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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 12, 1954)
I Cae. 1J Ctatoaxncov Satom, Or-. Sunday, Sept. 12, 1S54 fraa flrct SUtenai, March Za, lS5i "A'o tavor Sways Us, Vo fear StiaU Awf ' CHARLES A. SFRAGUE. Editor and Publisher Pubhsficd vry enoraing " Business tacm ZM j-' Norm Church St Saicm. Ore.. Tetepnona S-S441 i , CnterMI at Uu jostatfiea at SaJaa. Or M mcop tlmm nutter under act of Coogr March X. I7 . Member. Associated Press , Tb Aaaociatca Ptm tt nutleO exclusively UM UN tot rcpuoUcatirm M all toat aws.Dnn1c4 la . this newspaper. . Decline in Anthracite Use . j " Anthracite coal useci to be considered the prime fuel particularly for household use. ; Virtually smokeless, with little 'ash, with high heat content, "hard" coal was the fav orite fuel for the East and Midwest. We recall. a doctor in Washington state, who had come j from Pennsylvania, stuck to anthracite for ! heating his home; despite the high cost due to the long haul. ; 1 '". . - i Owners of anthracite mines in Pennsyl vania and the railroads which served ) them ' were among the, country's financial barons round the turn of the century. There jwas George F. Baer, for instance, President of the "Reading railroad, who stubbornly fought the miners' demands in the great strike of 1902 (which President Teddy Roosevelt broke through executive pressure). Baer's letter expressing his ; views - on , the , strike epitom ized the employer philosophy of the time. He , . wrote: The rights and interests of the laboring man will be protected and cared for not by the labor agitators, but by Christian men to whom: God in bis infinite wisdom has given the con. trol of the property interests of the country, and upon the successful management of which so -much depends." ; W , i That gave him the sobriquet-of "divine right" Baer, and brought a terrific reaction against the propertied interests. Baer has long; been dead. The anthracite ' monopoly was long since broken. And . now hard coal mining has fallen; on evil days. Production of 31 million net tons in 1953 was i the lowest since 1881. One of the biggest raining concerns,; Lehigh Coal and Naviga- tion, has closed Its mines. The reasons for the blight are first the competition of even more convenient: fuels! likf oil and natural gas, and second the high cost of mining, for ' hard coal mining has been done at relatively great depths whereas a great, deal of soft coal mining now is done in open cuts after strip ping the top soil. - " 7 : The whole coal industry is pretty sick, suf fering, from competition and its! own high costs; but bituminous coal is still indispens- ' able. Its present; uses are chiefly in steel making and electric generation. Some signs indicate its production has passed its low point There seems little hope for the anthra cite industry, however, until cost factors are more favorable; a time not now in sight. "We let the Communists take over Indo china ..." The Coos Bay Times includes this' in a jeremiad on the decline of V. S. pres tige abroad.- If we feed ourselves that bunk the rest of the world may come to believe it as well as ourselves. The United States bears no responsibility for the Red takeover of In dochina. That was due to the indifference of the Vietnamese and the France to pay the price. ' Ex-Ambassaclor Leaders Want War; Aim at By JOHN M. HIGHTOWER WASHINGTON (fl-George Ken nan, former American ambassador in Moscow and an eminent author ity on Russia, believes that Soviet hostility toward the United States is "bitter and deep" but that this "'does not mean that the Soviet leaders want war." f 7. j 7 14 In a book being published .Mon day, Kennan . contends that the greatest danger presented to the United States and its allies by Rus sia today is the constant Soviet ef fort to split up the alliances of free nations and create - division and conflict within each of the nations. He. also argues strongly ; for American foreign policies aimed at avoiding war, and in effect be makes an appeal to avoid any pol icy which would automatically mean use of atomic weapons it war did break out ... - ' Kennan seemed at several points in his book to take issue either with administration (.policies or thinking which has been identified with . the Eisenhower administra tor. : . : : :"'r;. - He broke with Secretary of State Dulles IS months ago over Dulles' proposed policy of "liberation" for Communist satellite I countries in Europe, Kennan then arguing that such a policyopointed toward war. Dulles and other Republican spokesmen meanwhile denounced a policy of "containment" of So viet expansion which Kennan bad originally conceived : and which was the dominant policy toward Russia during the Truman admin istration. , f The book being published by Princeton University t Press is a compilation of four lectures which Kennan gave at Princeton earlier this year. It is called "Realities of American . Foreign Policy." I . - Since his retirement from the Foreign Service in 1953 Kennan has been a member of the Institute for Advanced Study It Princeton. The institute is not connected with the university. ' ' " The theme of Herman's phUos cphyof foreign policy as set forth ia these lectures is that the United States must deal with the world in terms of hard reality not in terms of what it wishes the world to be like. - , He deplores what he considers an excessive reliance on the Unit ed Nations as an instrument of American : policy and warns i unwillingness of t Kennan Doubts Soviet against what he calls 'an Ameri can "yearning for relations from people to people, unmarried by the pernicious interference of govern ments" when in fact ht says, there is no way for people to speak to people except through their gov ernment, !"' - Kennan also argues that the busi ness of government 'Is a practical exercise and not a moral one." In today's world, Kennan argues, the United States has to conduct foreign ' policy in what he calls "two planes of international real ity.! One of these embraces its relations with non-Communist na tions bloc, . i What this nation does in its own internal existence, he asserts, and what is does in its relations with friendly non-Communist na tions; have a decisive bearing, how ever, on its relations with the Com munist bloc. ' v. "Whatever, .we do that serves to bring hope and encouragement and self-confidence to peoples outside the Soviet orbit has a similar ef fect on peoples inside, Ken nan says, "and constitutes the most potent sort of argument for pru dence and reasonableness on the part of the Soviet leaders." : In this respect he contends, con tainmentwhich is the policy of building strength in the free World to dam up Soviet power and lib eration, which is the general pol icy of seeking to roll back; Soviet power by freeing satellite nations, are "only two sides of the same coin.'" ' '' The trouble with liberation as it was talked about during the 1952 political campaign by Dulles,. Ken nan contends without mentioning Dulles by name, is that it indicat ed that the United States would use war to liberate the captive coun tries. - - .. . j-, r , fThe reaction of Soviet power from its present bloated and un healthy limits is essential to the stability of world relationships," Kennan says. To bring it about must be a cardinal aim of West ern policy. "But the ' term liberation can mean many things. It is one of those vague cliches the very cur rency of which depends on their imprecision. And as the term . is most frequently used in this coun try, and particularly by those who regard themselves as its strongest protagonists, it seems to me to have two main implications. "Independent" Papers We were interested a few week back on an editorial interchange between Frank Streeter of the Grants Pass Courier, a 1 "black ' Republican," and Bud Forrester of the Pendleton East1, Oregonian, an inde pendent! Streeter scorns . an independent ; paper as j "neither fish nor fowl." Forrester - stands' up to his independency and proves it t by saying his paper is supporting Paul Pat-' terson, Republican, for governor and Richard r Neuberger, Democrat, for senator. Evidently, Bill Tugman, who edits the Eugene Register- Guard, also self-styled independent didn't note the exchange. At least his paper heads a clipping from, the East Oregonian thus: "Democratic Paper Protests 'Low, Blow.' " However,; the designation is understandable, because' the late Ed Aldrich, long editor of - the East Oregonjan, was a staunch Democrat From our observation most of the editors of independent" papers have as hard a ; .time retaining their independency as editors of ' party-affiliated papers have holding to the party line. Even Streeter "reserves the right" to scratch his ticket ' - ' . I Grants Pass soon will have its bankrupt:, railroad! back on its, hands. Projected as a line from that city to Crescent City, the road has been under lease to a cement company for several years past but the company has notified C H. Demaray, receiver that it will surrender its lease at the end of October. The ' city, meanwhile, is continuing to pay on the bonds 'issued to finance the line. The only i other municipally owned railroad in the state is the City of Prineville railroad connecting the Crook County seat with the Oregon. Trunk railroad near Terrebonne. With the development of lumbering in the region this railroad has been profitable. Senator Knowland is extending the U. S. defense line right under guns of the Chinese ; Reds. He wants the U. &j fleet used to defend : Quernoy, two small islands just off the coast of China, 2000 yards from Communist held Amoy, within range of Red artillery. He says its fall "would be a tremendous blow to the morale of Formosa's defenders and could eventually break the American defense line.? We doubt very much if Admiral Stump, who commands the Seventh Fleet, Will j want to include Quernoy under its protective custody. If Quernoy falls Knowland can rush over and hold Chiang's hand.. The Oregon election will be almost com plete this year. There will be the usual fish and milk bills, but missing will be the hoary sales tax question. Sports fishermen seek to close all coastal streams except the Columbia to commercial fishing; and a "gallon-jug" dairyman is trying to knock out state milk price fixing. ' Both sides of both questions may dust off the old arguments and use them again.;-::;'-'; ';v- ': . v Bud Fisher, creator of the Mutt and Jeff comic strip, died the other day at the age of 69. His strip was the durable kind, and one of the pioneers in jthe cartoon sequence, like Buster Brown, the Katzenjammer Kids and Foxy Grandpa. A lot of folk, now with grey in their hair, grew up on Mutt and Jeff, et aL So the passing of the strip's originator merits an editorial brief., They call this exchange of blows between the Chinese Reds and Nationalists a vest poc ket war. For those who get killed though it's just as serious as a full-scale war. Splitting West - ' "First it implies the violent overthrow of Soviet power in eith er all or a portion of the Soviet orbit Second, it implies that this overthrow should constitute an ac tive aim of Western, and particu larly American, policy. : ;vs. i j ; V "Now I think we must recognize, first; of all, that if this is what we have in mind, and if we mean it seriously that is, if we are not just indulging in fine phrases then we are talking about a path of pol icy which, if pushed far enough,' would by every law of probability lead ultimately to war." Kennan said that in his opinion the Soviet problem "is not suitably to be resolved by war." He' argues in this connection the enormous damage which would be caused to the whole world by j a great war and also contended that war while ending the Soviet rule would not itself provide a solution for the long range problem of living With the Russians. - . Instead of such a policy he ar gued for containment or "libera tion" by the magnetic appeal of freedom as developed in non-Communist world and as practiced with maturity and restraint by the Unit ed States and other free nations over, a long period of time. ; He -' repeatedly : warns against ever permitting a war to develop, aa a consequence of America's own ' policies or permitting a little war to grow into a big one at least an implied argument against Dul les declaration early this year of a threat of massive retaliation against any new Communist out break in the world. , r He said that war as means to the end of world domination is not as 'instrument which Soviet lead, era would choose themselves be cause they count upon weakness' and disintegration within the West Kennan spent many years- in the Soviet Union in various dlplo matic posts, his last being an as signment ' as ambasador in 1352. The Russians compelled his ouster from that job because they object ed to criticisms he made of life in Moscow. 7, Meanwhile, he had served as di rector of the policy planning staff in the State Department for sev eral years and in that capacity was one of those who contributed to America's early atomic policies. , r..i::7 nl :fUx 7' t. j w&tfmfe-f : A : 7&S&S Jl7&l - 13 :r.M.Sr-.f . . ' -u7A-: l 3!. J 7-:77: fVfe - 7r- l . 7 1.7, ? : I : ; Iff" ftH ' ' 111 1 mmmm , m I I ill ' Fables for Adults . , No. 362 - Once upon a time there was a father who gathered the kiddies about him on the day before the Fall opening of school. ' row most of i 7 .v,V.i LJkids don't appreciate school Why whea I was a lad t used fenride a bike through raia and sleet as far as fear and five blocks just to get to schoeL" i "Hear! near! lisped a imall-sixed daughter. "Of course," went Daddy, "that was quite a while ' '., baek.: 7 : ,,;jJiV;. 7t.,--'7 :: :-: .77- n - "It must have been,", said the ton, "because since then yov've forgotten all about ipelling. I found that out last year. "School," Daddy Insisted, Us fusu What don't yea like about it 77 ' : ' T ; "-' -; i- 'y.7:. ' ;-:.!,:;' ; "Oh, school's alright," said the middle-sized; daughter. "It's just that this year we'll have fractions. And you made such a 'mess of my long-division last year. I just can't bear to think of dragging you through a year of fractions, ni prob ably have a hard enough time with them alone." t WeU," yodeled Father, stung to the quick, "IJ that's the way you feel. After all the time and effort . i late at night midnight oil .!: . , . "If you think he loused' up your long-division,'' remarked ' the sob grimrjr, "yoa should have seem the booboos he palled helping me with tht blrdbouse project last spring.. I under stand this year we're' supposed to collect leaves and things. : Of eonrse, you cant' go TOO far wrong on leaves "That's nothing," piped the small-sized daughter, "you 1 should have seen the lunch Daddy packed for me, once. I was the laughing 1 stock of the. second grade." I - ; V J ' "Nevertheless," said Daddy. "School is Important A great -' nan once said something like It's better to build a school for the boy than a cell or gallows for the man. Do you know what ' he meant by that?" i ' :,."V "Sure," said the boy, ht meant it's better for u kids to go to school than to stay home and drive our parents to prison r suicide." - Fli Time ies: 10 Years Ago ' '! i . : . Sept lit 1M4 ; Dr. Karl Friedrich Goerdeler, former mayor of iLeipzig, 6scr4 ed as a ringleader in the plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler, was sen tenced to death jthe Berlin radio disclosed. 7 . The Salem Chamber of Com merce went oa record "endorsing the promotion of a long-range planning program, for this city, including public buildings, play grounds,, etc. i i h - ;.v.--;.--' The Orejronian and its radio stations, KGW-KEX, won the hon or award flag of the Red Cross blood donor service, previously given to only six firms in the county: 25 Years Ago . Sept 12, 1929 ! ; Although forest, fires In Oregon were generally improved; 250. men were waging a losing battle against flames which had spread over SOCO acres of second growth timber in the Mt Hood national forest , : , , The Eugene Register which has been issued as a morning paper, for 23 years announced they soon would be publishing an afternoon paper. The morning edition to be continued for those who prefer it In a note remarkable - for its brevity and negative character. : the Nanking government virtu al- FASHION DECREE . "Now children," he cried gaily ,"tomor- you1 will be in school. Won't that - f r ; . oe peacny : . t " t "What we ought to do," responded one of his middle-sized daughters ! thoughtfully, "is to wash out his dirty mouth with soap. "Yeah," said the man's middle-sized son, "it's like asking Superman if he'd like to get back tolus reporting job." c i - ' That's no way to talk," said laddy. "Yea From Tha Statesman Files - ... - . r - j ly rejected all amendments re cently proposed by the Soviet government dor a projected mu tual agreement to i control the Chinese Eastern railway in Man churia. p r . ! . 40 Years Ago ' sept u mi After the final balloting the clergy apd lay delegates of the Episcopal delegates of -Oregon elected the Very Rev. . Walter T. Sumner of Chicago to succeed the late Charles Scannding as bishop of the diocese of Oregon. . Germany suggested informally that the United States should undertake to elicit from Great Britain, - France - and Russia a statement of i the terms under which the allies would make peace. , .. ?. . Out of the $37,000 granted the State Treasurer's office for the biennial period by the last legis lature. State Treasurer Thos. K. Kay, announced he would return to the state over $4000. ' . SSUXX COLLAEED, IPSWICH, Mass. 13-There's a skunk wandering 'around the Ip swich woods wearing a glass col lar. The animal stuck its head into a bottle and couldn't get it out A woman standing well off i from her target broke the bottle with a well-aimed rock. When no one offered to come close enough -to remove the bottle-neck, the 6lyink wandered oft - rnm irnl ' (Continued from page 1.) headed by India,-he Increasingly resentful of the intervention of non-Asian powers" in Asian, af fairs? I i v-:'?-.;j,:"-'- As far as warning off the Reds from further "aggression, that too is doubtfuL The Dullest bluff failed in Indochina. The new treaty is vague in its terms and commitments. The Reds know that the only one among the sig natories able to interpose effect ive resistance is the 'United States; and they realized already the risk from that quarter. Some emphasis is put on provi sions of the treaty calling for economic aid to backward coun tries. The argument there is that Communism makes the easiest in roads where the people are im poverished. There is little histor ical basis for this dictum.-Communism has made no. conquests save in the wake of wars. The bolshevik revolution in Russia was the work of a select few who seized power at the top. China's conversion to Com munism was coincident with the administrative collapse of the Nationalist government Provi sion of technical assistance and economic aid in emergencies are desirable in and of themselves; but resistance to Communism must be indigenous, prompted by the thoughts and feelings of the natives themselves and their at traction to some alternative , way of life. .... The "agonizing reappraisal" of foreign policy promised with re spect to Europe, has been needed for a long time as to Asia. The SEATO solution is "agonizing" without being a "reappraisal." NAVY GIVES HELP SAN DIEGO, Calif, (fl The South of Broadway Assn. at its luncheon meeting reached the time to pledge allegiance to the flag. But no flag. A member looked out the window, spotted a destroyer tender in' the harbor with the Stars and Striper flying. Memb ers turned right-face, yed the distant ; flag and pledged allegi ance. : 1 . ; 7 i Sarving Salem. and Vicinity as Funeral Directors for 24 Years i Convenient location, 8. Commercial street; bus line; direct rouf to ca meteries no cross traffic. Hew modern building . seating up to 300. Service arithin your means. 1 Girl Critically Hurt in Water Slmng Mishap NEWPORT BEACH, Calif., (UP) A pretty 17-year-old high school honor student was fighting for her life Saturday with the principal danger from severe injuries - to her. left lung. f Doom Sorenson has not yet been told that her arm was severed at the shoulder in a water . skiing accident in Newport Bay- last Wednesday. She and her . high school companion from Glendale, Calif., bad fallen from their skis and were swimming to shore when a careening speedboat bounced off the outboard that had been pulling the water skiing couple and struck Donna before it plowed into the beach. : The quick-thinking of a doctor was credited with saving Donna's life. Dr. James Britton rushed to her aid and applied a tourniquet to the girl's shoulder. -7 Newport Beach police termed the mishap an accident and didnt press charges against Mrs. Clau dia Hotson who was driving the speedboat Her husband, Hugh, said his craft glanced against the side : of the outboard and then veered out of control. I , Scientists say most fish need company and a single gold fish in a bowl can become a mental case from loneliness: . I . : i i Virgil T. Goldea ' 1 : . - . ., , CTCDV DG . I B smart ... an joy gtactous lfr- , - j J ; iag aad hospitable entertaining 1 1 with lovely AJwsti enriching II yoar table oa avety occsiUm. A I Skaooav AVh ni 55-pc. service fcr Bfs-x' il pur riov 4 . State and liberty Phone 4-2224 VIRGIL T. GOLDEN PopeComole Polio Victims CASTELGAmoi.FtV ItaW TTM Pope Pius Xil Saturday urged polio victims to have courage be cause through their sufferings they may attain a "human value which perhaps they never would have reached in normal circumstances. The 78-year-old Pope spoke - to about 900 delegates of the Third International Polio Conference who attended a special audience at his summer resident The polio con ference ended yestrday. v-i ' 6 wail fitatesaw : Subscription Kates ; By carrter n attest Daily and Sunday S 143 per mo Daily only .4 lis per mo Sunday only . week t By man. Sunday nlyj .1 r (ia advance) $ so per ma Anywher to U S. 2.75 tlx ma . - S OO rear By Ban, Daily ana Ssnday: , " In Oregon S 1.10 per m ln adranc) S.SOaixm. ' - i . 10SO var ,-. Ia O. S. utald Orefon 1.43 pr mo.. - t - . i . ..- i. .. :-,") SSeaikw - ,-.s- Aadit Bonaa t Orcmlatlra -Sanaa f AaVatUataf. AST A Oreraa Nawtpasef FabUthera Assaciatiaa , Atrarttstaf BprMauavai Wari-Grtfflt Cfc. hr Tarfc Cbtear. ' . Saa Piaadsea. Datratt - r Graca &. Ooiaea CO. fhona 4-2217 r