Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 28, 1872)
la - ' 'i 4 W0MH- Salem, Saturday, Dec, 28, UIMIOVAI.. Tin rM..lilo!!.rc l.a bicn riir.tntd f litt i : Mock, Cainmiiclal oor at the left flrft up rtnlr, lim j Wanii:i. Yew vortlftuinciit. iO"t, Hend ad JIoitsiiC'oi.i.Aits 'J'lic attention of farmers and lioi.-cnicii Is cnllcd to the advertisement In to-day's Nuo of J. C. .lolniMiu it Co.,, "fun FnincIeo, whonio lnamiiiiciuici s oi n copper n veicn norse ,-uimi, which is ani ui w superior 10 any othei collar now In use. .Snow Stokm. Wo aio informed that on last Friday morning, the stmwal Tho 1 miles was six Inches deep, and -till falling. The weather was very cold, and tin Columbia full f mush Ice. -- - Cniiasy. Tho stock owner- in Eastern Oicgon who have no hay, were feeling very uneasy last week about the safely of their stock. Hut probly the Chinook wind has re moved their fears and the -now by this time. Taxjw i'iio.m Lam:. .Julius A. '(ration, Esq., Deputy Treasurer of Lauo county, c uno down last Wed nesday, bringing over eight thous and dollars of taxes dun the Slate from that county. Hesides this amount, 'he brought '.)":! currency and SI.'JUO coin, interest fioin tho school money loaned in that county, which sums weru paid to the Com mon School fund. IoWA. Wo aro Indebted to J. M. Shairer, E-q., Secretary, for a copy of the report made by him of the proceedings of tho State Agricultural Society, for I71. The report Is made to ho (Jovemor, in accordance with law, uiul embraces a general review of the condition of agricultvre throughout the Stale for the year. Tho volume Is bound, and contains about MM) pages. Si:vi:ni:. From a gentleman who arrived in Salem, last Sunday, from tho head of Willow creek, Umatilla county, wo learn that tho lato earth quake shock was mi .severe at that place, that ho was ueaily thrown out of his bed, and that articles suspend ed on the walls oscillated liken clock pendulum. Tho animals, cattle and horses, seemed to bo greatly territled. The shock appeared to como from towards the Three Sisters, and our informant Mild he believed they had " waken up and shaken themselves-." Only. In giving an account of a railroad iillnmd accident n.dallyimpor says: "tuny a miiiainan nun." only a Chinaman! Is not u Chinaman's blood as red us yours? IKm't his llesh quiver when It Is mangled? Don't his tones ache when they are brok en ? If you wore awa.v oil' In tho center of the Flowery Kingdom," and should bo mortally injured bv I some accident, how would you like' tho plg-tulled Celestials to exclaim, " Only an outside barlxirian hurt " '.' " O, that would Ixmdinbront thing." ' Yes, It docs make a great illil'eieuco ' whose ox N gored. -- ' ltAii.iioAH Aiviiu:nt. OnTues- day morning an accident hapKued j totheregular passenger train coining iionu, aiKiui M'ven nines souin or .juiuv.ii0i7niii mi' ger car was thrown from the track, urn. i'iK,u ui ti'ii I'uia.ioi iiiuru or less , injured. Ono iiiun had several rlbo broken, and another siitVered a dMo- cation of a wrist, which wo Mlcvo were tho mo-t serious injuiies sus tained by any one. Tho ncvldetit was caused by the giving way of a culvert from which the dirt was washed by the Into rains. The en gine and tender jxismhI over tho weak Biwt wifely. A. M.' Smith, of liuenn Vista, was tho most seriously hurt, receiving severe sprains of tho arm and leg, and other injuries J'KXITKNTIARY. W g Willi to consider this word In the light of oSe of Webster's deflnl- ( monly say of tho,0 who (ry lo i,cp tloiw of Its meaning : "A home of iUlin? Men who visit prisons ntul correction in which ogmders ure con- seek to reform criminals are no longer fined for pttnMimeiil and reforma- j 81ieered at by Phuri-ccs alone ns lion." There Is no doubt that those , , frIoiuN of inii,can, and sinner"," who originated our present .style of ,butt,lcyiirow,cerccl ftt by creatures State prisons, and adopted the name wI0 nro lllcnner than either Phaii by which they uio most frequently .. 11i1iip,,,wr sinners. Tt Is well ! .1. t t it j ... i . Miesgiiaieu, pciiueiuiary," um with a full understanding of the , meaning of tho word. No doubt tho main thought was originally to es tablish n form of prl-on discipline founded in part, if not chiefly, on . the Idea of reformation. Hut wo nk how far the public in general has retained the original idea. Would ()t a minority of people now, if call ,,,, .... m -i,,..,,,. the term noiiltoii. i tlary, omit olio important part of Webster's tlufliiltloii. And wo very much doubt whether a majority of those who understand tho real mean- 1 lug of tho word really have any I faith In the reformation principle. The facts In tho ca-o do not tend to i pi-ore that tho community at large, or even a respectablo portion of it, believes in the possibility of the ro- J formation of any ouo who has once I seen the inside of u felon's cell. j We have no doubt made great pro gress as to the general treatment of prisoners. The alms of prison olll cers and the Intentions of many in dividuals aro good in this matter. Hut tho Inscription too plainly writ ten over the entrance to ourprUons Is, "Lot nil who outer here leave I hope behind." And the prisoner reads it when ho passes out no loss plainly than when ho passes In. His 'striped clothing may be laid,, nsido, t but his convict name sticks to him. lie Is stared at, though he looks much the Mime as other men; he is doubted, though his intentions may bo honest; he Is kept out of employ ment, though he is ever -o will ing to work. He llnds It as ne cessary to change his name and seek some other country as though he had escaped from prison without completing his term. And this is not only true In some cases, hut It Is true as u rule. "We care not what men's professions are. Their acts speak louder. They may say that some men with whom they deal in business, ami with whom they meet on terms of ."octal equality, are greater rascals than the average con vict; yet they will keep company with one and shun the other, simply because In one instance the law has had its course, while in the other Justice has been defrauded. Now, sty this condition of tilings proves that tho average pub- lie sentiment does not favor the pos- nihility of a criminal's reformation. Aim wo need not say that this prov- aleiit public sentiment goes far to ward hindering tho reformation of l,ur criminals. When their terms of confinement "r" It Ii toooften the case that they are virtually com polled to go back to tltelr old associa tions and habit-, from the fact that no other course of life Is open to them. This is a Ions not only to the Individual but to the community. llw criminal ilrlveu from hopo lie nu.s reckless as well as hopeless, If "very man's liaud is against liini, k t . but makes an enemy, Wo know It Is somutiuics said " it will not do to trust these men. Shall wu peril tho peace of our homouud the safety of our property by taking them Into oiircoulldence?" Ofcounc not. Hut wo need not treat them t-o (iiiioronuy from tno way wo treat iKis.si"ii-.susiii'.oiisi'iiiinii'ivisiioniive never been lu prison. Hocuu-o wo cannot mio.u uicui imuuiir .amines we need not assume to put tho brand of Calu uKn them. Wo believe the com- miiulty has lost more, and iiidlvldu ids have last more, by the prevalent mode of treating this class of men than ever would have lieen lost by .showing them the fullest symiathy and confidence. Anil It Is not only after tho convict is out of Jail, but while ho Is still con- fined, that the community Is to some ! extent arrayed against him. Men ' ins immi is ngntnst every iiiun.-)Was Community not only loses a member, WILLAMETTE FAEMEE. 'are wllllmr lie should reform. Of course they inc. Hut what do they ,i0 in i.(ll lllm., Avimtilntliovcnin- 1 . -- -- klunvn Jn our own community, that i known in our own community, for many months past a number of Individuals have taken a lively in terest in tho criminals In our peni tentiary, and have provided for them various means of Intellectual and moral culture. Quite it re-pectablo library of books has been provided, an abundance of papers and maga zines, and stated religious and lite rary exercises. The olllccrs of the prison (wo say Jit to their praise) have welcomed and aided these ef forts, and the prisoners have taken a growing Interest in them. Tho bet tor part of our whole community have praised ami aided these men in their work. But the sympathies and sentiments of tho "lms.urort" liavo found expression in tho utterances of certain scrub editors ami blackguard lawyers, who have -uffercd no op portunity to pa-s without indulging In shallow witticisms and unmanly sneers at the exponso of those benov olent cll'oiK Hut these sneers have only bad the effect of putting those who utter them whero they rightly belong in the estimation of all right thinking people. And we believe two good results will follow tho work that Is no being done in our prison: the community about us will be led to accept true idea of prison discipline and many individuals during their prison terms will bo reclaimed from lives of Infamy and crime. Tin: Ovkiu.and Monthly rou .Iani'aky, 16";l. Tills is the first monthly part of tho tenth volume, and we must say is as interesting as any previous number wo liavo had the pleasure of perusing. It keeps up its local characteristics to a re markable degreo of excellence, ap parently improving with every is sue, and has developed a corps of contributors that has oxcitcd tho at tention of the literary centers of both Europe and America. Wo aro pleased to notice that the authors' names aro published in connection with their contributions. Tho "Etc." and "Current Literature" depart ments arc full, varied, and Instruct ive. Itemcmbor, a now volumo be gins with this number. Wo advise all to take It, for they will surely not repent tho outlay of four dollars for one year's subscription. John II. Cnrmany V Co., Publishers, NovIO!) yftliington st., San Fruncl-co. 'Z A.NOTiir.iu-Rov. A. F. Waller, another 6f 'OregonS earliest pioneers, died at liyo o'clock on Thursday morning, Dec. Mth, in tho sixty-fifth year of his age. Ho arrived in Or egon as a missionary of the Metho dist Church in May, 1810, and lias lieen from that time a constant la borer in the interests of that denom ination. The bust few years ho has been financial agent of Willamette University. Ho boron part in the .Stl'UL'L'le.s nf the enrli" snltlni-u .m.l familiar with the history of our statu from tho time when It wns u "- ..... ..,. .7. ...... wilderness. Ho will bo missed by his iis-oclates in lalior, mid bv a whole community that t'fntois his virtues. now fully appro. It vt.s. Tlio heavy rains, delayed mi long, have come at last. For two' May, and nights before Christmas, w warm, steady south wind'was Mowing. Tho door, and windows of heaven were blown wldo open and water Tell on the earth In bucketful The little creeks were booming in ii few hours, and the Willamette arose twelve feet hi two days, Christmas has como and gone. Tho mercury is above forty, the sky clear In spots, but heavy clouds aro still drifting northward. Tho day.s aro crowim longer, and before many days tho fiirincrswlUbethlnkiiigalioutsprlng. Wo have had no winter to grumble about, si far. K1HT0RI4L tOKKESrON'DEXCE. Washington, Dec. 7, 1S72. It Is now a month since I left Oro cron. mostly passed In travel. My Journeys have carried mo by sea to California, and ovenaim oy run to Boston and thence here. I have watched with peculiar in terest tho country through which my Journeys liavo laid, and have recognized that power and greatness have increased ns the courso lay cast ward, until here, on the Atlantic seaboard aro found the great cities of the East, born of an older civilization and with moro commercial greatness than any west of tho Alleganlcs. It is wonderful to sco the wealth nnd power, constantly increasing, In the sterile and rocky sides of Now Eng land. Every where that water pow er Is available, immense manufacto ries are now being erected, if not in operation before. I looked with wonder at the progress making on n stream which runs through Western Connecticut, who-e cour-c Is trnv- crscu.vuu w..r,.. "";.'. Iron which abound thcre fis frequently Us a waterpowol- can bo Tho lino of the Pennsylvania railroad inado available, imnicuo cotton or factories aro being built, and each calls to life a thriving village and gives work to hundreds of opera tives. I do not hesitate to believe that there is moro improvement made each year on the Atlantic seaboard, than on ours, that tho building up of this section to rival the most success ful commerce, manufactures, and sci ence, and all that makes modern civ- ilzatiou, even relatively considered, is far In advance of what is being ac complished on the Pacific. Tho rea son Is evident; here the world's com merce centers, and the ability to cope with the manufactures of the world Is an established fact. I view all this with especial Interest, because I rotftlzc that when in the future the manufacturing interests of tho west coast aro developed, then Oregon will bo at least to that region what Now England is to this, and our abundant water jiowers will bo called into use to build up a wealth and greatness that our future must real ize in time, but I fear that It can never be in our time, for it can scarcely be until the nations of the Pacific have moro intimate commer cial relations than can bo established for half a century to come. It is certain that our importance as u State depends much upon the success of our manufacturing inter ests, and that eventually they must rival the work done elsewhere In the world. Travel shows mo how now Oregon I, and still I had reason to be proud of our State, and to appre ciate Its comfortable homes and per manent improvements by contrast with tho bleak looking ranches which fovero visible in California, whero tho laud is greatly monopolized bv moc ulators who rent to tenants whose only object is to make tho soil yield tfio utmost returns for the least labor. I made a short visit to Salt Lake City, whero I saw Gov. Woods, S. E. May, I). M. Durelle, Capt. Hice.Capt. norland, S. W. Drow, E. M. Barnuni, and others who have lived in Ore gon. In company with Mr. May, I went to the summit of tho Taberna cle, from whence wo had a fine view of tho " City of tho Saints." Brig ham's seraglios aro near on tho east, and consist of very lino houses, exten sive as bnecossary to neeomniodato ins iiovoteu ana numerous wives, UK-favorite has a mansion tn lmrnir Lcamo away from Salt Lake Cltv Avlth a full appreciation of tho enorgy aim ministry mat lias developed Utah and built up tltat really beauti ful city, but with a conviction that tho crlmesof Mormonlsm have been hideous, and that somo speedy and effectual means should bo devised to put an end to tho monstrous ovils of the system. Tho weather was very cold when wo crossed the Rocky Mountains, and tho winds of Wyoming and Ne braska wero fearful. We met trains going West that had been detiiin,! on up grades becauso the wind made it Impossible for them to advance faster than a mile and a half an hour, and they were, for several days In succcsslon, eight hours behind time. Tho bare plains of Nebraska seemed to mo bleak and uninviting, and only when we ncared tho Missouri river ut Omaha did tho settlement of tho country show such homes nnd im provements as we possess In Oregon. In many respects, our State ns to ac tual improvement will compare fa vorably with all the West, and espec ially in clininto we aro much more favored. Crossing tho Missouri, our course lay through Southern Iowa, nnd then I took tho Indianapolis, Pittsburg, and Philadelphia route, and wont to Boston. As wo enmo East, tho older and more perfect settlement of the country, tho Immense system of rail roads, tho bcautlfnl cities, and their moro beautiful suburbs, were a con- stunt source of interest, and the pass age from smoky Pittsburg and its multitude of iron works over the broad Alleganlcs, was n 'ceno of strange Interest, because tho mount ain sides aro every whore penetrated by tho hands of labor in search of js almost every whero tho scene of active mining operations nnd tho manufacture of iron, Crossing tho mountains, we swept through the great States that lino tho seaboard, ns I liavo already rela ted, and tho Journey .'.corned to one, whose travel for many years had been through Pacific States-nnd Ter ritories, n panorama of singular beauty, wherocapltal nnd labor have striven to create nnd embellish, and tno vast resources or nnturo have yielded a willing tribute to tho en ergy nnd tho will of man. I am domesticated for tho winter in tills city, nnd shall attempt from hero to send such word ns shall bo appropriate to tho Fahmeii and of value and interest to its readers. Rotation tn Crops. Ed. Faiimuii: I liavo been re quested to write nn nrtlclo for publi cation in tho valley, upon tho above subject. I do not profess to know every thing pertaining to rotation in crops in Oregon. If my experience and observations hero for twenty-ono yenrs enn benefit persons engaged in agriculture in our young and grow ing State, I shall bo well pleased. It Is true, that wo can derivo much useful information from such books, but our soil, climate, and seasons nro so different from those in tho States east of ltocky Mountains, that wo must learn anew here. Tho soils in Western Oregon nro generally very rich and productive. For many years after this section was settled by our people, tho enrth brought forth abundant crops, with but In different tillage. On discovering tho great adaptability of .'our soil to tho raising of wheat, and its superior quantity and quality, iljbccamotho staple crop here. And our manner of tillage, plowing onco a year and in the spring gouorally, or in tho fall for fall wheat tho land became very foul with weeds, and tho surface be como deadened. But yet thoso lands nro run in wheat or oats, until tho product per aero no longer pays in many cases. And tho fact that no people, who depend chiefly on rais ing nnd exporting grain for a stand ard crop, can becomo permanently rich or prosperous, should admonish us to turn our attention to rotation In crops, and cultivato such vegeta bles In part, as will answer the noxt liest purpose, nnd yet not impoverish our lands. Wheat should never bo sown upon fresh wheat stubblo twice in succession. And tho same of oats, unless upon fresh clean land. Crops of vegetables of various sorts should be extensively cultivated for homo uso and for export trade. Peas, po tatoes, artichokes, nnd red clover should be raised in sufficient quanti ties, to fatten all our hogs and raise our fowls. These crops do not im poverish tho soil, but draw to the surface various salts, necessary for a wheat crop. All old worn out fields should bo deeply subsolled and sum mer fallowed. The summer follow can be profitably done by cultivating