Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 25, 1876)
F" WTLLAMKTTE FARMER. To Fruit - Growers. THE CALIFORNIA FRUIT-DRYER. I GIVE NOTICE TO ALL FIIUIT GROWERS that I shall manufacture thcjc machlnr e, and he different eliesfor tile, all through the mmm:rnml fall, on reasonable and accommodating; terms These machines were exhibited and operated at the State Fair of 1675 and received a thoroucli endorse ment from a majority of the Board of Managers of the State Agricultural society who tarcfntlt observed Its worklnc. They will be made of suitable slzo for nse In fami lies, or for drying trait and cgetab cs on a large ecale. They dry apples lit for market In two hours and a half. They are operated llhmit difficulty and demand as little labor as Is possible tu expend to mauulactiire dried fruit. They are within the menus of cery farmer, and a company organUtug with "mall capital can purchase Machines to do a large bttslucss. The Inventor has made decided Improvements that will be embodied In the machines to be maufactured this season The machine operated at the State Fair of 1S?5 was void to Mrs. E. A. Walling of Spring Valley, Polk County, and operated successfully by Mr. Cotton, who It Interested with her In the orchard and Its products, And they endorse It as entirely successful, though op erated under great difficulties, and they expect to use it much more successfully the coming season. The fruit manufactured by Mr. Cotton, (dried ap ples) was lately sold by Church & Co , 4U7 Front M. ban Francisco, large dealers, for 14 eta per pound, and they pronounce It a good article. All fralt glowers and persons Interested In the dry ing and preserving of fruits, vegetables or meats, arc Invited to corrcspand with mc in relation purchasing these machines. , Orders in advance, and designating time of demcry of the machines, will be punctually tilled. All Machines warranted to do gooti work. S. A. CLARKE, April 30, IStiL SALEM. OR. B00THBY & STAPLETON, Manufacturers and Dealers In Sash, Doors, Blinds, and 3VColc3Llxx;s7 ETC.. ETC. BRACKETS, And all Kinds of Scroll-Sawing. HAVING THE BEST FACILITIES AND THE latest Improved wood-working machinery to mannfactnro the above articles, will offer Inducements to customers. Also, WOOD-TUBNING, In all Its varieties. Orders from the Country Promptly attended to. Office and Manufactory, cor. of Front and Bute streets lnnS9 8ALEJU. uawu NORTH SALEM STORE. W. X.. WADE, T TEE BRICK STORE, DAS JUST RECETV- ed a full assortmentof General Merchandise, Dry G-oodSj G-rooeries, Boots & Shoes, Hardware, Clothing Calculated for the City and CoTrade- 8"' KiT. and will bo sold at as SMALL .A PROFIT, Bought at .as IhoM Twho BULL AT COST. Bs-Goods delivered to iw wTtol the dtv free of charge. NoySt ATTENTION Sheep Growers.1.' A SURE CURE FOR Scab, Sorew Worm. Foot Rot, AND ALL Parasites that infest Sheep. fT IS SAFER. BETTER, AND VASTLY CUBA!' HAN ANY OTHER EFFECTUAL REMEDY FOR HE TREATMENT OF SHEEP. IT Improves the Health OF THE ANIMAL, AND THE QUALITY OP THE WOOL. CBT- One gallon Is enongn for one hundred to two mired Sheep, according to their age, ttrcngih, and pcditlon. Kit i put up In FIVE-GALLON CANS-I'rlce. f!3 ruin. end for circular, to T. A. DAVIS & Co.. PORTLAND, OREGON, Wholesale Acents for the State. (Or to vour nearest Retail Drngglu. my6 lALEM FOUNDRY, & H$ Machine Hop, IALK.M, .... OREGON. K,4n B. P. DRAKE, Prop'r. .WU ENGINES, SAW MILLS, GRIST MILLS, iWapes'. Pumps, and all kinds and styles of Ma tfttMfy made to order. Machinery repaired at a short - Pattern mirdnz done in all Its various forms. aaiaU tlnds of Bras and Iron Castincs farcishuiat kMt EC-lcc. Also, masnfactorer of KNTEItl'Itlf-E KK an MATVlUilt. ana Biiunr.na ana ;im. jjavttru Kjbrooks & MoFarland, .i .HSOLESALX AH TAIL DEALERS IN CNeraL MerchandisE, tMlajseraf Second and Washlnjrton streets, I Psffe DALLES CITY. OEEGON. XV. A J. 2. ZiJLB, i Dealer In einl ItXcrcImndiMC, FULL STOCK Ol' STAPLE and FAN- ds, Clotbtor, llardw ve, Urojf ries, Hook C. DALLAS, Or, SSSAsT.lOUS,MO.i if trwm. Ua-.fJ i -mm CHOICE RECIPES. Potato Salad. Boll potatoes so that a fork will Dass tlirouch thorn rath er slowly; let them cool thoroughly or stand over night; then cut into small bits like dice. If onions are liked, chop one very fine, and add to them. Make a dressing by taking one teaspoonful of ground mustara, anu running it thor oughly with a teaspoonful of salt, a lit tle white pepper, and two well-beaten raw ejres. Add very slowly half a tea- cupful of the beat salad oil, and two tablespooniuis or vinegar. Thick sour or sweet cream can bo substituted for the oil. Beat this until very stiff, and turn over the potato. Small bits of cold veal, beef or mutton, are an improve ment to it. Bi:an Sour. Soak ono quart of white beans over night in warm water. Turn it off in the morning, and add three quarts of boilinrr water and one pound of pork, and boil four or Ave hours. As the water evaporates, add more. When the beans are well pulp ed, strain through a sieve, and serve the pork on a separate dish. Season with pepper, and, if liked, flavor with an onion and carrot chopped line, added when tho beans arc first put on to boil. This is a very appetizing dish, and highly relished by many who can't eat baked beans. A Dried Apple Pie. Soak the ap ples all night in warm water, setting the pan on the back of the stove. In the morning pick them over, and cut out nil cores and spots. Place in pre serving kettle and stow unlil soft, add ing a little cider instead of water to soften them. When cool, sweeten well, addimr a grated lemon neel. and the juice of a lemon to every two pies. Put several bits ol butter into each pie, and bake with a llakey, short, upper and under crust. Hints foii Dessert. Pulverized sugar is better than granulated for sponge cake. Boiled custards with lemon jelly are excellent for tea. Make a rich, well-flavored soft custard, and with a box of Cox's Sparkling Gelatine, prepare a stiff jelly, Irom recipe given with tho box. When needed for tea, turn the jelly out of the mould into a handsome glass dish, and pour the cus tard all around it. You can leave out several of the whites of the eggs used for the custard, and beating them to a stiff froth, ornament tho custard with thorn, and a bit of red jelly or jam can bo placed on top of each spoonful of froth. Seeing the Point. A boy returned from school one day, with a report that his scholarship had fallen below the usual average. "Well," said his father, "you've laiien Dcmnci. tins montn, nave youv" " Ygs sir " How did that happenV" " Don't know, sir." The father knew if his son did not. He had observed a number of cheap novels scattered about tno House, out he had not thought it worth while to say anything until a fitting opportunity should offer itself. A basket of apples stood upon the floor, and he said: ' Empty those apples, and take the basket and bring it to mo half full of chips. And now, put those apples back into the basket:" When half tho apples were replaced, the son said: " Father, they roll off. I can't put in any more." ' Put them in, I tell you." " But, father, I can't put them in." " Put them in ! of course you can't Cut them in. Do you expect to fill a asket half full of chips, aud then All it with apples? You said you didn't know why you fell behind at school, and I will tell you. iour mind is like that basket; it will not hold nioro than so much, and here you have been tho past month filling it up with rubbish worthless cheap novels." The boy turned on his heel and whis tled and said, " AVhew ! I see tho point." Pre. &'. Visitor. Farmers of .Richmond county, Wis., have built a wooden railway 10 miles long, at the cost of jUS.uOU per mile. Thi-j .secures them good roads to mar ket. Sixteen years ago Tom Kcnyon went to Kansas City with a cent, and tho other day ho signed a check for six teen thousand dollars. He signed witli another man's name, however. When a man loses a relative as rich ns Stewart, without getting anything by it, he is justified in selling his char coal wagon and striking a blow for hu man rights. Mgtuerlkss Young Amsialm. Uow to mother motherless youug animals foals, calves, or lambs. Itub the palm of the hand full of via on the nose aud mouth of the dam; rub a little of the same bottle along the back of the young; animal to bo adopted, place them together, and the relationship Is complete. Tub advantage of this simple pro cess will be complete to those who have to do with long-wool shoep, where, as is fre quently the case, a ewe die, leaves a pair of tine lambs, while probably another ewe looses her lambs, when exchange of mater nal affection is instantly brought about by the gin, to the savibg aud successful rearing of what otherwl-o would ba two troublesome pets at best. When a ewe has three lambs, and anotbor ewe one, the disparity can be effectually remedied in the Name manner. Ibe third revised edition of Schem's Sta tistic of the World lor Ib75 gives 0,000,000 as tho Catholic population of the United Slates, and the American Annual Cyclopedia for 1575 reckons it as morothan 6,000,000; and a careful consideration of tnj data which, however, are still imperfect. We think It is at prewnt probably not lesa than 7,000.000. The CutMic Woild. I SffEEp nd Wool,. SHALL SHEEP BE SACRIFICED? The depression that prevails in the wool market and the unpromising outlook for re munerative prices, havo no doubt raleed tho question m tho minds of no Inconsiderable number of farmers who raise sheep, wheth er it is prudent to keep their flocks Intact, or abandon this branch of husbandry. There Is ho doubt that the market in woolen goods Is over- s ocked. Numbers of mills art) idle, while others that are in operation run on short ti me. Certainly, it is not an auspicious period for the woolen interest, and growers and manufacturers alike feel the pressure. It is but natural under thqtffclrcutnstances that tho question should VM'as to what should be dono in Ihe premises. Our object in this connection is not to in quire into the causes of tho depression, but, taking the situation as it is presented, throw out a few suggestions that occur to us ia re gard to what is the proper courso for wool growers and flock-masters to pursue. There are those, doubtless, who will succumb to the pressure, sacrifice their Bheep and dis card wool-growing altogether. That course, in our opinion is unwise. It Is possible that it may not be profitable for a year or tnoie to raise or to keep sheep for their lloecoa alone, but it Is well to recollect that the value or a flock of sheep,1 as every in telligent farmer knows who has kept them, doc3 not depend entirely upon the price of wool. There are other factors In the prob lem of sheep husbandry which must bo con sidaicd in fairuess, and theso should not bo loit sight of now. It is hardly necessary to omi morale them. We may say, however, in p.i&slug, that good mutton bring n fair price, but this will decline if a large per centngo of tho Hacks uow iu the country are, tiler being put into tolerable condition, hurried to the butchor. It is a good lime, however, to cull tho inferior sheop from the Hocks and prepare these for the shambles. Thore aro more or less sheop that aro comparatively non-productive or yield no returns for keeping, and these should be fattened and tola. A sheep that shears less than four pounds of wool is not worth keeping, aud may well he turned off. Keep the best and soil the poorest, and brood only tho former kind. We are of those who believe that sheep should be kept on the farm, no matter what the price of wool may be. And we may as well say here as elsewhere in this artiole, that tho depression in wool which now pievails, is temporary. It will not continue always. Tho country has passed through similar pe riods, and wool-growers came out with fly ing colors. Those who wero not frightened out of their wits, but held steadily to the line of Judicious sheep husbandry, finally profited by the course they purtusd.- TIlnto- ry repeats itself. We" have strong futth that the condition ot the wool and woolen inter est In this country will furnish, in tho not far future, another proof of the truth of this apophthegm. We havo romarked that tho value of sheep on the farm does not consist wholly of the money realized from the wool produced; nevertheless, even when the price of tho staple is low, the cash returns from Its sale come to many farmers at a timo when they are much needed. The clip Is marketable just before harvest, nnd it happens not'un frequently that the money received for it bridges over this important season, or at least, assiatH in doing so a consideration which will hardly be lost sight of. Lot us admonish our frieuds to consider tho subject in all of its bearings, keeping in mind the prominent fact that this induHtry is ono that tho country cannot do without. In all oranchos of rural industry there aro periods of depression, but it will hardly do to dis card such as constitute an important reliance ono year with auothor, becauso for ono or two seasons they scatcely pay tho cost of pro duction. At this Juncture there is not very much that Is encouraging in sheep husban dry; nevortholet'N, let us not discard tho shoep, however largo or sma'l the Hock may be. The number kept may be reduced In most Instances, and doubtless will bo, but the nucleus of u Hock at least should bekopt. Cull out the worthless, discard "scrub" runs, and breed lo the best standards, and by-and-by all wlllba well, JVainc Winner. SCAB IK BHEEP. Tho scab in sheop, which is commonly known as an eruptUeafioction of tho skin, very highly contaglouw, and accompanied with almost incessant itching, Is caused by miuuto insects like home mites, but smaller, called arurf, which aro conveyed from one shep to another, principally either by actual contact or by bolug left in locks of wool on trees or fences on which scabby sheep liawj rubbed, and with which clean sheep after wards come In contact. Although no Indication Is to bo railed upon as conclusive evidence of scab, unless the Insfct which causes it, bo demonstrated, the disease, according to the progress It bus made, is always accompanied by ono or more of the following symptoms, which should lead to Its detection, viz.: Change of color in the jletcc. The wool on the back, shoulders, or rump appearing of a light col or, irom rubbing, or that on the shoulders looking black or dirty, from the sheep scratching with Its hind feet. Hcratchimj or bUmg.Oa watching sheep for short time in which scab ha existed for ten days or more, some of them will m observed to turn sharply round, and bite or scratch themselves very suddenly and keenly; much more so than when ulltcted with gr seeds, which also cause sheep to bite and scratch, but In a slow and Uzy manner. liroi.cn wool. White tufts or Jock if wool sticking out from the Uttce on tho should ers, back, ribs or rump. On the shoulders these are picked out by the hind feet: on back and ribs with the teeth; and on the rump by rubbing on trees and fences. Changes in the Skin. The skin, especially on the shoulders and along tho back, will be of a pale or bluish green tint, and will on these parts be gradually covered with pus tules. The skin of the ailected parts on be ing laid hold af, will feel thick and hard, and the wool knotty. Scabs of various sizes will be formed on tho Inlectod parts, caused by tho lluid from the broken pimples drying and becoming hard. Ihepolnts of the hams nud Hanks, as well as the shoulders and back, becomlug scabby, and scabs and sores on many parts of the body, which la gradu ally denuded ef wool. Room koh Moke Sheei. Last year we paid torelgn countries titty millions of dol lars for woolen goods and eleven millions of dollars for unmanufactured goods. When we have in the country twenty million more sheep than we have now. we shall only pro duce the wool we use: and yet there is no couutry on earth where sheep could bo raised so profitably as In the United States. But we are coming every year nearer to sup plying our own markets with the wool they demand. In 1875 the wool clip of the couutry was nearly 200,000,000 lbs., whllo In 1600 it was only 05,000,000. Exchange. The Harvest. The Jhitcrjirisc says: "Ono of our Oregon City mill proprietors has been making tho tour of the valley, and from tho general te nor of advices received, together with his own observations in tho mattor, ho is led to conclude with regard to crop prospects for wheat in tho valley, as follows: Winter who.it will invariably be a light yield per acre. Tho east sldo will average one-lburth less than tho crop of last year, making a shortage of 12,000 tons, the crops bolug one third short in Linn and on the flat lands of Marion county. Tho wost side, whllo win tor wheat Is light, will, notwith standing, make an average yield, as spring wheat is better than usual from Washington to Hon ton. Yamhill will exceed her host harvest for years. The general summary of the situation is, that whilo the Willamette valley Is short 12,000 tons on last year's harvest avorage, this deficiency will be mado up from the Increased acreago of Umpqtia vauey ana tno extraoruinary yietu of the Wnlla Walla valley, so that the Co lumbia river will bear on its bosom for the worlds's commerce, an amount of grain shidment equal to last year's surplusage say 105,000 tons, or turee and one-half mill ion bushels of wheat, providing the farmers .will sell it all, whioh, under the low prices ruling, is very doubttul. Taking it all in all, It can hardly be expected that Oregon will ship over 80,000 tons, unless wheat aver ages above ft 50 per cental in Portland." , Oleomargarine, or what may be called "Imitation Butter," which has been manu factured quite extensivoly of late years, Is likely to become unpopular and force tho Legislatures of the different States lo pass strlngont laws against adultoration of all kinds. Tho Produce Exchange of Balti moie havo taken the matter in hand and exact a promiso from each member that they will not sell Oleomargarine or other adulte rations of butter. Wo must go still further in this mattor of adultoration, and enact tho Kngtlsh laws governing all articles manufac tured for domestic use, compelling the man ufacturer to put on labols giving tho exact composition of each. This might Inter fere with the profits of manufacturers of adulterated spices, but the purchaser would be the gainer. Ex. When Admiral Porter was presentod to Do in I'odro he said to his majesty: "1 had the honor of attending your wedding before you did!" Dom Podro enoys a joko, and was well please with this ono, which, para doxical hs it sounds, was literally true. Donna Turesa, the empress is a Neapolitan prlncesB, and was marrlotl to Dom I'odro by proxy in Naples. Admiral l'ortor, then a young olllcer, was with tho United Htates fleet In the bay of Naples at tho time, and was present at tho marrlago. Ho was also on ono of our vessels which formed part of tho oecort of tho bride out of the harbor. This vossol was on Its way to lllo, mid reached tho Brazilian capital iu time for Ad Admiral Porter to witness the actual innr rlagecf Dom Pedro aud his bride. A Komo correspondent of tho Boston Ad vertiser writes: Tho pope Is also In fuehlo health tills spring, and yjt ho 1ms a fatiguing season before him. The concourse of pil grims will be enormous; Ihoy aro coming Irom all quarters; from Franco, Belgium, Switzerland, Germany or Prussia, Austria, Knglaml and Hpaln; from overy country theso great religious armies are pouring down tbo hills aud along the valleys, crowd ing tho rail cars, on tho road to tho Vatican, They come U col&brat tho thirtieth yoar of the pontlllc-tto, a ,Uto uiiknon n iu tho histo ry ff the clinroh fir any tope except. St. Pe ter, who, according to the occleslavtlutl tra dlllon, reigned seven years at Antloch and 25 years and two month at Itomu, making in all ,'IJ years and two months. No other pope but Plus IX. Ii' i lived 25 years even. Tho moan dtpth of the ocean has been es timated at 21,000 feet, or about four Kngbsh miles, md (lie extreme dejlhat f0,OCO feet, or more than nine miles. The Atlantic, aver aging from three to five uilUn, Is deeper than the Pacitlo, although -lOtOO fft havo been reached by sound. ng In the latter; the Indi an und Southern Oceans aro from fiur to six miles; thil Amartlo becomts shallower tow ards the Polo; the Arctic Is Generally sup posed lo lie the iballoweit of the oceanc. The minor stas exhibit much diversity of depth. The Centennial aa a Market As a market, the Centennial has proven a great success. Our people have bought out whole foreign departments, and In manv sections it Is hardly possible to find an object not ticKetea "sold." The foreign buyers of American goods have likewise pnrohased liberally. The New England exhibitors or cotton and wool machinery have found some good customers in the Brazilian staple and fleece displays. The Boston Commercial Bulletin reports that probably two large mills, from Yankee plans and Yankee fit tings, will be built In Brazil. nr , hundred and fifty thousand dollars, worth of pumps, engines, blowers and drills havo thus far been sold to South American hir ers. Boot and shoe machinery is also, we learn, meeting a splendid foreign sale; and even In objects of art notably furniture the sales of a fifteen thousand dollar anlt.ts, a Parasian honse shows that American art Industry is by no means unaniwiltiH. Thoso who have made a study of the busi ness aspect of the Exposition predict an enormous trado in the fall; bnt it is stated that exhibitors manifest too great careless ness In selecting the persona who exnlain their exhibits. Thero seems to be almost dearth of smart salesmen, while all Riirl, on hand are said to be succeeding beyond all expectations. There is one manufacturer wno exniuits tils own machine in a way that may servo as on example for general emu lation. The device Is a verv Incnnlnns safety lock for elevators, and under ordinary flrcunistancos would probably bo shown in the model. Tho manufacturer, howevor, de cided to oxhlhlt tho Invention on a full sized working olovator ; and when the hid canto to oxamlno tho device, ho had every thing iu readinoss. Entering the car, which no uttii previously loaded heavily with pic Iron, he was lifted to a helirhtof about :;o feet; then he coolly reached upward and be gan to hack at the supporting rope with bin knifo. Consternation sooedlly bocamo man ifest omong the judgos. Somo imnlored him to come down, that they were satisfied, and jut not want to seo him killed. The imper turbable inventor wont on haoklnir at tho rope, which suddenly parted. Tho specta tors turned away so as not to see the rash man dashod to ploces: but instead at uratl. fying their anticipations, the elevator car was instantly caugnt, aud actually Jumped up a couple of inches above tho markfed point for its steppage. From the express Ions of tho judges, that exhibitor may expect a favorable roport ; and as he adopts the same startling plan for attracting visitors' attontlon, It Is needless to say that a crowd always surrounds his exhibit. Scientific American. Just as the MoMinnvlllo Reporter wont to press, last week, it was learned that the large warehouse, known as Gates and Olds'. Avarehouso, at St. Joeopb, took fire at about halt-past seven o'clock Thursday morning and was burned to the ground, together with its contents, consisting of 600 bushels of wheat belonging to Hathaway Yooum, of Bellevuo, aud a lot of hay. It wan with dlfllculty that the depot building was saved. This warehouse was tbo property of Mr. J. II. Olds and Dr. Watts, and was uninsured at the time of its destruction, a policy haying expired not many days ago. Somo bay that, was stored in the building debarred Insu rance men from taking a risk on it, and there has been quite a wranglo betweou tho proprietors and tho owners of the hay, to get the hay removed and allow the building to bo insured. The matter was settled final ly, and the hay was to have been removed that day. But tho fiery Ucnd saved them tho troublo and dispensed with the necessity of insurance. No other cause but Incendia rism is mentioned in connection with tho casualty. Tho loss is placed at $.'1,000. Tho Eugnno Ottaul av; News came lost Thursday by Mr. E. P. MeConneU, that Dr. A. Uonfrow, a resident of our city for twenty odd yoar past, and too well and favorably known to need lurther comments, has beon round deatl tiearn spring on Blue river, some twolvo miles Irom tho MuKonlo road. By what can bo ascertained it seems that tho doctor had attempted ty go ou foot from IiIh camp to a milling camp some four miles, dli- iuih, mi rrmiiy, lllll dill lllM.,nml It bolug a VII "iry warm day had drank too freoly of tho sold spring water, causing cramps In his ixjiu spring water, cans ill.' crninn. stomach, as when found the follow. Im- Him. day, lie had his lingers In his month us II trying to vomit. Tim doctor fur miiiiii tliuo past ban at times been dnraiiKed, mid, It is said, liHd an uiii:overnalilii thirst for water, and it is morn thun probalilothat while men tally emliarmsied ho partook too freely, while warm. Tho American Garden tolls hew It mado last season, what Is now nuito a rnin In Homo quarters, and Is known as a "wild garden;" a sort of promiscuous usxomblago of flowers of all sorts and hues. Whon the flower beds wero all nronorlv iilantod. u largo quantity of flower seeds of all kinds woro leiion tmnd, whloli It seemed u watn to throw away. So a border was nnunnul od around the outer edge of tho gardon In tins liistauco the and thus sown umnimtoii to more than half an aero -the seeds wnrnull thoroughly mixed and sown promiscuously, lormuig inueeti a "wild garden." But it WLM a Mllf!lWMflll ItYnnrllniittl a... I 1 .. '" -- .--,.. .......... n, llllivuil l, source of enjoyment and pleasure during tho enllro season. Eviti.v Cur (JitAss lli:sT. Tho (lennan papers publish details of a series of ex perl moiits carried on i-t tho agricultural schools Iu that country for tho purpose of testing tho nutritive properties or grass and hay at various stages. By an elaborato series of analyses It Is shown why young grass Is more nutritious than mature grass, Thu physiological experiments show that It Is more eislly digestible. Thus grass 2J inches high ointalnH nearly M por cent, more of albumouolils than grass which is 11 Inches high, and JO moro of "crude fat." Tho mature grass contains moro woody fiber aud Has II eh h-form In wmtUr than tho young grass, uud,bosldes tins, it U found that the nutritious albuiuenolds exist iu a less soluble form In lny than In young urass. Hence the dltlerence of nutritive value and digesti bility. Autumnal hav was found In tin mnm nutritious tuau sumim i.... , !1 1 W: