8-(Sc 2)-StatMman, Salem, Or., Saturday, May 21, 1.955
TDD IE W1SILID) TTfflin S WIEIE IIi
FreeWorld
Strength Seen Forcing Red Polic
Reds Shooting for
Chain of
Neutrals
Austrian Treaty Signing: Rebirth of a Nation
By MAX HARRELSON
Associated Press Writer
THE signing of the Austrian- state treaty created the
first link in what Russia hopes will become a chain
of neutral nations stretching across central Europe. The
forthcoming visit of top Soviet leaders to Belgrade
appears to be aimed primarily at adding Yugoslavia to
th chain ' j
Both events are eenerallv re-1 The visit of the two top Soviet
rarHAH h- ?ininmat a nnrt f alleaders to President Tito is
master plan, which also includes (complete vindication of his de-
unifiratinn and neutralization of inance Ol btaiin, wnictt lea to tne
Germany as another section of break with the Cominform in
the buffer zone between East and; 1948. Unless you were a Yugo-
West
Although the Soviet
cave caused a
few cases of
nerves in the
Western
countries,
there doesn't
seem to be
any real basis
for worry.
The initial re
action to the
Soviet over
tures in both
West Ger
man y a n d Ho-lon
Ml
slav, it would be impossible to
moves' understand the impact of this
visit. Tito s prestige has been
given a powerful shot in the
arm.'
Although Tito has declared
that there is no question of
"changing sides" or of any secret
agreements with the Russians, it
is only natural that Western
leaders should watch for con
cessions which might damage
the Western position.
There is some concern, for in-
I stance, over the future of the Bal
kan treaty of mutual assistance
among Yugoslavia, Turkey and
Greece. This is the one major
t --,.. r- ' ' '- ' -r- i
MyjrJ 1 ,, al
For th U.S.: Ml.t:rl nlwlr p-!-- rk..- wiMlu For Russia:
JOHN FOSTER DULLES independence is finally regained. V. M. MOLOTOV
, ' ! I II 1
Historic Turning
Point May Be Near
By J. M. ROBERTS
Associated Press News Analyst
PRESIDENT EISENHOWER and Secretary Dulles gave
the impression this week of men who, earnestly search
ing for peace, were cautiously placing their hands on the
lower rungs of a ladder which just barely might lead
them to it
There was no disguising the pleasure with which
Dulles reported to a nationwide
Max Harrelson Is chief cor
respondent of the Associated
Press' United Nations Bureau.
Yugoslavia has been quick and Ue Yugoslavia has
Hunt. 4V u
West Germany is clearly tn ,
linked with the Western Power.!"? 3 Uret f
in the North Atlantic Treaty!"
StrengtA rays Off -In
the past, however, Yugoslav
leaders have insisted on the
correctness of the pact and de
clared it was "fully in harmony
with the spirit and aims of the
United Nations Charter. Yugo
slav sources also have told this
correspondent that the basic
of
Organization and apparently is
' not even giving any serious con
sideration to the Soviet idea of a
neutral Germany.
Yugoslavia, while not in anyreas0- for improvement
iiiance wun xne west, is aen- relations" between ' Yugoslavia
nitely against becoming a mem-jand the SoViet bloc was because
Der oi any neutral dioc ine;psidt Tito insisted on keeD-
JL7U1 n!linS the country's defenses strong. New Dimension
K Uti,"'utut f1 -fO wi According to these sources.
Quote
Former Prime Minister
Winston Churchill, referring
to the planned top-level Bi4
Four conference: "A united
and .strong Western Big
Three can go to the meeting
seeking the peace of thd
world, the welfare of all
mankind, and that period of
relaxed tension, disarma-
ment and all-around pros
perity which is within our
reach and may soon be with
in our grasp."
Atomic
political independence, based on
cooperation with all other coun
tries regardless of ideology.
President Tito felt called upon
to re-state this policy last week
to reassure -he West and to warn
the Russians against hoping for
too much. But even before Tito's
statement, the Russians un-
Bulganin. and . Khrushchev can
expect nothing more from Tito
than assurances of his will id co
operate with ell countries end to
be dominated by none,
Thus, it appears doubtful that
the Soviet ' leaders Win ' leave
Belgrade with anything - as tan
gible as Austria's pledge of neu-
FAR EAST: Island Problem Unsolved
By FRED HAMPSON
AP Foreign Correspondent
tt"vxt xr"wr- t wi i
nn n-unu viuiuugn nib-. Uarlrinff Annm in Asia onrl Wmnt Tttovxvtn .c.haw4 two-
radio and television audience
that the world may have reached
a turning point in history, or the
President's comment that it might
mean a new .dawn of peace.
Dulles said that didn t mean
Russia had got religion, but
that she might
I be arriving at
the conclusion
that the pres
sure was too
great, and that
she'd better
conform a lit
tle better to
the "rules and
practices of
the civilized
community."
"We find for
the first time,
world that, in these recent days,
they have been doing more than
setting pitfalls for West German
rearmament.
Dulles mentioned again, as he
did last February, and as Wins
ton Churchill did Monday, the
possibility that there will emerge
in Russia a group of patriots
who will eventually put that
country's national interests and
the welfare of its people ahead
ot the interests of international
communism.
Roberts
they evolve around the feelingjturn through soul-testing years
Kaf w.ctr-rt T-rvtir-tfe aro havo nnf tKoiV Mxro tn iftn-jue secretary saia, a soitenmg
11c wd.Ucuui ouuut uic uclms lur a pus
K. Vi4 ViAAs emmrt in ri tV 4Viai v1 o CTO nnl familtoe ctivfr1v
Europe have caused the world to Reds I counter to Asian yearnings, to
momentarily forget the problemj Tarhpn Pvaniation months' stav unhamnered for the return.
of Quemoy and Matsu, if the!
West and the Communists sit:
ago, although far north of For
mosa Strait, had a bad effect on
down to discuss problems of JJhe Chiang's position. Police controls
6, on Formosa are noticeably tight-
return to the question of these
tiny remnants of Gen. Chiang
er, poutical omcers more in
1 AviHfinra Avon rflrtnrtr firo
xi-snes once extensive cnnsometieJ watched.
I iiuaii w x uayp;i; A vuiaiig - . . .
Risks High talked int harking im aMin jnummizmg
They have not settled down. Al
most to a man they wait the day
they fight back home. .
Buildup Continues
Meanwhile the Red air build
up on the mainland opposite
Formosa continues. . Without
I Skips Big Four
The secretary would not prej
udice the projected Big Four
conference by mentioning it, but
that will be the day when there
will be a real possibility of
meaningful settlements.
The secretary did not go into
of the Soviet atUtude.
only two days away from con- sible German settlement, which
ferertces in Europe, some with is the key to European amity.
Molotov. j
Past Reborn
The broadcast from the Presi
dent's office took on something
of the flavor of a town meeting
a demonstration of the will
ingness and necessity for the
chosen administrators of the na-
the new danger,011' foreign. P"cy to report,
merely saying that, now there is
a foundation of real Western
European unity.
As he spoke, there were all
sorts of reports about what Rus
sia might offer specifically for
reunification of Germany, and
what she might expect in return.
There was a repetition of the re
port heard off and on for some
Ana 11 tne JKeas appear to be Extremists say
offering real concessions to survive,
cuiiiuia ic twiiwiv110 vw v 1 v j, v a 1 v, wiikvi 9 . .
-arte nf thi u-nrW it i a tafo RpHs wnnlH trv in flnnH tho ic.;Ume- -OmmUniSt
bet that a rising wave of opinion land with more infiltrators, oUs-imakes airfield building the easi
11 1 t U 4 . 1,1 U:V. A J -;v LUk w
current round of diplomatic ac- point would be the Nationalist
up again: j - i-offieeVs stm don't after a eries of important !i"r"fu u" " lor some
he couldn't m?s? American omcers stiu aon t, . . t. . . , ,Ume that she might even be
tivity began for permitting the
Reds to take these rocky bits of
territory will swell into a crescendo.
doubtedly realized that theitraUty But they may score once
xugosiav ieaaer wouia oe in more in the propaganda war,
posiUon to drive a hard bargain! M they did recently in their
if, in fact he was willing toidisarmament proposals. -
Ifai.n at a , , . . The present Soviet aim seems
inai may De tne expianauon to be to convince the world that
for the fact that Russia's two top
men. Premier Nikolai Bulganin
and Communist party boss Niki-
ta Khrushchev, are going to pay
"The underwater explosion o:
a small nuclear device in tb
eastern Pacific Ocean has bee
successfully completed.'
That's how the Atomic Ener
Commission and the Defense'
Department this week revealed
the opening of a new phase of
atomic weaponeering: the use of
the atom's energy in anti-submarine
depth charges.
Th A nnrfofttrator fact nraciifn-
ably occurred some hundreds of Lead Expands
miles Off the West Coast. . The Russians, who earlier sur-
I ,
1 think he could, but ol -
-,,m ti.rv.top th control or tne strait tor a long " i riven on the German boundary
11 ils rouniprnari wprp pvpr nrp.i
scnted to the Russian people I ?n ij,she could get neu-
" r tr9l Ton r;ormontf in fAtiipn
with the same earnestness by
Russia's leaders, would do more
soldier himself.
Chiang's troops, few of them
prof essional -soldiers, did not flee
the mainland to become island-
However, the risks in giving ers. They ran away because they
up Matsu and Quemoy without wnted to fight another day. To
a fight are considerable. Mostly; keep faith, stay strong for the re-
MILITARY: Red Challenge
Russia has turned over. a . new
policy leaf and is sincerely try
ing to ease world tension. And
many Western leaders, including
personal visits to Tito instead of j sir Winston Churchill, are now
sending lesser officials. statin ir cautiouslv that mavho
The Russians, in announcing Russians realv mean it tj
piaius iui uie igraa.e us, aia time.
not state any reason otner tnan
the rather vague aim of improv
ing relations between the two
countries, which have been
steadily on the mend since the
In Short
Extended: A formal invitation
experts to visit America this
summer to learn how Iowa
farmers raise corn and hogs. '
- Convicted: By a federal court
at Washington, turnabout wit-
death of the late Premier Stalin. to a delegation o arm
Quick Followup
Within 24 hours after the an
nouncement, however, -Moscow
radio offered the prospect of
"peace and ' independence" to
rrr-annt n. trali TV.i f neSS MTie NatVlg Of lying tin
course, could apply toGrmany.dfr ath ? federal Commu
the Scandinavian countries andimcatlons Comimssion hearing,
others, including Yugoslavia. Announced: By Adlai Steven
Why is Tito receiving Russian j son, upon his return from a tour
leaders, if he genuinely wants to of Africa,- that he still is unde
keep his country free of Soviet cided about seeking the Demo
ties? One Yugoslav source put it era tic nomination for the presi
this way: Idency next year.
BUSINESS: Historic Peak
Washington indicates the Red
Air Force has several thousand
new MIG17s, which are con
sidered to be in a class with the
Supersabre.
The Russians are also known
The explosion took place! prised American aircraft experts
against the background of re-with the large number of M1G-
ports that Russia has built up a 5s they were able to turn over
fleet of ahnnt 375 TT.nnate While tK th
none of them is known to belihg the Korean War, have caused!0 have developed a counterpart
atomic powered the USS Nau-lsbme additional eyebrow lifting!101" B47 medium jet bomber.
tilus is believed to be alone in at the Pentagon. In a third category, the Soviet
that field thev constitute the! In( ;nAii;n- r.-n in .Air Force apparently has taken
tn I 1 i- rict, in -,o.,- Ilwiw uiav uc WIJ
uui ot ,ea navai power, xew dicate that Russia has increased r" " 1"wuv"u" "cajr ropportunities. They are stalling,
doubt that sooner or later Russia hr lead over the United States. mDers- land building strength.
wiu nave a-suds. jri supersonic let fighters planes! -emocrauc sen. ymington oil Beyond that, the picture is too
Whereas the conventional like the Air Force Supersabre Mlssouri, a former Secretary ofimUrky. The Reds undoubtedly
Coolie lines can
over mountains.
But to equip such a vast system
with enough modern gas-gulping
jets to actually chase hostile
navies and air forces away is
more than slave labor can do.
Russia would have to step in and
the contribution would have to
be even bigger than it was in
Korea. The gasoline supply for
new airfields will be a terrific
problem until some railroads are
built toward the coast So far
there is no sign of any.
Both Sides Stall
What is going to happen?
than all the peace talk they have
ever put out to convince the
People
Some observers even thought
she might agree to a "fixed
term? neutrality if Germany and
the Allies would agree not to
activate those so-far paper divisions.
Freedom Is Contagious
Justice Roberts Dies Dulles struck pointedly at one
Until last weekend retired ! Moscow's major problems by
former U.S. Supreme Court f "B ut 1 ? ,f1usloan
Justice Owen Josephus Roberts I"8 ?aVe the satellites an
had been a patient at a Phila-I0? ndow. on a free nation
delphia hospital. But, feeling torJ Vme, " many year
death was near, the 80-year-old; an(that Austria i happiness and
"Great Dissenter" insisted on ?elfare W,M hound to spur the
crnin hnmp n hi. farm nAa-iSireS Of SUbjUgated peoples.
historic Valley Forge in Penn-PultIes. has stressed the need of
uiak ainue iuiik ucxuie ue was
A common guess on Formosa
is that both sides will avoid anjsylvania. He told friends he pre
open clash as long as the United jf erred to die among familiar sur-
States stays around in strength
and the control of the strait rests
with the Free World. Both sides
hope that time will incubate new
depth charges dropped against
submarines in World War II car
ried a force of about 300 tons of
I TNT, a small nuclear charge
might release energy equal to
1,000 or more tons of TNT.
CROSS
, PRODUCT
t . J .'. w I . .l ''!M-!-!5 -
, "
.
K :
-22. $ ' .
-v.-.v.'.v,
719 X? ,
JffSS J9S4 J3SS
which can exceed the speed of j the Air Force, immediately
sound in level flight asked a Senate study of the rela-
The total number of Air Force :"ve strengtn oi soviet ana iree
and Navy planes with this capa
bility can be counted in the hun
dreds. Information received in
Statistical Support
Optimists counting on a record
year for Uv business could find
statistical support this week. in
a first-quarter economic report
by the UJS. Commerce Depart
ment
Here's what the official figures
showed:
American business, in the first
three months this year, turned
out more goods and services than
in any other quarter in history.
Total volume of goods and serv
ices produced (the economists
call it "gross national product'
or "GNP") was at an annual rate
of 370 billion dollars.
That was just enough to top
the previous peak of $369,900,
000,000 recorded in the second
quarter of booming 1953.
In the first quarter of last spending was made possible by
year, when business was in a a sharp m factory wages
slump, GNP was at an annual and .mnlovmpnt What th
rate of 356 billions. Thus, total; nomists call "disposable personal
v u . -'"J ii ccu , income" the total amount ot
y iuun p si one ye.mon.y people have left after
Three factors accounted for the;paym- taxe9was at a record
rise: stepped up purchases of high in the January -March quar
consumer goods, particularly! t .4 w;---ii.
POLIO: Federal Blueprint
Voluntary Plan oculating all first and second
Urging '-maximum precau-(oufatry Dr. Le0nard a. Scheele,
"u.'u wTueu ... ? . , I surgeon general, said that be
eral laws to prevent black-mar
keting operations, the adminis
tration this week made public its
plans for handling the Salk polio
vaccine.
Mrs. Oveta Culp Hobby, secre
tary of healtL, education and
welfare, asked for and obtained
President Eisenhower's endorse
ment of a plan which among
other things would utilize up to
28 million dollars in grants to
states to make sure that children
in families unable to afford Salk
vaccine would get the anti-polio
shots.
hope the UJS. will grow weary
and pull out or somehow ham
string itself into ineffectiveness,
world military forces. He claimed and that communism will inherit
Secretary of Defense Wilson has Asia. Undoubtedly the West
underestimated Communistjhopes first for a collapse inside
strength all along and failed to China from pressures, historic
weaknesses, recent adversity
and over-ambitions. The second
best hope is for a hardening
take steps necessary to obtain
"adequate arms" for the United
States.
Symington continued that the
new intelligence reports make it have so far escaped it
clear that "in quality as well as! This latter can best be encour
quantity of planes, the Commu-'aged by no more retreats.
cause of production delays it was nists are at least in the process!
questionable whether enough ( of surpassing the United States
vaccine to take care of National and I am confident they are
Foundation requirements would .well ahead with the production
of the possible ultimat weapon,
the intercontinental ballistics
missile.",
"In any case," Symington con
tinued, "we should now be given
an accounting, a balance sheet as
to our strength as aeainst that of
snots nave been given. the Communists. It is time
2. After all first and second: to put an end to this game of
graders have received two shots, 'blind man's bluff."
available supply would be di-
roundings.
On Tuesday his widow and his
only child were at his side when
he succumbed to a heart attack,
15 days short of his 80th birthday:
An impassioned and eloquent
debater in the courtroom, Rob
erts reputedly gave up a $150,000
annual income to accept a Su
preme Court appointment by
former President Hoover in 1930
He retired from the bench in
1945.
In his first seven years as an
associate Justice, Roberts occu
pied a unique position:, his vote
on many cases held the balance
against communism by those who! of power between the so-called
conservatives and the liberals
be available before mid-August
The I Foundation, however, later
announced it has almost com
pleted shipments for first shots
throughout the country. In some
Southern states, where the polio
season begins early, some second
vided amone the states on the
Specifically, the plan set forth' K JM iK c tu,u Q
1. All present supplies of vac
cine should go toward fulfilling
the National Foundation for In
fantile Paralysis' program of in-
group not covered in the Na
tional Foundation's program.
Additional priority groups would
be announced as vaccinations
progressed. An official indicated
the third group would be chil
dren 11 through. 4, the fourth,
children 10 through 19, and the
fifth pregnant women.
3. Each state would supervise
its owndistribution through a
single agency designated by each
Sidelights
Somewhere between Missis
sippi and New Hampshire is a
heroic but unsung railway mail
clerk. Roger Larson, a New governor. 1
Hampshire bee keeper, received 4. The distribution to the states
fragments of a bee shipping box would be directed by the gov
Erom tne aouw aiong witn a eminent which alreadv has a
tightly sealed and angrily buz- promise of complete cooperation
zing, mail ,bag containing some. from each of the vaccine manu-
Dates
Wednesday, May 25 j
Opening , American Iron
and Steel Institute, New
York.
Thursday, May 26
General Elections in Brit
ain.' Monday, May 30
Memorial Day.
secretary.
Listeners quickly noted an air
of partisanship and a proprie
tary feeling when Dulles and
Eisenhower referred to the pol
icy of attaining a position of
strength which they had been
following for two years, giving
it credit for producing whatever
is bright in the current situation.
Observers remembered that this
was an American policy, heavily
underwritten by the Acheson-
Truman administration through
a bipartisan legislative approach,
and many felt it was something
which belonged to the nation,
not just to one administration.
' New Direction
While emphasizing the caution
with which future developments
must be approached, there was
Chief Justice Hughes, Holmes,
r 1-:. 1 o .
. . . . ,l ..... . . one line in tne Dulles exposition
Roberts cast the deciding vote 1 u ,
.U 1J A friintiUii.A A A I"""-" H"-- ""t
justment Administration (AAA)
as unconstitutional. But he also
cast the deciding votes when the
Supreme Court approved 5-4 the
Wagner Labor Relations Act and
the unemployment compensa
tion provisions of the social
security law.
In
very
After j 10 years of refusing to
sign an! Austrian treaty because
they could not bring themselves
to remove their troops, Russian
forces turned their backs on the
West and were marching home,
even before the treaty is ratified.
But there was no assurance
his latter years Roberts that in case their new diplo-
often disagreed . with the matic front failed of its purpose.
majority. At his retirement he, that they would not come back
had more than 200 dissents. or try to
new cars, record-breaking con
struction of new homes, and in
creased spending by business-'
men on inventories and new
contributed substantially to the
rise. Income from corporate di
vidends was higher, too.
With the statistics pointing to
equipment The report pointed , banner year for business, there
out that in the first three months . were some who complained that
of the 15,000 bees originally sent
His question: What must it have
been like when 15,000 bees es
caped in a closed railway car . . .
land what .mail clerk, without
veil, smokepot or regard for
personal safety, got those bees
into the mail sack?
Fishermen Frank Ames and
f acturers.
The 28 million dollars in fed
eral funds would be used after
the . National Foundation com
pletes its program. The money
would be used to buy vaccine for
the states or in repayment after
the states made their own pur
chases. This carried out Presi-
Roye Angell of Elmir N. yj dent Eisenhower's earlier prom-
this year, businessmen startedjthe new prosperity was passing! brought home a catch they can that no child would be de-
DUUOing up meir inventories in- them hv Rv and lar biff com- nal1- tnot ahrait- two shininr
stead of cutting them down. ipanies showed more impressive' playable cornets they snared in
The increase ia consumer! gains than the little fellows. Ithe Chemung River.
nied the vaccine because of in
ability to pay.
(All Righto Reserved, AP Ntwsftaturtx)
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THE WALLS OF
JERICHO
DIFFERENT CALLING CARD