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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 20, 1882)
''-.J' Tf'Mt '- Klf-yt nn Wfi mr KV 4 ' Ireued CTery Weak by t 'WILLAMETTE FARMER rCBLWiniHJ Ct. TEItMS OF BUB3CRIPTIOH Me year, (Fostaffe paid) In uvancc. . . I .M tu months, (IVwUzepaH), la advance. l.a Jltt thn ( month" will bo, pr month ADVEliI.HINQ JUTES : AaTertUementswIll bo Inserted, proriansrtn aw Mtaaetablo, at the following table of rates r Am Inch of space per month...... jt.o nree Inches of space per month J.OT One-hall column per month W.oo 9e column per month -"""i jerSunple copies lent free on application. Publication Olliec: No. Watajto Street. 1P -tain, rooms No. 5 and M KISSING COPIES OF THE WILLAMETTE FAK MER WANTED. Wo have lost or mislaid the flies of the fol lowing issues of tho Fakmfk, and anyono haying files containing Hie following date, irill confer a favor by lotting us know. The -Ott issues aro as follows : May 24 itfnl 28, J880j Juno 10, 1880; and Juno 10, 1881. We will pay a fair price for any or nil of these issues. Any one having them will pleaso let us know. Alt ABOUT HONEY. For two years past wo have been trying t5 get our business as near as possible upon it cash basis, anil probably would have entirely suo oeeded, only that times havo bocn, hard aral money scarce. In 1879 we had rust; iu 1880 wheat hadnoprice to pay thofarmers.irnd even the present year has not seen farmers as pros erons as we conld wish. So when wo realized that money was hard to Ret, we tried to ac commodate all old subscribers who requested it, and in fact all who were behirul, and the const quenco has bocn tho greatest trouble and anxiety to do business, ou our part. Our bills re all cash, and how then, without any great margin to go on, can wo wait for years on our subscribers! Let nil sensible men consider low wo havo struggled theso year, let thou sands of dollars stand, sacrificing pioptrty, laboring hard to earn money, and managing, of course, to run in debt considerably, finch wm tho caso this Will, and as we had to have means to meet our obligations, and had abund ance duo us, we made domandB on subscribers in arrears, and are pleased to say that many have responded and holpcd us to what they owed. Others have been indignant. Wo hare a curious sort of want of respect for just ort of indignation. Wo narrate these facts to let tho people see, who owe us, that wo have Buffered extremely for want of money to Ms Sn conducting business to advantage. We expect all who can do so to pay in ad vance, and shall notify them when their tune spires and request renewal. In case nny old .jnbecrihors should liko to bo favored, wc aro willing to givo such reasonable time, bntthoso abould only be exceptional cases, and all friends of tho paper should cheerfully pay promptly in advance, We havo madu many sacrifices to sustain th.li paper, but that has grown tiresomo and W are no longer young and hopeful. The country is prosperous in the main, and rap idly increasing in people and wealth. We will make all tho nowepapcr tho peoplo will pay for, and tho pay part is so necessary, that when thousands owe us money for a year's hack subscription as was thocaso last Full it makes times tathcr blue for a publisher. We aro stopping somo papers and notifying others that thoy must pay or wo will stop them. It is a mere business necessity to have the money, and no man has tho least cause to take offense when ho ask for our dues. Wo haven't aid anything for a long tune abont this sub ject, but it seems advisable to have a little plain talk just at this time, and we have given it. This is Now Year'B time and a time when we expect a general liquidation. RAILROAD COMBINATION. The New York Time has a lengthy edito rial devoted to the project of tho Southern Pacific railroad to carry wheat from Calilornia to New Orleans, or Oalvestou, and pronounces it impracticable. If it is not practicable to carry wheat from California to the Gulf of Mexico, and ship from there to Europe, it is much less a practicable featuro to take Ore gon wheat six hundred miles further, tho aame rotito, but reports aro current that the California railroad men have, some of them, been to Otrmauy and havu forstallcd Mr. Vil 4ard with the Germans who own tho Oregon and California road, and havo arranged to havo connection completed and to have our road work in harmony with tho Central and South ern Paoitio roads lather than with Villard. This may not bo truo, but again, it is very reasonable that tho Central l'acilio should took to Oregon for business, and that the ante men, owning tho Southern l'acilio also, hould wish to take our wheat to tho Gulf, if they seriously intend establishing such a trade. Tho editor of the Fakmkh a year ago published a letter, direct from ex-Oov. Stan ford to him, antciing inquiry as to the re port that they intended to transport our w heat to the Gulf, and he ausuered that the South era l'acilio road ai greatly built with that end in view. At to the Timet editorial, Mo are more dis poned to put faith in the experience of theso railroad nun, and their plain intentions, han ia the opinions of any newspaper. As to the report that lliiutingtou and Stanford aro ob taining control of the Oregon and California road, through agreement with the Germane, it it not at all unreasonable that they should do to, and if they do to, it U evidently with the intention to transport Oregon wheat to the Gulf of Mexico via the Southern Pacific. We lately noticed a statement that Stan ford had beu t New Orleans and arranged to build a railroad from there, due east, to a port ou the Gulf, or a bay of it, only 23 miles from New Orleans, at which deep tea veuelt could bo easily handled. This place is to bo provided with wharves and warehouses and made a flipping point, And if such a sea port can be located that near New Orleans, it is much more feasible to connect it with rail roads, ass deep-water terminus, than to bring oefcan tonnage to New Orleans by tho devious route of the lower Mississippi. Tho introduction of the Central Pacific in terests to, Oregon would disturb Portland, as it would tend to take trade to San Francisco, but it woukl benefit tho country in several I way, because in various ways it would make competition possible, and that is wh fanners say tlrcy want. The vote of tho oonntry wouhl no doubt bo overwhelming in favor of competition, even if the pcsligc,of Portland suffered by it. ' While wo do not dare attach too much im portance to aril-rent rumors, et tho question vhether Villard or tho Central Pacific inter est shall control the Willamette Valley roads, and connection with California, is interesting and very important to this part of the State. What Villard docs control, no doubt, is the narrow gauge system of flib valley, and steamboats and locks on the Willamettp. If tho rumor provos true, wo may expect to see the narrow gauge system completed to Port land, ai Wm. Keid p'anned it, and then com petition of on interesting nature may be ex pected'. THE-TONNAOE SUPPLY. TitF. Biijish ship Bcccrot which cleared at tho Astoria custom house December Cth, went to cia yesterday. l''or moro than forty days slio Jay idly at anchor, waiting for a chance to cross out. Owing to her deep draught 21 feet 0 inches it was necessary to await the favor of the wind and tide, ami several times during the past forty days it would have been impossible for lur to have gone to sea: but these occasions havu been comparatively brief. If there had been at Astoria a tug boat of suf ficient Bim and power to hamllo large ship?, tho llcccroft could havo gone out promptly and would to-day be two thousand miles mi her way to Kurope. Tho commerce of the Columbia river has endured an outiageons jfime of greed long enough. Oi'iyonimi. The above shows a truo state of facts We 'stated last week that twenty-four ships, loaded with whe.it, ero lying at Astoria or Baker's Bay, waiting a chance to go cut, and some had been there a month or more. A good tng boat, or to of them, Would icmedy much of this evil. No doubt tho bar needs w oil; done to improvo tho channels, but the want of good, serviceable tugs, is beyond question Tho fact, stares us in the face that while wo havo insufficient tug service, tho man who owns tho inefficient tugs has got to bo a mil lionaire. The competition of lailroads to Puget Sound will bo apt to solvo a problem that Portland, Astoria and Captain Flavelare waiting to havo worked out. WE SHOW A REMEDY. West Union, Or., Jan. 17, 1882. Editor Willamette Fanner: I have b'een a subscriber to tho Farmer for many years, and hive had many benefits from it; I have got the hist market reports from it, together with much good advice, but you do not speak loud enough for us I mean farmers and working men. It appears that the class of men that produce tho most gets tho least; there must bo something iu the! way, and we want to remove tnat something. It there is an evil weed ill our ground, we must go down to the bottom ot tho loots and dig it oat. Our taxes are petting higher every year; labor and produce lower; monopolies and corporations are closing in upon us. What aro wo to do f Shall we, who boast of freedom, submit to tho present white slavery, or shall wo ask our editors to speak for us? Tho root of evil has carried away our lcgisla latpre, as wo verily believe, and own tho ablest editors both soul and body. Wo think it is now timu that wo sot up business for oursolvcs. Mr. Kilito-, wo do not hold you accountable for theso evils, but wo wish you to show to the citizens a remedy, as does tho Iowa Stale Tribune, and a few others that dare como out on tho fair and square princi ple, and resolutely keep her laws, not caring for consequences. The people of this country tried the party called Independent, but it was taken posses sion of by demagogues and went to naught. Tho Granges were tried, and that has also fallen into the hands of its enemies, because of its leaders working in tho direction of the largest money profits, and where they get ten dollars from othct business to where thoy get oiio from the farm. lawyers, merchants, railroad speculators and saloon keepers, with a few thin-soil farmers, that can bo led by a fow sharks as easy as an ox to the slaughter (I allude to our own county), liko tho serpent that had its head cut otT in the morning, and was wriggling its tail in the evening, but had not enough tense to know that it was dead. I have not written one-third as much as I wish to, but will stop till a more convenient 80,18011. S. A. IIOl.OOMl). it OITK XXTLY. Not long since wo showed in this paper.in an editorial, that one-halt the people of tho United States were farmers, and that success of production, aud the profits made by pro ducers, mako the groundwork for public prosperity; and, therefore, the producer has for allies tho merchant, mechanic, laborer, professional men and all thnte, in fact, who are interested in a healthy prosperity. All the foes he cm havo are the speculators and corporations, who make unreasonable profit by handling product. Of course, this com parativelysmall class, having immense wealth, can use it to hup up political wire-werkers, and to corrupt politics and legislation; and the people they buy tip are always intriguing aud unscrupulous, but after all they form but a cry smalt proportion of the great mass of humanity and citiienship. The great majority has only to understand itself, and work un derstanding!) and harmoniously, to secure either the ownership of railroad line by the government and their operation for the bene fit of all alil'e, or to secure fair legislation that will put a guard ou all encroachment ou public right, and secure transportation on WILLAMETTE PARMER: PORTLAND, OKEGON, JANUARY terms that will give produoers and consumers all the benefits they can reasonably demand, i If there is not virtue enough in the Ameri can people to enable therrn to defend their un doubted rights against a very few speculators, then "whito slavery" is all there is left for thejm, and all they deserve. It looks very much as if the political panties owned ttie people, njid the corporations own the parties. What wo need is Independent thought and action both in politics and tyade. The1 very men ho haven't enough sense and ipdopendence to emancipate themselves from political thraldom and their own igner ancc, get together to denounce the FAiiMun, sometimes, becauno freight is high and wheat is not -a dollar a bushel. They also shout "anti monopoly" tintHthcy arc hoarse, and then tro to the polos and voto for whoever their political ring puts up. They should ex ercise independence and comsnon souse by re fusing to sustain men for office they don't Irnoin to be honest and capable, and also by combining and ce-opcratiag, both in politics and trade, to secure their own interest?. Co operation of farmers in California and Oregon could have pulled freights down to a fair rate Idirg ago; independence of party will secure legislation that will protect produotioti all it doserves. A great many farmers want to be monopo lists themselves, apparently. They wish to force every body to work for them, to invent and manufacture for them, and live on bread and water while they do it, ond at the same time to pay a fancy price for all (arm pro ducts. Thcro is too much ignorance anion? farmers wc moan, of course, those wJio do not take tho Wiilamette Farmer. What we used is that all should study and read caiefully to inform themselves as to whit their labor is worth, and what other men's labor ia worth. We believe the Grange to be the best medium for pioper education and for elevating and enlightening tho producers of tho world. "Live and let live" is a golden rule. Our correspondent has good view s, and wo hope he and others won't bo cither dis gusted or astonished w hen we sum up our re ply by saying : The farmers need only to co operate and work together intelligently and harmoniously to run tho world as they please. Cutter Making. East Portland, Jan. 11, 1882. Editor Willamctto Farmer : Although we are not in the butter business on a ery large scale, I do not know that it would bo amiss for mo to make a few remarks on this subject. Our number of cows are but two, and yet I mako moro butter than many would from one or two more. Perhaps, with ordinary treatment, that is such as cows here generally receive, ours would not be consid ered No. 1, but with our mode of caring for and feeding them we make about fifteen pounds of butter a week, besides which we use three or four quarts of milk a day. Here tofore wc usually had customers, and some time tho neighbors would take all the butter and milk we could spare, but since last Fall we take it to Mr. J. B. Knapp & Co. We think it less trouble to take all to one place, and it pays ns better; bcldcsi' this firm deals largely in this article, and has shown a gret interest in endeavoring to get as sweet and puro butter, and in as fine condition as possi ble. They prefer having it done up in two pound rolls, which makes it easier to pack, and, when neatly done, presents a fine ap pearance It had been my custom to print in one pound bales, nnd when I undertook to make tho rolls it came very awkward to me. Mr. Knapp showed mo some of his which showed theie was something lacking,. I have a great deal of conceit, perhaps moro than is necessary, and I don t think he suc ceeded in taking much out of m3, and yet I could see his was in better shape than mine. Mr Khapp did not look cross and tell me he could not sell my butter, he did quite the contrary. One Friday morning, when I was about to prepare my butter to take away on Saturday, ho put in his appearance, went to work and worked, tempered And moulded my butter for me all nicely, and gave me instruc tions regarding my cream and butter, how tj make it look nico and palatable. I do not pretend to be perfect yet, but hope I may so continue to improve that- he may feel fully recompensed for his trouble. Mr. Knapp has about 200 pounds sent him every week from his farm, aud says ho would like, if possible, to visit every one who sends him butter, so anxious is he to havo it in good condition and appear ifcell when put upon tho market. It certainly speaks well for him, and if ho con tinues iu bu siuces I think the people of Port land will bo able to realize a fact not known to them before that J. 11. Knapp & Co. are prepared to furnish them with butter equal to California or any other State. I will close my remarks on this subject for the present, and Iwg leave to offer a fow suggestions in re tard to this firm which may benefit some of our patrons who live at a distance. I suppose all of them have read their advertisement in your paper, but perhaps never gave it much thought. Mr. J. B. Knapp came here at an early day, aud I suppose is well known in his immediato vicinity as being an honest and re liable person. Since he has become our agent many varieties of ' product have passed through his hands to be told or shipped. In most cases the returns were expressed as bet ter than expected. It it true, our business in this line hat not met with much success, owing to bad management. Heretofore those those who took it in charge were either too grasping, from self motives and lack of en ergy; but I believe, through the patronage of the P. of II., the present firm can bo made just what we want, aud feel safe in recom mending them to the public generally. Yours respectfully, Mr. K. J. Price. From LtwUrUle, Polk County. There hat been very little Fall anil. Winter wheat toxin in this section of Polk county, and very little plowing dining this Winter. Wo will haie to make a grand rush iu tho Spring if we get iu at much as there was sown last year. Your fraternally, 11. F. Smith. Climate and Capabilities of ru Bquno. The rost-IntellUrencer, As I have not been nearly tire years a resi dent of this Territory, I will, with yor per mission, give a general synopsis of its miner alegy during said period, together with some Observations relativo to other matters o in tirest. For the bonefit of new comers, and those intending to coine, I would say, here on Puget Sound, exists a climate rarely equaled, and perhaps not excelled, ia any part of the world. Its cool, bracing air in Summer, and its mild, pleasant Winters, together with its lovely scenery, combine to render it an earth- fly paradise. Daring the past lour ana a hall years the tnermomctcr nas uuij u" """"" 01 degrees in Stitnnur, or fallen below 14 de grees above ztro in Winter and that cne day only. In Summer the range of thermometer is much greater th.iti iu Winter. As.no mat ter how warm the dajs may be, the nights aio always cool and refreshing, the m' rcury gen erally Jails to about 50 degree at night. While in Winter it rauges mostly fiom 33 f 45 rUfcrreea. and often as hich as U devices, The rainfall nveracres from 50 to 31 inches per annum. Another tcatuae that adds greatly to J tho pleasure of a residence here, is its ttceilom from winds and storms, both in Summer and Winter. Alsn beautiful flowers blooming in tho open air, at almost all seasons of the year; the groutxl seldom being frozen deep enpugh to destroy the most tender tubers. This seems to be the natural home of the. itaveral graisis, timothy and clover, of which there aro some eight or nine varieties. The grass, Mesquit, Blue Grass, Red Top, etc., all grow remarkably well, and remain green tho year around. This latter fact, together with the mild and regular temperature, com bine ro render this one of the finest of dairy ing region?. Another fact that seems to have been over looked is the sandy uplands, with a little manure, become very productive of both fruits and vegetables, and the vegetables, especially potatoes, thus raised, are qiite superior in quality to those raised on the bottoms, or tide lands. Fruits grow on the uplands remarkably well, as have been fully tested on my place during the past two yews. Last Spring, two years since, we planted an orchard ot two-year-old trees, and this year had quite a lot of apples, pears, plains, prunes and cherries. Of the latter, we had fruit on tiees raised from seed planted three years since. Fiom one-eleventh of an acre in strawber ries wc picked the past season 252 gallons, many of the specimens measuring six inches around and maikcted tftcm at COe per gallon. All other fiuits have done equally well with 119. While in California I tried poultty raising, but had pocr success; my fowls contracted a variety ot diseases and they died amid all the care and attention I could give them. Here I have tried again, and so far, havo succeeded admirably. My fowls (White Leg horns) are healthy and very productive. Jan uary 1, 1880, I had 87 liens. These laid dur ing tho year 012 dozen eggs. The net profit over cost of feed w as 137. I began January 1st, 1881, with 100 hens. These have laid to date (December 17th) 1049 dozen eggs, and from the sales I have realized $283. The cost of feed during said period was SOu. Now, as to preference of localities I would say, having tried West Virginia, Pennsylvania, ' Illinois, Kansas and California, that I am bet ter satisfied so far, right here, and have been more prosperous in tiie same space of time, than I was in any of the above named States. Here we expect to stay and terminate our days. R. M. Homunso.n. Port Blakely, W. T. Mixed Husbandry. The great impottance of mixed husbandry is not yet felt in Eastern Oregon and Washing ton as it will be a few years hence. Now w heat raising and stock are the great staples of production. The virgin soils, clear of foul plants, bring forth fabulous crops of grain with small labor or tillage. And stock have roamed over the vast grassy plains Winter and Summer, lit and sleek, without care, ex cept to work or brand. It was supposed by many that the bunch grass in this empire of rango would never be eaten out, or fail. But flike the Umpqua valley and the Willamette valley, signs of failure are seen in many dis tricts where stock animals have continuously ranged for twelve or fifteen years past. The opening up of the vast districts of bunch grass landt to cultivation by the running of rail rqadt through them, is the signal of a new era iu productions there. Millions of acres of these lands will soon be planted in grain. To that extent stock growing will decrease at least so far as the wild bunch grass is con cerned. On the declivities and rocky districts, not suitable for tillage, stock will still ruu in limited numbers. This is all for the best. A larce number of men came to the bunch crass country to make their pile easily, but not to settlo down to rural life. Like the children of Israel, they wander with their flocks and herds. Soon this vast.wheat empire will be settled up with prominent citizens. Stock raising will be limited, and farming will be the great business. Instead of grubbing and clearing olf timber lands as in other districts on this coast, the God of Nature has Bpread out ready cleared lauds of great richness and fertility, millions of acres. The great railroad systems now operating in all the vast bunch grass lands are opening to the outside world the immense tonnage of human food, and these people will be in direct communication with the great Eastern and Western nations of the earth. These settlers will be permanent, and the country will bloom and blossom as tho rose. But no nation can be permanently rich and prosperous that depend mostly on exporting their grain. The rich prairies of Illinois, Iowa and Willamette and Umpqua valleys were supposed to be inexhaustless in wheat prodnc tiou. They were run continuously in wheat or other gain, and now their yield has gone down to less than one-half of former yields. If the farmers in this vast rich bunch grass country will in due time resort to mixed bus bandry and rotation in crops, they will reap the benefit thereof. There are numerous articles of production that can be raised in abundance and perfec tion iu this large country, which, if properly put up for home and foreign use, will save the importation ot such articles into our country, ana thereby keep that amount of money at home, while at the same time the lauds would recuperatefor'future wheat crops. Canned articlta in immense quantities can be put up for market at home and abroad. There are plums, prunes, pears, sweet corn, tomatoes, strawberries and blackberries, apple preserves aral jellies. Potatoes in vast quantities can be dried on the apple driers and made into pota to meal and canued up and stnt to foreign lauds, and when opened out, can be prepared by the cooks in fif'cen minutes for us nn H,- table, and are as freah a if just taken front the groumi. au.ntuer lauoweu lands iu corn, Kiuahca. ttttne. turuiis, cabbaee. . beans, Letts aud melons are not the least im- Kiverithed by such crops, but will yield a rgcr crop of wheat the next year. Such 20,' 1882. I ..i . ...... !,. lns every fourth vegetao e --.-. - .-- - de crea'c in the crops. A limited amount oi sucep snuum u upoa every farmer's ranch as scavengers to "it up the growth of words that will spring up ,011 tho prame ianu. . " fj . LnJ rvn mwtl in MaV oraffC crop n mcee iuuuo j -" ,: -, or June, .1 ,tnred in all the Fall and Winter months. This w ill continue green as long as it can. ot head out Vast quantities of dried nipples, plums and pcatt (Wild bo mad., and shipped from t' tc districts. When all thec vtit fertile dutnets ehall become well sctHcd up by farmers, girdeneta and ffuit raisers, tt.e l uh.ig upon i"; - roads will be-iucicavi twenty tolil ncyonii Then tonnage will be reduced to less than one-half of what it is m.w, on the cars and shin. Vast wealth and pmu1.V.ion wil. bo in all these fertile districts. And thus the owneis of the railroruls and r.h.ps, and the majscs of tho par pie, ill be rccipr.catcly benefitted. irntfct H'rirVii Sttttemmi. Whatcom County, W. T. Tho mainland p tf on of Whatcom county cqnsiit. of to parts, tho valley of tho Skagit and part of tho valley of the Frjscr. Theso two imrts arc tNi idtxl by a spur of tho Cas cades, whioli reach salt water at Bcllingbam Bfly. If we adopt the theory that at one time tho sea reached the baso of the mountain lange, then all tho Iot lands in this count' south of the Chuckaunt spur of njomtllns lave been formed ky the deposits of tho Ska git river, while the Uble lands north of it have been.formed by the Fraser. The valley of the Fraser, lying between tne mounuuui and saltwater, and extending from Belling ham Hay to Bn.rard Inlet, is somouhat in the form ot a scnii-circlo and contains about a thousand square miles of agricultural 'land, about three hundred of which In trie form of an acute angled triangle lay south of our na tional boundary line and forms part of What com county. Through this triangle run the waters of the Nootaack or Lummi river, hav ing two mouths, one of which empties into Bellingham Bay, the other into the Gulf of, Georgia. Between ajid adjoining these two mouths aro several thousand acres of marsh land, mo of which are overflowed by high freshets, but all of which cun be reclaimed and prepared for agriculture, bat as most of those lands are wiithin ai Indian leservatiou, nothing has yet been done to reclaim them. This portion of nur county between Belling ham Bay and the 49th parallel is almost all a dm,o forest, but it is a forest which will some day be t.ansformcd into some of the pleas antest homes in North America. It is all rich1 agricultutal land, and, when once clcaied of timber, will make valuable farms. It is table laud along tho shore averaging about 40 feet above the level of the sea and is almost all level. The soil mainly consists of a rich brown loam resting on heavy clay, which in some places necessitates much draining. Every do-cription of fruit, vegetables or grain, inci dent to this climate aud latitude, grows to perfection here, and unlike some portions of the States, we can always depend upon a good crop, if we plant or sow goo,d seed, and give it a good show. The whole ot this tract is wen waiereu witn sm-inra and small streams of mountain water. and everywhere good water can be found by digging a well from 10 to 40 ieet. oomo oi me nnest umuer in tne xerruury can be found near the Headwaters ot tne Nootsack river; and some of the finest open ings for manufacturing every description of woouworK can ue louna nere. aoout three miles back from Bellingham Bay is a lake about 12 miles long averaging two miles ide, jj partly surrounueu uy tne mountains. j.nis lake is 300 feet above the level of the bay ; it has but one outlet which empties into tho bay at the town of Whatcom. Ihis outlet, which is called Whatcom creek, falls 200 feet within a mile oi the lake, forming about a dozen good mill sites. It then meanders through almost dead level ground for about two miles when it has another fall about a quarter of a mile from the nay ami another oi nearly 40 teet close to the bay. On this creek every description ot inauufacturing could be carried on. Post Intelliyencer. Bar's New Flouring Kill. We weie enabled one day during the week to give this worthy institution a thorough in spection, for the firsts time since the mills rwcre set in motion. According to our humble judgment, all the praise and commendations which we had heard from others who had preceded us in their visits were amply sus tained. The mills are certainly a credit to their owner, to the mechauics who constructed them, as well as an ornament and a beuefi cent enterprise to the community in which they are situated. Mr. Sax kindly snowed us through the various apartments. "From turret to foundation stone everything glis tens in nswncss anu neatness, me building is four stories in height, enclosed with hiavy, substantial brick walls, built upon a massive stone foundation. For convenience of arrange ment it is a model. The machinery is of the latest improved patterns, brought directly from an Eastern factory. One of the famnm George T. Miller purifiers occupies the upper oiuiy, unit i u curiosity in tne way ot compli cated mechanism and ingenuity, as are also the mammoth bolting compartments which extend on down to the floor of the third story. Four sets of burrs are fixed upon brick piera which are ouill up irom the solid ground, giving each an independent founda tion and relieving the building of the jar, whicn a millstone in motion usuallv nm,ln. This substantial feature is characteristic of the arrangement of the structure and its ap purtenances throughout. The result is that all the machinery, from the great ponderous driving wheels to tho tinie3t little spindle shaft, runt with the utmost smoothnxa .! regulanty. In all the work, which brought this monument of ingenuity together, is the evidence of a master mechanic. Mr. William Kirpatnck was the millwright, and it is but justice to credit him with baring placed into Sosjtion at McMinnville one of tlie finest ounng mills in the State of Oregon. Reporter. Products of Northern Idaho. Mr. Barringer, of Crystal Valley, in the Cow Creek country, called and left with us on Tuesday, a few heads of timothy hay raised on his ranch last season j the heads are eleven iuches long, the stalks six feet high, and the Eroduct was over four tont to the acre. Mr amnger also raised last year 200 bushels of oats to the acre by actual measurement from some imported teed of the White Russian va riety ; his yield of flax averaged 21 bushels to the acre, and it may inteiest our readers in !" &uf,t0 know that he arrived here from hcypt in SonUiern Illinois four vears aeo with a family of six children and 519.85 in cash; to day he has a title to 320 acres of the best land in the world, 100 acres of which i. under &ft' t. V" Ulll,er cultivation and , u...w.i , u iu uu granary. If there ia a country, that offers wore or better i.E " wore or better induce ments this aide of than Northern Idaho, we thould likeo see it PmilV Ia .. Nevada and Oregon Railroad. rri.. n.. .TWrun? nf Den. 31 - . a ins ! - - "ja . i0la engine, cars and rolling stock, ties and aUf other property of a personal nature belonging ! to the Nevada and Oregon Railroad, or Thee,! Moore, contractor, was attached by Mannint It Merry yesteruny, m buhoij timm oi nearly S20.090, of which about 13,000 is due Man ning & Berry, and the remainder claims ol . 1, t, I7..1.A n.,.1 nil. V lj. A. uraiig, liciiij ivunu wm, uwiurs. fj-l Moore has been disappointed in raising the mney in New York. Moron, tho banker refuses to advance any more money on tfaaf bonds until the rails are actually laid a sufli. cieut distance to indemnify him, but their ! Incnus uencve niai, .uuuiu . uaicti will shortly get enouyu muuuj- n, pay bu neht. ; anu gu uut:ttu ", wi, aiioore it I expected in iwuv in u.t uuja, jucanniiiie, E Ull U H. Wl V iwim -,v um ij'Wallt.11, The Lakcview Examiner says : From Geo R. Hamersley, who recently returnaj from Reno, we learn that tho Nevada and Oregon Railroad is graded out to the Junction, and that there are twenty-two miles of track laid and iu running order. Ho says that Reno people me uwpocu .u ou, i,iiu mea mat tbs Central Pacific proposes to build a road from Wailsworth to Tho Dalles by way of Goosi lake, though there aro good grounds for be lieving wi'!- ouuii w mw lutuiiiiuu oi tne u. p folks. He says tlrat in tho event of the road boing started from Wadsworth theie will be amnio capital to push tho road fast ennnnti t- reach the Oregon line much sooner than the N. & O. can, and it is the universal opinion that if that road is started in earnest, the Ne vada and Oregon will branch off into I'lumu county, anu aoanuou tno project ot coming to ureguii. iiiwuujctuvu point oi tne pro posed roau irom tvoiiswoitn will be Tht l.'Ollts, aim, ii cuiniiieiicuu, it will Do built M fast as men and money can do the work. Ventnor. - A correspondent of the Cheney Tribuiu writing from the scene of operation, on Pta ' d'Oiielle Lake, says : "Ventnor is the depot i for distributing supplies ot all kinds by the steamer Villard, Tho town contains several stores, numerous saloon, butcher, barber and shoe shops, Wells, Fargo Exptcss office and telegraph oifice. There arc about three hun dred men and a few families living in the place, and about a doren children maybe seen running around, which givee the place an air of growth. The freicht train runs U within a mile of tho lake, where over 8,000 feet of trestle work is to be built beforo the cars can cross tho hike, Tho giadcrs are located from Sandy Point to Pack river, a distance of twelve or fifteen miles fiom Vent nor. There are 1,500 wluto men on the work, and twice as many Chinamen. Common laborers get $2 to a day, untnamen halt u much. The men live in tents provided by the company. They aro supplied lyilh stoves, and in the event of sickness or accident a hos pital and attendance is provided at a monthly charge ot one oouar irom eacu man. r ron Westwood to the lake, a distance of forty miles, there are no settlers, nor are there any around the lake, not even an Indian is seen in the Winter. The forest stands unbroscn, ex cept as the railtoad grade cuts its way 1 through the trees and deep hillsides. The j cedar and other lumber making timber it dense and extensive along the line, ana stretches for miles along the margin of the lake. The chances there for a city are some- wnat remote should it have to depend on a farming community to build it up. Northern Idaho. A correspondent of thoLewistonA'ftwgiTM the following : Three years ago an old "man came to this country with a larce family and no money, and took up a homestead, n Single handed hi has built up a comfortable house and is out ol debt. His granary is full of good wheat and n&ta. aud his horses, cattle and hoes are lit u Is there another country on this great foot-1 stool, where the labor of one old man will sop. s port a family of eight persons, and in three? years secure and stock a good improveu laimj. nf lftft nnrpi, ? Snmn vnnncr men savthertrlF discouraged because wo have no markets, indjj want to leave the. country. They have MS surplus, and never had, nnd even buy "S provisions, such as flour and meat on credits Where can these discontented individuals bet-E ter their condition? Wages are goodheMij and labor always bnngs a sure return. ."T'f erty is an unfortunate condition, but it it the portion of many, and "the poor man can Iiti in no country, but by the sweat of his bKrwJ Anw vmttifr man vchn ittannnpfl nf his hOUH stead in a temporary fit of despondency and "pulls up stakes," will have reason to ngt the blunder. It he is tho latner oi a lauwj their destitution may disturb hit rest ia tin potter's field. Everybody comes here expecting to engtgi In f riA atWilr liuoitiaan Wh art fU7 tlO follOW u v.aw ovwaa. uutiUGBD, I at jf aw w" ----- w that occupation it a mystery. Cattlo tMl$S hogs at prevailing prices are wore Pr0I"Yjfij than grain for transportation. One buthelol wheat properly fed to hogs will make Kt for the meat wheat fed to hogs wilt bring 7W cehtn a liusliel Ttr .,i.inrv f ho meat and Sell'wl ing it at the customary prices for bacon Wia wheat would be made to bring a dollar &1 bushel. Why doa't farmers feed more nonin Mr. Joe Grief, of this neighborhood, kiUMj sixteen hogs last year, which brought ju?ij over five hundred dollars, and Mr. CaW! omitn Killed two, which he sold tor aevKMiri nve dollars. Endlcott This new town whieh has been started byu the Oregon Improvement Company, tndl named Endicott. after the Boston banker, ill located ia section 31, township 17, north ofji range 41 east, near the southwestern limit of the 150,000 acres ol land bought of the N. F. K. K.. It is located on the line of the abt doned railroad from Texaa Ferry, about for$ milet from that noint. mnil tu-entv miles wear of Colfax. It it about forty milea from eitket! Spraeue or Ritzville. with eood roads bett: it and all the placet round. The O. I. Co- going to "whoon nn" their now town, win is situated in the midst of a rich farmi COUntrV. Th railmal m-alo fmm TeiasFetTJ: is to be bridged and put in order for a fin class wagon road, the lumber for a fine Ho truss bridge over Union Flat creek havia been ordered. That hnildinr- may not be re tarded. 250.000 feet nf lumher ia btlBll shipped from tne company "a yard at D4?"".! to tnuicott. The company havo a large iw" vji of men and teams at work breaking and "' ing ground in the vicinity of the new to n. ; ' H alia Walla Union. ?i Jv correspondence Pendleton Enterpruti 'i saw m your issue of Dec. 29 a ttatcment o J tomb big hogt being killed in different pr? of the Mate. Mr. Samuel Richie, our towJ butcher, can beat anything in Oregon, and Ijj think anything on this coast He has J2 Ulled thirty bog; one netted 018 poundHS one 466, one 460, and twenty-seven tbtlj netted 8,410 pound. If any one can do beV , mem. snow up. fra vri,. ,;,.