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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (March 21, 1945)
- ". ' fe ! I ! I J : I :-. - " , " - i ' ' ! ' ' f j ' i ". : I (yMtf V i (M U l-.vfflfeHB teR :n1 rrn' Hn - I - ' : - -1-" I'V i : ' 1.... '. S 7 ' " v I ' "-"i -1 s' j fw 7r - ' h WUUasette rtver l ft ff la. V- - ;! f- ---j nl' - . i - r -j. .. ... , , ,- -r(j - 1 '- N - : NINETY-FOURTH YEAR - ; 10 1 PAGES f 'i - ftloSc. ' i I - .-No. 313'- OTP mo ana Kwan Pei Kwan, attache of the Chinese consulate in Portland, gave the Salem Chamber of Com merce a brief and unscheduled les son in economics at the termina tion of his address Monday. The guest speaker had pointed out the needs of China for machinery and technical skills, much of which would have to be imported, in the period of development expected to "follow the war. A question came from the floor as to how China would pay for these purchase from America, and whether China had any money. Kwan's answer was: - "Chiiia has land and China has labor." . j- ' ' . The essence of the instruction was that production, npt currency, is the basis of our economic sys tem. The amount of gold in the world even if it were in circula tion As hot" i the basis. Money, whether as gold or as currency, is merely the convenient medium for the exchange of real values in ' goods and. services. Fundamental ly people pay for what they get not with money, ut with their - own production for which money ' jis the symbol. . j Of course Kwan might have con tinued his instruction one point further: America must be ready to receive goods and services from China (products of her land and labor) as payment- for the goods and services which America may furn'sh China. That rule applies 'to all trade, both domestic and for eign, though it is more painfully "conspicuous in foreign trade be cause of the objection of domestic producers to foreign competition. The; United States and other countries are not going to free trade after this war, and no one should fool himself to think they are. The -nationalist feelings are too strong. American poultrymen will not, want dried eggs from China, admitted free of duty. "and filbert growers will not want' to compete with Mediterranean nuts without tariff protection. But there are broad areas where inter national trade can be; carried on, - particularly with the orient. China , is a source of wolfram (tungsten) tung oil, tea, silk, rugs,: etc. Ma laya ships rubber and tin. With study for the broad interest of the .American people we ought to be able to frame trade policies which will not give away our domestic marker but still will expand our foreign market, though definitely we must expect payment, not in "money'' but, in the products of labor and land. .---", .. Kwan Pei Kwan taught the les son in few words. Hitler & Gang To Be Treated As Murderers LONDON, March 20.-(JPy-A de mand by the archbishop of York that "The master criminals Hit ler arid Himmler and their gang" should be killed on the spot when captured was followed today in the house Of lords by official dis closure that the war crimes com mission already is screening nazi " prisoners fbr trial, i ! "j Lord Wright, chairman of the United Nations war: crimes com mission, arose with a statement that orders had been given to al lied armies to hold, hot shoot, any criminals they captured. He add ed, however, that the commission definitely 'had decided to treat Hitler and other "major criminals as murderers, assassins, thieves, torturers and the like." f Viscount Simon, ' speaking for the' government as lord chancel lor, reported lists j of criminals were piling up as the armies push ed deeper into Germany. 2 Salem Men Die in Pacific One In action and one in aerial accident, two Salem - men ' met death in the Pacific, within the past . month, their parents were noti lied here this week. . PFC Mervyn Lynn Hurley, son cf Mr. and Mrs. Guy Hurley, 2016 Lee st, was killed . as he served with the Third marines on Iwo Jima on March 1. i i Lt Glenn E. Pavey, son of Lulu Tavey, 1140 North Fifth sU was killed on Saipan in an aircraft ac cident February 23. ' , ; (Further details service page, t.) U. S. Wants Air Base lii Egypt After War VCAIRO, March 20-(ff)-The United; States intends to'ask Egyp tian representatives at the. San Francisco conference lor U. S. air .base in Egypt after the war, It was reported here today. : ; ; The Egyptians j reportedly al ready have been Informed of the request and are said to favor It Partly Cloudy today with scattered showers and increasing cloudiness ton night in the mid-Willamette, valley ; area, predicU U. S. weather bureau, McNary lield, Salem.- : - J Nazi esDsSaihice West Virtuply Saarbruecken,2weibrue To Patch's Me W Take Worms ii By AUSTIN PARIS, Wednesday, Mal-ci enth and Third armies formed yesterday in a great coordinated out the last German resistance west of the Rhine and cap tured the historic cities of iSfairbruecken, Zweibruecken and Worms. I Contact between the twl about 12 miles west of Kaisetlautern by elements of the Sev enth army's Sixth armored 26th infantry division. Saarbruecken, a city of tal and economic center of Ceaseless Air War on Reich Still Continues LONDON, March tl-(JP)-A powerful force of RAF heavy bombers blasted at oil refineries and other targets la western Germany last night while Mos quito made their 29th consecu tive night assault on Berlin, the air ministry announced today. LONDON, Wednesday, March 21 -UP)- RAF Mbsquitos attachep Berlin for the 29th consecutivt night last night after perhapi 5000 allied heavy bombers durin l the day had rained explosives oi German communicat ions, oi plants and submarine yards While lighter warplanes raked German troops. The round-the-clock offensije was a continuation of multiple raids yesterday when approx mately 8000 allied planes swarm ed over Germany and knocked out 5000 nazi Vehicles, and a pre dawn attack on Berlin for trie 28th consecutive night by Mo: quitos. Striking at dwindling sources of nazi oil supply,' 400 U. S. Eighth air force bombers attacked a natural oil refinery It Hemmingstedt on) the Danish peninsula and raided. Hamburg much-battered port and its Blohnt Voss submarine 'yards where tne latest type of U-boats reportedly are being constructed. An oil tf finery in the Hamburg area alio was hit Santiam Near Flood Stage State police and Red Crois workers were "standing by" todefy after receipt of the word that tne Santiam river near Jefferson wis expected to reach a crest of p feet, flood stage, by 8 a.m. today Local observers at the weather bureau and river station said th no flood was expected along t) e Willamette, although a slight ri e was apparent River readings la e Tuesday, were 8.9 feet at Salem. Flood stage on the Willamette 20 ft f The three inter-county ferries this area, Wheatland, Indepen dence and Buena Vista, were ot of operation Tuesday because if high water. GermcmyWpvM WorkingiB(d .... f "It . ! li it l J , By Flora Lewis WASHINGTON, March -50 -United States officials are reac! ing agreement on a plan for Ge man- reparations, it was learn' today which would leave the rei with a functioning, balanced eco: omy. - j-j: : The question of reparations, be taken up with Russia and Bri ain In Moscow soon, is tig linked to the overall economic; pol icy for Germany. v The amount of reparations Ge many' will be able to pay depen directly on how much Indus the allies decide to leave to the Germans. ; . ff ralmie lleJ Fall j i Patton's Forces itniiig r I S ".'.11 Is t BEAU1EAR 21-(AP)4The U.S. Sev a junction in the Saarland assault that SvirtuallyJ wiped irmies was made at a poirtt (division and the Third army's 35,000 population and the capi .he industrial Saar, fell to Lt. pen. Alexander M. Patch's Sev enth army as did Zweibruecken, 17 miles to the east I !' : Worms, on the Rhine about mid day between Mainz and Ludwig-hafen-Mannheim, was seized in a lightning stab by the Fourth ar inored and flOthj infantry divisions )f Lt.Gen. George S. ; Patton's Third army. I I ' j r The sensatioijlal drive by the wo American armies operating in inison disposed of the j German Seventh army 1 and bottled up much of the German First army i the-: last ' two : enemy i armies fwest oftheRhiiie.;1 I V 3)ef eases" Collapse i . j Si Under the unrelenting assault, he enemy's defenses in! the Saar land salient collapsed-f and nazi Sroopsjwere attempting to flee eastward by the thousands under storm of explosives from Am erican .: warplanes. : j ; ' II The f fall of Saarbruecken and .Zweibruecken fore-told the pos sible swift evacuation of all Ger- 'many west of the Rhine. ' Saarbruecken fell to the 70th .division, which crossed the Saar, sliced through jthe westwall and stormed the city fromi the west against light opposition I j I Zweibrueckeii feU toifte Third .division, which had breached the fwestwill after three days of fierce fighUhg. ,;.- -f. .. Ul y, Citiei FaU Easily; .,.' t:; ifjj The comparatively, easy con quest ff the two stubborn cities dramatically symbolized the com plete collapse of the nazi defenses -or tne jsaar-Moseile triangle. Nil Thousands of G e r m a n s were captured, one front dispatch say ing that the Third army alone bagged possibly 20,000. j M : At the same , time, German re sistance east of . the Rhine seemed Ito falter and Lt Gen. Courtney H. Hodges US First army broad ened its east-bank bridgehead to 124 miles with advances measur Sing up to 4,000! yards. On day of crushing defeat for German arms, General : Eisenhow er himself bodily pointed toward phe sector of the reich' presum ably next marked for destruction. pbroadcasting a p roclamation warning all German civilians and foreign workers to flee from the great Ruhr industrial area Turkey Earthquakes Killr Injure 14 Persons I K7 tne Associated iss j: At least 14 persons were killed :and hundreds injured q,a series pi earthquakes! that shok central and -f southern I Turkey t Tuesday pnoaning, the Ankara radio report ed by FCC saidi : Property damage was not estimated. - A ? The war itself is a prime factor in these calculations. As one of ficial put it, if lithe other . cities of German -resemble the I rubble of Cologne, there Will be no problem of destroying the German war ma chine. ! WhUe tfieUiUted States has lit tle direct interest in reparations, Ithis country is li developing defin ite ideas on thej' related subject of Germany's future economy, ff A high official faid the US be lieves everything necessary should be done to remove the German War potential, but he saw no ex cuse for carrying a destructive policy further limply to stifle commercial competition, Secret Army m Ready to Show AJter V-E Da WASHINGTON, March 20-r- The army has prepared a motion picture for release immediately at teij Y-E day, but it's a secret what; it'i about t The fact that there is such a film was acknowledged today by the motion picture bureau of the ofic of war information. It is under seal f in film exchanges throughout the country. An OWI official said he could not even give a tiny hint of its na- . ill 1 i. uise. auks Capture I Iloilo I Airfield Isle ANTLA, Wednesday, Mar. 2 It -if)-Maj. Gen. Rapp Brush's 40th division infaintrymen captured thej important Iloilo airdrome on Pa- nay j island Monday In a swift eastward drive into the outskirts of thf capital city. . j r SMother column spearing nbrth-j wrd 25 miles from the beachhead; overran the' broad costal plainj captured the towns of Janiuayi Pdtotan and Brbtac Nuevo and es-j tapli$hed contact with a strong guerrilla band which had done; mich to clear the southwest sec-l uon ; of the big central Philip-i pines island. Sen. Douglas MacArthur - said in; his communique today1 that the Yinks were "taking full advan iage oi me enemy s coniusion as thfeyj swept rapidly north and east front the, beachhead established at dawh Sunday with naval and air support, . f ipeavy fires were observed iri Ilfcilo, indicating . the enemy was putting: the I torch to the city of 80,000 inhabitants. olalla Struck y 36 Gases f DiDhtheria r ' ,A : OLALLA, Ore., Mar. epidemic of diphtheria which ight had struck an estimated 36 rsbns in this small town brought ciosiire of the grade school, the aire and a warning from health aathbnties to shun public gather Dan P. Trullinger, Oregon tyi Clackamas county health of4 nceo, said laboratory cultures es tabllshed 19 cases and that clinicai atagnosis incucated 17 more on wruh cultures were awaited. Trullinger said the epidemic ifk a wide age range, some in ei? sixties and the youngest three years old. i Several families had Rtor than jone member ill. The heallh official stated he could not disciver any public ! gathering iih might be suspected as the clusle. Molalla had a census of 986 In 1940, but defense work has f increased the population. bspital Name S Approvea The board of governors of Sa lem! Deaconess hospital voted unanimously . - Tuesday night to ciirie the new hospital to be conl strutted on South Winter street tjie Memorial" hospitaL-They ap proved also: plan! to offer organi zations and, individuals the oppori tiiniiy. to memorialize persona and movement' through gifts to the institution.! C&ic and tion$ will be Invited by the public relations director to the hospital, oh authority given by the, board of governors,: to name reprcsenta trvei to a board to sit In with the governors as. a planning council I)e Gaulle Demands " Arms for Iiido-China , PARIS, March 20 -UP)- GenL T4e Gaulle speaking before the cnsjultative assembly, demanded t4day that the allies ' drop" arms td French! troops - fighting ; the Japanese in the mountainous jun gles of upper Laos, west of Hanoi iii Iido-China. " ' " i j D Gaulle asserted the French !ould hold out until relieved and declared: "I insist that arms and jxtunptions be parachuted to them. (h Pahay alls To ussiahs ... :M I 1 o.;.. ... Soviets Wipe Out Nazi Bridgehead Opposite Stettin '.-ir ! I- LONDON, Wednesday, Mar. 21 -(-Russian troops wiped out the Germans' powerful bridgehead on the) east bank of.j the; Oder river opposite Stettin-1 yesterday and laid the flaming Pomeranian cap ital open to a final assault by cap turing its last outmost bf Altdamm, 70 miles northeas of perlin, Mos cow announced last night Far to the east other Sosviet fortes, rolling up both ends of the partly-flooded East Prussian pock et southwest of Ioenigsberg, cap tured the ancient bastion of Brunsberg and fought down the last two miles to MeiUgenbeil, the enemy's only remaining strong hold there. I Scoring gains of up to five miles the; Russians compressed the pock et to 15 miles ift length and no mare than four (miles from the sea at its deepest swept up to 40 towns and hamlets in addition to BTaunsberg, ook more than 40( 0 Germans prisoner and' cap tured upward of 300 guns, Moscow said. At least 5000 Germans were $lain. ;.). j - . j The Germans said that two pow erful . Soviet armies had opened new? offensives in the south, Sweeping j through Northwestern Hungary within 58 miles of the Austrian frontier; on the road to Vienna, and smashing through up pe Silesia and across .the Mora vian' frontier into Czechoslovakia. These operations, jnot Confirmed by Moscow, would have jthe effect of forcing large-scale German with drawals along the southern end of the eastern front and are aimed at khe mountainous area of south ern Germany and Austria where thi Nazis,; according ; to some re ports,, may make 'a final stand af ter! the defeat off their armies on the Reich's northern plains, i Economic Accord Signed ARIS, March ;20 -WV An eco nomic accord was signed , today by France, Belgium, :Holland and Luxembourg, pledging mutual aid in! rebuilding jtheir war-torn cot i tries. a F DR Orders Study of Plans Xivirig umapteed Annual Wage in American Industry j. ' -j ".By D.Harold Oliver I' ', ' : ' WASHINGTOrl, March 20-P)-P,esident Roosevelt today or dered a study ojf plans for a guaranteed annual wage, described bjf the wf r labojr board as , "one of the main aspirations of Ameri can workers." i! 1 .; 1 -i '!(; -' He told his! news conference WLB will be road! by the office board of .12 headed by O'Max Vraruner, ; ; ionnen J m former!. North Carolina governor. J The bbanf is composed of public, labor, farm and manage ment representatives, -: ' . . ' Gardner! announced later 1 that the f 01 1 p w i n g sub-committee stob, president of the chamber oil coijMnerce of the U.S Philip Mur ra, chairman of j the; CIO; Albert Gojss, head of the national grange,' Mrs.! Anna jtosfnberg; labor and manpower expert, r 1 -! At the same conference, held an hoar earlier than usual and con fined for the first; time In months exclusively to domestic phases of the! war, the chief executive: 1 i i: ? tr-Stood by War Mobilization Director Byrnes and his midnight curfew, but Indicated he wasn't planning any action 1 against New Yoikfor relaxing th ban. r 'i .- Promised a Statement Friday on j the food situation, saying the co4ntry ought to know what's hap pened. ; - - S-Described as 'Iffy" ques tioh"whether govenujnent had any plans to keep the coat mines run ning In event of failure of the op erators and unions' td Teach a con tract agreement.iwTr''-tf.-r-;-'o 4 Said it would depend on the individual case a: good deal when asked if - he '-; favored 'penalties against workers jwhp fail to get Into essential war jobs, as well as against employers who disregard employment ceilings! He" added that the government is trying to getl manpower, the gest way it can. Battle Chief i - I Adm. Raymond A. Spraaoee eom . mauds the U.S. Fifth fleet which i boldly attacked the Japanese ! fleet in its home waters yea : terday. 1 ' Falls to Allies; Japs Crushed CALCUTTA, March 20 - VP) - Mandalay, Burma's second city, fell today to British 14th army troops.. ; i King George VI hailed the con quest as a "notable landmark" of the war in a congratulatory .mes sage to Adm. Lord Louis Mount batten, supreme allied commander in southeast Asia. . ' The fabled city was secured af ter British and Indian troops crushed the last fanatical resist ance in thick-walled Fort Dufferin, last Japanese stronghold. ; Mountbatten said the conquest and ; the entire Burma i campaign was accomplished "against a back ground of. what are perhaps the most difficult lines of communica tions in any theatre of war." British 36th ; division troops, meanwhile, occupied Mogok, the ruby capital of the world which is 65 miles west of Lashio on the Burma road land 65 miles north east of Mandalay. These troops were driving to clear i all. of , the area north of the Mandalay-Lashio road. 1 . ,. 'j ; J the inquiry requested by the of war mobilization's advisory Bank Robbers9 Appeal Fails j The appeal of Elmer Riley Lane and Maley Stone, each serving 15 years in the state penitentiary for robbery . of the state bank at Grand Ronde last summer, was dismissed Tuesday by the .state supreme court, : The pair was con victed in Polk county circuit court at Dallas in October, 1844. Lane - and Stone held up the bank near closing time,, tied the cashier, and escaped with approx imately; $12,000, much of which was recovered. ; f ' - District Attorney R. S. . Krea- son of Folk county moved for dis missal of the appeal; loo grounds that : it was not perfected within the statutory period.'! ' Salem Building! Permits Second Only to Portland j Salem was second only to Port land in the volume of building permits - it issued during- Febr uary, a report from the statistical department of the Equitable Sav ings; & Loan association reveals. The ; capital city's permits Issued last J month ; represent $64,533 ' in building, a drop of almost $30,000 from the January high of $93,211. Portland's permits totaled $609, 7J5 last month. All Mandalay Bbld Strike Ila Nippon's Ho jSeas By Yankees 475 Enemy Planes Destroyed In Carrier Blow; No American Ships Lost, One Badly Damaged I By Morrie Landsberg j tJ, S. PACIFIG TLEET HEADQUARTERS. Guam, WedhesdayJ Alarch 2 1 (AP) American . aircraft flying from the mightiest carrier fleet ever assembled attacked the Japanese fleet in the em pire's inland seas M onday in one of the boldest ex ploits of the war, and' damaged 15 to 17 enemy warships, including one or two battleships, and destroyed at least 475 plane. j ! One of the battleships damaged Was known to be cif the Yamato class, a 45,000-ton dreailnaught, mightiest in the Japanese navy. 1 The enemy fleet thus was hit in! its home wa ters for the first time, but no actual engagement between surface. units was announced. I Adm. Chester W. Nimitz apnounced the dar ing attack today in a coinmunique which said pre- limmarv survevs of damaere Hriowffl that two or three aircraft carriers, four light carriers, two Cruisers, four destroyers and various other war esielT also were included ix freighters were, sunk and werei destroyed. .Admiral Nimitz said the brilliant raid Inflicted "crippling dam age" pn the Japanese fleet .which in the second battle of the Philippine seas. Not 4 Ship Lost pj.-. . . j Although Nipponese fliers made many attempts to bomb the Amer ican rmada, not a ship was lost. One ship, not Identified as to class, was leriously damaged, but is returning to port under its own power. A few others sustained minor damage, hut fill are fully opera tional." Admiral Nimitz raid. I f. The Pacific fleet, whose planes twice routed the Japanese fleet last fear, swung northeast! after a day of destructive attacks on the enemy airforce on Kyushu, southernmost of the Japanese home islands. One hundred enemy planes were destroyed there. J I On Monday, Adm. R. A. Spruance moved ships of his Fifth fleet into position from where Vice Adm. Marc A. Mitseher sent his carrier planes Hellcats, Corsairs, Helldivers and Avenger; torpedo-bombers in the first seaborne attack on the home bases of the enemy in the Japanese Inland sea. .jT : '.I ' " . ' . , ., ( Nil! Freighters Sank ! M ' ' jj :j '- : ' The report of the sinking of jsix small freighters and damaging 22 otheri! ships, the latter mostly combatant 'vessels, was described as only preliminary. This Indicated the likelihood of even sreater damage or ai revision of types of ships blasted by the Yank bombs and torpedoes. I This is the preliminary report in tactical command of the fleet forces: Sunk: Six small freighters. . amaged: One or two battleships, two or three aircraft carriers. two light aircraft carriers or escort heavy cruiser, one light cruiser, four destroyers, pne submarine, one destroyer escort, seven freighters. ' I Installations Destroyed j - . J American planes also destroyed a large number' of installations, h udlhg hangars, shops, arsenals and oil storage facilities. I At Nagasaki there are additional facilities for fleet anchorage, j he bold foray into the heart of Japan's dwindling sea power un doubtedly will mean the erasure of the Imperial fleet as source of op position in tne luture. ; Carrier planes may have hit amage suffered in the Japanese pronged attempt to break up ytfe last October. , , Nijw Carrier IslClvfistened i . i . f - - ' - . r ' NI WPORT NEWS, Va; I March 21HJ j)-The United States navy re eeiv d a potent shot in its air arm tida; f with the christening iere' of tie 4 $,000-ton aircraft; carrier Mid way, the largest" warship ever bunt, vw-itv':i.'''" f In jtfiristenlng ceremonies, Arte- mus jufuaxes, assisuuu sccrviuj of . 1 be- navy for air, announced that he mighty Midway wilt carry a tyro of 1945 model aircraft" so new lit has not yet seen combat actio U.S. Supplj of Crude Rubler at Low Ebb j WASHINGTON, March 20 -,(JP) The war production board! warn ed .tdhight that the United! States supply of crude rubber will fall 40 per cent below the estimated dangjsr line by the year's end. v t in mounting demand, for na tural!! rubber in 4 heavy artillery tires jj will -reduce . the "national stockpile "considerably ' j below 61,000 , tons in 1943, a kpecial rubber report stated. One hundred thousand tonsils, regarded as . the lowest margin of safety, j . .,: ... M ade tne in fne jag. a number of ground installations was decisively whipped last October . from Admiral Spruance, who was . - Carriers, two escort carriers, one -r . ?f ... - enemy ships undergoing repairs of fleet's grandiose but unsuccessful the Invasion of the Philippines at . i . i ' -" - 170Q Yankees Arrive Home '- r .Ui : H :-,:y. -f 'r--y ''. NEWPORT NEWS, Va., March 20.-()-More than 1,700 Ameri can - soldiers who served on the western front were returned to the United States disembarked today from a' troops transport at the Hampton Roads port of embarka tion. ;. : .:J y, y : , The Ship brought 725 wounded, injured and sick men and 1000 ro tation troops - jj- soldiers who will be given 30 days leave . and then assigned to duty In this country. Each of the nation's 48 states was represented among the ship's pas sengers.' i . ' . 'f?; WU Friends Invited To Ship Launching ... '' ' . . ,.' .:-:. Willamette University trustees and ' alumni al well ;as students and faculty, have been invited to attend the launching of the USS Willamette Victory, at Oregon Shipyards in Portland on Friday of next week. Admissions to the yard are offered through the uni versity offices j to those who can attend the ceremonies. ":' . Mrs. Gi Herbert Smith, wife of the university Vf president, is to be sponsor fori the Victory ship. - i - - 'A 1 1
