Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 21, 1945)
tej&oti Where Naval Group Wants U-S. to Keep Bases in Pacific j Mqwq -8 f. ' Wo Favor Sway V; No Fear Shall Awe From First Statesman, March 28, 1851 i THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COklPANY j CHARLES A. SPRAGUE, Editor and Publisher I ' : - " m i I Member of the Associated Press i f I The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for publication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited In this newspaper. mm i i V k Pacific Bases I A subcommittee of the house naval affairs committee has made a report recommending retention of bases through the western Pacific. Following the statement of President Truman declaring the same public policy it may be regarded as settled that the United States will keep many of the key points which it has oc cupied during the war. .This is permissible under the terms of the Charter of the United Nations, though it does not square with the strict interpretation of the Atlantic Charter. The congressional subcommittee made four recommendations: 1st, the United States should dominate Mic ronesia, the nest of island along the equator, Carolines, Marshalls and Marianas also the outlying islands of Japan, the Izus, Bonins and Ryukus. 2nd, we should have deficits rights to certain sites we have developed on territories of our allies in the Pacific. 3rd, full title should be given to American bases on Guadalcanal, at Noumea, Espirity Santo, etc. 4th, these bases should not be permitted to lapse into conditions of poor preparedness. With due respect to the recommendations of the subcommittee we would express the view that our final policy should be worked out as a joint enterprise in which the state depart ment, war and navy departments and congres sional committees and the director of the budget should have a hand. It would be a mistake to try to grab all the pinpoints of islands in the Pacific. It is not necessary. We will do better to select the key points and then brace them. However we must beware of being caught as the Japs have been in this war. For example if our Hawaiian base should fall then all our outlying bases would be rendered virtually im potent. Our strategic frontier therefore must be studied carefully before selections are made. We must remember too that aircraft carriers, longer-range bombers and rocket bombs mini mize the value of exposed bases, unless they are firmly held. The carrier as we have devel oped it has become a movable base. i Our policy with reference to the Pacific can hardly be unilateral. We have to regard the interests of the British Commonwealth of nations, of Australia in particular, of China and of Russia. Nor should we ignore the ob ligations of the Charter of the United Nations. If this organization succeeds as an instrument ality for keeping peace we can reduce our com mitments in the Pacific, but hardly until then. There is virtually no commercial value in retention of such island outposts. They are economically deficient and we will have to pour in money to give the natives a decent standard of living. For all these reasons our policy in the Pa cific needs to be studied with extreme care, and be reasonably flexible to meet changes In the future. 1 Fines on Borax Concerns The twenty-mule teams will have to haul a .Jot of borax out of the desert to pay the fines levied by the United States court on the borax companies for violating the Sherman anti-trust act. The six American, British and former Ger man companies and , their officers were fined Editorial Comment NON-APPEASER STEPS OUT Governor Snell last Wednesday expressed "shock and keen regret" at the resignation of Paul Crooks as chairman of the state liquor control commission. Doubtless . others who are earnestly interested in forthright administration of the liquor control act share the same feeling. : The governor . also said that Chairman Crooks as a member of the commission "has rendered an outstanding service and given unsparingly of his time and effort." That, too, was a statement of fact. Chairman Crooks la a busy man in atten tion to his private affairs, yet he took time out for daily visits to the headquarters offices of the 1 commission and personal attention to the details of the commission's business. His oversight of the functioning of the commission was not limited to the two or three-day monthly meetings. He was on the job all the time. Where Chairman Crooks did not mesh with his two fellow commissioners, and the commission's administrator, was that he did not like to be pushed around by licensees of the commission or those without licenses who were operating without them, or their attorneys. One of the last chocks he put under the wheels of that ilk was laid down just before his resignation, when he proposed the rule that continued operation of licensees under order of suspension: be stopped immediately whenever the commission had sus tained its decision after aa appeal, even though application for a rehearing, were filed. The practice had been that operations were allowed as long a? licensee were before the commission either on Initial appeal or application for rehearing, a very convenient arrangement for the licensee. " The belated application of the Gold Room, a night spot which long had been a. thorn in the side of the commission, for a service license, and the majority reversal of the commission's stand by Commissioners Lilley and Kirkpatrick and Ad ministrator Conway, was the last straw to break down Chairman Crooks patience and force his resignation. With three cases ' pending in - court against the Gold Room and the recognized Intent bf its attorney to make these the test of commission Jurisdiction, and after prior decision of the com mission to take no action on the license application until after the court had acted. Commissioners Lilley and Kirkpatrick, supported by the recommen dation of Administrator Conway, reversed them selves and granted the license. Chairman Crooks put the' motion made by Lilley and seconded by Kirkpatrick and announced his resignation. ' Chairman Crooks does not believe in a policy of appeasement in the administration and enforce ment of the liquor control act So he got tired of "botttntf ssafnstit and quit--RaIprr Watson in Ore gon Journal. - - . -t $146,000. Of course, that is probably just a fraction of the toll theyj have taken through their fixing of prices. I i j ' ' M In addition the? British interests are required to sell two of the mines they have owned and to drop a suit against the secretary of i the interior in which they were trying to get patent to ten acres of one of the world's richest deposits of kernite, from Which the commercial borax is derived, which J was valued at from seven to ten million dollars. I The persistent I efforts bf the department of justice will bring results in making business concerns pay more respect to the Sherman act. Business itself,! which talks a lot about free enterprise, doesn't hesitate to shackle competi tion in order to gouge the public. 1 t 1 Tf - Plants for Experiments L - ! Springfield's wood alcohol plant is in the same boat as Salem's alumina plant; the war ended before either got to operating.: Like our alumina venture, the alochol plant j is some thing of an experiment, to see if it is practical to produce alcohbl from j waste wood. In both cases the experiments should be carried out so that operation techniques may be learned and costs determined. j ' i What "needs to be solved with the Springfield plant is disposal of the 1 waste liquors which result from the j process! We have been told they were in such quantity and of such chemical strength they would destroy fish life in the Willamette. Researchers at Oregon State college are working on the problem but we have heard of no solution. ; 5 ...... jr. Kona : . i tMhES.;"?: ?9&&y&&yyY:?"vy.yys.-yy4?.y&e?, MH!rM,An,y',y,y.y,'-9 ;yy.- . mmmmmsm M ' "y. L & . t .4 1? JAPAN 1000. HUH X. Pocifk Oteoh . 1 v ' ' rV, W:- HAWAIIAN f MAW ..GUW t . tt '0 AUSTRALIA 5 :r- 4, auLUwun CllAOAtfAHM . . ? . ..v. :- - 3 DxmwrfCW t : O 'v. - ehind the WevG . By PAUL MALLON (Distribution by King Featurea Syndicate, Inc. Reproduction In whole - or In part strictly prohibited.) Map locates sites for naval bases in the Pacific which would be retained by the U. SL under recom mendations of the house naval subcommittee report which asserted the V. 8. shoeld retain eotright some islands taken from the Japanese, and that other bases should be maintained la the Pacific. The report nrred that full title bo obtained for thoao bases fat islands mandated to other nations which cannot defend them. Shaded area traces sons ant-rested as main line sir strategy fori defense la the Pacific. (AP wirephoto map) ) j - - ? It's gradually getting easier for some folks to remember they've gas' enough so they don't have to walk or take a bus down town. But it'll be a few days yet j before everyone gets in the habit of remembering where they parked the car. ' . - ! I 1 I1 1 1 -5 J t LA . D. Whit The Japanese wouldn't have had to ' under stand English to get thej gist of the : quite-expressive comments which? greeted the news .that some of our fliers still were being shot down over Tokyo aftet the surrender. l i Interpreting Ij The War I News i By JAMES D. WHITE I - . - AnectaUd PrM 1 Staff Writer j : ffi ; SAN FRANCISCO, Aug! 20.-)-Evcn without his handle-bar moustache, I think I recognized Lt. Gen. Takashiro Kawabe from his picture. He is the unfortunate Shamurai chosen to head the mission to General MacArthur to learn the terms of Japanese surrender. If this is the Kawabe I knew, years ago, he has plumbed the depths of degradation for a Japanese, for when I knew him he was a conoueror. ' 9. -. A . 1A9ij it, was August ,, ivoi,:.mm a mechanized Japanese army bri gade was taking over the an cient capital of China, Peipfng. Along the mimosa-lined street rolled a staff car, and in the staff car was General Kawabe his mous taches waving in the breeze. But the story begins still earl ier. Early in 1937, some months before the Japanese invaded China 'from their Manchurian base but were already planning to, the com mandant of the Japanese embassy guard threw a party for foreign correspondents. j It I The commandant was a Col. T. Kawabe, famous locally for his handle-bar, moustaches but ', whose first name, we Were told, was a military secret He was being transferred to Manchuria, and wanted to entertain the foreign press before he left. That was , the story. Trom the careful ques tioning at the dinner it was apparent the: Japanese wanted to know exactly what foreign correspond ents thought about Japan and what she was doing. Kawabe was a! red-faced little man, unusually so for a Japanese. He had the ruddiness and the liveliness of some Yankee; country storekeeper. lt was one of those banquets where you sit 00 the floor in your socks and try to avoid drinking as much sake as I the Japanese want you to. Kawabe, as host, was all over the place and got boisterously tight as he tried to get us drunk. He confided to each his consuming friendship1 for for eigners who understood Japan's real intentions, and, held our hand as. he labored in English! to get us to tell him what we really though about Japan. It was all according to protocol at first, and he held the hand of the oldest guest first, but soon abandoned this order to get to the representatives, of the bigger news agencies. I i j He got very gay, along with the other Japanese. present, and ended up by giving us a demonstra tion of how he could walk on his hands.! . He was good, too. He stumped around the room upside-down, and the skirts of his long black kimono fell down over his head. He was wearing long underwear. ' s Kawabe then went to Manchuria, but soon earner back. . j - ,. . .. - . , t, I , - . ;, vf- When war broke out with China the next sum mer a mechanized brigade thundered down through the great wall and encircled Peiping. Its job was to let the Chinese garrison slip out and thus take the great cultural center intact Kawabe, who knew the city intimately from his service there as garri son commandant did exactly that as leader of the mechanized force. : 1 ' .. -. 1 J' 1, . .v s Unlike most Japanese militarists, he did not swagger as ha rode into town in his staff car with-moustaches flying. He soon turned command over to General Count Terauchi, and disappeared; From his pictures radiophotoed from; Manila, he is much changed today. The proud moustaches are gone, but the jutting cheekbones and the stiff eait 100K tne same. He older. Tho Literary Guidcpost ! By W. G. ROGERS DEMOCRACT IN AMERICA, bjr Al exia d TocqaeTlU (Knopf; S6). Since Tocqueville wrote his classic more than a century ago, a delay in reviewing this edi tion! published in April, ought not to matter. Perhaps the most astonishing aspect of the young French visitor's undoubted ge nius is that so many of the ob servations he made in 1831-2 are as true today as they were then, or as they were three months ago.' Tocqueville was a royalist or at least a Bourbon, sympathizer. He and a friend, Gustavo da Beaumont, came here to investi gate prisons, stayed to study de mocracy in action. Tocqueville saw America under one of the most forthright democrats: Pres ident Jackson; ho wrote for Frenchmen living under one of , the least effective monarchs: Louis-Philippe tho Orleanist. But in a larger sense he wrote for all peoples in all times. Phi losophers had theorized about the equalitarian, democratic state, but it remained for him to take an actual example apart and! study it piece by piece. Ho made unique discoveries about us and our government, and phrased them suberbly. We might ask ourselves how many of these observations, picked at random, would apply to us now: Tho characteristics of the American journalist con sist ! in an open and course ap peal to tho passions of his read ers.!. . I know of no country in which there is so little inde pendence of mind and real free dom of discussion as in Amer- 5 , .s - : AT THE FBONTl - War Has Left Franc Poor. Bewildered, But Full of Ambition 1 I By Robert WllseR (Subbing for Kenneth L. Dixon) PARIS, Aug. 1MP)-Ai bath tub and refrigerator in ! every French home is one facet of a program under which the poor ly housed French people hope to raise their standard of living closer to the American standard. "The French are the worst housed people in Europe," Re construction Min i s t e r Raoul Dautry says. "Our hygienic le vel hasn't made any progress since the - time of Charles X (1830)." In addition to sanitary com plaints, French farmers in Brl tanny resent the dollar a day paid German prisoners working the 'farms while the French farm labor wage is fixed at 80 cents daily ... France's popu lation is now estimated at 40, 300,000 which is 900,000 less than in September, 1939. An es timated 100,000 troops were killed in 1939-40, another 50, 000 from then to the war's end, while 100,000 civilians were killed by bombings and shell fire, 4000 were executed by the Germans as French traitors and 60,000 died as slave laborers for the reich . . . French clocks, now six hours ahead of New York timo, will be turned back an hour. A call via civilian lines from here to Reims, 75 miles distant takes at least three hours . i . Girl operators are hard to find because the salary is $65 monthly. ! Much has been spoken and written about j Frances food shortage . . . The stark facts are that a Frenchman who before the war ate 95 pounds of meat yearly pow has 1 pound, compared to the American con sumption of 141 pounds per capita; 12 pounds of fats com pared tq 33 pounds in France in 1939, and 13 pounds of sugar compared to 47 five' years ago J . . French "newspapers care fully pointed out that under, the law Gen. Petain'a condemnation to "national indignity" means he ho longer has tho right to the title "manhaH .1. . France cur rently has 200,000 nazi prisoners at work and hopes eventually to ' raise this number to 1,400,000 . . . As first reparations" she anticipates 00,000 pairs of shoes from a German factory at Pir maeson. , icaJ (The prejudice of race is nowhere) so intolerent as in those states where servitude has never been known. . . . In aris tocracies a few great pictures are; produced; in democratic countries a vast number of in significant ones. . . . Democracy not j only infuses a taste for let ters among the trading classes, but! introduces a trading spirit intq literature. . . (Democratic communities) will endure pov erty, : servitude, barbarism, but .they will not endure aristocracy.' . . . The Americans, in their in tercourse with strangers (for eigners), appear Impatient of the The French telephone system is currently one of the mora mysterious phenomenona on the face of the globe. It is a common experience to find yourself sud denly conversing with someone who has telephoned you while you were talking to someone else. Apparently finding your conversation dull for eavesdrop ping purposes, the operator simply cuts in another call . . . smallest censure and Insatiable of praise." This smartly designed, two vohune, boxed edition is tho Reeves translation as revised by Bowen, now eorected and an notated by Dr. Phillips Bradley, of ! Queens College. Bradley is correct in noting that it is time for a brand new translation. GRIN AND BEAR IT By Lichty looks, of course, many years' Kawabe used to be one of the more anpealinc Japanese, one of those who seems in spite bf long military careers to have a joke dancing j in his eye, but who is alj spit and polish and military efficiency at the same time. - 1,7. ' - 1 wffi? M. French . newspa per editors struggled heroically trying to translate "blood and guts" when Gen. George S. Patton. jr., came to Paris . . In French slang the American monicker came out "sang et cran" (blood and intelligence) and "sang et tripe." j V K the -1"" Safety Valve LETTERS FROM STATESMAN READERS I END DAYLIGHT SATINO To the Editor: 1 i; Now that we are passing from war-time to peace time and, probably, to considerable unem ployment, it seems appropriate to allow the world's workers a chance to go to work by day . light J . .- "Daylight-saving" is a misno mer, known as such by every student of science, as well i as by most early risers; ao why should we continue to cheat our selves, just to please a minority of the commercial interests? - But owing, to the nature of our government no change Is likely; until individuals and or ganizations - request it of their congressmen. So, now that no one can be accused of sabotaging -the war effort,: many of them will welcome such requests. ; - " Respectfully, i JOSEPH E. TORBET, 961 Oak St SV1 "Ow plans f or pace are sbstiBtiaUy the same as they were for war, colonel 4t all has to be done ia triplicater . ' Vehicle Registration Touls 408,406 Uniu Motor " vehicle registration i In Oregon at the end of July totaled 408,406 units, an Increase of . 3400 units over the registration at the same time last year. Secretary of State Robert S. farrell, JrH an nounced here today. Of the total, 322,671 were pri vate passenger cars which-represented a slight decrease from the total of 323,543 registered a year ago. '." I - ' ' :- There were 1142 busses, 15,383 light trucks and 45,448 heavy trucks. Registration fees totaled $3,454,443.07 compared to 33,345, 192.94 a year ago,-, , " . CRASHES RETORTED MEDFORD, Aug. 20.-(P-First weekend after gas rationing end ed here today with five persons in a hospital from four accidents. WASHINGTON, August 20. The confusion about where the United States is going in this world seems developing into a debate. Mr. Churchill, still the best reporter of j International events in his new secondary role (his speeches 'give more news) told parliament the U. S. "at the minute stands at the summit of the world." He added that in power -and responsibility it would take two or three years before our great progress is over taken. Yet since peace, all you hear on our ra dio every hour on the hour are : pasi auiiew doleful tomes about how many unemployed there will be and Mr. Truman has summoned back congress primarily to raise the unemployment compensation lev el from $20 to $23 a week and extend the allowances from 20 toi 26 weeks. There are some who see a con nection between the - cries, that the wolves are at our door, and the program to push up the un employment allowance which congress had steadfastly resisted for many months. In . fact the connection is so closely joined, in their eyes, that the common prophesies of defeat for the Tru man idea and the CIO demands which would go further are be ing softly amended. Word being passed around now, the Truman measure will surely be adopted and the CIO may pry additional concessions. I am not a master of the prop aganda arts, which become more mystifying to me as new ; tech niques develop, but I do recall many past occasions, in recent years, when the cry of "wolf, wolf," was raised solely for the purpose of shearing the sheep while the public was looking for the wolf, j In this particular case, I note that tax reduction is a subject further down the list Indeed, no program for that phase of post war adjustment was worked up in advance by the administration, although some anonymous mem bers of congress were being quot ed on the back pages of the papers that the normal tax will be cut from 6 to 3 per cent Also I have heard some rather good authorities suggest the taxes our people arc paying are greater than the war expenditures of all the other nations of the world in short, our people are paying more than all other nations were putting out in the war. This can not be precisely proved or dis proved because what Russia spends is not even known to her own people, but I believe it to be substantially j true. . In any case, everyone now is paying taxes, or should be, most people through the nose by the withholding arrangement, yet no comparable interest in their be half is noticeable. You never hear anyone crying:. "Wolf the tax collector." - i Not only that but you never even get a straight-forward pic ture of the unemployment situa tion. No one has gone on the radio at any hour I have1 been on, to say that 80 per cent of the unemployed are already auth orized to get the maximum of $20 a week, but an expert figured out the fact and the congres sional experts say it is about right The states, of course, are flushed (possibly $6,000,000,000) with big employment reserves from war taxes, as in New York, for instance, where th unem ployment sales tax was kept on before and throughout the war although - there was no unem ployment When need for the tax passed, the tax was not repealed. Perhaps I am expecting too much to think that any politician would wolf up a tax reduction program. But why is this? There are more taxpayers than any other ; class. Nor do I hear anything about the existing, greatest non-military spending program ever con ceived in the mind of man. Con freea has appropriated $1,500 000,000 for flood control works end $500,000,000 a year for high ways, a fact you will never find In a CIO leaflet .promoting in creased free compensation; The GI bill of rights is supposed to dispense between $3,000,000,000 and $4,000,000,000 in compensa . tions within two years, with al lowances to pay the way of many boys through two years school ing, but there Is no advertising on that : j 1 I thought I had a rather good column Aug.' 6 showing the un dded total of our foreign apend lend program was $15,700,000,000 including lend-lease,! export-import bank, Bretton Woods, army relief and UNRRA, but that fact is still otherwise unadvertised. No one else added It ;and no one ever referred to it as a foreign lend-spend program, j In connec tion with this current story, it must be considered an unemploy . ment relief measure. Now add on the domestic end, -$2,000,000,000 for public works, $3,500,000,000 for GI and $6,000, 000,000 in the state unemploy ment compensation i funds and you have $11,500,000,000 more, or a grand total planned expendi ture of more than $27,000v000, 000 (billions). Why, Roosevelt in his palmiest free-spending days never spent one-third of that . amount in his budgets. In short the proposed relief spending is more than t h r e e j times the amounts with which rMr. Roose velt shocked the world of eco nomics a few years ago. The taxpayers, bf Course, will pay it alL Is this why the present-day politician never mentions the sub ject most affecting practically all the people in their pocketbooks and breadbaskets? And why their - publicity men do not add up and announce what theyj are spend ing and proposing to: spend, but let the wolf cry run such deep wails as to deafen j the public against all other considerations except the reported presence of the wolf? j Control Board Office to Close 1 The hop control board offices in Salem are preparing to close with the automatic expiration of the marketing agreement. Under the marketing law the hop agree ment automatically expires Sep tember 1 and renewal under ex isting laws may not be sought while prices are above parity. While the marketing agreement is expiring some of thej advantages which have accrued to the indus try through the maintenance of a control office may be! maintained on a voluntary organization basis. Among these advantages are in cluded the collection and dissemi nation of industry statistics and the ' common meeting ground for affiliated industries, producers, dealers and brewers. The local office has two months in which to liquidate its set up and it is possible some such volunteer organization may be i established before November 1, the end of the two) month period. j Paul Rowell is the managing director of the local J office. He has held that position ! since Octo ber 51943 when Conrad Paulus re tired to private business. The hop control board covers all-of the Pacific coast hop grow ing areas and is estimated to in clude 99 percent of j the United States bops. 1 Council Pleads Salvage Need The need for salvaging scrap paper, tin cans and waste fats continues, regardless of the end of the war, , the Marion County Defense Council stressed today. A telegram received by the State Salvage Committee from the War Production Board in Washington, DC, stated that "al though fighting war has ended, certainf materials are in short supply and restrict orderly re conversion. For the present therefore, will you j please ask your committees to continue sal vaging tin cans, used fats and waste paper as if there had been no change in war status. We hope need for volunteers in salvaging these materials will terminate in near future, but for present their efforts are definitely needed." There probably will be a com bined tin can and Waste paper drive in . the fall. In the mean time, each person is urged to save their tin cans and peper until no tified of the date of the drive. Waste fata may be turned In to meat dealers at any time. The federal reserve system was inaugurated in 1914. I Diamonds reset while yea wait Stevens Makers ef Fine Jewelry I ' j Lovely mounting o! " . various designs to enhance .'. beauty of our dknnondj ; - , . .1 ' Terms gladly arranged - -. Oregon
