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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (April 21, 1945)
I - Si .... 1 1 , - - b - ' I ffi? 0CES3D0 to Siia NINETY-FIFTH YEAR 12 PAGES Salem, Oregon Saturday Morning, April 21. 1945 Pile 5c No. 22 - i ..-t... . . , POU NOBD loot - - -' v - . I , . . -r- - i -'r i Civic-minded citizens who have to do the chores when it comes to 'solicitation for worthy causes have been under some . embarrassment in -recent weeks because of the .campaign lor funds of the Amer ican Cancer society; The effort has been made to concentrate money-raising campaigns for wel fare mirnoses into two major drives, one for the Red Cross in -the 'Spring of the year, the otner for the war agencies and local community chest agencies in the -fall of the year; When new ap peals of a general nature come along it is hard td find workers ;to do the task, and the public is to be resentful of -. another lamDaien. It does seem as though : there might well be some consolidation in the health field. First is the nle of Christmas seals for support tf the tuberculosis organization whlcn.nas naa a ions , ful career. Stimulated by the original Roosevelt birthday "balls money has been raised the 'naKt 13 vears for work in the field ,f infantile paralysis; but that has extended from the mere holding tf birthday balls to a general ao rtal or funds. Now the Amen tan Cancer society has expanded ; its appeal to $5,000,000 for the purposes of education and re search, and is holding a general .Jrive in Aoril. In this state a number of the counties which had urnlus funds In their war chest .treasuries drew on those funds to meet county quotas in order to kpare workers and the public a fresh drive for funds. r This is only a temporary expedi ent. The question that will come nn in how future campaigns should I handled. And what overall theck should there bp, (Continued on Editjorial page) Yanks Conquer Central Sector fit Pliil iivmriAC ' MANILA, Saturday, April 21-Jpy-Gen. Douglas MacArthur to day announced conquest oi we 'central Philippines has been com i leted: with extermination of all tut a few remnants of the Jap anese garrison on Cebu. He said the Cebu victory, in which 500 enemy bodies .--were counted on the field Thursday, ;ave his forces control of ,33,000 square miles of the central and southern Philippines, liberated 6, 400,000 civilians and reduced Jap anese strongpoints in the entire Philippine? to two Davao on Mindanao and Baguio, the sum jner capital on Luzon. Doughboys ere approaching both these, which have been - weakened by aerial t-ombardment. i -MacArthur also announced that three Fliipino collaborationist lead ers had escaped to Formosa in a Japanese plane. He named them s Jose P. Laurel, "head of this disloyal grou,' and Beniguo A juino and Osias (given name un available) "two of its most active 'members." H iTugman Sees Intolerance As Threat i "At no time In our history has 1 there been such great danger that m .war-weary people will forget j everything for jwhicii they nave tood toeether j and fought not Unry in tba war but in every war Hf bjtory. This was the mtmnAtsd br William UL Tugman, Bugen newspaperman who has been a leader in devei- th now - famous ''Lane eounty plan," as he spoke here Friday night at the annual ban quet of the Salem Federation of Tatriotic Societies. ' The - federation . elected Hex 'TCimmd li cresident to succeed Luther D. Cook; named Paul Hen dricks vice-president, Mrs. Arwin 1 Ktravw secretarr. and Mrs. Frank Marshall treasurer at the meeting which followed the banquet In the ifsrion hotel mirror" room. . ! "In our American faith," Tug 'man declared, "we have a cross to bar this cross of tolerance." r Whatever plans are made, he .urged, should retain "the essen .tials of functioning democracy, Admittedly, i there are a great many functions of business . nd f rovernment which can be per- ; formed more efficiently for this ge if the administration is na stinnal in scooe. But the underly- f ing question, even in these things, j U whether power and authority 1 crows from the bottom up or whe- ther it is to be imposed from the Mi D S MSKS . TOD". Ha Junction Due Soon " Nuernberg Falls; British Gosing In on Hamburg : ; By Austin Bealmear PARIS, Saturday, April 2l-Jfy-Three Allied armies, raced as much as 23 miles south yesterday to ward Hitler's redoubt in Bavaria, captured" Nuernberg and reaehed within 30 miles of Lake Constance, western bulwark of the probable last-stand Nazi position deep in the Alps. With the British battering a mile from the suburbs of Hamburg, Germany's second greatest city, and with peace riots reported rag ing in Berlin and Munich, Hitler passed silently through his 56th and blackestbirthday, 'But worse was in store, "'.' Supreme headquarters declared flaflv that th unirtn rt WMtorn Allies and the Red armies would come in the next few days. Gen-. eral Eisenhower declared in an nrrier of the dav that German ar- I mies of the west were "tottering on the threshold of defeat." Ready to Strike i Three great American armies,! the V.S. Ninth, First and "Third, were coiled and ready to strike along the Elbe where by Ger man account, the- Americans -and Russians were but 54 miles apart. The Germans predicted that soon the Ninth army would un cork a power punch at Berlin from its bridgehead on the Elbe 52 miles away, concerting its blows with those of the Russians now at the eastern gates of the German cap ital. Allied bombers loosed destruc tion on German defenses north west, west, and southwest of Ber lin along the route the, Allies from the west would have to take to reach the capital. ; ' They struck both by day and by night. Releases Divisions The fall of the Nazi party city of Nuernberg released elements of two armored and three infantry divisions for th southward push that was driving a steel wedge be tween the Germans' Alpine retreat and Czechoslovakia's arsenals. The Seventh army was less than 70 miles from Munich and the French were but 65 miles from thf Aus trian frontier. j Germany not only was losing control of her great' ports Brem en was cut off from three sides with only roads to the North sea open but she was losing her grip cn those of France which she long had blockaded. The French; announced that the big Atlantic port of Bordeaux now was open with all effective resistance wiped from both sides of the Gironde river approaches to the city. VALUATIONS INCREASED ALBANY, April 20 -(.-Assessed property valuation in Linn county will be increased . 10 per cent for the 1945 tax rolls, County Assessor W. C. Templeton said today. . WithReds Dead Get Ghastly Burial at Fearsome Concentration Camp By Wllldam Fry BELSEN, Germany, April 20-LT-The dead were getting a bur ial today at this fearsome "con centration camp each nameless dead getting a ghastly burial. No coffins or flowers at this funeral. No tears or . well-bred sympathy. No music. . These naked corpses were haul ed in trucks and dumped into a pit Their pall bearers were SS (Elite Guard) men and women, now allied prisoners. Their - litany was the hoarse shouts of British- soldiers, sick with disgust and fury, ordering these marked members of Hitler's chosen legions about their horrible task." - I saw Belsen its piles of life less dead" and its aimless swarms of living dead.' Their great eyes were just animal lights in skin covered skulls of famine. Some were . dying of typhus, Truman Receives First Poppy -r r-i... , 1 t ' V ha , - - if..- ,. X." ' I -1 " ' ' " ( r -. t y ' Five-year-old Margaret Ann Forde, danhter of a disabled ex-serried man (left), pins the first Baddy poppy f the 1945 Baddy pepptf ' sale on the lapel of President Harry - S. Truman at the White House In Washington. Margaret Ann is from Eaton Rapids, Mich; (AP wlrepboto) " Comially Says Plan May Be Liberalized j 1 o r rovide More r lexibility (By the Associated Press) 1 WASHINGTON. April 20 the 'senate today that the Dumbarton Oaks plan for world organi zation probably will be liberalized at San Francisco toprovid for more flexibility in future years. f Connally, chairman of the delegate to San Francisco, was VIS. Develops Higli-Pqwered Racket Bomb i I A LONDON, Aprft 20-(P)-Secret by American air force en gineers has developed a new type of high-powered rocket bomb conceived by the i British navy for use against German submarine and E-boat pens, it was disclosed to day.! a :K The new weapon hurled from bombers at a speed faster than sound and able to penetrate thick layers of concrete was adapted for aerial warfare by a special sec tion) of engineers all combat vet erans, of the U.S. Eighth air force. On February 10 and on March 14, these rocket-propelled bombs werf used by B-17 Flying Fort resses of the Eighth airforce in attacks on the German E-boat pens at Ijmuiden, Holland. Concrete walls 20 feet thick were reported penetrated. , some of typhoid,V some of tuber culosis, but most were just dying of starvation. Starvation the flesh on their bodies had fed on itself until there was no flesh left, just skin covering bones and the end of all hope, and nothing left to feed on. '. Tragicallyi there is . still hope inside these still-breathing cada vers. As long as eyes can stare from the bodies scattered every where on the floors and on the ground, there is hope. Hope in these for whom there is no hope. They are living but they cannot live. No food, no care can save them. Ahead of them is nothing nothing but that pit with the bull dozer waiting to cover them with earth. Nothing welL there is -one thing, the. knowledge that after months of bestiality there is sud denly, unbelievably, friendliness and good will emong men. At least they will die aware f that. -v t 5 '6 Dumbarton j Senator Connally (D-Tex) tol4 foreign relations committee and given a rousing ovation alter a leave-taking speech m which h declared that the American dele gation is in harmony f and th United States "has a lofty duty tO perform in leading the peoples of J the earth away from the concepts of ;rule by the sword. j Senator Vandenberg (R-Mich.), also taking leave as another mem ber of the American delegation, said he was going "with a sense of deepest dedication to a supreme cause." He asked the senators not to ex pect a chart for the millennium to come out of San Francisco, but as serted: ' j I have faith that we may per feet this charter of peace and Justice so, that reasonable men of good will shall: find in it so much good, so much emancipation for human hopes, that all lesser doubts and disagreements may be resolv ed in its favor." -' Vandenberr endorsed what he called the "sturdy statement" by his Texas colleague, in which Con naily said the American' delegates hold no "slavish devotion" to the precise Dumbarton Oaks formula although they are committed to its priciples. It's Delivered the Day It's Published! i Th Oregon Statesman is tfce only morning newspaper distributed in the . mid-Willamette' valley that , la pub lished the same day it's de-' Jivered. It has later world, national and local news by several hours than any other - morning ' newspaper reaching this area ' Have you noticed, for in stance, that Tour Home Newt paper is a full day ahead of any other medium carrying ihe results and box scores, of the Portland Bea vers' night baseball gecnes? "The , World at Your Door Each Morning" a i 8 L r j - . r , , I 100 Jap estroyed Yanks Bag 2569 Enemy Aircraft, " Gain on Island GUAM, Saturday, April 2Hh Fleet headquarters announced to day the loss of 15 naval craft be tween March 18 and April 18 in the battle of Okinawa and asso ciated operations, and said: during the same period 100 enemy , ships, besides many small craft, were sunk and 2569 enemy aircraft de stroyed. Against furious enemy opposir tion, Yank amphibious forces; con tinuing their all-out push against strong Japanese lines on southern Okinawa, ground out gains of-1,-000 to 1400 yards yesterday. The Assault was started Thursday, breaking ' a 13-day deadlock on that front. , if ' ; The fleet communique said the 15. ships constituted all those of the American navy to be sunk , in the Okinawa and related Opera tions within the 32-day period. It made no mention of damaged ships but previously announced that ''several" units of 'the fleet had been hit. ' Strong Japanese resistance con tinued on le island, west of Okin awa; 'but The Yanks there contin ued to gain. At the end of April 18- they couhtd" 736 enemy dead. Today's communique said they had started to destroy enemy forces holding Iegusug peak, a trouble' some eminence on the islet.! The American ship losses in eluded five destroyers, , the Hal lisan, Bush, Colhoun the M. Li. Abele find the Pringle; two mine craft, one destroyer-transport, one gunboat, four landing craft and two ammunition ships, the Hobbs Victory and the Logan Victory. No Quibbling Over fand--or' Beat HB 450 No quibbling about "andor" prevented HB 450 from becoming law, says Sen. William E. Walsh of Coos Bay in reply to published reports that such quibbling so de layed senate action on the bill that the session closed before it could be passed, resulting in a "loss" to the state of some S200,000. The bill; was intended to capture for the; state school fund unclaimed deposits in banks." Senator Walsh writes thit the bill was not referred r to the re vision of laws committee until the afternoon of March 16, was con sidered the morning of the 17 th by the committee, .which made .one amendment (there was no end or in the bill), got the bill on the af ternoon calendar-where it was ap proved, but the house and adjourn ed before it reached that body for approval of the amendment - - The " amendment ? deleted ' the clause which included "other bus iness enterprise holding money or securities for others," and was re moved to meet objections of hosur ance companies.' ; .Walsh says that no $200,000 is lost because the funds remain dor mant and the next legislature can act. -- - - Lend-Lease ; ; Deal Signed WASHINGTON, April 2M) The United States. Britain and Canada have signed the fourth lend-lease agreement with Russia In Ottawa, the state department announced tonight . . ' The agreement, ' which was siened Aoril 17. covers a triwi .from July 1, 1944, to June 30, 1843, navuig only a utUe over two more months to run. 31 Weather Max. Kin. Hain Can Fraaeicce Eagea .,., ,.,, , Salem VJ 41 M ,Z ... 41, . PortUn 75 , 44 .44 S?U1 It 45 . trae Willamette .river 3 ft, 9 in. roFCAT: (Bt V. ft. wer rcan. MrN'ary fieM) OcratioBtl Ufht Vessel B-29s Hit! 4 t . , -t s . Kyushu Airfields Large Torce of , Siiperforts Blast Jap Air Bases ; : ' GUAM, Saturday, April 21-- A very large force of Superfort resses,- estimated . at between -20Q and- 300, visually, bombed nine Kyushu air fields this morning in their third bombing strike in five days v to neutralize bases from which the Japanese have been at tacking American forces at Oki nawa. - 5 ; The Superforts unloaded dermv lition bombs from medium alti tude in a strike lasting; an hour and a halfr i I The last B-29 strikes directly supporting the Okinawa opera tions in an effort to check Nip ponese air attacks, were! made on April 17 and 18. Apparently they have! achieved neutralization, because j ro strong Japanese raids have been made on Okinawa since April let r - Dividing into nine separate task forces today, the ;Superforts pounded fields ranging; the length and breadth of Kyushu, from Ka noya in the south only 325 miles north of Okinawa to sa in the north.-,- ..: i The 21st bomber command re ported opposition apparently was negligible.! Target airfields were Nittagaha ra, Kushira, Kanoya, and Kanoya East, Izumi, Kokobu, ' Tachiaral, Usa and Oita. : Germans Lose Last Big Ship ; LONDON, "April 20-P)-The German navy, reeling under al lied knockout blows, has lost its last pocket battleship, the Luet zow, the air ministry announced tonight, and authoritative reports were received of other j crippling naval losses. j j . These reports said the Russians were believed" to have seized the 26,000-ton battleship Gneisenaw and the 10,000-ton heavy cruiser Seydlitz at ; unidentified Baltic ports, while Stockholm dispatches said that what was left of the German navy , fled to refuge at Copenhagen. j The air ministry said the Luet zow is: out of action, lying on the bottom in shallow water at Swi nemuende on the Baltic coast her under-water plating buckled by an RAF bomb. tl Philippines Anxious To Aid Peace Plans HONOLULU, April 20 UP) Maximo Kalaw, secretary of In struction and information in the Philippine cabinet said today the islands' government' is anxious to collaborate in all great undertak ings that stand for world peace and security. Nazi Nerve Center Falls By Jean Mcegan .AP Kews Writer . The nerve center, of ; the Nazi party was not really Berlin or Mu nich or even Hitler's Berchtesgad en, but Nuernberg, a Jekyll and Hyde city,, in southern Germany, supposedly majoring in the manu facture of toys and Christmas tree ornaments. - - ; More dangerous products of theJ fir-treed town were Diesel engines, locomotives, motor trucks, radio equipment, , transformers, . steel, tin, chemicals, pharmaceuticals-rand above all, fanatic enthusiasm for- the Third Reich. ; . Center ef Fewer, . l ' The city's name is permanently attached to the Nazi congresses which met there to generate the high powered, neurotic national ism which was then beamed to all Germany. !j- - Annually 140,000 men in brown woolen arrived at the congress to represent the 2,000,000 party mem bers; 43,000 Hitler youths, rallied; the chancellor, - his j ministers, guards, massed bands, - official guests, spectators; and Hitler sur rounded by blue tinged light and standard bearers met in formation in the interests of frenzied na tional fervor. " i ! Der Fnenrer's Wanda! Ironically, it was from his plat form at the congress in, 1937 that Hitler flung the warning: "Ger many never , will . be j conquered now - either; from without or within. ' J Probably - Germany's most - dis graceful law was authorized in this citythe Nuernberg laws, on 'Russians Drive -Within -7 -Miles : of Berlin, 18 From Dresden; Nazis Achnit Situation Desperate By ROMNEY .. LONDON, Saturday, April 21 (AP) Red army tank, racing westward for a link-up with American armies hav burst 38 miles across Berlin's dwindling southern escap corridor, Moscow revealed last night as the bomb-torn and flaming: German capital disclosed that Russian armor was only seven miles from its city limits. U i, The Ruaeians were at the rery gates'? of Berlin and had breached its inner defense ring in a j&rd-byyard 'hell of fire, .steel and blood," the enemy said as peace riots re portedly broke out and the rumble of approaching Russian guns added to the terror caused i by round-the-clock Allied bombing which went on through the night. ..Moscow; revealed that a swift, Soviet .breakthrough south of the capital . had reached within . 18 miles of Dresden, through which passes the' only remaining railroad out ' of Berlin to the Nazis' ' "na tional redoubt" The Russians, sweeping i German resistance be fore them like an avalanche, were 54 miles from the Americans by Berlin's account With the (rail line torn up by repeated American bombing and with Russian stormoviks savagely machine gunning enemy transport within and below Berlin, the Ger mans admitted that the great red army offensive was deciding the war. A ' Berlin broadcast said "the front is very near and the rumble of guns can be heard in the center of the city,! but out of 4,000,000 people, 3,000,000 still are here." t Strong Points Fall Moscow's communi ques an nounced that Russian forces, ad vancing on Berlin and Dresden on a 100-mile, front, had seized eight major strongholds while wave af ter wave of Russian armor lapped at a dozen other fortified towns and villageshwithin Berlin's shat tered defense ring east of the city. South and southeast of the blaz ing central front Russian troops in Austria hammered within five miles, .fr-tfre1 key Austrian rail junction of Laa, and in northern Czechoslovakia drover ,to ' points two and' seven miles b Opava (Troppau) and Moravska-Ostrava. In the fiery battle before Ber lin's eastern; approaches -possibly the greatest armored struggle in history the; Germans said masses of Russian tanks, infantry and big guns still were pouring into the fray against nazi soldiers who had not slept I for 150 hours. The en emy claimed that 1300 red army tanks had been knocked out and said the Russians were 29 miles beyond the jOder at Kuestrin af ter five days of fighting. Forts Blast f Path "The decision of the war is be ing fought in an inferno of flames, searchlights and the most hellish noise ever heard," said a state ment issued in the Wilhelmstrasse. Ahead of; the. attacking Russians 600 U. S. Flying Fortresses pound ed key junctions in the Berlin area. 4 , j j : - Moscow announced that Mar shal Gregory K. Zhukov's First White army i had captured strong holds of i Bad Freienwalde and Wriezen, 23 and 24 miles north east of Berlin, and had driven ten miles beyond the Oder, capturing the road junction 'cf Seelow, 26 miles east, of the city. - Fre-Blita Drama Adolf Hitler and Ernst Seeluas, wbeiwas later bleed purge victim, backed by massed thousands, fay their tribete & la 1933 to the uxkne-ra leldier" at Naenberr. race and . citizenship, which were passed 10 years ago and forbade "marriages i between Jews and subjects of German - or kindred blood." : A HiUer Favorite. Hitler, 'was sentimental about Nuernberg, ! the second town of Bavaria in size and the first In commercial importance. Like a let of old-world cities, this one had an old3 and a new section in this case-separated by the Pegaita river. , . A half million people use to live WHEELER Blue Arrows Mark Russian Offensive On Big War Map I v .. - .- 1 I . PARIS, April 20-()-Blue ar rows marking the Russian offen sive showed up today if or the first time, on' the great operational wall map at supreme headquarters. . J The blue arrows,- showing th Red army, offensive moving inter the extreme eastern strip of th map beyond Berlin were used b cause since D-day the Allies have marked their own. positions in red. The positions of the Russian were obtained from Moscow's com munique, i j U.S. 5th Army Breaks Out on Valley of Po ROME, April 2d-V-AmericsnL Fifth army troops! broke out into the Po valley northwest of Bologna late today after a spectacular seven-mile advance indS fought into the outskirts of Cisaliecchio, thre e miles southwest of the big indus trial city tJid communications cent T '"-.v. I A spearhead of ;one of the two divisions which burst out of the Apennine mountains on the fifth day of the all-out Alued offensh a in Italy cui the (main Bologna- Modean highway - No. 9 at point about nice mines northwest of Bologna. j i This was one of the main es cape routes for German forces which have put up a tenacious tie- fense before Bologna if or the past six month. ; ' j'' 4i ' With American tanks and tank destroyers streaming put onto the rolling Po plain tonight there wse a surge of optimism among Allied commanders that the 'German ar mies in northern Italy might soon, be destroyed or driven beyond the Alps. ' 'i Princess to Celebrate Nineteenth Birthday LONDON, April 20 -)- Prin cess Elizabeth, heir presumptive to the British throne, will cele brate her 19th birthday tomorrow in the country with; her father, mother end sister; Messages tf congratulation poured into Buck ingham - palace today from the British empire and I the United States. If r'i V ' .1 - 5 -i' vi- . ( 1 there. It was a! city of frame houses with wooden galleries- and red sandstone ' churches built in the 13th,- 14th, tnd 15th centuries. The publicity about it before the war featured the museum, which hid a famous collection depicting the history of German art and civilization. ' ! ' Its greatest gkry was that it was "Germany's fount of art and was heavily .hung with the works of Adan KrafXt, Veit Stoss, and Peter Vischtr, IVer was also rn attraction tcx ten -
