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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (May 21, 1955)
8-(Sc 2)-StatMman, Salem, Or., Saturday, May 21, 1.955 TDD IE W1SILID) TTfflin S WIEIE IIi FreeWorld Strength Seen Forcing Red Polic Reds Shooting for Chain of Neutrals Austrian Treaty Signing: Rebirth of a Nation By MAX HARRELSON Associated Press Writer THE signing of the Austrian- state treaty created the first link in what Russia hopes will become a chain of neutral nations stretching across central Europe. The forthcoming visit of top Soviet leaders to Belgrade appears to be aimed primarily at adding Yugoslavia to th chain ' j Both events are eenerallv re-1 The visit of the two top Soviet rarHAH h- ?ininmat a nnrt f alleaders to President Tito is master plan, which also includes (complete vindication of his de- unifiratinn and neutralization of inance Ol btaiin, wnictt lea to tne Germany as another section of break with the Cominform in the buffer zone between East and; 1948. Unless you were a Yugo- West Although the Soviet cave caused a few cases of nerves in the Western countries, there doesn't seem to be any real basis for worry. The initial re action to the Soviet over tures in both West Ger man y a n d Ho-lon Ml slav, it would be impossible to moves' understand the impact of this visit. Tito s prestige has been given a powerful shot in the arm.' Although Tito has declared that there is no question of "changing sides" or of any secret agreements with the Russians, it is only natural that Western leaders should watch for con cessions which might damage the Western position. There is some concern, for in- I stance, over the future of the Bal kan treaty of mutual assistance among Yugoslavia, Turkey and Greece. This is the one major t --,.. r- ' ' '- ' -r- i MyjrJ 1 ,, al For th U.S.: Ml.t:rl nlwlr p-!-- rk..- wiMlu For Russia: JOHN FOSTER DULLES independence is finally regained. V. M. MOLOTOV , ' ! I II 1 Historic Turning Point May Be Near By J. M. ROBERTS Associated Press News Analyst PRESIDENT EISENHOWER and Secretary Dulles gave the impression this week of men who, earnestly search ing for peace, were cautiously placing their hands on the lower rungs of a ladder which just barely might lead them to it There was no disguising the pleasure with which Dulles reported to a nationwide Max Harrelson Is chief cor respondent of the Associated Press' United Nations Bureau. Yugoslavia has been quick and Ue Yugoslavia has Hunt. 4V u West Germany is clearly tn , linked with the Western Power.!"? 3 Uret f in the North Atlantic Treaty!" StrengtA rays Off -In the past, however, Yugoslav leaders have insisted on the correctness of the pact and de clared it was "fully in harmony with the spirit and aims of the United Nations Charter. Yugo slav sources also have told this correspondent that the basic of Organization and apparently is ' not even giving any serious con sideration to the Soviet idea of a neutral Germany. Yugoslavia, while not in anyreas0- for improvement iiiance wun xne west, is aen- relations" between ' Yugoslavia nitely against becoming a mem-jand the SoViet bloc was because Der oi any neutral dioc ine;psidt Tito insisted on keeD- JL7U1 n!linS the country's defenses strong. New Dimension K Uti,"'utut f1 -fO wi According to these sources. Quote Former Prime Minister Winston Churchill, referring to the planned top-level Bi4 Four conference: "A united and .strong Western Big Three can go to the meeting seeking the peace of thd world, the welfare of all mankind, and that period of relaxed tension, disarma- ment and all-around pros perity which is within our reach and may soon be with in our grasp." Atomic political independence, based on cooperation with all other coun tries regardless of ideology. President Tito felt called upon to re-state this policy last week to reassure -he West and to warn the Russians against hoping for too much. But even before Tito's statement, the Russians un- Bulganin. and . Khrushchev can expect nothing more from Tito than assurances of his will id co operate with ell countries end to be dominated by none, Thus, it appears doubtful that the Soviet ' leaders Win ' leave Belgrade with anything - as tan gible as Austria's pledge of neu- FAR EAST: Island Problem Unsolved By FRED HAMPSON AP Foreign Correspondent tt"vxt xr"wr- t wi i nn n-unu viuiuugn nib-. Uarlrinff Annm in Asia onrl Wmnt Tttovxvtn .c.haw4 two- radio and television audience that the world may have reached a turning point in history, or the President's comment that it might mean a new .dawn of peace. Dulles said that didn t mean Russia had got religion, but that she might I be arriving at the conclusion that the pres sure was too great, and that she'd better conform a lit tle better to the "rules and practices of the civilized community." "We find for the first time, world that, in these recent days, they have been doing more than setting pitfalls for West German rearmament. Dulles mentioned again, as he did last February, and as Wins ton Churchill did Monday, the possibility that there will emerge in Russia a group of patriots who will eventually put that country's national interests and the welfare of its people ahead ot the interests of international communism. Roberts they evolve around the feelingjturn through soul-testing years Kaf w.ctr-rt T-rvtir-tfe aro havo nnf tKoiV Mxro tn iftn-jue secretary saia, a soitenmg 11c wd.Ucuui ouuut uic uclms lur a pus K. Vi4 ViAAs emmrt in ri tV 4Viai v1 o CTO nnl familtoe ctivfr1v Europe have caused the world to Reds I counter to Asian yearnings, to momentarily forget the problemj Tarhpn Pvaniation months' stav unhamnered for the return. of Quemoy and Matsu, if the! West and the Communists sit: ago, although far north of For mosa Strait, had a bad effect on down to discuss problems of JJhe Chiang's position. Police controls 6, on Formosa are noticeably tight- return to the question of these tiny remnants of Gen. Chiang er, poutical omcers more in 1 AviHfinra Avon rflrtnrtr firo xi-snes once extensive cnnsometieJ watched. I iiuaii w x uayp;i; A vuiaiig - . . . Risks High talked int harking im aMin jnummizmg They have not settled down. Al most to a man they wait the day they fight back home. . Buildup Continues Meanwhile the Red air build up on the mainland opposite Formosa continues. . Without I Skips Big Four The secretary would not prej udice the projected Big Four conference by mentioning it, but that will be the day when there will be a real possibility of meaningful settlements. The secretary did not go into of the Soviet atUtude. only two days away from con- sible German settlement, which ferertces in Europe, some with is the key to European amity. Molotov. j Past Reborn The broadcast from the Presi dent's office took on something of the flavor of a town meeting a demonstration of the will ingness and necessity for the chosen administrators of the na- the new danger,011' foreign. P"cy to report, merely saying that, now there is a foundation of real Western European unity. As he spoke, there were all sorts of reports about what Rus sia might offer specifically for reunification of Germany, and what she might expect in return. There was a repetition of the re port heard off and on for some Ana 11 tne JKeas appear to be Extremists say offering real concessions to survive, cuiiiuia ic twiiwiv110 vw v 1 v j, v a 1 v, wiikvi 9 . . -arte nf thi u-nrW it i a tafo RpHs wnnlH trv in flnnH tho ic.;Ume- -OmmUniSt bet that a rising wave of opinion land with more infiltrators, oUs-imakes airfield building the easi 11 1 t U 4 . 1,1 U:V. A J -;v LUk w current round of diplomatic ac- point would be the Nationalist up again: j - i-offieeVs stm don't after a eries of important !i"r"fu u" " lor some he couldn't m?s? American omcers stiu aon t, . . t. . . , ,Ume that she might even be tivity began for permitting the Reds to take these rocky bits of territory will swell into a crescendo. doubtedly realized that theitraUty But they may score once xugosiav ieaaer wouia oe in more in the propaganda war, posiUon to drive a hard bargain! M they did recently in their if, in fact he was willing toidisarmament proposals. - Ifai.n at a , , . . The present Soviet aim seems inai may De tne expianauon to be to convince the world that for the fact that Russia's two top men. Premier Nikolai Bulganin and Communist party boss Niki- ta Khrushchev, are going to pay "The underwater explosion o: a small nuclear device in tb eastern Pacific Ocean has bee successfully completed.' That's how the Atomic Ener Commission and the Defense' Department this week revealed the opening of a new phase of atomic weaponeering: the use of the atom's energy in anti-submarine depth charges. Th A nnrfofttrator fact nraciifn- ably occurred some hundreds of Lead Expands miles Off the West Coast. . The Russians, who earlier sur- I , 1 think he could, but ol - -,,m ti.rv.top th control or tne strait tor a long " i riven on the German boundary 11 ils rouniprnari wprp pvpr nrp.i scnted to the Russian people I ?n ij,she could get neu- " r tr9l Ton r;ormontf in fAtiipn with the same earnestness by Russia's leaders, would do more soldier himself. Chiang's troops, few of them prof essional -soldiers, did not flee the mainland to become island- However, the risks in giving ers. They ran away because they up Matsu and Quemoy without wnted to fight another day. To a fight are considerable. Mostly; keep faith, stay strong for the re- MILITARY: Red Challenge Russia has turned over. a . new policy leaf and is sincerely try ing to ease world tension. And many Western leaders, including personal visits to Tito instead of j sir Winston Churchill, are now sending lesser officials. statin ir cautiouslv that mavho The Russians, in announcing Russians realv mean it tj piaius iui uie igraa.e us, aia time. not state any reason otner tnan the rather vague aim of improv ing relations between the two countries, which have been steadily on the mend since the In Short Extended: A formal invitation experts to visit America this summer to learn how Iowa farmers raise corn and hogs. ' - Convicted: By a federal court at Washington, turnabout wit- death of the late Premier Stalin. to a delegation o arm Quick Followup Within 24 hours after the an nouncement, however, -Moscow radio offered the prospect of "peace and ' independence" to rrr-annt n. trali TV.i f neSS MTie NatVlg Of lying tin course, could apply toGrmany.dfr ath ? federal Commu the Scandinavian countries andimcatlons Comimssion hearing, others, including Yugoslavia. Announced: By Adlai Steven Why is Tito receiving Russian j son, upon his return from a tour leaders, if he genuinely wants to of Africa,- that he still is unde keep his country free of Soviet cided about seeking the Demo ties? One Yugoslav source put it era tic nomination for the presi this way: Idency next year. BUSINESS: Historic Peak Washington indicates the Red Air Force has several thousand new MIG17s, which are con sidered to be in a class with the Supersabre. The Russians are also known The explosion took place! prised American aircraft experts against the background of re-with the large number of M1G- ports that Russia has built up a 5s they were able to turn over fleet of ahnnt 375 TT.nnate While tK th none of them is known to belihg the Korean War, have caused!0 have developed a counterpart atomic powered the USS Nau-lsbme additional eyebrow lifting!101" B47 medium jet bomber. tilus is believed to be alone in at the Pentagon. In a third category, the Soviet that field thev constitute the! In( ;nAii;n- r.-n in .Air Force apparently has taken tn I 1 i- rict, in -,o.,- Ilwiw uiav uc WIJ uui ot ,ea navai power, xew dicate that Russia has increased r" " 1"wuv"u" "cajr ropportunities. They are stalling, doubt that sooner or later Russia hr lead over the United States. mDers- land building strength. wiu nave a-suds. jri supersonic let fighters planes! -emocrauc sen. ymington oil Beyond that, the picture is too Whereas the conventional like the Air Force Supersabre Mlssouri, a former Secretary ofimUrky. The Reds undoubtedly Coolie lines can over mountains. But to equip such a vast system with enough modern gas-gulping jets to actually chase hostile navies and air forces away is more than slave labor can do. Russia would have to step in and the contribution would have to be even bigger than it was in Korea. The gasoline supply for new airfields will be a terrific problem until some railroads are built toward the coast So far there is no sign of any. Both Sides Stall What is going to happen? than all the peace talk they have ever put out to convince the People Some observers even thought she might agree to a "fixed term? neutrality if Germany and the Allies would agree not to activate those so-far paper divisions. Freedom Is Contagious Justice Roberts Dies Dulles struck pointedly at one Until last weekend retired ! Moscow's major problems by former U.S. Supreme Court f "B ut 1 ? ,f1usloan Justice Owen Josephus Roberts I"8 ?aVe the satellites an had been a patient at a Phila-I0? ndow. on a free nation delphia hospital. But, feeling torJ Vme, " many year death was near, the 80-year-old; an(that Austria i happiness and "Great Dissenter" insisted on ?elfare W,M hound to spur the crnin hnmp n hi. farm nAa-iSireS Of SUbjUgated peoples. historic Valley Forge in Penn-PultIes. has stressed the need of uiak ainue iuiik ucxuie ue was A common guess on Formosa is that both sides will avoid anjsylvania. He told friends he pre open clash as long as the United jf erred to die among familiar sur- States stays around in strength and the control of the strait rests with the Free World. Both sides hope that time will incubate new depth charges dropped against submarines in World War II car ried a force of about 300 tons of I TNT, a small nuclear charge might release energy equal to 1,000 or more tons of TNT. CROSS , PRODUCT t . J .'. w I . .l ''!M-!-!5 - , " . K : -22. $ ' . -v.-.v.'.v, 719 X? , JffSS J9S4 J3SS which can exceed the speed of j the Air Force, immediately sound in level flight asked a Senate study of the rela- The total number of Air Force :"ve strengtn oi soviet ana iree and Navy planes with this capa bility can be counted in the hun dreds. Information received in Statistical Support Optimists counting on a record year for Uv business could find statistical support this week. in a first-quarter economic report by the UJS. Commerce Depart ment Here's what the official figures showed: American business, in the first three months this year, turned out more goods and services than in any other quarter in history. Total volume of goods and serv ices produced (the economists call it "gross national product' or "GNP") was at an annual rate of 370 billion dollars. That was just enough to top the previous peak of $369,900, 000,000 recorded in the second quarter of booming 1953. In the first quarter of last spending was made possible by year, when business was in a a sharp m factory wages slump, GNP was at an annual and .mnlovmpnt What th rate of 356 billions. Thus, total; nomists call "disposable personal v u . -'"J ii ccu , income" the total amount ot y iuun p si one ye.mon.y people have left after Three factors accounted for the;paym- taxe9was at a record rise: stepped up purchases of high in the January -March quar consumer goods, particularly! t .4 w;---ii. POLIO: Federal Blueprint Voluntary Plan oculating all first and second Urging '-maximum precau-(oufatry Dr. Le0nard a. Scheele, "u.'u wTueu ... ? . , I surgeon general, said that be eral laws to prevent black-mar keting operations, the adminis tration this week made public its plans for handling the Salk polio vaccine. Mrs. Oveta Culp Hobby, secre tary of healtL, education and welfare, asked for and obtained President Eisenhower's endorse ment of a plan which among other things would utilize up to 28 million dollars in grants to states to make sure that children in families unable to afford Salk vaccine would get the anti-polio shots. hope the UJS. will grow weary and pull out or somehow ham string itself into ineffectiveness, world military forces. He claimed and that communism will inherit Secretary of Defense Wilson has Asia. Undoubtedly the West underestimated Communistjhopes first for a collapse inside strength all along and failed to China from pressures, historic weaknesses, recent adversity and over-ambitions. The second best hope is for a hardening take steps necessary to obtain "adequate arms" for the United States. Symington continued that the new intelligence reports make it have so far escaped it clear that "in quality as well as! This latter can best be encour quantity of planes, the Commu-'aged by no more retreats. cause of production delays it was nists are at least in the process! questionable whether enough ( of surpassing the United States vaccine to take care of National and I am confident they are Foundation requirements would .well ahead with the production of the possible ultimat weapon, the intercontinental ballistics missile.", "In any case," Symington con tinued, "we should now be given an accounting, a balance sheet as to our strength as aeainst that of snots nave been given. the Communists. It is time 2. After all first and second: to put an end to this game of graders have received two shots, 'blind man's bluff." available supply would be di- roundings. On Tuesday his widow and his only child were at his side when he succumbed to a heart attack, 15 days short of his 80th birthday: An impassioned and eloquent debater in the courtroom, Rob erts reputedly gave up a $150,000 annual income to accept a Su preme Court appointment by former President Hoover in 1930 He retired from the bench in 1945. In his first seven years as an associate Justice, Roberts occu pied a unique position:, his vote on many cases held the balance against communism by those who! of power between the so-called conservatives and the liberals be available before mid-August The I Foundation, however, later announced it has almost com pleted shipments for first shots throughout the country. In some Southern states, where the polio season begins early, some second vided amone the states on the Specifically, the plan set forth' K JM iK c tu,u Q 1. All present supplies of vac cine should go toward fulfilling the National Foundation for In fantile Paralysis' program of in- group not covered in the Na tional Foundation's program. Additional priority groups would be announced as vaccinations progressed. An official indicated the third group would be chil dren 11 through. 4, the fourth, children 10 through 19, and the fifth pregnant women. 3. Each state would supervise its owndistribution through a single agency designated by each Sidelights Somewhere between Missis sippi and New Hampshire is a heroic but unsung railway mail clerk. Roger Larson, a New governor. 1 Hampshire bee keeper, received 4. The distribution to the states fragments of a bee shipping box would be directed by the gov Erom tne aouw aiong witn a eminent which alreadv has a tightly sealed and angrily buz- promise of complete cooperation zing, mail ,bag containing some. from each of the vaccine manu- Dates Wednesday, May 25 j Opening , American Iron and Steel Institute, New York. Thursday, May 26 General Elections in Brit ain.' Monday, May 30 Memorial Day. secretary. Listeners quickly noted an air of partisanship and a proprie tary feeling when Dulles and Eisenhower referred to the pol icy of attaining a position of strength which they had been following for two years, giving it credit for producing whatever is bright in the current situation. Observers remembered that this was an American policy, heavily underwritten by the Acheson- Truman administration through a bipartisan legislative approach, and many felt it was something which belonged to the nation, not just to one administration. ' New Direction While emphasizing the caution with which future developments must be approached, there was Chief Justice Hughes, Holmes, r 1-:. 1 o . . . . . ,l ..... . . one line in tne Dulles exposition Roberts cast the deciding vote 1 u , .U 1J A friintiUii.A A A I"""-" H"-- ""t justment Administration (AAA) as unconstitutional. But he also cast the deciding votes when the Supreme Court approved 5-4 the Wagner Labor Relations Act and the unemployment compensa tion provisions of the social security law. In very After j 10 years of refusing to sign an! Austrian treaty because they could not bring themselves to remove their troops, Russian forces turned their backs on the West and were marching home, even before the treaty is ratified. But there was no assurance his latter years Roberts that in case their new diplo- often disagreed . with the matic front failed of its purpose. majority. At his retirement he, that they would not come back had more than 200 dissents. or try to new cars, record-breaking con struction of new homes, and in creased spending by business-' men on inventories and new contributed substantially to the rise. Income from corporate di vidends was higher, too. With the statistics pointing to equipment The report pointed , banner year for business, there out that in the first three months . were some who complained that of the 15,000 bees originally sent His question: What must it have been like when 15,000 bees es caped in a closed railway car . . . land what .mail clerk, without veil, smokepot or regard for personal safety, got those bees into the mail sack? Fishermen Frank Ames and f acturers. The 28 million dollars in fed eral funds would be used after the . National Foundation com pletes its program. The money would be used to buy vaccine for the states or in repayment after the states made their own pur chases. This carried out Presi- Roye Angell of Elmir N. yj dent Eisenhower's earlier prom- this year, businessmen startedjthe new prosperity was passing! brought home a catch they can that no child would be de- DUUOing up meir inventories in- them hv Rv and lar biff com- nal1- tnot ahrait- two shininr stead of cutting them down. ipanies showed more impressive' playable cornets they snared in The increase ia consumer! gains than the little fellows. Ithe Chemung River. nied the vaccine because of in ability to pay. (All Righto Reserved, AP Ntwsftaturtx) 1 yd! rrri Jfep . Iff J Is J THE WALLS OF JERICHO DIFFERENT CALLING CARD
