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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 13, 1954)
us. iy s jni'lroa'llwci oh' Cfeatony ' - Atom Power Wow 6g Should Big Business Be ? J- M. ROBERTS JR. AMtAated Press tievct Analyst QIGNS are blowing up ; of another argument tn this w country prcuy soofl fever "(big business." i The business community has recently broken into a rash of big mergersf i ' The automobile industry has led the way with Stude baker and Packard, Nash and Hudson Kaiser-Frezer and wuiys, nve or them among, the eldest In the business, forming three new combines in the hope of competing with Ford Chrys ler and General Motors. There hu been a broader but less sensational trend of the tame type in the textile indus try, where. j--.--.; business has been spotty f f woA in some I cases down Tight bad k tinte the U war. Textile S ( workers in some parts t the South wert among the first to t h V Will cuts in order to keeo their milU open when the "recession" started And bigger concerns there which were hot so affected have been protecting themselves against competition and buying i new markets by merging with north ern and eastern companies. Word that Bethlehem, second largest steel producer, and Youngstown, sixth, were plan ning a marriage served to set off an 'upward movement in the stock market recently. ; .. Trend Being Watched j These are just examples The Justice Department has announced that it Is watching the trend. The qUestiOn is whether or not it is merely re ducing competition or whether It makes for improved efficiency. which can be passed on to the consumer in the form of better goods or better prices. The department says It won't interfere with business merely because it is big, but only if competition is affected. The Brookings Institution a nrivately endowed organization for research into economic and social crectices. has iust pro duced a report showing the sub ject had been attracting fcttefl tion for Some time. :i Its conclusion was that - the nation's economy is still dy namically competitive,! with big business both a Jthreat ana spur. - . l: - ' Fierce Competition Right now it said, big business is forced Into the fiercest com petition by market conditions (This has been the obvious force behind the automotive mergers.) Constant developments of new products and processes to beat one another's time , result in progress and improved services to the public: : - : i I The BroOkinn report empha sizes that someone in an .indus trial society hai to coordinate things so that individual efforts and resources can produce a col lective result, and that if it is not done by business it Will have to he done bv pavernmenL ! la the automobile business the little fellows have been ganging up to fight the big ones. Many mergers, however, result in the , little fellows being rounded up just to eliminate competition. There have been times when little manufacturer "would be bouaht merely so that his prod uct, a perfectly good one, might be withdrawn, leaving the mar ket under control nf the bit fel low. , s Recent figures indicate that, while tome of this may have been occurring! the net gain 6f small businesses and factories in this country has recently been at the highest rate in years. Question of Big Business The question of how good is big business, however, remains in the background Of American life even when it is not art active fssiiel Both Roosevelt presidents made a great issue of it Ever since the Civil War, when "big, : business." consisted ! largely of operations by individual families; or restricted business groups, politicians have usually been able to raise a hue ahd cry ty references to malefactors of great wealth, or some such, and all too frequently they were able to prove it i Big business now, however, operates largely with hired man agements.in i curiously imper sonal fashion. In many ways It is strangely responsible. to its stockholders, la , many 'wars strangely independent of them. A new upsurge- in tht row over Whether it U pod er tad could carry the ts.rUdja.nii ir.i pome $transe fcyways.-"- .Quotes: . t ThomaS K. Dewey, SI, gov ernor of New York Tor 12 years and twice Republican candidate for the presiden cy: "After, the most ithor ugh and even painful con sideralion, 1 have concluded the time has com for m to return to private life t Shall not Under any circum stances . be a candidate for any ; public office this falL" ' Frlrae Minister Winston Churchill: 'Declarations of war may themselves have become unfashionable in the era of science and hatred, of levity i and foreboding,; through Which mankind is sUadf astiy miking its Way." 3F c . ? f Autos New One Coming S , I The big bright hope ex the auto industry right now is con sumer reaction to its 1955 models, ! i fTh sleek new cars, most of them reflecting drastic changes in engineering and style, should start rolling off assembly lines around Nov.'l. They are being Cbuftted upon 16 pep up con sumer demand, pull auto re. tailers out of the red, and quench the cufrent buyers' lust for bar gains, i-.' - ! ---' - .; No. 1 problem facing the in dustry at the moment is getting nventories of Unsold 1854'i out of the way before the 1953's hit the showrooms. Major efforts are being made to solve it. Produc tion is down to its lowest levels of. the year; aome manufacturers are shut down tight H . At the retau end, erica conces slons and high trade-ins are Still pretty much., the rules some dealers are giving away an elec tric stove or a television set with each new car sold. The alert buyer can almost always find a baraaln. -; 1 p Production Of 1855 models will mean an Upsurge in i employ ment The present slowdown has meant temporary layoffs for many thousands of aifto workers. but most will be back on the J6b in about six Weeks. November 1951 Peak ; By November, Industry pay rolls are expected to reach a new 1954 high. People Who Usually make good guesses say the boom will continue through January at the very least and well into the new year if the 1955's go over as anticipated. . Still unanswered is the ques tion Of Whether new car buyers '-long accustomed to concessions and bargains will be Willing to pay full list pricel h Dates Monday sept IS Schools i open in many , communities. ; Maine, general elections Taesdiy Sept 14 Primary elections to New Vera, Massachusetts, Colo rado, Minnesota, NewHtmp shire, Utah, VermOfit Wash ington, -Wisconsin, i ; Democratic runoff 1 prl mary, Mississippi; n Wednesday, Sept 15 Ohio Republican convert Hion. . ., : ' ! Friday, Sept II Citizen's (1 Am an Amer ican) Day. it Y v p 4 STATE PSPTCr7 Mll Russia Can f Veto Project for; Peace ' By TOM WHITNEY - . Associated Press Foreign Staff Writer PRESIDENT Eisenhowef disclosed that the United States has agreed with a number of 6th er nations td go ahead with thft formation ef an international body to assist the peaceful uses 6f atomic energy. 1 ' Thus, the President made clear, the United States will not permit the Soviet Union to. have any veto over inter nauonai researcn on aionug eu V ISLANDS BEYONO FORMOSA jl m, tasttuMi, w ittm 'AGONIZING REAPPRAISAL' mm wm mi La mz&H I 1 ergy ior these purposes. Thus the fresident struck a heivy biow at Communist prop aganda that it is the United States which - is preventing peaceful uses bf atomic energy and threatening the world With atomie anni . . hilation. The Presi dent's decision to push ahead with peaceful atomic coop eration came nine months after he him self On Dec 8, 1953. held Out tin hhA At '" "-to" cooperation wmhw , OA research and development in non-militafy Uses of IWmic energy to the Soviets in his speech before the- United Na tions. The RussSnS accepted the Prtsident'i offer to hold secret talks. Thi talk! werft held. Both sides Observed their confidential character. ' i; They fell through because of one major ouagreement: tne Russians insisted that any agree ment of this sort even one limited In character, must be accompanied by all-out prohibi tion of atomic weapons. This was the same main Russian point oh which other previous atomie discussions had cone on the rocks, it amounted to a vain at tempt to return these discus Slons into their previously fruit less channels. CA lias Initiative So the Russians, it would ap pear, have handed the initiative in this important nem to tne United States. The President made on thing clear: the doOt is not to be closed to the Russians -or to AMSlSIXTItOUS ; v I rtoitM, tan tin JmtmI MAna 0 Viewpoint In Short i s vnnt hv Vietnr Kit SL of Philadelphia, the men1 national tennis championship at Forest Hills; the women's national ten nis Utle by Doris HarU Named; Bt Gov. Byrnes (D-SC), Charles E. Daniel, 69, president of. a construction firm, to fill the unexpired term ef Sea. Burnet R. Maybank Who died of a heart attack Sept L Forecast: By the U.S. Depart ment of Agriculture, that next summer world coffee production should move ahead of consump tioiv-removing a prime reason for high coffee prices id recent months. Killed: U&h John L Arm strong, IX Air Force pilot dur ing a speed test at the National Air Show at Dayton, only three days after establishing a new world speed mark of 49 m.p.h. for the 500-kilometer closed course. - j ' Died: Glenn S. (Pop) Warner, 83, one of the-natiOnV foremost football coaches; and Harry Con way (Bud) Fisher, 6$, creator of the cartoon "Mutt ana Jen." Announced: By the Air Force, plans to start rotation of fight er-bombers " and trooo-carried squadrons from the United States to Europe" r ' Demonstrated: By psycholog ical tests bn front-line troops id Korea, ; that superior combat fighter are more, intelligent than other soldiers. SCHOOLS: Eyes on South i Segregation Pf6bUrn Despite the Supreme Court ruling last ' spring that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, 10 of the Southern States ; continued to preserve the old order ai school terms opened thll month. . The delay is permissible be cause the C6urt abstained from issuing an order to end the prac tice pending an October meet ing in Washington Of State legal officials on how best to wipe out discriminaUon. ; Seme Harriers Drop School segregation bsrriers are dropping J in some States: Maryland, Missouri, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Kansas, New Mexico, west Virginia; and Delaware Partial integration is taking place in i many city schools: Washington, D. i C, Baltimore, St. Louis. to name a few of the larger. ! But 10' states, headed by ueorgia wnose i governor an nounced ha WOUld .resist the court decision if his state had to stand alone, are holding out The etnfri are Alabama, Lou isiana, Texas, Virginia, Florida, South Carolina, Mississippi, Ten nessee and Kentucky. The Mississippi legislature met in Special session this week to lay IC tilt 110 AD DACtt ft nil- ( I tt Fflf..S ll.'.ls.l WeJ C'.lzti front isnd:.3 trr:s tr.Vkirl, fssr Itsnot, 1.1 xchr-s ef wcr Fri;:r,ri v,,..u..i i.;--i:3 vi?mi.-.a 1.1 inc:c.v.:r.a. foundation for circumventing the court decision. The key pro vision is a constitutional amend ment empowerini the legiila- ture to abolish public Schools. The measure proposes tWO methods bf abolishing- Missis sippi public schools: L Statewidei by a two-thirds vote of the legislature. ; I Local bfition. With Individ uat counties and school districts allowed to abolish their public schools and set up private school systems. ! Leaders of the Leeal Educa tional Advisory Committee said the amendment would go to the constitutional , . committees bf each house as any ether amend ment wnulfl be nandlM. The LEAd rejected the idea of ask- ing each house to go into a "Committee of the whole to consider the amendment as soon as it was introduced. Fear tf charges ef "steam-roller tactics convinced the UCAC the amend ment should go through channels. s ? Sidelights 6 In Boston, the vicar of old North Church.- Whose Paul Re vere steeple crashed ' at the height of hurricane Carol ap pealed for help in locating part of a weathervane made in 1940. Missing are the big letters N-W-Sv indicating compass points. The weathervane was found otherwise intact after it crashed to the ground With the steeple. Old Dallas, an expectant moth er tumbled to her death from a third-floor window In a hospital but doctors safety delivered her baby boy minutes i.litej by Caesarean section. - Aortal A In Stockholm. Sweden. 43 persons were arrested ahd four hospitalised with sabre cuts as mounted police quelled another Outburst Of "thrill Hots. Thrill riots have become i Weird week end pastime m this capital. Sim, liar outbreaks have occurred nearly every Weekend this sum usual mer as thousands ef hOmebdund revelers mill around the city paf k after attending dancing, restaurants and- amusement parks. Death Toil Down Trifite deaths' over the lorn? Labof-Day weekend touched a six-year low. The final count showed 184 highway fatalities, 2 drownings. S3 from Other causes for a total of S33. : r The highway Itrafie toll was the lowest for any Labor Day weekeni since 194$, when 293 were killed. It wis under the J5D predicted by IhS National Sardy Coustil. ! ' 6n the eve of - the holiday President Eisenhower appealed to the mqtorir.g' public to drive Carefully and ''isol the experts." National Guardsmen helped police patrol highways in Michi gitL Wisconsin af.d Tennessee. . MichiSan'a txaSc deaths to taled 21. compared with 33 dur ing the ToUrta cf July weekend. Highway fatalities were 12 in Revolutionory New Jef Britain has flight-tested an ex perimentaK JCt "wingless air craft4 Which Ukes off like an eteyator from a horizontal posi tion. , " v- Duncan' Sandys, British min ister Of supply, said the ftew experiments might lead to a rev olution in aeronautical develop ment every, bit as important as that resulting from introduction of the jet engine. ; The, test craft becomes air bbrne vertically by use of nOwn ward facing jet streams, Sandyi said. The streams cad be varied to Control the angle of climb and can be provided either by small subsidiary engines or by deflec tion of the jet streak Irirn the main power units. "I can hardly call II an air craft f if it rtally. is f.5 more than an aero-engine wiCt a pilst mounted OA top," he said. "A few weeks ago this strange con- tfaption which weighs ZVi tons, successfully lifted itself into the air: without the aid of wings Or rotors ef any kind. It proceeded to circle around Under complete control for about 10 minutes and landed tjala without trOuile.,, Oln West Hartford, Conn. lef frey Truesdal) 8 had to argue with officials to be allowed to enter a Labor Day community pet parade but Walked off with the second prize. His entry: a can of angle worms. . Powor PrivOtt Irtduafry I private industry broae ground this week for the first full-scale atomie piafit lor making elec tricity. . .:- i President Eisenhower, 1,200 miles away in Denver, gavl the signal Which started, a power shovel in ShibDinebort Pa., ex cavating for the 40 to 58 million dollar plant Which will be fin ished sometime In 193T. It's a Joint broieet by the Du quesfte Light Co Westinihouse Electric Corp- and the Atomic Energy Commission, f ast-Movlflg field v It IS Quite Possible that the ShiDDirttbOrt Plant will be Obso lete before it is completed: Atomie deveiooment like design in aviation, IS moving so fast that models just going into produc tion are already obsolete on the drawing boards. In the ShippingpOrt plans, materials id the reaetbr will superheat water passed over it in pipes. Other water turned in to steam by passing. over the pipes, Will turn electric turbines. Some refinements may go into the reactor but primarily the project merely makes use of the known heet-producing ability of atomic reactors and the known processes of steam electric plant Operation. v r One bf the goals thi Atomic Energy Commission hopes to achieve in the new program of bringing private industry into atomic development however, is a hew type reactor which will extract electricity directly from the breakdown of the atom. ether nations which Wish to cooperate in the future. For the present he explained Britain, Canada, France,' South Africa and Australia have been consulted and .Belgium will shortly be drawn into tht plans. The United States is nrenared. he indicated, to make available its experience, knowledge and resources in the effort to exploit thi atom for power and other peaceful uses : Offhand it would look as if the Soviets had made a mistake. How they will attempt to re trieve it is not yet clear. One thing is obvious. Mere glander ous attacks on the new Eisen howit atoms for peace plan will not be enough to negate its effect on peoples benefitting from it EDC Left Vacuum In Europe this week the big powers began to accustom them selves more and more to life without the European Defense Community, killed by the French Parliament under leadership 'of Premier Pierra Mendes-France. The consequences were just about what might have been expected, Among other things, west German Chancellor Kon rad Adenauer delivered himself of some pretty bitter words about the French prlemler. The gap between west Ger many and France appeared to be , increasing, and American support for western Germany to be growing, v il was oewmmg tierer w.a the end of EDC also means the probable end ef hopes for any. kind of a truly international western European . military force4 i London Parley sept. 14 These were the circumstances in which the British govern ment disturbed by the situation, issued i call I6f 1 nine-nation barley en trying to batch un some solution for Western Eu ropean defense. The session wai , to convene in London Sept 14, ftWftrflin trt - Tjftndftn'a tixtnJ It was hoped it would work out some solution whereby Western Germany could rearm without an Open break with Franca and without any necessity far av French Parliamentary ratifica tion of the measure. In prospect ' was consideration of a proposal whereby West Germany would become associated with NATO without actually becoming . a member by means of a pact with Several important NATO members including the United States and Britain. The French fippeared to be unhlppy even about this. " V SEATO Pact f .. AminrAATit d? vaii r ? 1 SEATO the Southeast Asia Treaty Organizationturfied Out to be rather less military in em- pnasis man pouueu iuu eco nomic. . ' The hew accord, patterned after ANZUS, the mutual de fense pact of Australia, ; New Zealand and the United States, provides for common action against aggression. The treaty area comprises all Cf Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific, with the exceptidd of the Chi nese Nationalist stronghold on Formosa. , r Eight powers were represent ed in Manila: the United States, Britain, France, Australia, New Zealand, the Philippines, Thai land, and Pakistan. Of these Only the last three represented native Asiatic peoples. Other Southeast Asian countries such as India, Burma, Indonesia, and ' Ceylon were absent and hostile. These facts obviously limited the im portance Of the new pact td es tablish a front against arres sinrt In ihx tiarl ef the world, f A U.S. Navy plane Was shot flowft bv Soviet Blanes. State ments Of the opposite sides had an echo bf familiarity: the rus elans claimed the American craft .wai inside saviet terri tory j the Americsns claimel, and probably Correctly, dlt it wai well outside Russian fcr ders 44 miles at sea. Great heat Wis generated in Washington ever the case. . Id thfe emotion cf the mcnent one thing was bfeifti 0verl66kfed, of SO it seemed. The American ft ti-at v?rv r!...-.S to Oviet tcriitify. The C5vi:J aiS Is tremely sensitive to this as they have shown in tepeitei -pwvi-DUi tlane incidents. The C;vii.j ask wlat aitiiudS A k:i::.zzm come hea frtst.' liitta ti tx:...z t war t!:tJ tstwscM LV.ntJ Nsiiar.i or.J Cs.r.mufkUts t?atts cl C?.r.U.,:;,Si A ll;M U tl?,Zt fjard of C!$; ct laft, RCX troops. cbuli cans gavernmcnt and would take toward ;ri- Coviit JL Cvirti-'h a U' tztii lis tl 1 earl ltaibof tr CUi lib. ' Wisconsin and ftnly six In Ten nessee. 4 . .; . . . i i i . ... ( All f.:; his Lutrt t i, AP K t x a ur t il V ' i ' i h i .