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NINETY-FIFTH YEAR
12 PAGES
Salem, Oregon Saturday Morning, April 21. 1945
Pile 5c
No. 22
- i ..-t... . . , POU NOBD loot - - -' v - . I , . . -r- - i -'r
i Civic-minded citizens who have
to do the chores when it comes to
'solicitation for worthy causes have
been under some . embarrassment
in -recent weeks because of the
.campaign lor funds of the Amer
ican Cancer society; The effort
has been made to concentrate
money-raising campaigns for wel
fare mirnoses into two major
drives, one for the Red Cross in
-the 'Spring of the year, the otner
for the war agencies and local
community chest agencies in the
-fall of the year; When new ap
peals of a general nature come
along it is hard td find workers
;to do the task, and the public is
to be resentful of -. another
lamDaien.
It does seem as though : there
might well be some consolidation
in the health field. First is the
nle of Christmas seals for support
tf the tuberculosis organization
whlcn.nas naa a ions ,
ful career. Stimulated by
the original Roosevelt birthday
"balls money has been raised the
'naKt 13 vears for work in the field
,f infantile paralysis; but that has
extended from the mere holding
tf birthday balls to a general ao
rtal or funds. Now the Amen
tan Cancer society has expanded
; its appeal to $5,000,000 for the
purposes of education and re
search, and is holding a general
.Jrive in Aoril. In this state a
number of the counties which had
urnlus funds In their war chest
.treasuries drew on those funds to
meet county quotas in order to
kpare workers and the public a
fresh drive for funds.
r This is only a temporary expedi
ent. The question that will come
nn in how future campaigns should
I handled. And what overall
theck should there bp,
(Continued on Editjorial page)
Yanks Conquer
Central Sector
fit Pliil iivmriAC
' MANILA, Saturday, April 21-Jpy-Gen.
Douglas MacArthur to
day announced conquest oi we
'central Philippines has been com
i leted: with extermination of all
tut a few remnants of the Jap
anese garrison on Cebu.
He said the Cebu victory, in
which 500 enemy bodies .--were
counted on the field Thursday,
;ave his forces control of ,33,000
square miles of the central and
southern Philippines, liberated 6,
400,000 civilians and reduced Jap
anese strongpoints in the entire
Philippine? to two Davao on
Mindanao and Baguio, the sum
jner capital on Luzon. Doughboys
ere approaching both these, which
have been - weakened by aerial
t-ombardment.
i -MacArthur also announced that
three Fliipino collaborationist lead
ers had escaped to Formosa in a
Japanese plane. He named them
s Jose P. Laurel, "head of this
disloyal grou,' and Beniguo A
juino and Osias (given name un
available) "two of its most active
'members." H
iTugman Sees
Intolerance
As Threat
i "At no time In our history has
1 there been such great danger that
m .war-weary people will forget
j everything for jwhicii they nave
tood toeether j and fought not
Unry in tba war but in every war
Hf bjtory. This was the
mtmnAtsd br William UL
Tugman, Bugen newspaperman
who has been a leader in devei-
th now - famous ''Lane
eounty plan," as he spoke here
Friday night at the annual ban
quet of the Salem Federation of
Tatriotic Societies.
' The - federation . elected Hex
'TCimmd li cresident to succeed
Luther D. Cook; named Paul Hen
dricks vice-president, Mrs. Arwin
1 Ktravw secretarr. and Mrs. Frank
Marshall treasurer at the meeting
which followed the banquet In the
ifsrion hotel mirror" room. .
! "In our American faith," Tug
'man declared, "we have a cross
to bar this cross of tolerance."
r Whatever plans are made, he
.urged, should retain "the essen
.tials of functioning democracy,
Admittedly, i there are a great
many functions of business . nd
f rovernment which can be per-
; formed more efficiently for this
ge if the administration is na
stinnal in scooe. But the underly-
f ing question, even in these things,
j U whether power and authority
1 crows from the bottom up or whe-
ther it is to be imposed from the
Mi D S MSKS . TOD". Ha
Junction
Due Soon
" Nuernberg Falls;
British Gosing
In on Hamburg : ;
By Austin Bealmear
PARIS, Saturday, April 2l-Jfy-Three
Allied armies, raced as much
as 23 miles south yesterday to
ward Hitler's redoubt in Bavaria,
captured" Nuernberg and reaehed
within 30 miles of Lake Constance,
western bulwark of the probable
last-stand Nazi position deep in
the Alps.
With the British battering a mile
from the suburbs of Hamburg,
Germany's second greatest city,
and with peace riots reported rag
ing in Berlin and Munich, Hitler
passed silently through his 56th
and blackestbirthday, 'But worse
was in store, "'.'
Supreme headquarters declared
flaflv that th unirtn rt WMtorn
Allies and the Red armies would
come in the next few days. Gen-.
eral Eisenhower declared in an
nrrier of the dav that German ar- I
mies of the west were "tottering
on the threshold of defeat."
Ready to Strike
i Three great American armies,!
the V.S. Ninth, First and "Third,
were coiled and ready to strike
along the Elbe where by Ger
man account, the- Americans -and
Russians were but 54 miles apart.
The Germans predicted that
soon the Ninth army would un
cork a power punch at Berlin from
its bridgehead on the Elbe 52 miles
away, concerting its blows with
those of the Russians now at the
eastern gates of the German cap
ital. Allied bombers loosed destruc
tion on German defenses north
west, west, and southwest of Ber
lin along the route the, Allies from
the west would have to take to
reach the capital. ; ' They struck
both by day and by night.
Releases Divisions
The fall of the Nazi party city
of Nuernberg released elements of
two armored and three infantry
divisions for th southward push
that was driving a steel wedge be
tween the Germans' Alpine retreat
and Czechoslovakia's arsenals. The
Seventh army was less than 70
miles from Munich and the French
were but 65 miles from thf Aus
trian frontier. j
Germany not only was losing
control of her great' ports Brem
en was cut off from three sides
with only roads to the North sea
open but she was losing her grip
cn those of France which she long
had blockaded.
The French; announced that the
big Atlantic port of Bordeaux
now was open with all effective
resistance wiped from both sides
of the Gironde river approaches
to the city.
VALUATIONS INCREASED
ALBANY, April 20 -(.-Assessed
property valuation in Linn
county will be increased . 10 per
cent for the 1945 tax rolls, County
Assessor W. C. Templeton said
today. .
WithReds
Dead Get Ghastly Burial at
Fearsome Concentration Camp
By Wllldam Fry
BELSEN, Germany, April 20-LT-The
dead were getting a bur
ial today at this fearsome "con
centration camp each nameless
dead getting a ghastly burial.
No coffins or flowers at this
funeral. No tears or . well-bred
sympathy. No music. .
These naked corpses were haul
ed in trucks and dumped into a
pit Their pall bearers were SS
(Elite Guard) men and women,
now allied prisoners.
Their - litany was the hoarse
shouts of British- soldiers, sick
with disgust and fury, ordering
these marked members of Hitler's
chosen legions about their horrible
task."
- I saw Belsen its piles of life
less dead" and its aimless swarms
of living dead.' Their great eyes
were just animal lights in skin
covered skulls of famine.
Some were . dying of typhus,
Truman Receives First Poppy
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Five-year-old Margaret Ann Forde, danhter of a disabled ex-serried
man (left), pins the first Baddy poppy f the 1945 Baddy pepptf
' sale on the lapel of President Harry - S. Truman at the White
House In Washington. Margaret Ann is from Eaton Rapids, Mich;
(AP wlrepboto) "
Comially
Says
Plan May Be Liberalized j
1 o r rovide More r lexibility
(By the Associated Press) 1
WASHINGTON. April 20
the 'senate today that the Dumbarton Oaks plan for world organi
zation probably will be liberalized at San Francisco toprovid
for more flexibility in future years. f
Connally, chairman of the
delegate to San Francisco, was
VIS. Develops
Higli-Pqwered
Racket Bomb
i I A
LONDON, Aprft 20-(P)-Secret
by American air force en
gineers has developed a new type
of high-powered rocket bomb
conceived by the i British navy for
use against German submarine and
E-boat pens, it was disclosed to
day.! a :K
The new weapon hurled from
bombers at a speed faster than
sound and able to penetrate thick
layers of concrete was adapted
for aerial warfare by a special sec
tion) of engineers all combat vet
erans, of the U.S. Eighth air force.
On February 10 and on March
14, these rocket-propelled bombs
werf used by B-17 Flying Fort
resses of the Eighth airforce in
attacks on the German E-boat pens
at Ijmuiden, Holland. Concrete
walls 20 feet thick were reported
penetrated. ,
some of typhoid,V some of tuber
culosis, but most were just dying
of starvation. Starvation the
flesh on their bodies had fed on
itself until there was no flesh left,
just skin covering bones and the
end of all hope, and nothing left
to feed on. '.
Tragicallyi there is . still hope
inside these still-breathing cada
vers. As long as eyes can stare
from the bodies scattered every
where on the floors and on the
ground, there is hope. Hope in
these for whom there is no hope.
They are living but they cannot
live. No food, no care can save
them. Ahead of them is nothing
nothing but that pit with the bull
dozer waiting to cover them with
earth.
Nothing welL there is -one
thing, the. knowledge that after
months of bestiality there is sud
denly, unbelievably, friendliness
and good will emong men. At
least they will die aware f that.
-v
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'6
Dumbarton j
Senator Connally (D-Tex) tol4
foreign relations committee and
given a rousing ovation alter a
leave-taking speech m which h
declared that the American dele
gation is in harmony f and th
United States "has a lofty duty tO
perform in leading the peoples of
J the earth away from the concepts
of ;rule by the sword. j
Senator Vandenberg (R-Mich.),
also taking leave as another mem
ber of the American delegation,
said he was going "with a sense of
deepest dedication to a supreme
cause."
He asked the senators not to ex
pect a chart for the millennium to
come out of San Francisco, but as
serted: ' j
I have faith that we may per
feet this charter of peace and
Justice so, that reasonable men of
good will shall: find in it so much
good, so much emancipation for
human hopes, that all lesser doubts
and disagreements may be resolv
ed in its favor." -'
Vandenberr endorsed what he
called the "sturdy statement" by
his Texas colleague, in which Con
naily said the American' delegates
hold no "slavish devotion" to the
precise Dumbarton Oaks formula
although they are committed to
its priciples.
It's Delivered the
Day It's Published!
i Th Oregon Statesman is
tfce only morning newspaper
distributed in the . mid-Willamette'
valley that , la pub
lished the same day it's de-'
Jivered. It has later world,
national and local news by
several hours than any
other - morning ' newspaper
reaching this area '
Have you noticed, for in
stance, that Tour Home
Newt paper is a full day
ahead of any other medium
carrying ihe results and box
scores, of the Portland Bea
vers' night baseball gecnes?
"The , World at Your
Door Each Morning"
a
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100 Jap
estroyed
Yanks Bag 2569
Enemy Aircraft, "
Gain on Island
GUAM, Saturday, April 2Hh
Fleet headquarters announced to
day the loss of 15 naval craft be
tween March 18 and April 18 in
the battle of Okinawa and asso
ciated operations, and said: during
the same period 100 enemy , ships,
besides many small craft, were
sunk and 2569 enemy aircraft de
stroyed. Against furious enemy opposir
tion, Yank amphibious forces; con
tinuing their all-out push against
strong Japanese lines on southern
Okinawa, ground out gains of-1,-000
to 1400 yards yesterday. The
Assault was started Thursday,
breaking ' a 13-day deadlock on
that front. , if ' ;
The fleet communique said the
15. ships constituted all those of
the American navy to be sunk , in
the Okinawa and related Opera
tions within the 32-day period. It
made no mention of damaged ships
but previously announced that
''several" units of 'the fleet had
been hit. '
Strong Japanese resistance con
tinued on le island, west of Okin
awa; 'but The Yanks there contin
ued to gain. At the end of April
18- they couhtd" 736 enemy dead.
Today's communique said they had
started to destroy enemy forces
holding Iegusug peak, a trouble'
some eminence on the islet.!
The American ship losses in
eluded five destroyers, , the Hal
lisan, Bush, Colhoun the M. Li.
Abele find the Pringle; two mine
craft, one destroyer-transport, one
gunboat, four landing craft and
two ammunition ships, the Hobbs
Victory and the Logan Victory.
No Quibbling
Over fand--or'
Beat HB 450
No quibbling about "andor"
prevented HB 450 from becoming
law, says Sen. William E. Walsh
of Coos Bay in reply to published
reports that such quibbling so de
layed senate action on the bill that
the session closed before it could
be passed, resulting in a "loss" to
the state of some S200,000. The
bill; was intended to capture for
the; state school fund unclaimed
deposits in banks."
Senator Walsh writes thit the
bill was not referred r to the re
vision of laws committee until the
afternoon of March 16, was con
sidered the morning of the 17 th by
the committee, .which made .one
amendment (there was no end or
in the bill), got the bill on the af
ternoon calendar-where it was ap
proved, but the house and adjourn
ed before it reached that body for
approval of the amendment -
- The " amendment ? deleted ' the
clause which included "other bus
iness enterprise holding money or
securities for others," and was re
moved to meet objections of hosur
ance companies.' ;
.Walsh says that no $200,000 is
lost because the funds remain dor
mant and the next legislature can
act. -- - -
Lend-Lease ; ;
Deal Signed
WASHINGTON, April 2M)
The United States. Britain and
Canada have signed the fourth
lend-lease agreement with Russia
In Ottawa, the state department
announced tonight . .
' The agreement, ' which was
siened Aoril 17. covers a triwi
.from July 1, 1944, to June 30,
1843, navuig only a utUe over two
more months to run. 31
Weather
Max. Kin. Hain
Can Fraaeicce
Eagea .,., ,.,, ,
Salem
VJ 41 M
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PortUn
75 , 44 .44
S?U1
It 45 . trae
Willamette .river 3 ft, 9 in.
roFCAT: (Bt V. ft. wer
rcan. MrN'ary fieM) OcratioBtl Ufht
Vessel
B-29s Hit!
4 t . , -t s .
Kyushu
Airfields
Large Torce of ,
Siiperforts Blast
Jap Air Bases ; :
'
GUAM, Saturday, April 21--
A very large force of Superfort
resses,- estimated . at between -20Q
and- 300, visually, bombed nine
Kyushu air fields this morning in
their third bombing strike in five
days v to neutralize bases from
which the Japanese have been at
tacking American forces at Oki
nawa. - 5
; The Superforts unloaded dermv
lition bombs from medium alti
tude in a strike lasting; an hour
and a halfr i I
The last B-29 strikes directly
supporting the Okinawa opera
tions in an effort to check Nip
ponese air attacks, were! made on
April 17 and 18.
Apparently they have! achieved
neutralization, because j ro strong
Japanese raids have been made on
Okinawa since April let r -
Dividing into nine separate task
forces today, the ;Superforts
pounded fields ranging; the length
and breadth of Kyushu, from Ka
noya in the south only 325 miles
north of Okinawa to sa in the
north.-,- ..: i
The 21st bomber command re
ported opposition apparently was
negligible.!
Target airfields were Nittagaha
ra, Kushira, Kanoya, and Kanoya
East, Izumi, Kokobu, ' Tachiaral,
Usa and Oita. :
Germans Lose
Last Big Ship
; LONDON, "April 20-P)-The
German navy, reeling under al
lied knockout blows, has lost its
last pocket battleship, the Luet
zow, the air ministry announced
tonight, and authoritative reports
were received of other j crippling
naval losses. j j
. These reports said the Russians
were believed" to have seized the
26,000-ton battleship Gneisenaw
and the 10,000-ton heavy cruiser
Seydlitz at ; unidentified Baltic
ports, while Stockholm dispatches
said that what was left of the
German navy , fled to refuge at
Copenhagen. j
The air ministry said the Luet
zow is: out of action, lying on the
bottom in shallow water at Swi
nemuende on the Baltic coast her
under-water plating buckled by
an RAF bomb. tl
Philippines Anxious
To Aid Peace Plans
HONOLULU, April 20 UP)
Maximo Kalaw, secretary of In
struction and information in the
Philippine cabinet said today the
islands' government' is anxious to
collaborate in all great undertak
ings that stand for world peace
and security.
Nazi Nerve Center Falls
By Jean Mcegan
.AP Kews Writer .
The nerve center, of ; the Nazi
party was not really Berlin or Mu
nich or even Hitler's Berchtesgad
en, but Nuernberg, a Jekyll and
Hyde city,, in southern Germany,
supposedly majoring in the manu
facture of toys and Christmas tree
ornaments. - - ;
More dangerous products of theJ
fir-treed town were Diesel engines,
locomotives, motor trucks, radio
equipment, , transformers, . steel,
tin, chemicals, pharmaceuticals-rand
above all, fanatic enthusiasm
for- the Third Reich. ; .
Center ef Fewer, . l '
The city's name is permanently
attached to the Nazi congresses
which met there to generate the
high powered, neurotic national
ism which was then beamed to all
Germany. !j- -
Annually 140,000 men in brown
woolen arrived at the congress to
represent the 2,000,000 party mem
bers; 43,000 Hitler youths, rallied;
the chancellor, - his j ministers,
guards, massed bands, - official
guests, spectators; and Hitler sur
rounded by blue tinged light and
standard bearers met in formation
in the interests of frenzied na
tional fervor. " i !
Der Fnenrer's Wanda!
Ironically, it was from his plat
form at the congress in, 1937 that
Hitler flung the warning: "Ger
many never , will . be j conquered
now - either; from without or
within. ' J
Probably - Germany's most - dis
graceful law was authorized in
this citythe Nuernberg laws, on
'Russians Drive -Within -7 -Miles
: of Berlin, 18 From Dresden;
Nazis Achnit Situation Desperate
By ROMNEY
.. LONDON, Saturday, April 21 (AP) Red army tank,
racing westward for a link-up with American armies hav
burst 38 miles across Berlin's dwindling southern escap
corridor, Moscow revealed last night as the bomb-torn and
flaming: German capital disclosed that Russian armor was
only seven miles from its city limits. U i,
The Ruaeians were at the rery gates'? of Berlin and
had breached its inner defense ring in a j&rd-byyard 'hell
of fire, .steel and blood," the enemy said as peace riots re
portedly broke out and the rumble of approaching Russian
guns added to the terror caused i
by round-the-clock Allied bombing
which went on through the night.
..Moscow; revealed that a swift,
Soviet .breakthrough south of the
capital . had reached within . 18
miles of Dresden, through which
passes the' only remaining railroad
out ' of Berlin to the Nazis' ' "na
tional redoubt" The Russians,
sweeping i German resistance be
fore them like an avalanche, were
54 miles from the Americans by
Berlin's account
With the (rail line torn up by
repeated American bombing and
with Russian stormoviks savagely
machine gunning enemy transport
within and below Berlin, the Ger
mans admitted that the great red
army offensive was deciding the
war. A ' Berlin broadcast said "the
front is very near and the rumble
of guns can be heard in the center
of the city,! but out of 4,000,000
people, 3,000,000 still are here."
t Strong Points Fall
Moscow's communi ques an
nounced that Russian forces, ad
vancing on Berlin and Dresden on
a 100-mile, front, had seized eight
major strongholds while wave af
ter wave of Russian armor lapped
at a dozen other fortified towns
and villageshwithin Berlin's shat
tered defense ring east of the city.
South and southeast of the blaz
ing central front Russian troops
in Austria hammered within five
miles, .fr-tfre1 key Austrian rail
junction of Laa, and in northern
Czechoslovakia drover ,to ' points
two and' seven miles b Opava
(Troppau) and Moravska-Ostrava.
In the fiery battle before Ber
lin's eastern; approaches -possibly
the greatest armored struggle in
history the; Germans said masses
of Russian tanks, infantry and big
guns still were pouring into the
fray against nazi soldiers who had
not slept I for 150 hours. The en
emy claimed that 1300 red army
tanks had been knocked out and
said the Russians were 29 miles
beyond the jOder at Kuestrin af
ter five days of fighting.
Forts Blast f Path
"The decision of the war is be
ing fought in an inferno of flames,
searchlights and the most hellish
noise ever heard," said a state
ment issued in the Wilhelmstrasse.
Ahead of; the. attacking Russians
600 U. S. Flying Fortresses pound
ed key junctions in the Berlin
area. 4 , j j : -
Moscow announced that Mar
shal Gregory K. Zhukov's First
White army i had captured strong
holds of i Bad Freienwalde and
Wriezen, 23 and 24 miles north
east of Berlin, and had driven ten
miles beyond the Oder, capturing
the road junction 'cf Seelow, 26
miles east, of the city. -
Fre-Blita Drama Adolf Hitler and Ernst Seeluas, wbeiwas later
bleed purge victim, backed by massed thousands, fay their tribete
& la 1933 to the uxkne-ra leldier" at Naenberr.
race and . citizenship, which were
passed 10 years ago and forbade
"marriages i between Jews and
subjects of German - or kindred
blood." :
A HiUer Favorite.
Hitler, 'was sentimental about
Nuernberg, ! the second town of
Bavaria in size and the first In
commercial importance.
Like a let of old-world cities,
this one had an old3 and a new
section in this case-separated by
the Pegaita river. ,
. A half million people use to live
WHEELER
Blue Arrows Mark
Russian Offensive
On Big War Map I
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. PARIS, April 20-()-Blue ar
rows marking the Russian offen
sive showed up today if or the first
time, on' the great operational wall
map at supreme headquarters. . J
The blue arrows,- showing th
Red army, offensive moving inter
the extreme eastern strip of th
map beyond Berlin were used b
cause since D-day the Allies have
marked their own. positions in red.
The positions of the Russian
were obtained from Moscow's com
munique, i j
U.S. 5th Army
Breaks Out on
Valley of Po
ROME, April 2d-V-AmericsnL
Fifth army troops! broke out into
the Po valley northwest of Bologna
late today after a spectacular seven-mile
advance indS fought into
the outskirts of Cisaliecchio, thre e
miles southwest of the big indus
trial city tJid communications cent
T '"-.v. I
A spearhead of ;one of the two
divisions which burst out of the
Apennine mountains on the fifth
day of the all-out Alued offensh a
in Italy cui the (main Bologna-
Modean highway - No. 9 at
point about nice mines northwest
of Bologna. j i
This was one of the main es
cape routes for German forces
which have put up a tenacious tie-
fense before Bologna if or the past
six month. ; ' j'' 4i '
With American tanks and tank
destroyers streaming put onto the
rolling Po plain tonight there wse
a surge of optimism among Allied
commanders that the 'German ar
mies in northern Italy might soon,
be destroyed or driven beyond the
Alps. ' 'i
Princess to Celebrate
Nineteenth Birthday
LONDON, April 20 -)- Prin
cess Elizabeth, heir presumptive
to the British throne, will cele
brate her 19th birthday tomorrow
in the country with; her father,
mother end sister; Messages tf
congratulation poured into Buck
ingham - palace today from the
British empire and I the United
States. If
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there. It was a! city of frame
houses with wooden galleries- and
red sandstone ' churches built in
the 13th,- 14th, tnd 15th centuries.
The publicity about it before the
war featured the museum, which
hid a famous collection depicting
the history of German art and
civilization. ' ! '
Its greatest gkry was that it
was "Germany's fount of art and
was heavily .hung with the works
of Adan KrafXt, Veit Stoss, and
Peter Vischtr, IVer was also rn
attraction tcx ten -