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About Eugene register-guard. (Eugene, Or.) 1930-1983 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 14, 1962)
Tit tCxx EUGENE REGISTER-GUARD, Wed., Not. 14, 1903 i Ask Andy Vanished Seas Left Salt in Earth Andy tends a complete 20 eolume $et of the World Book Encyclopedia to Marjorie K. Palmer, age 12, of Ephrata, Wn for her question: How Did Salt Form In The Earth? The sally minerals are al ways ready to dissolve in water. When rains fall and streams rush over the ground, the soft chemical salts join the watery parade and sweep along down to the seas. This has been going on since the first rains fell upon the new-made earth. Most of the salt dumped into the sea re mains there, bu( through the ages some has been returned to the dry land and buried in vast layers deep below the surface. The ore in a salt mine is called halite and most of it is the chemical solium chloride alias table salt. Halite is a rath er soft mineral about twice as heavy as water. It is brittle and it tends to crack apart in cube shapes. In pure form, halite is clear as glass but it is almost always colored with impurities. Halite deposits may be dirty or muddy brown. They may be red, yellow or deep violet. Al most always the basic salt is mixed with gypsum, calcium and other minerals found in the salty sea. In a California desert there is a crusty layer of salt on the surface ground. In New York State, Michigan and other places the deposits are buried more than half a mile below the surface. Some of the buried deposits are half a mile thick and in North America there is a deeply buried layer of halite covering 100,000 square miles. Halite is a soft mineral and pressure from rocks above and around it tend to shove it out of shape. Along the Gulf Coast there are round salt domes which geolo gists think have been pushed from a salty layer one to three miles below. All these buried mountains of salt have been toted from the land to the sea and back again to the land. Since the earth be gan the rains have been dissolv ing the salty chemicals in the soil and dumping them into the sea. Time after time the seas have invaded the land and re treated. Salty lakes and la goons were left to evaporate and, when the water dried up, the salty chemicals were left be hind in sedimentary layers of halite rocks. The salt mines of Michigan, we are told, were formed when a shallow sea stood over some 100,000 square To Your Good Health Al-Anon Helps Families of Alcoholics By DR. JOSEPH G. MOLNER Dear Doctor Molner: In re gard to your letter from "M. S." about an alcoholic daughter, those of us in the Al-Anon Family Group know that "trying everything" as 'M. S." says, only aggravates the situation. But we realize that when wo admit we are powerless over the alcoholic, we CAN do much to help OURSELVES. "M. S." as a relative of an alcoholic, is eligible to attend Al-Anon meetings. Either call the local Alcoholic Anon ymous chapter for informa tion, or write to P.O. Box 182, Madison Square Station, New York 10, N.Y. Mrs. J. R. I have mentioned Al-Anon be fore in this column, and certain ly will again. It merits the high est respect. If you want to think of it this way, the alcoholic may per haps have the right to ruin his own lifo if he so desires al though as a member of the hu man race, I wonder whether any person really has the right to destroy the good that resides in anyone, including himself or herself. In any event, when an alco holic harms not only himself but makes life miserable for those near to him, and these others are terribly and continu ally hurt through no fault o their own, this is where Al Annn comes in. Al-Anon is made up of people who are not alcoholics them. selves but are relatives. The group is closely affiliated with Alcoholics Anonymous. Al-Anon pool their knowledge and experience. They counsel each other concerning things they can do to help and things that prove to be a total waste of time, such as "trying every thing" when the alcoholic still refuses to do anything for him self. Dear Doctor Molner: Is it worthwhile to sell home and belongings, and leave friends, to move to Arizona to relieve arthritis, rheumatism, etc.? Is it possible that no one living there suffers from such an illness? II so, surely hundreds of people would more there. K. F. No, don't make such a drastic change without knowing what it will do for you if anything. For some, the hot, dry climate is helpful. But others discover that they were just as comfort able at home. Therefore don't move without a trial visit of adequate duration, to find out whether substantial benefit ex ists for YOU. Dear Doctor Molner: I am a 20-year-old girl and my hair Is thinning on top. It Is dry but I wash it twice a week and wet it under the shower every night to set it in rollers. Could that cause thinning? Louise P. Frequent washing and night ly wetting of dry hair remove even more of the oils that com bat "dryness." "Dry" hair is brittle. It breaks off close to the roots. This docs not damage the roots: the hair will grow in again. But if it is destined to break off again, the hair will still appear "thin." Better take some precautions not to let the hair become so dry. miles of our central and east ern states. The water evaporat ed some 300 million years ago, leaving its chemicals behind. Here, as in other places, the salty sediments were later cov ered by layers of newer rocks. Where the halite is near the surface it is a simple matter to dig mine shafts and tote the ore to the surface to be purified. Where the deposits are deep or difficult to reach, the mineral is extracted with drills and pumps. The salt dissolves readily when steaming watcr is pumped down into the halite deposits. The briny mixture is brought up to the surface and treated to ex tract the pure salt and other minerals. Andy send a Hammond's Library World Atlas to Ray Pfefferkorn, age 12, of Phoe nix, Ariz., for his question: Why Are There No Fossils In Igneous Rocks? Igneous rocks are formed deep in the earth's crust where conditions are hot enough to melt granite and other sturdy rocks we find on the cool sur face. They well out as molten lava, which is melted rock. Lava is hot enough to burn bones and bodies and even sturdy tree trunks to ashes. Whole forests have been burned to ashes by rivers of molten lava. Fossils are trees and bones which have been preserved in more gentle layers of sedimen tary rocks. These layers are beds of silty mud and other minerals which have dried and hardened with time. Fossil re mains embedded in these ma terials are often preserved. Fos sil remains touched by fire formed igneous rocks were burned to cinders. 1,100 Miles of It Tough Turks Guard NATO's Flank WASHINGTON Turkey's last frontier station in the Cau casus foothills facing Soviet Russia displays this sign: "We Turks are proud of our freedom, and we are ready to die for our freedom." Geographically, what Turkey's 28,000,000 people are willing to die for is a westernized republic slightly larger than Texas. Theirs is a land of big sky and wide open spaces, of Isolated villages and farms. The vast central plateau, though exposed to extremes of heat and cold and drought, is one of the world's great wheat granaries. The storage elevators stand as tall as those in Kansas. Two Metropolises There are only two sizable cities in Turkey. Istanbul, over looking the pale-blue Bosporus, has a metropolitan-area popula tion of almost two million. An knr, made to order as capital of the republic formed in 1923, has mushroomed from a dusty hilltop town which was said to be as dark at night as the inside of a camel into a neon-bright city with more than 1,300,000 area residents. The Arabian Nights atmos phere has all but vanished from Turkey, yet a distinctive flavor lingers. In Istanbul, some 450 mosques point their minarets at the sky. And where else could one expect to find a confection so titillating to the palate as to be called "The Iman Fainted?" Though the fez has been out lawed since 1023, many men wear Western-style caps turned to the back so they can touch foreheads to ground while pray ing to Mecca five times a day. Most Turks are Moslems. The Turkish race originally sprang from tribesm?n of the Asian steppes. Now Turks gen erally have a swarthy, liquid eyed Mediterranean look, but there are blond Turks and titian Turks. Atalurk separated church and state; replaced old laws with modern European codes; gave women political and social rights; abolished polygamy and harems; prescribed Western dress for men; substituted the Latin alphabet for Arabic char acters; set up a nationwide sys tem of compulsory education. The changeabout did not, of course, turn Turkey into Utopia. Not being blessed with abun dant water, minerals, or oil, this farming nation has a diffi cult time making ends meet. The main exports are wheat, cotton, tobacco, fruits, poppy seeds, and meerschaum. I'cr capita income is less than $200 a year. Guards Right Flank The site of the controversial missile bases, Turkey guards the right flank of the North At lantic Treaty nations. It spends up to half of its annual budget for defense. Its army is the largest in the Moslem world, communism is illegal. Turkey, which occupies the peninsula of Asia Minor and ex tends onto European soil, is ex posed to the Communist threat for 1,000 miles. The rectangular country touches Bulgaria at its northwest corner, faces the So viet Union across the Black Sea, and shares with it a 350-mile land border. The Turks are noted for their physical toughness and tenacity. They have withstood various threats from Russian soil for 400 years. When war broke out in Korea, 30,000 Turks volun teered for the first contingent of 1,800 destined for service with United Nations forces there. General MacArthur called Turkish U.N. fighters "the bravest of the brave." I'LL HAVE TO It ARM ALL THC PARACHUTE RIMERS OVER AGAIN H0VJ TO GET CAM ArOUSTA PRESSURE INTO ONE OF THESE TWN6J 1 SUIT IF WU'VE GAlNfcD WEIGHT. I THEM If 1 WANT YOU TO MfcfeT OOfc KtLLV, TUG KADAK T i I ViE WERE AT OCEAIOA TOGETHER I I'M m INTERCEPT OFFICER WHO'LL BE FIX INS WITH IS E t "xV REMEMBER? 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