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About Eugene register-guard. (Eugene, Or.) 1930-1983 | View Entire Issue (April 13, 1954)
Department Gets Attention McCarthy Puts 128 on the Spot Bv BEM I'I1ICE 01 W HI" i, -n McCarthy C's iho names of i has ui"1"' ' . . ' with his in- P . . .mimism and jlions in - 1 .j.t nf these ho has Pnncctcd with the State :Mtn'' ...j havinfl heen mcu f . . 1950 including the period of Mediations Committee and named said he had never been a Conv ,i " " ' K""ons ai ine n. nine persons. They were: Monmouth,' N.J radar center. Phillip C. Jessun, U. S. ambas. The 38 ennnertpri hu Mnr-...u,., i-Lj n. ct i 'vv01uij iu aauur-awarge, me oiuiu uiuaruncni sun nrp tt'm:L lh. White House dministrations of flOOSCVCll Ul '' have oeen times since Ihe ow"'' if j( various glli Claims IP Senator LntNfiTON (If) Sen. Mri'WoW (R-Nob) died ,Cr suncnns - Be was "u aim ,,b, oolitics. ffld, who was stricken driving home from a dinner had playm sou L'rmer governor of Nebras- CimctOtne sennie liruaau )53 to fill out the term of ie Sen. Kenneth S. Wherry :b). . . Krm would have expired Ijanuary. .Id's death leaves the nolitical lineup with 46 blicans, 48 uemocrais anu j nMt. Tlie present neuran- urnor, Robert C. Crosby, is lublican and it was expected iuld appoint a KcpuDiican the vacancy. employed there. None of the 38 ever has been convicted in any court because of charges brought by McCarthy, though one Owen Lattimore is under indictment for perjury. No Names, Please While 27 no longer ara em. ployed ir the State Department, because of security orders the department, will not say who re signed without being aware that his loyalty was questioned, who was forced out or who resigned rather than face investigation. Some apparently are workine in other federal agencies. in a broadcast April 6. 1954. McCarthy said his permanent subcommittee on investigations naa questioned 128 witnesses in a little over a year and that 84 of these had refused to answer on "the ground that if they told the truth tney might go to iail These 84 are included in the 128 total. McCarthy said in that broad cast over the Columbia Broad casting System that "24 witnesses with Communist backgrounds have been discharged from jobs in which they were handling top secret contracts tor material." Early this year McCarthy's sub. committee released a printed re port of its activities for the past year. It listed 79 persons who re fused to reply to questions. Sev enty-one refused on the grounds of the First Amendment to the Constitution. Two declined on the basis of marital privilege; that is, a husband does not have to tes tify against his wife. One wit ness refused without invoking any constitutional privilege. 5. Lifts Ban Bomb Film SH1NGTON (IB The gov Uhas lifted its ban on for- lowing of color films of 152 hydrogen bomb explo it the Pacific. Civil Defense Administra- bokesman revealed foreign agencies or commercial con- anting copies of the color j "Operation Ivy" may ob them from a commercial here for $84.55 each, top ltvel policy decision of administration previously id foreign distribution of movies of the November, blast. Informed sources the ban was based on the that color reproductions it Ihe bomb could do would loo great an emotional im- on nations already jittery ! tests. civil defense spokesman (aable to explain why the as revoked. He said merely upon review the govern- decided to release it. Included in Figure The 79 witnesses listed by the McCarthy committee report are included in the 84 figure used by McCarthy in his broadcast. Twenty of the 79 witnesses were labeled by McCarthy as writers whose works were used in either the Army or Stale De partment information programs. Uhreo of the 79 were employed by the government at the time they were questioned, though one of these was subpenaed in con nection with gambling activities and not communism. The remainder of the 84 men tioned in the broadcast had vari ous backgrounds employes of former employes of defense plants, officials or members of the Communist party, employes of private organizations, or teach ers. On March 8, 1950, McCarthy appeared before a special sub committee of the Senate Foreign Owen Lattimore. Johns Hop kins University professor. Haldoro Hanson, chief of the technical cooperation projects staff of the Point Four program. lister Caukin Brunauer, State Department administrative aide. Gustavo Duran. employed by the State Department 1943-46. Dorothy Kenyon, New York at torney and former member of the Commission on the Status of Women in the United Nations Economic and Social Council. Frederick L. Schuman, profes sor at Williams College. John Stewart Service. State Department adviser on Far East ern Affairs. Harlow Shapley, professor of astronomy at Harvard Univer sity. 'Unusual Affinity' McCarthy charged Jcssup with "an unusual affinity for Commu nist causes." The majority on the Senate subcommittee found: "The record contains striking evidence of concrete facts which conclu sively demonstrate that Dr. Jcs sup is actively opposing the aims of communism by deeds as well as words." McCarthy charged that Latti more was a "top Russian spy" and the "chief architect of our Eastern policy." He listed Latti more as a State Department consultant. The subcommittee majority said: Lattimore was not in any proper sense an employe of the State Department and "we find no evidence to support the charge that Owen Lattimore is tne 'top Hussian spy ... or any other sort of spy." The subcommittee Democrats also said: "Far from being the chief architect of our Far East ern policy,' we find that Latti more has had no controlling or effective influence on that policy." On Dec. 16, 1952, a grand jury in Washington indicted Latti more on seven counts of perjury following a subcommittee inves tigation into the private research organization, the Institute of Pacific Relations, to determine whether it was infiltrated with Communists and whether it in fluenced U.S. foreign policy. Four Counts Tossed Out In May 1953 four counts were tossed out by U.S. Dist, Judge Luther Youngdahl, former gov ernor of Minnesota. Youngdahl said there was some doubt as to whether the remaining three counts would pass the test of materiality. The chief charge against Lat timore is that he lied when he munist sympathizer or promoter of Communist interests. The gov ernment has appealed for rein statement of the four counts, and the case still is pending. McCarthy charged Hanson was "a man with a mission a mis sion to communize the world." The subcommittee majority re ported: "On the basis of our record and the result of the FBI investigation as indicated by the loyalty board's action, we do not: find Haldorc Hanson to be dis loyal, or a man with pro-Communist proclivities or a - mission to communize the world." McCarthy charged Mrs. Brun auer was pro-Communist and said her case was "one of the most fantastic" he knew about. The subcommittee majority found: ". , . There is no evidence thai Mrs. Brunauer is disloyal, a Communist sympathizer or a se curity risk." 'Communist Beliefs' McCarthy charged Duran was known for his Communist beliefs and activities and had been active in Soviet espionage activities in Spam. The subcommittee did not take up the Duran case since he no longer is employed in govern ment. Duran denied the charges. McCarthy declared Miss Ken yon to be a member of organiza tions which he said were Commu nist or Communist fronts. The subcommittee majority found: "The evidence before this subcommittee fails to establish that Dorothy Kenyon is a Commu nist or otherwise disloyal person It is apparen'. that she was less than judicious in joining certain organizations during the late 1930s and early 1940s." McCarthy said Schuman was a lecturer at the State Department, with the duty of explaining to dip lomats how to be better diplo mats, and that he was a sponsor of Communist front organizations. The subcommittee majority found that Schuman's only connec tion with the department was the delivery of a one-hour lecture in 1946. McCarthy charged that John Stewart Service was pro-Commu nist, that during the period 1943- 45 Service advocated the cause of the Chinese Communists. Service Cleared The subcommittee majority re ported: "We have carefully con sidered the evidence and conclude that Service is neither a disloyal person, a pro-Communist nor a security risk." Service retired from the State Department, McCarthy charged that Sh'apley had belonged to 36 Communist front organizations and said he was an employe of the State De The subcommittee majority held that Shapley was not in the proper sense an employe of the State Department. Shapley told the committee that since he had never been on the S'ate Depart ment payroll, he had no desire to dignify the charges by appearing before the committee. From time to time McCarthy named other persons, cither in committee sessions or on the Senate floor. They included John Carter Vincent, minister to Swit zerland; John Paton Davies Jr., now counsel to the U. S. Embassy at Lima, Peru; Lauchlin Currie, aide to President Roosevelt; Da vid Demerest Lloyd, speech writ er on the White House staff of President Truman; and Philleo Nash, another Truman White House aide. McCarthy said Vincent "is charged with being a member of the Communist party and to the best of my knowledge, is also charged with espionage activities in Switzerland. Vincent Cleared Vincent was declared com pletely cleared of the charges by a State Department loyalty re view board in February, 1952. Davies was accused by. McCar thy of following the Communist party line in China. He said also that there was "a vast amount of information on his Communist activities." Davies, who has been investi gatedand cleared eight times by the State Department, recent ly was recalled from Peru to un dergo another investigation. McCarthy said, "The full out lines of Currie's betrayal have yet to be traced." Currie denied before a Senate committee that he was pro-Com munist or had any Communist connections. Lloyd was listed by McCarthy as a man who engaged in Com munist activities. Lloyd previous ly had been cleared by a secur ity board. Nothing ever devel- opped in his case. Nash was accused of having been in close contact with the Communist underground in Washington. He called McCarthy charges "a contemptible lie." He subsequently was promoted by President Truman. Senate Speech McCarthy in a Senate speech named 26 persons as being sus pected of disloyalty. He said all wero in the State Department, three Jcssup, Vincent and Da vies ho made public previously. Of the remaining 23, six worked for the United States Information Service. Two of the six are still employed in the information serv ice, which has been transferred from the Stale Department and is now called the United States In formation Agency. Old records of the information service shov that, of the four no longer employed, one resigned and two left under reductions in force. As for the fourth, the rec ords show three persons by the same name, all of whom re-' signed. j Nine of the 23 still are on the Slate Department payroll. The others resigned or were fired. Two other names helped put: McCarthy in the spotlight this year those of Irving Peress and Annie Lee Moss. Peress, an Army dentist, was described by McCarthy at a hear-' ing as a "Fifth Amendment Com-1 munist." He had been given an honorable discharge as a major after it was discovered he had, declined to answer certain secu-! rity questions. McCarthy clashed with the Army when he demanded to know who was responsible for granting such a discharge to Peress. Top Secret Papers Mrs. Moss was described at an other hearing as having been identified by an undercover in vestigator as a Communist in the 1940s. McCarthy said she was employed as a clerk handling top secret Army material. "Mrs. Moss appeared before Mc Carthy's committee and denied she ever had been a Communist. She said several other persons with the same name live in Wash ington. The Army said she han dled only coded messages. Mrs. Moss subsequently was returned to employment in the Army in another job, pending completion of the Army's own security investigation. Register-Guard, Eugene, Ore. Tucs., Apr. 13, 1954 - 3A TIMELY TAILORED PLATEAU SUITS Baxter & Henning McDonald Theatre Bids. Acid Stomach After You Eat? aVr speed relief from gas, heartburn acid indigestion. wm U Oil, 10 JUMS FO THE TUMMV WOULD A LOAN HELP YOU ? Hit V 41 SAY THE WORD! If you need friendly help in your money problems, call on us! We can Loan you the cash you need for setting finances straight. Merge your numerous small obligations into one compact debt that you can pay off conven iently! LOANS $50 $500 On car, furniture or signature. 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