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About Eugene register-guard. (Eugene, Or.) 1930-1983 | View Entire Issue (March 15, 1962)
Page 10B EUGENE REGISTER-GUARD, Thun, Uaxth MS, 1802 A U.S. Commitment Deepens 8ses Revealing : Men, Arms Help Diem : Stop Reds By DAVID L. BO WEN Of the AuocUted Prut With each passing week the United States commitment in South Viet Nam becomes deeper in terms of equipment, men and prestige. There can be no turning back. The remaining open questions: How much additional Ameri can force will be necessary to thwart the Communist effort to engulf South Vict Nam? Will American GIs be required to take over the fight themselves? Up to the end of last month, Uncle Sam had sent about 4,000 U.S. servicemen to South Vict Nam. Their mission: to train the troops of pro-Western Premier Ngo Dinh Diem in counter guerrilla warfare, increase their mobility and sharpen Vietnam ese battle skills. Americans Scattered This assignment has scattered the Americans throughout the country. U.S. military posts dot South Viet Nam, most of them inside Vietnamese military com pounds. Reportedly U.S. Navy minesweepers patrol the coast line to assist in the interception of Red junks. All American servicemen are under 'orders to shoot at the Viet Cong only if the Viet Cong shoots at them first. It is not known how many have returned fire, but from early last Decem ber through Feb. 26 only one GI died as a direct result of Viet Cong activity. Twelve others died in two plane crashes, a hotel elevator acci dent and an accidental hand grenade explosion. Several U.S. servicemen have been wounded by sniper fire on roads in Vict Cong-infested areas and U.S. Army helicopters carrying Vietnamese troops often return to base with bullet holes. ? INDOCHINA (Girca 1850) 111 Jg jPRABANG S JV vianeVv , If sllil 1 Thailand:-, i i gj i'",vM'. ".".mimj."". "" . J JfeevlHAvr I FRENCH IHDOCHIN A 11919) j::::::::::::::::::::::! gW8Wjfel U VtokinT r ;'... O . vff'01) ' Jp"1 viir ''... fer- j 'iiilllC camt0dfa&f 'm: (' x' f ST BASE Wm SI AM V M Pf"M"M" f! Jjt CHINA f Infillrolion SXSCi 7 No Easy Job American authorities are hopeful U.S. fighting men won't be needed in the Vict Nam war that the big boost in arms, training a i d, transportation, communications and other sup port will enable the South Vietnamese army to root out the Communists by itself. The job is not easy. The Viet Cong are trained in Communist North Viet Nam, and supplied from there along the inland and sea infiltration routes shown on the accompanying map. Their objective is to win over the masses of Vietnamese peasants, the farmers and rice growers. They use terror, persuasion, or both. A raid on a village is designed to show the peasant that his government can't protect him. The public execution of a vil lage headman for "cooperating with the government" discour ages other officials from such cooperation, and helps to negate progress in the countryside. Guerrilla strength has been estimated at close to 20,000. They have machine guns in large supply and plenty of shells, mines and grenades some captured, some made In jungle arms factories, some shipped down from the north. , Called Dictator While some vocal critics con tend Diem is a dictator with no real support among his people, the United States government has given him its full support. A little more than a year ago five paratroop battalions tried to overthrow Diem, claiming they wanted political reforms that would strengthen the na tion's fight against the Com munists. Just last week two South Vict Nam air force planes bombed the presidential palace. Diem has weathered all at tacks. Ho answers his critics, when he chooses to recognize them at all, by saying that he will grant total freedom when the situiitlon permits it, but to give it now beforo his coun try is strong would hand the Communists a prize opportunity to destroy the republic itself. South Vict Nam, as the re mainder of Indochina, has a long history of strife. The Viet namese are a mixture of Indo nesian and Chinese blood and China administered the region off and on for centuries in the dim past. The country was called Annam then. At the end of the 18th century it was inde pendent and included the entire eastern coastline of Indochina. By the end of the 19th century, the French had established themselves as protectors not only of Annam (which was broken Into smaller pieces) but also neighboring Cambodia and Laos. Both borders and names were overhauled again in 1954 at the end of the Indochina war be tween the French and Com munist rebels. North Viet Nam became a Chinese Communist satellite state. South Viet Nam, Cambodia and Laos were granted precarious independ ence. In the last eight years the main preoccupation of the West has been to prevent Communist expansion from North Viet Nam into the remainder of the pen insula, with something less than complete success. Communists have taken control of a large chunk of Laos, they continue to apply pressure on South Viet Nam. The outcome of one of the biggest gambles taken by the Kennedy administration hinges on how the Communists react to current American counter measures in South Viet Nam. Role for Brynner TOKYO OB Yul Brynner, who gained acting fame as king of Siam, is to play an American of Japanese descent. Producer Harold Hecht says Brynner will play a Nisei in "Ashiya," a post war story with a theme of inter racial conflict. By GAYLORD P. GODWIN Of the Uolted Press International WASHINGTON The For eign Agriculture Service has noted signs that Red China's 1958 boast of a "great leap for ward in agriculture" has been followed by some quiet steps backward. FAS said Red China's agri culture is being somewhat de centralized, the rigors of the commune system eased, and the emphasis in government invest ment shifted toward agriculture and light industry after a long attempt to develop heavy in dustry. Buying on Credit Two important facts broke through China's blackout on eco nomic information last year, FAS said. First, China made large cash purchases of food grains from Australia and Can ada. Second, it arranged for credit to cover further ship ments during the current fiscal year. This spring, some of these food bills are coming due. And the word has gone around, ac cording to FAS, that the Chi nese are anxious not only to complete deliveries under earn er deals but to make new food agreements with Free World countries. The grain shipments, plus the nature of payment procedures, are evidence as to the urgency of Chinas food needs and the state of its agriculture, accord ing to FAS. Purchases Listed From Australia, last year Chi na bought for cash 43 million bushels of wheat, 17 million bushels of barley, and 4 million bushels of oats all apparently for shipment between January and June. This fiscal year (through Oc tober) Australia has shipped China 31 million bushels of wheat on credit 10 per cent down, 40 per cent in six months, and the rest 12 months after final shipment. From Canada, China s cash purchases last fisca1 year were 28 million bushels of wheat and 12 million bushels of barley, shipped between January and June. This fiscal year China received a further 28 million bushels of wheat and 17 million bushels of barley on credit 25 per cent down and the rest in nine months. F-85 ... by OLDS of cours". Compact thrift with big car comfort. fitSt-j r-,l ! Ik J I t mm 3 nth a oak ; F.URrn E -J people do read SPOT ADS . t . you are J)l 5-1551 for complete advertising servicea Washing Machine Service Co. SPECIAL DURINGHIS EVENT UUtf a- i.i uii m win - 1 ! hs h i u.v- $299.95 without trad. 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