar timber, in vast quantities, grow along the streams and rivers ilowing westward from tho range, but near tne summit on tho western Blope, abound great mountains of thopurost iron ore to bo found in tho United States. Only a few hundred rods from this iron moun tain is located the marble beds that within five years will bo worked, and the marble slabs shipped to all parts of the world. This marble quarry is oi far more importatico than many people presume. The quarries produce a quality of marble, that from its peculiar na ture and variegated colors make it superior to anything of the kind found on the Pacific coast. The quantity is said to be inexhausti ble, and is comparatively easy of access. Limestone of a superior quality is also found in abundance out in the Suonualinio region. Last, but by no means tho least important, is tne more recently uisuove-reuMeposites ui an thracite coal. Thcso coal deposits, however, lie further to the Eist, and moro nearly upon tho summit than do the marble beds and iron mountains. Besides tho riches mentioned nearly every tquare foot of toiritory lying on tho eastern slope of the mountains, extciicliLg to within a stooii's throw of the city limits of Seattle, is positively known to overlie va.t fields of licli bituminous coal. In view ol these facts, aro we not justified in saying that King county is far richer in natural resources than any other section ot couutiy on tho la cific coast? These mines contain within them selves fabulous riches, nod their development will add millions of dullurs in hard com to the wealth of Seattle aud King couuty. The building of a railroad to and thromjli tho Sno nualmie pass will hasten their development. Until the road is built, this vast treasuro and wealth will lie dormant aud undeveloped. Bituminous cod, lumber, grain and products nru now being shipped from tho Sound, and the products of the exports are being utilized to still jurtnur iiiiituvouihi ueveiup vuu coun try but the early construction of a railroad and tho consentient development of the min eral wealth situated in the hnoqualinio pass of tne Uascado range, win bring to this county wealth, compared with whbli the fabulous tales of the California days of gold, will pale into insignitlcance. Seattle Uhrontcle. Bpraeue, W. T. The editor of tho Palouse Gazette lately vis itcd this place, and in an article to his paper, writes as follows: Last week we isitcd the town of Snraguc. and were surprised at the rapid strides it had made since our visit last fall. Few persons aie aware of the immense amount of work being done there at the present time. The machine shops of the Northern Pacific are among tho largest on tho coast. Tho dimensions of the various uuiiuuig. ui wiu company aru as ioi lows! Car shops, 75x225 feet; mauufactiiiing shops, 75x150; blacksmith shop, 50x120; boil er shop, 60x120; freight depot, 30x85; pas senser depot, 30xGO. All the shops aro fitted with the most approved tools and machinery of eveiy kind used in building and repairing railroad rolling stock. When tho shops are run to their full capacity, a very large force of skilled workmen win no employed, the round house at prescut contains twclvo stalls, and several more will soon be added. The headquarters' building, iu which will be tho offices of the superintendent and his assist ants, will be a magnificent and complete structure, and l now in process of construc tion, There are employed on these buildings over two nuuureu ineu, anu many more win soon be put to work. Some idea of the pro gress Snrague is making may lie forim d from the fact that town lots which four mouths ago could lie purchased lor irom sixty to seventy five dollars now sell readily for from four to fivu hundred. Numerous dwellings and busi ness houses are in course of erection, and more will be commenced as soon as lumber can be obtained. Ilarrliburg Orange. Notice is hereby given that the meeting rcalled for Saturday, the 20th lust., is post poned, and there will bo no meeting until the regular day, on the second Saturday in June, unless otherwise ordered. The reason for re calling the appointment of this mooting Is, that a picnic is to be held upon that day. and after consultation it was decided to give way to the picnic, Members will take notice and govern themselves accordingly. By order of EpCM ilOULT, W, M. NO. 14. PACIFIC NORTHWEST WHEAT. Probability cf Finding a Market In Minne sota. Walla Walla btatcsmnn. Follow ue is a copy of a rtcent lo'tcr from Mr. Henry J. Wins r, chief fit t!.o Northern Pacific bureau of immigration, to Mr. Villard! St. 1'AtiL, Minn , April 12. Mr. Pillsburv, of Minneapolis, called in to see mo this morning ami told mo something, which, 1 think, may interest you. lie said lie was now in r ceipt of oilers from San Francis co w heat dealers to deliver No. 1 grade Cali fornia w heat at Minnea; oils for 51 37 to SI 38 per bushel; but unfortunately tho California wheat was not adapted to his purpose He pys now $1 45 for "No. 1 hard' Dakota wheat Mr. P. said that thero was no doubt after you got the Northern Pacifio through, that you can deliver Oregon, Washington and Idaho win at at Minneapolis at remunerative rates. You may remember that Mr. P. brought home with him soino SDOjimens of Oregon and Washington wheat which turned to be very good, aud winch, tie says, may be mixed to advantage with Dakota wheat in manufacturing the patent process flour. He thinks a perfect wheat could bo procured in Oregon, etc., if tho farmi rs would be careful in selecting their seed, and that the time will certainly come when Minneapolis will use a great deal of Pacific Northwest wheat. Yours sincoreiv, Uknuy Winskr. IMPORTANT N0TIC To Settle on Public Lands, who havo Made nnai rrooi on tneir uiairus. Patents for Donation Certificates from No. 1 to No. 5,235 inclusive. Homestead Receipts from No. 1 to 1,31)9 inclusive, Pre-emption claims and cash receipts No. 1 to 1,770 inclu sive, with tho oxception of a few numbers in each class of the above named claims, have been issued and transmitted to tho United States Land Olfice, On. gon City, for delivery to the claimants. Any holder ol a certificate or receipt corresponding with the above num bers, who has not already received his patent, can procure it by forwardiug the certificate or receipt to the Laud Office at Oregon City with his or her name aud address. No fee required for delivery of patent. Exchanges please copy. Clarke County, W. T Agricultural Society. The following is the progrummo of the Clarke County Agricultuial and Mtchanical Society, which will conic off tit tho grounds near Vancouver, commencing .Inly 27th and continuing three days : July 27th Trotting, best 3 in 5, for 2:30 horses, Deiign not barred, puro!jl00; 225 to lt, 8 1 'Ai to socond, ?."i() lo third. Sitine day, iiiii.ing 1J mllu l.ish, purse S'WO; 4250 to first, JwOtn se.'oud. July 28th, trotting 3 in 5, for 2:38 class; nursu $100; $225 to Hint, f 125 to socond uud $50 to child. S.uno day mile handicap, ptirso $230; ?200 to first, S.10 to second July 2'Wi 3 ycu-old trotting, 3 in 5; puiso $10U; S'-'2" to fiist, $125 to 'second, $30 1 1 third. Same day - Running, one mile and rcpoat, pin so S.'.IO; $200 to first, $50 to beunnd. All the above laces will start at 2 and 4 o'clock on c ich day. All eutii's for the above races, except handle ip, to clnsuoti Junu 17, 1882. Fivu pi r I'i'iit. of the pursu must acoonipany the entries thu balance of 6 per cent, to bo puul ut 12 o'clock thu day bcloie thu race. Entries for mile handicap will closo at 1 J o'clock noon Juno 10, 18S2, 5 per cent, to accompany nomination, and 0 pur cut. when the weights aro accepted. All entries to be in soiled envelopes. Three pr cent, entries to be made and 3 to start. 8. W. BltoWN, President. R. Rouii, Secretary. The Umatilla Reccrvallon. Thu reservation was not established by tieaty, as has been seen, nor does it appear that it was established iu fulfillment of any treaty, stipulation r agreement with any tribe or tribes of Indians; nevertheless, in view of the fact that it was s-.t apart for the uco and benefit of certain Indians, many of whom have never been induced to occupy it, owing to prejudices against thu lands in respect to Ucality and certain tribal jtalousiea known to exist, it has been the aim of this bureau to make such disposition of the reser vation as will enable the department to mate rially assist the Indians in establishing them selves upon other reservations or lauds else where iu agricultural pursuits. The reservation is situated in Eastern Ore gon, and contains 2,770 square miles, or 1,778,500 acres, of which it is estimated that 12,000 acres are tillable. From thu above it will be scin that persons who desire this teseivatiou thrown open ta settlement under the pre-emption aud home stead laws will bo disappointed, unless Con gnss should legislate on the uhjcct, which it is not very likely to do, the Jiidmn Depart ment being hostile to it. Crops In Bpokan County. From dlicial reports and other reliable sources of information, vvu find that there were 32,210 acres cultivated in this county last sea son. About 211,000 acres weie sown wi h wheat, 5,000 with oata, kmI the balance, 2,215 with barley and other ctrcats. Wo are satis lied that it is u low estimate to t.iy that tho increase this year will be M) per cent., and it is probable that thu proKrtion of grains sown win ue thu same as last icasoii. ooiuo oi our informants think the increase will be 00 to 100 per cent, ChronUU. ,rfCv