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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 12, 1875)
fl-r" Ifci.OO per Year, in Advance. SALEM, OKEUON, NOVEMBER 12, 1875. Volume VII Number 39. ftr the Wlllmn.-tto Farmer.! LIFE A WAHFAEE.-(No. 1.) Hat and be Baten." Parasites and Insects. Of the animal kingdom, ns a whole, more than half the species arc parasites. "The number of these parasites," says Prof. Owen, " may he conceived when it is stated that almost every known ani mal has its peculiar species, and gener ally more than one, sometimes ns many as, or even more kinds than, infest the Jitiman body." Take the case of man. The Jiothrio tccphnlna latna anil the Taenia solium are two kinds of tape-worm, which flourish Jn tho human intestines ; producing great constitutional disturbance, some times ending in insanity; and, from tho germs of the taenia, when carried into other parts of tho body, arise ccrtoin partially-developed form, known as Cyiiiccrci, EchinococcL, and Cacnuri, which cause dlsoiganization more or less extensive in the brain, tho lungs, the liver, the heart, the eye, and often tho generative organs. Hence headache and insanity, consumption, liver complaint, palpitation of the heart, sore eyes, and abnormal disturbance of the procrcative parts. These parasites cause great suf fering, often' of long continuance, and frequently ending in death. Five other (parasites, belonging to a different class, are found in the viscera of "man the Jblcoccphalue, the Oxyurls, the Slron llus (two species), tho Ancylostomum, nd the Ascaris; which, beyond that of defective nutrition, necessarily causes great irritation, and, as a consequence, prostration of the sjsteni. Physicians arc now turning tbelr attention to these intolerable pests, finding that, without removing them, success, in many case, is dm possible. Of another class of ento- son, belonging to the subdivision Trcma toda, there are five kinds found in difl'er-sMit-organs of tho human body the liver and gall ducts, the portal vein, the in testine, the bladder, the eye. And, still more, the Trichina spiralis, which passes through one phase of its existence em bedded in the muscles, ami through another phase in tho intestines; and which, by tho induced disease Trichln ial, hits lately caused such ravages in Germany as to produce a panic Then there Js tho Guinea-worm, which, in some parts of Africa and India, makes men miserable by burrowing into their legs, causing Intolerable suffering. Now, fram the entozoa, let us notice the cphoa. There are two kinds of acari, one of then inhabiting the follicles of the skin, .and the other producing the itch, that "royal disease" which makes it so glorious to scratch and keep scratch ing! And Xhew are others which bury themselves beneath tho skin, laying their eggs there. And, alas! there arc three species of what shall I call 'em? lice yes, oh! The lico on man himself, on all nuiaials, and on plants, ton. Man hat the Hell, sheep tho scab, hogs trichina, &a, Ac, but animals arc not alone in having pat-aslies, for many, nuy, most vegetable have them. Nothing sectns to be exempt from them. Life eats life ; animal, animal; vegetable, vegetable; ami to cut .and be eaten seems tho law throughout. Life is a war a warfu.v( ud a Jjard rugglo for exist ence. . Let u B see some if the vegetable para sites. Vhese prey on nuin like animal parasites, both internal and external. The Sunflna venlrtvull inhabits the stomach, .'nduciug derangement, indi gestion, dv."ncpsia, &c. The Leptolhrix buccalia penudes tiie mouth and injures the gums, teeth, &c There are ni.'cro copie fungi producing ringworm, po.vi go, thrash, &c. To go through nil of them would bo .? herculean task. Wltj it is so. " to kill, und bo killed," " to eat, I and he eaten," Is beyond man's ken ; we J:umr, however, that it is mi; and, know ing thin, we must JljJit ifc out ns bet we may while lire lasts. 1 intended to cay floriethlng of insects that inhabit plants, especially the grape vine, but must defer if tin- another urli dd TUc r!iuUmrax or stvpa-vluo toot- louse, is now destroying thousands of vineyards both in Kurope and America, and is demanding the attention of able men to check its destructive career. It has destroyed nearly all the Catawba vineyards east of the Mountains ; in France, and even in Germany, its rav ages are seen in the blasted and ruined vineyards far and wide. In California, too, the phylloxera is at work in its deadly march; and even in Oregon it is at work. In a future article, I will say some thing on this deeply-Interesting insect question. A. F. Davidson. A Modal Law Salt. J. I. Thompson, of Independence, is re sponsible lor the following story of a law suit juwt held buforo a new Justice of tbe Peate over in Polk county. Two cltlzenw claimed the saniG properly, and one put a padlouk on the gate to exclude his opponent, who tore the lock off and threw it away, on which the first had the last arrested for petit larceny. Tho trial took place in a dimly lighted school house; a jury was expauelod, ami P. C. Sullivan appeared for the defence, the prosecution being conducted by two young lawyers of that county. After the evi dence was all Id, Mr. Sullivan addressed the court to show that the ease was "too thin," and moved to have it distms-ed for want of Kround for the action, which motion the court granted in a low tone of voice, and the defendant was discharged and went ofl' about hta business. Mr. Sullivan started for Salem, and the Court went home to bed. It seems that all this was done in so unobtrusive a manner that the jury, which was dimly heated in the back shadows of tho school house, did not catch he idea, and, unhappily for the young attorneys, of the prosecutioD, they were trying to decipher the mysterious characters on the label of a Hosteller's Bit ters bottle, outsldo the school-house, by the dim light of a clouded November moon, while P. C. Sulllv n was making bis effective speech for tbe discharge of the prisoner. Ill-turning to the court room, and seeing the jury in position, eud their researches by moonlight having Inclined them to be argu mentative, tbey took turns in presenting tbe rase to the waiting six, much to tbe delight of the spectators, who understood tbe joke. There is no telling what the verdict of the jury would have been If tbe absence of the court and tbe prisoner had Dot fortunately been discovered, abiut the time all their eloquence was exhausted. The report that the jury brought in a verdict of guilty about 4 o'clock in tbe morning, which first reach ed us, therefore tesms to have been un founded, much to tbe regret of the fun-lov ing citizens of that vicinity. Do Wo Need a New Breed or Sheep ? (Paper No. 4.) From Hood River. W. P. Watson writes from Hood River. Wasco county, under date of Oct. 2thh, as follows: "Tbe rnln-f4l) during the past sev en days has btn unprecedented lu the mem ory of the oldest Inhabitant In these pirts, corning straight down without wind until to day, which isdrcidHliy windy. The weath er it still warm; no frost as yet, nouvlth maudlin:, heavy rain and hhrh w hid and wa tor adinnnlnh ns that it would b well to for tify against u approaching hard winter. Yet, judging from the pant, wit expect from fuur to hip week pleasant weather before winter bnin, which uMnHy lasts from threi to tight weeks, when the snow dlsap pc.li', and grass is abundant, remaining green and n en growing under tho snow and, what is eyen more remarkable, the dry grass, In tbe fall, turns green ns soon as tho rain btgics, which is now abundant, and stock unuu illy fat for the season." Djjatii oi-' L, 0. HuitKUAirr The death of this (.'cnileiuau took place on Wednesday, Nov. 3d, at his Lome one mlla north of Al bany. IIh had been in I' tiling health for some month prevLm. We met him, not looi: ago, a'. Astorli,. where he wan remain ing a fw wt,eks for tho benefit of tea air, ami then it teemed to us that his days were numbered. We have known Mr. Burkbart for mauy years pist, and recognize that death has romovod from us an honorable ami upright man, one whoso f -midship wo had enjoyed, and wbow en le 'pri-oand oneity were hucivsidul bjth to oil, own advantage and tbe bom 11 C of our State. Editor WimjAmiitte Farmer : Hoping the interested reader has been able to follow tbe in t ait of tbe preceding papers, notwithstanding some eriors which have passed because tbe writer was not on hand to " correct copy," I proceed to reiterate that tbe want of tho wool grower Is a cheep of moderate size which will produce a heavy tlaeco. finer in staple than any of ibe En glish long-woolod breeds, jet ofnttllcient length for combing purposes, hay from three to six inches long at least, but the longer tho better if combined with fineness nnd strength. I assume that tbo sheep must be of moderate bUe, because I believe it is Im possible to keep a sheep of larpu size upon tho oidlntiry pnsturspo Of this country in that condition of even thrift that In-uies tiie continuous growth which seems an absolute tiocesslty to tho production of combing woo). Experience furnishes tho proof that under common treatment on this entire coast largo slzsd sheep constantly tend toward deterio ration after the first year. The first fleece is the best one, both ns to weight and quality. After that, the tendency is toward dryness and harshness as well ae lightness of fleece until the sheep attains lull growth, when, if a owe, she will begin to lose the wool from the belly and sides, often before shorn ing time. At the same time this cbango Is tak ing place In the fleece, tbe sheep themselves are become conspicuous, if tbey be In a flock with smaller sheep, for tbeir restless disposi tion, giving the fhepherd a great deal of trouble to keep them in control, if herded, and very often learning to Jump, and load ing tbe smaller sheep into mischief, if kept infields. Of course, this is not the oharao acteristic of larger breeds of sheep when kept up to tbe requirements of their nature. The eiy contrary Is true. Among British breeds, for Instance, the largest-sized sheep are most docile and indolent in tbeir habit when f6d in tbe manner best calculated to develop to the utmost their good qualities. That this can bo done in portions of this country, and is done by a few enthusiastic admirers of the large breeds, is not ques tioned, hut where there is one flock master"1 who will ascertain and provide the necessary conditions for keeping up a flock of large- sized sheep, there are hundreds who use. their flocks to gather what natuie provides, ouly feeding when tliey mutt, to save tbe lives of the sheep through seasons of in clement wealber. There is another obstacle In the way of se curing a long fine flaecn of wool from a large- sized Bbeep, and tbat Is tbe tendency of snub animals to produce coarse wool. To illus trate again by tbe British breeds of which we know most. The largest breeds produce the eoarsesl wool, and the effect of a reduction in sice by judicious breeding is given in the cue of Bake well's modification of Ibices ters. The large coarse-boned old Lylcettor, yielding a fi-jece of eight to twelve pounds o! coarse wool, was, by breeding for a smaller-boned, symmetrical sheep, brought down to a fleece of seven pounds of coinptr atlvely line worsted wool. The French Mo rluo seems to bo an exception to tho rule tbat a lurge-hon;d tbip will ptodmie a coart.0 wool, yet, an a Merino, it establishes the fact here claimed, as ttlll.v ns the illustra tion I have given, tlm Kieiicb Muriuo bslng altogether ihe c inr-est trooled family of the Meiino rac-j. Ivs rapid decline In the estima tion of Merino-breeders being the tendency to comparative coarseuoxa of the fleece, as woll ak Ibe ungainly, hard kteplng carcass, so that, look lu whichever direction we may for the btmetUs of experience in tho history of breeding, or tbe lessons taught by races of sheop that, so dr an we know, aro the natural growth of tiino and circumstance!', we are adiuuuished in avoid uttemptlilg to block dry pastures with lurgy slsd sheep, anil tho experience of Oregon tarmers proves that pastures which are dry at lat six months of each year aro not suited to yibhl lliat constant Kiipply of unitm feed, that is btilibed Ail aoiolulo necessity to tbe contin uous growth of wool on a sheep of hiru bize. John Minto. tent of country. The flock was composed largely of Cotswold blood. I (five tbls case In justice o Mr Lnekny, at tbe same time It must bn nhsnrved that the management la excnptionsllv good, though it cannos in tbe nature of things be permanent. Axgoras. Tho S.mta Uosa Demo erat, in speaking of it ilock of Aogom goats, says that in tho hand wore five hundred thorough-bred Angoras tint will clip fivo pounds each, on nn aver age, in February, and tho proprietors, Messrs. J. W. & K. L. Ileeil, informed us thnt they had tho spring clip sold in New York for SI. 30 per pound. Messrs Reed purchn-ed the hand from 12. 11. Mnrsh of Knit Francisco, nnd paid $2:2, 000. Mr Mnrsli paid S27.-I00 for the Kinio band. There tiro live thorough bred Asiatic bucks in the Innd, two of which were presented to ti MrC'heneiy of this State by the sultan of Turkey. There are also eight thorough-bred Cashmere and thirteen Angora", from the celebrated Alexander Itluo Grass Farm, in Kentucky; also sixty-four full-blooded nannies, from tho same place making tho most celebrated col lection of this kind on tho coast, or in the United stntPs. quality and quantity considered. The band comes from Santa Clara county, three miles from San Jose. A statement showing tiio estimated nnnual production of gold and silver in tho United States during tho 25 years irom lSl'J to iHil has been prepared hy the bureau of xtntMic. The annual average production of gold, according to tins statement, nas ticen sou.kihi.uuu, nnd that of silver, for thoio years from 1859 to 1873. S13.300.000. The produc tion of gold has, with tho exception of one year, been annually decreasing since 1850, nnd the production of silver nas with tho excep ion or one year, been increasing since 1850. FBU1T AND OllNAMENTAT. TbKKS. Mr. J. n. Settlemier, of tbe Wood burn Nursery, says tbls is the time to prepare for setting out fruit and ornamental trees, and he says he has as fine a lot of trees as can bo found in tbe State. His advertisement will show how to send ordora to bim. Tbe full otllclal vote of California fo Gov. eroor nave Irwin 01,500. Phelps, 31,322, Bid well 2!) 752 and Win. E Lovelt, temperance candidate, 350 votes. Tim total vote for Phelps. HldwoU and Lovett added together make 02,430, leaving Irwin a majority of 71) votes. " Ghaci: Orkenwooii," peeping at tho Prime Minister of England, from the Speakor's gallery, says of Disraeli: " Ho is sadly changed looks eareless and melancholy, jaded and Judaicnl. His curls have lost their hyacynthinti character, have straightened with the weight of years. There Is no trace left of 'Vivian Gray,' nnd little of Lothalr.' " fojnVJri si Tim br.'dpo pcrnss tbn8nn limn Kt Lvbsnon l complied, end lean sure Jjtuv bfc.y ci 1&810S U on IK A friend and neighbor who visited East ern Oregon a few months a no informs mo that of all the ll'sks of sheep he mw there, ho saw but one tl.rt.-k that appeared to him as doing jernaikahly well, and lhat was the Ilock rif Mr. J. Jjiieky, nn the Crooked river branch of the Do-CnuDs, Tbls Ilock is mini- njed differently from any other ho s-ivr, on wliat Ihe itmnHger failed the iipsn MyatHiu of herding, Inst Is, Ihe sheep are allowed to spued out oer larjte extent of surfieedu ling'fredliig hours, and at nlmit second In too ntxrest of many folding yards trial are prepared al diikreui points, over a laro ex- MABBIED: In Portland. Nov. 4. by Rev. D. J. Pierce, Mr. Geo. T. Murray and Miss Mary A. Car punter. Nov. 4, bv Itv. William ltoborts. at Ihe resldonee of J. H. Lsml-rt, MUwauklo. Mr. B. P. Stone, of Walla Walli, and Miss Hen rlfittn .Miller, daughter ol Heury Miller. 1C-0 of this city. lu Nelioinn, Oct 31, j Ij. Andrews, of tii- Comier, and .MUs Ssrali Alien. In En Irene, Nov. 4, Iguace Peters and Mlbs Dora ilendeison. In Albiiiv, Nov. 4. Win. Allphln and Ms 8rah J. BurbanUs. In Lino county. Nov. 3, I). O. Under wood and Mrs Sarah M Suillb. In ji"io, Oct. 31 Geo, Geo. W. Morrow and Miss Nancy U. ISilyen. In this eltv, at the liousn of Mr. John A. Sedlsi'k, Nov. 7, by Kv. John Itosenberir. Mr. Joseph II jrovi-o anil Miss Josephine 1'a tek In Linn county, Oct. 23, Win. l' SIsglo and Ml-s Mell-sa Brills. At Jacksonville On 12. A. M. Splokel iH-,eraiid Miss Parthena J. HowUud. At Port Orlord. Oct. 28, Win. H. Car! clou, and Mrs Miry Tilbot. In Douglas county, Oct. 31, J. J, Siralt und Miss Margaret V. Cox. In Junninn City, Nov. 2 Nanny D, wlfo of Itlley Gllbnrt. ihjh I 21 .veirs. Nsar P.ori.i, Linn county, Oct. IS, Wlmil fred, datiKhter of I. N and Josephine H. .Smith, atrMl 1 yar. 7 months end vss diys. In Cotipevlllo, V. T., Oct. 18, Maria Jane Coiip, aired 31 jesrs. Ill Seattle, Oct. 27, James Brown, aged -'j yers. In Utmlady, Oct. 25, C. II. Puggdrd, agocl 2(1 years. Id Hoattle, Ojt. 27, Jas. McCaun, aged -15 yesis, N'ar Hist Portland, Nov. 1, Limlla, ndpt od (Uif.'liter ot il. W. slid II, I). I'ruttyintu, aum ti months and fi days. In Tacoun. Nov. 2, I'roJdle II, Wilcox, son of Mrs. Kale lianiiah, aud ti years, 11 inns. 10 davs. In JiicUnoii county, Nov. 3, Samuel Hall, aged i0 years. STATS 2TSW& A cnrrvspondnt of the Astorinn, writing from Columbia City, says: "As pleasant homes for hundreds, the Nehalein vallev, 12 miles west of hre, Is n beautiful and healthy location. Many (.elders of thrltt and enter prise aro located there. A beautiful prairie, live miles Jong by a half to three quarters or a mile wide, Is still unoccupied, with good BiirlculltirHl lauds extending from hero to the pralrio. Another faei of Importance h that thnStato has looked, as school lands, thousands of acres of I ho very best arleul tnrnl lands, joining anil west of this plaee, which can now be had for f 1 70 por hcio," The Jacksonville 7Vim says: '-The lito rains raised thn various streams sn ns to ren der It for a thif almost impossible to cro' them. Slate creek, lu Jnsophlno county, was so hnh on Saturday that thn slime was de layed nearly twenty-four hours in nuking tho trip to this plaeo Tho s'ages liomtho north and sotn.'i nro behindhand, oiing to the bad roada ml hlib waters. Tn Yamhill county, "Iiica 18.15, Ihero ht's been a gain in uoputafloti of 1,420, and In tho funnier of ucres o: lird in cultivation of 37,300 acres. AriMos of Ineorporstinn were filed on thn 3d, in thn (llc of tho Secretary of Sta'e, by thoDillosand Deschutes Hoaii nnd Briduu Company. In orporators, C. S. Miller, J. U. Condon, aud U. W. Corum. Capital stock. SI.C00. ' Long Tom and lis tributaries wero up to the winter Hood stupe of water on the last dsy,(f October, for the first lima In October within the memory or man, and 17 days ear lier than in 18iJt, which preceded thn wnrt winter in tbo history of luo Wlllainotto val ley. The Springflold mills have again oliangrd hands, H. P. Straitou retiring and B.J. Pen- i;ra taaing iuii cuarge. A large number or fine hogs have been rali-ed in Jackson cotiuty the present year, whlcb are now fattening for the market. As h hog-ralsiDg section, Jackson county is un excelled. A ohlld of Wiley rarW, living a Tew miles fro.a Jacksonville, was severely burned by Its clothes cateblng fire from a lire burning near Hie home. Its recovery 1 thought to be doubtful. A man named Connor, working In the woolen mills at Oregon Citv, was caught in the machinery In some way, last Friday, and bail Ills leg broken. Tho Emetine Quicksilver Company, or Beaver creek, Southern Oregon, last week sent out its supply of provisions for tho winter campaign. The late Jacksou Cnuntv Pair was not ex tensive, nor a financial HUeoss. The leceipts were $303 01, and Ihe expenditures ?26'J 30. Ashland has two schools In successful operation. The academy has nn aiiendxiire of about 100, which Is dally increasing, whilo tho same may beeald oftbe district sohool. A correspondent orPrlnevllIo, Wasco conn tv, under dxt.i oi Nov 1st, Informs us that J. ll.Snoderly was driving cattle at that plare at the full spod or his hore, wblou fell down, and Mr. Suodorly's lig and ankle were badly broken. On the Umatilla resrvatinn there Is an Indian by tbe name of Le Lnuskln, And be is very wealthy, owning hor-es ami cattle valued at about 15,000, besides other per sonal property. About tour weeks ago he went Into the mountains nn a bunt, leaving In his log cabin t'JOO in 820 pieces, fjfl In small Rold and leu blankets valued at fSO, besides other Indian fixlnin. On hla roiurn everything was gone. No traoBoftherobbem nas neeii round, bat Uirea msn who were living Hear hint, anil who Hinldnnlv iWuinn. ed, weie stupjuiud of having s'.oluu tho proporty. LOGT. On Thursday, last wmk, a vsltiablo mlnlc luriape, belwren tho little bridge tint other side oi Atch. Wsllar's on tie rond leadln.' to tho I'enltonlliry, and tho M. K Church. Tho tlndor will confer a favor by leaving tho same at Mrs. John Hobnail's, or Ihe Kaiim j;r Office. Hoc ItroTs .Sjieclal atlenlion Is cn'led to tho ailvertUement ofO. A. Wells it Co., hi another column, who lmoa largo niiuibsr of hop roots for sale nn very reasonable terms. IWotis (lewlious to purclms'i can depoud on foltlng good plants, as tho ad vertisers understand till Ir business. I.NOlicoitATION. Daulel Claik, If.N. Hill, Knbtrt Clow, aud H. W. Brow n, on Thttrbday oflat wnl; filed mtlc'cs ol liianp-na'lonfor On OroronSl.ito Grunge, m ,J(, ullice of tho Stcrnlary of Stale. Toe eaj i al iteckls$70, liihliciusof $1 each. The principal ollico of tho Urang Is to l Irtated In Portlnnd. (illANOl'. OlKIVNH Uoll. M. K. JfUrlson, maier ofliin Kiiihhs W'.ato GraiiKe, has tho following, remarks to make on lliu publica tion of a state giaiiKooran lu Kiiisk: Wnlhi I have no dltpo-lllou in flint fault, or oven complain of the action of tho eiecu tho committee, for I holleve they aclrd irom Urn purest iiiotlveM and did what, t'i iy thoiiijlit was lor tho best good of the order, Mi'-t am inclined lo the onlnloo tiiat utrlnr. Jiislleo and right w. uld indtcatit to us th it wo stioiitii ant ami Hf.st, by our pilnitian, those alrtady iifittlillsl ed, lint hawi li4i-n laborluu with limiting euerirv to inilld nn our older, rather than lu scttlug upluojipo nltloil to thblil. iilW.4itl!&M''iii&fe&