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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (July 29, 1948)
i -; : i ...!., i t . i The Stcrtesmcm. Salem. Orjon, Thnrsdar. JulT 23 194M r SJio Favor Sway U$, No Fear Shall Aw" From First Statesman, March zs, 1851 THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY CHARLES A. S PRAGUE. Editor and Publisher ; i Member of the Associated rrew The Aisoeiated Vress U enUUed exclusive! U the we fee repebU estlea ef all the leeal news printed la this newspaper, as well as all AP news dispatches. New France in the Old World Once again France attempts the reversepryamid trick in setting up a new government. No party has a majority of mem bers of the national assembly (the communists have more mem bers than any other single party, MRP next). The man chosen to lead the cabinet is Andre Marie, a radical socialist. . This party (neither radical nor socialist) was in prewar days one of the strongest in France; now is definiteljr in eclipse. Like Ramadier, socialist, and Robert Schuman, MRP, Marie has formed a coalition government, and leaves the communists unrepre sented. The assembly has given the new ministry a vote of con fidence, so it is off on the perilous sea of French politics where waves are choppy and wind squalls frequelit. Once again Vincent Auriol, president of the republic, has succeeded in his efforts at compromise. He is skilled at that by this time, for he was the resourceful intermediary in the con flicts of the first and second constituent assemblies, the last of which produced a constitution which the pedpleadopted (some what more in despair than in hope). Marie's cabinet-pyramid stands on a three-point base with three ex-premiers of France occupying important positions. Robert Schuman replaces George Bidault as minister of foreign affairs, Paul Ramadier is minister of state and Paul Reynaud, last prewar premier, is minister of finance and foreign affairs. Its orientation is to the right rather than the left; but its concern primarily will be with France, its security and its recovery. It may be less active as partner with Britain and the United States, and more ready to resume its old role as mediator be tween east and west. For background on the Fourth Republic we warmly recom mend Dr. Gordon Wright's '"The Reshaping of French Demo cracy" (Reynal & Hitchcock, N. Y.; $3.50) Dr. Wright is pro fessor of history at University of Oregon. He had resided in France before ; the war as a graduate student. During the war he worked at 'the French desk in the department of state and then was sent to Paris as third secretary in the American embassy with the particular assignment of following French politics. He lived in Paris during the period of French political gropings for a new frame of government, became well acquainted with the principals in the emerging parties! On his return with materials fresh in mind he wrote this book,: which is a compact history of how France, emerging from the swamps of the noisome Vichy regime, built a bridge by way of DeGaulle as president m and two constitutional conventions to form the Fourth Republic. In the dark days ot German occupation leaders of the resist ance and the DeGaulists in North Africa and London discussed the future of France and a pattern for its government. The re cognized evil of the constitution of 1871 had been the frequent overturn of cabinets and dissolution of the' parliamentary body. But DeGaulle's call for a strong executive provoked fears of dictatorship. How to define and relate the powers of executive and parliament became the great issue iri the constituent as sembly. How to govern the extensive French empire in a period of colonial unrest was another vexing question. The constitution had -to be hammered out in the atmosphere of reaction from the travail of war and with the conflicting voices of multiple factions among whom the communists were strong and threaten ing. The first attempt failed when the people in May, 1946, rejected the proposed constitution. The second assembly, with Auriol again diligent at compromise, produced a document and differing greatly from the former; but by October when the election was held the French people were eager for a decision nd approved the constitution. Wright says: "Sheer lassitude, however, led them to accept it with passive satisfaction". His summary of the new government structured as follows: "The seat of political power continues to be found in the lowt. legislative house, renamed the National Assembly rather than the Chamber of Deputies. That Assembly still has the right to overthrow the cabinet at will . . . The Assembly continues to be pretty well protected against dissolution . . . the cabinet and president are forbidden to dissolve the Assembly during the first 18 months after an election . . . Within the legislative branch the predominance of the lower house over the upper is im measurably greater than it used to be. The Council of the Republic, a pale shadow of the old Senate, has been confined to the ole cf a 'chamber of reflection,' with the task of correcting the Assembly's hasty errors." "The organization and role of the executive branch brings nostalgic memories of prewar days. The president is once again elected by the two houses of parliament for a seven-year term, and is reeligible once. Again he serves as political pinboy, pick ing up cabinets whenever the Assembly knocks them down. The premier and cabinet likewise continue to, be just about what they were in practice before 1940 . . . One change in the premier's status is that he may no longer ask for 'full powers" to issue decree-laws in emergency periods . . . The judiciary in Franc has never possessed such independence .or prestige as in Anglo Saxon countries . . . the new constitution sets up a High Council of the Judiciary with power to appoint judges, supervise judicial administration and advise the president on pardons . . Besides the legal entity of the French Republic there is one of the French Union for the administration of the French Em pire. The president of the republic is president also of the Union, but the governing assembly includes representatives from the associated states. In the rather nebulous colonial situation the working of this structure will probably be determined largely by volution. . This is for France about the 14th -Constitution since the revolution of 1787. Some of them were constitutions that "would not walk". Time alone will tell how sturdy this new one will be. It reflects the uncertainties of French politics but it adheres firmly to democratic principles in which: the French people are well grounded in instinct and experienced Dr. Wright's book shows a broad understanding of French politic and is spiced with deft use of French mots". His style is 'clear and at times illuminated by passages suggestive of Macaulay or Carlyle. Here is his description of the Palais Bourbon at the time of the constituent assembly: "Tbe atmosphere of the Palais-Bourbon seemed charged with electricity on the afternoon of November 6, 1945, when the newly chosen constituent Assembly convened . . . The physical setting itself seemed to be a kind of symbol. The historic Palais Bourbon, which had been the legislative heart of France for more than a century, suddenly came back to life. Five years of German occupation had left it unchanged, save ; for the pocket marks on its facade from machinegun bursts during the liberation of Paris, and the burned-out wing housing the library. Outside, guarding the main entrance. Sully and I Colbert still gazed in granite majesty out over the Seine, beating on their pedestals the traditional Gallic legend Defense d'nriner. Within, officials who came to set the place in order found the calendar in the legislative hall still turned to June, 1840, The semicircle of red plush benches, mounting rapidly -from the speaker's rostrum; the ornate presidential desk installed by the Due de Moray, and the presidential chair first used by Lucien Bonaparte in the Council of Five Hundred; the rostrum itself, which had served as pulpit for every modern French statesman (and from which Alfred Rosenberg had more recently harangued an assemblage of nazi officers) all carried an aura of history and tradition." Here is a miniature characterization of Jaques Duclos, com munist leader: I I ' "Duclos, who left school at twelve to become; a pastry-cook's apprentice in the Pyranees, was the party's tactician and master of parliamentary debate. Squat and Barrel-shaped, resembling a bald-headed kewpie in blue serge and horn-rimaned glasses, bis appearance belied his remarkable qualities of leadership." France is convalescent from a long illness. Part of the trouble is the general infection of injustices in modern indus trialism; pacKis the moral disintegration of prewar France; part the volatile derisiveness of , Gallic temper. Yet much, depends Truman Aides to Back Price Program By Joseph and Stewart Alsop WASHINGTON, July ' 28 Washington is a city of angry men. The republicans are furious to a man. Southern blood is boil ing. And President Harry S. Truman-, the cause of it all, is angry too. His special message to con gress was a good deal less . shrill than his accept ance s p e e c h in Philadelphia. But the mood of that speech per sists, i Truman's ad visers asked him casually last week when he intended to send his message to congress. Truman replied irritably that he did not intend to send it at all -he was going to take it himself, and the republicans could boo till they were blue in the face. The president is, in fact. Spoiling for a fight, and what he mostly wants to fight about is prices. He made that quite clear at last week s cab i n et meeting, when he laid down the law with unaccus tomed fire. The special session f Stewart Alsop I program had, in mKm:fm?m... f f act, already been worked out in broad out line before the cabinet met. Most of the preparatory work on the price control measures, which are the heart of the message, was done by Paul Porter, former OPA ad ministrator, with the advice of presidential counsel Clark Clif ford and economic adviser Leon Keyserlin? among others. Freeze 'Unrealistic' Some consideration was given by these men to a much more drastic program than that the pre sident has now presented to con gress. This involved the absolute freezing of all prices and wages at present levels, on the simple theory, as one presidential ad viser put it, that "this thing has got to stop." This idea was soon discarded as unrealistic especial ly since it was believed that it might give the impression that the administration was preparing for war. "pressure from labor leaders to eliminate all reference to wage controlsvas also resisted, largely on Porter's advice. What finally emerged was something very like the administration price program which received such short shrift Irom f the congress last autumn. At ! that time, the administra tion's presentation of Truman's price proposals was almost ludi crously ineffective. A number of cabinet officers and other admin istration officials, conspicuously including former Agriculture Sec retary Clinton Anderson and Sec retary of the Treasury John Sny der made it perfectly obvious be fore various congressional com mittees that they were wildly un enthusiastic about the whole pro gram. When he outlined the new price program to his cabinet, Tru man evidently had the painful memory of these episodes in mind. He firmly told the cabinet mem bers that if any of them did not like the program, now was the time to say so. and not later. Didn't Say No No murmurs of dissent were heard. Accordingly, the admin istration can be expected to pre sent the special session program to the congress and the elector ate with a good deal more force and discipline than was the case nine months ago. Porter will be the generalissimo of the whole operation. Chief witness for the administration proposals will be Secretary of Commerce Charles Sawyer, Secretary of Agriculture C Maries F. Brannan, and Secre tary of the Interior Julius Krug. Nine months ago Treasury Sec retary Snyder hotly opposed the increase in bank reserves which are an essential part of the pre sent program. But if he returns from his west coast vacation, he will be firmly ordered to toe the administration line. Edwin Nourse, chairman of the council of econ omic advisers, fears that the coun cil may appear a mere propa ganda organ of the White House. Despite these hesitations, the members of the council, and con spicuously Vice - Chairman Key serling, will probably also be tapped as administration witnes ses. GOP May Act First In short, the administration strategy is to appeal to the elec torate over the head of congress, by hammering hard on the price issue as long as the session lasts. But although the republican leadership has taken no final de cisions as this is written, the ad ministration may never have the opportunity to put this strategy into effect. 'At a Monday caucus of repub lican leaders, the house contin gent expressed sentiment for an immediate adjournment It was argued that this move could be justified on several grounds that the calling of the special ses sion was a purely political ma neuver, that the proposed mea sures could only be administered by an efficient executive, that a " Jorfh Alaop 1 on the new France, more on its leadership and the spirit of its people than on the new constitution. At stake is the welfare' of the French people and in considerable measure the future of western civilization. Tor France is a keystone j in the arch of western Europe, is itself the mother of much of our finest culture. Bled physically by the wars and racked by faction, the prospect is for a very slow recovery. Yet given internal unity and external security France should rise again, once more to light for Europe and the world the lamps of learning: and the arts of intellectual and political freedom, and fashion the graces which make human living a pleasurable experience. 18-Y ear-Olds I ( i i Salem's first 18-year-old army recruits nnder the new army program for one-year enlistments are shewn abey belns welshed In by 8. Sgt. Robert E. Kosers of Portland army examining station. On the scales Is Arthur J. Mayes, Salem route 5, box 108G. Waiting his torn (right) Is Robert L. Saney, Salem root 7, box 12. (U.S. army phot.) prolonged squabble would dis astrously undermine American prestige before the world. Most of the senators disagreed. As one of them said: "Something just has got to be done about prices." However obviously politically mo tivated the administration pro posals, and however ; angry all concerned may be, it is hard to disagree with that remark. SOTOOO0 groups, economic constituencies, racial stocks and local and sec tional interests for the purpose of governing by consent." Nevins notes that our greatest disaster ca me from a ; party divi sion on sectional lines and says the worst disaster that could hap pen in the near future would be a division along economic and class lines. This almost resulted under the leadership of Franklin D. Roosevelt, and is frankly what is attempted in the progressive party under Henry Wallace. Nev ins says: "If we did hare a Con servative party of the propertied and a Radical party of the unprop ertied we might at last be within sight of the day when the losers of an election would begin throw ing up barricades in the streets." No, the ; mixing of stocks and races and classes and creeds in our parties contributes to national unity in the end. It spells democ racy within the parties. And it makes it possible for leavens (like Senator Morse) to be at work within parties to keep them fresh and vigorous. Sure, one gets disgusted with the slow motion of old parties, with their compromises, with the hypocrisy of their platforms, the shallowness of their campaign ora tory. But they are amalgams of large numbers of people. To keep them cohesive there must be broad tolerances. Their creed must not be too rigid (Jefferson, the strict const ructiqnist, was the greatest expansionist in the purchase of Louisiana5). Their evolution is apt to be fortuitous adapting policies and tactics to the opportunities of the times. That is the way a party system works successfully for the govern ment along democratic lines of a nation of nearly 150,000,000 peo ple. PortIancler8 Urge Building on West Side for Savings Decentralization of public bull dings was opposed by seven of nine members of the Portland city planning commission who appeared before the state board of control Wednesday. The commission, headed by Glen Stanton, urged construction of a proposed $2,500,000 state of fice building in west Portland. They Indicated that such a loca tion would prove most conven ient to the public and eventually result in a financial saving. Oth er groups have favored east Port land sites. j Members of the group estimat ed that the state would save ap proximately $90,000 a year in au tomobile travel expense provid ed the new building is located in west Portland. j Roy Mills, board of control secretary, said he had Investigat ed as many as 15 sites for the proposed state office building and would file his recommenda tions next month. ; Enlist in Army Albany Woman Asks Damages In Bus Wreck Mrs. Beulah Carpenter of Al bany Wednesday filed a second suit in Marion county! circuit court seeking damages for injur ies allegedly sustained in a bus truck collision last November near Jefferson. The complaint instituted Wed nesday is against the i Journal Garage company of Portland. The company owns the truck, Mrs. Carpenter contends, which col lided with the Greyhound bus in which she was riding. She is asking for $25,238 dam ages. A similar complaint brought against the bus. company came to nought several weeks ago when a circuit court jury found in fa vor of the company. The accident occurred Nov. 5, 1947, near Midway. Donald W. Billings, driver of the Oregon Journal truck, was killed in the crash and the but driver, G. W. Jones of Eugene, was hospitalized with serious leg injuries. A bus passenger died later In a local hospital. Mrs. Carpenter alleges in her latest complaint that the truck was operated negligently with de fective brakes and at a speed "greater than was reasonable." Another passenger On the bus the time of the accident, Mrs. Anna Hansen of Silverton, also has filed suit in circuit court against the Greyhound lines and the Journal Publishing company for damages totaling $8,500. GM Reports Income Rise NEW YORK, July 28-P)-Gen-eral Motors reported to stock holders today a second quarter net income of $110,282,260 or $2.43 a share on net sales of $1,145,554,234. This compared with net Income of $76,760,011 or $1.66 a share on net sales of $941,568,274 for the second quarter of last year. Sales of General Motors cars and trucks to dealers and for shipment overseas totaled 1.057, 386 units the first six months of this year against 824,032 the first half of 1947. GRIN AND BEAR r Lbs W - . . . And their yeaal lasUUUoaw democracies ... why. aver there . Jail...' -.iPcaMii pfcecoBds DISTRICT COURT Gerald D. Stowell, 1165 Oxford sC charged with larceny, case compromised on promise to make restitution on tools. Charles Dallas Ramsey. San Francisco, Calif, violation of basic rule, fined $10 and costs. Gilbert Garner, Salem route 2, assault and battery, trial, set for August 26 following plea of in nocent; held In lieu of $100 ball. Alice Earle Cooper, Salem route 8, no operator's license, fined $5 and costs. Kenneth Edward Allen, 2409 N. 4th st, charged with non-support, continued for plea to, July 29; held in lieu of $500 baiL MARRIAGE LICENSE APPLICATIONS Ralph A. Bickel, mechanic, Stayton, and Ida M. Boje, domestic, Silverton. Robert Jesse Carter, 25, laborer, and Lorine Edith Williams, 18, waitress, both of Silverton. Wallace Gene Scott, 21, student. Walla Walla, Wash., and I mo gene JUanita Sproede, 25, student, Salem route 2, box 403B. PROBATE COURT Geraldine Ann Unrein guardian ship estate: Settlement of accident claim for $300 authorized. Henry Cashman estate: Order closes estate. Posey H. Hampton estate: Order appoints Mildred W. Pearce ' ad ministratrix and C. M. Crittenden, L. M. Scholl and Forest Loop ap praisers. William Francis Sheehan. jr., estate: Final account fixed for September 7. Jean Patricia Drake estate: Or der authorizes sale of personal pro perty. Thomas E. Drake estate: OrderJ authorizes sale of personal pro perty. Emma H. Bucklin estate: Pioneer Trust company appointed admin istrator and L. M. Birch, Sam F. Speerstra and Lillian Davis ap pointed appraisers.' CIRCUIT COURT Josephine A. Smith vs Sherman E. Smith: Suit for divorce charging cruel and inhuman treatment asks for custody of four minor child ren, $30 per month support money for each child, $100 per month ali mony, and ownership of real and personal property. Married Nov. 28. 1942, at Reno, Nev. Keith Brown and Edna Brown vs Laura L. Macklin and others: Decree .quiets plaintiffs' title to real property. Earl Sharp vs Sarah R. Riley Health Board To Control All Administration A previously stated Marion county court decision to throw policy control of the county health department into the lap of the department executive board was drafted into a resolu tion Wednesday. me courts resolution recoe- nizes the executive board as the policy-making Doard and gives the board full authority and re sponsibility to conduct the ad mlnistrative functions of the de partment. The county court reserved for itself the right "through the county budget committee to pass upon appropriations for the de partment. Reason for the move, the reso lution stated, was to eliminate a "dual authority in the depart ment. This joint control came into effect when the county court was designated by the state in 1944 a the agency to audit and pay department accounts. The executive board had already been in effect since 1930. The executive board consists of Judge Murphy, City Manager J. L. Franzen, representing Salon; Mrs. David Wright, representing Salem school district 24; Dr. P. A. Loar of Silverton school dis trict 4; Mrs. Ruby Bunnell of the Marion County Tuberculosis and Health association and rep resentation from the Mill City- Gates school district. IT By Lichly aoane ec laeir . kh mum mw m Sharp: Default order entered. Opal Velma Fountain vs Corlus Albert Fountain: Suit for divorce charging cruel and inhuman treat ment asks for custody of a minor child.. Married Oct. 6, 1931, at Nevada, Mo. . j Leonard J. Maxwell vs Israel Hartman: Defendant's motion, for new trial denied. j ' Dorothy J. Cavilee vs Norman J.'Cavilee: Suit for divorce charg ing cruel and Inhuman treatment asks for restoration of former name of Dorothy Gaines. Married Aug. 29, 1946. atj Monmouth. J C. C Horger as Oregon Freight Lines vs George H. Flagg, state public utilities commissioner: Or der allowsj alternative writ I of mandamus land directs defendant to fix a hearing on plaintlfrsJ applicauon j for a fixed termini common carrier permit or to appear by September 3. Edward A. Brown vs Sarah W. Stump: Complaint seeks damages amounting to $11,200 for humilia TV PEWRITERS 1 I ' . I !'''. Calculators, Adding Machines, Duplicators All Makes Sold, Rented, Repaired ftOEH TYPEULUTEIl EXCHANGE i Phone 6773 I 456 Court StJ WEST SALEU FUEL CO. ! IIOTICE! J SAVE TEIE - SAVE I10IIEY Order your sawdust at our summer price. Use a eon veyor to fill your basement. 1 1 Phone 24031 i i We are fferins a complete inspection . en front ei alisnment. Make certain your Ures are not wearins out doe to Incorrect wear. We will also cheek your wheels fer proper balajiee. , This Is a Free Inspection! Put your confidence and make certain your car is safe for lne highway. ! Also Estimates oo Trams Straightening ; The Douglas IIcEay Chevrolet Co. 3 10 No. Commercial ' CONVENIENT -XaotiihES DAILY a a a a u a jj Der'" Sale fart Ens EISUniUICE GROUP I Ado-TrcdrFiro; OLD EX Model can are - mUU YAL.UABLE. Will rear present Inaarmaee company pro tect year ll37-3S-Jf-4t ante far Fire-Theft and Comp. and Collision? We win de this for yen and save yes money. Complete la formaUoa la bo farther Uuua yow phase. CALX. NOW. I I ' . . f - C3 Ccari Si. Salem. Oregon I ii MM - ouii - .. : t CAPITOL LUMBER M. OxatTT Avenue) tion allegedly caused by a nuisance complaint filed by defendant. MUNICIPAL COURT Robert Ray Jenkins, Dallas, vio lation of i basic j rule, posed $25. bail. ' . j . ; "hi Kermit LeRoy Peterson, Salem route 8, reckless driving Involving liquor, fined $200. i Frank3 Prince, 267 S. Winter sL, charged with disorderly con duct, posted $23 bail. Gary L Shirley, Gervals, vio lation of noise ordinance, fined $7.50. ! ... 1 . . a We Can't Tell Your : I FORTUNE 1 And don't think you! can tell ours, but we do think; that ypu can tell, when you get good clothes cleaning. We are not new in the business, but have a new location. . :J Cleaning and Pressing M Men's Salts 1.00 i Cash Carry Repairing St ' Alterations Pantorium Cleaners 942 N. CMunerclaL Ph. 2-4589 1525 EdgewaUr ; -1 in a front-end specialist Salem . ..act; ' 520 IL inch Mario at Hlsa rhene 1 S ... r aulX OSKO DM. Mxr. rnaniT tcc::c"jai - Flion tZZl " i - . v n i it n iff ID . ' 'i ' '