Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 18, 1945)
! : ' i " pagz rom Th CZZGQll STKUZl lRlh Zdzsu Ore Thursday Uotkai Jsassry 18, ISU ; r I : -. t tf: it Member of the Associated Press i The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for publication nf all ' news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited In Pals newspaper. Carrier Planes : v..-!--- i ' ? -! v- ....tr : ; t' The twin keys to ourlrweep In the Pacific aro the submarine and the carrier plane. The for--jner has been busy at its silent work ever since Pearl Harbor. J It has steadily whittled down the Japanese fleet, both it warships and its cargo vessels. This steady attrition is paying dividends now. -H ;: But it has been the carrier plane which has v made the more spectacular destruction of enemy f military power and has really made" possible our late successes in the Philippines.. It was ; carrier planes, chiefly, which won the battle of Midway. Carrier planes have done the prelim j inary bombing of enemy positions along the j' stepping stones of the Pacific. In particular P they have knocked the Japanese planes out of f the air and have destroyed them on the ground. Carrier planes did all of the damage in the first battle of the Philippine sea and much of it in f the second naval battle in the Philippine waters. - Without these carrier-borne planes our fleet could .not have ranged so j widely. It would have; been exposed to Jap jand-based planes, - which have done a lot more damage than has been; admitted. Landings would have been X seriously interfered with if jour carrier planes had not cleaned out the enemy roosts and "then been at hand to provide aiir Cover, j : It is evident too that aircraft carriers were one of the real limiting factors in J setting the timetable for the Pacific -offensive. Months ago ' there was criticism because MacArthur was not ' "getting the stuff." What he required was not just men and rifles, but a fleet with ample cap ital warships to blast out of the water any en emy opposition, transports and supply ships (especially tankers), landing craft, and then the carriers, big and little, the floating airbases for . navjr lanes. These carriers had to be built. Mac Arthur's leadership on the return to Luzon has been excellent; but he owes a lot to the navy for carrying his advance from island to "island, to the submarines for torpedoing enemy ' supply ships, and to carrier planes for screening his operations. Carrier; planes though are useless without drained pilots; and to the navy pilots-r-men like our own Lieut. Bruce Williams goes, credit for brilliant performance ' A pilot of a navy plane runs the extra hazard of a water landing, with limited chances of. rescued So in hailing car- rier planes as keys to success in the Pacific praise must be given to the pilots who fly them. Ship Damage . , . In support of national - service legislation it is disclosed that among other things, "the step-, ped-up tempo of Pacific ' warfare has brought ' heavy damage to naval vessels," many of which require major repairs. This discloses what is known at every navy base along, the coast, that our ships do suffer damage which, for security reasons are not reported at the time. Much of ,it is by enemy action, (the Jap broadcasts are not; all false), but there is a great deal of dam age from accidents: When convoys of hundreds o, ships are moving at night in darkness in ' strange waters there are collisions. Other acci dents occur from explosions, fires, etc. : Shipyards have been busy ever since Pearl Harbor patching up ships as fast as possible to get them back on duty, j Only.when the war .. ends can the volume be made public so the people may know just what our fleet has suf-T " fered- and how competently our .repair crews have done their job. British Commandos have finally captured Akyab on the west coast of Burma,the Japs withdrawing without putting up a fight. With the Japanese fully engaged in the Philippines and China and with their southern outposts cut of f f rom reenf orcement, now is the time for the British to strike in Burma and thing like .that may be in store, f statement of Admiral Sir Bruce mander of, the British Pacific fleet who said "you'll see us in action in the near future -with a large-sized fleet" He. jwill have plenty to work' on: Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Singapore, Rangoon. . ! . . '; J Coos Bay hopes the navy will take over its white elephant uncompleted hotel building and j finish it for use of nav personnel. If the navy does that we'll say, "Yes, Virginia, there IS a $anta Claus." ... ; j ? . : . - ..'!- - Editorial Comment . TO WRrnrs right ; Washington has just been watching congress get under way. i For the seventy-ninth time since 178 j, the representatives of the people are assembled for legislative purposes. More than three million persons now receive federal salaries for Civilian services. Of all these, only 533 are directly chosen by1 the people. They ; are the president, and vice-president (elected ev ery four years), the 96 members of the senate ,f whom one-third are elected every two years), ahd -. me a memoers oi tne nouse (all elected every -.two years).;- , ;- v - . ' ; Therefore these members of congress are impor tant. They: also are interesting people. Most of those we know put in longer hours than they would spend: In their private professions and businesses.. They are far better informed than the average in telligent citizen. By and large they endeavor earn estly to produce legislation that will advance the national interest. They are industrious in efforts .' to reflect popular wishes in the districts and states they represent ''" kvi';' . -v , Have you ever written to your representative? , Most members are genuinely attentive to their mail particularly to letters from constituents -who, . with no personal axes to grind, honestly set down' .their opinions on pending questions. We have little respect for the widespread dispo ' sition to t'sme&r" congress. Of course, inferior men -occasionally are elected.: "But that is the fault of those who send them to Washington. Congress as'' a whole , is ' a body of a-esponsible, conscientious patriots 531 representatives of 138,000,000 Amer icans. : The 133,000,000 are duty-bound to take.an interest in the individual activities of the 531 and - to keep them informed on the true currents of opinion "back home." Pathfinder Magazine. NUMW MM "No Favor Sways Vm; No Fear Shall Aw . From First Statesman, March 28 1851 : TIIB STATESMAN PUBUSHING XOMPANY ; CHART- A. SPRAGUE, Editor and .Publisher I their liberation, sian army, is a Interpreting The War 1 1 News Malaya. Some- , army winter offensive hasjrippld the whole critt- judging from the cal center of the Fraser, com- wide Russian the Oder valley Far - southward defense bulwark . .. " t , i -- . ' ' ; r. t '.- - -. 'J Bread on the 'Waters ''" i Some years ago citizens in Pendleton raised -$10,000 to assist the Harris box: factory to move-: from Milton to Pendleton. The move was made and the factory enjoyed a remarkable expan-. sion in business. 'This weekfit was announced at the Pendleton annual; chamber .of commerce banquet that the Harris mills desired to pay the. $10,000 back; to Pendleton. Clyde; Harris, an executive of the mills,; expressed gratitude .to Pendleton and said he thought the community should have the; money. He added that the plant payroll last, year was about $400,000. , ... In doing this, it is probable that the Harris factory sets a precedent j The money returned will go, with approval , pt the contributors, to help complete the Roundup grandstand. While rarely or never is money returned di rectly, as in the Pendleton case, communities do prosper from the local development. In Salem for example, our great canning industry began with locally raised capital. fThatwas true of woolen and linen nulls and paper mill. Not all locally financed enterprises have prospered. We recall the plant buili to manufacture trunk board from flax andf papermill waste. Tbt process was not a success, but the plant later was taken over by the Wmaniette Cherry grow ers association and is serving it well, and giv ing good returns to the community if not to the .original investors. r j j ! . t I : In our efforts to attract outside capital for new ventures we should: not overlook the need to encourage local enterprise! Often it proves to be bread cast on the waters which will return in one form, or another, j I ' " Fall b Warsaw' ' j " ; . Warsaw has fallen so many times in its long history (always to rise again that: another fall merely puts another notch in.: its counting stick. This time it is a dead shell of city, its buildings shattered, its streets nearly lifeless. In all its long history it never suffered so much of death and destruction and utter desolation as in the past five and a half years, j Never has a city of such size been the setting for so much of cruelty. When the Russians began their i real winter drive the city was soon encircled and seized The Germans,; their Polish defense line broken, had evidently! withdrawn frofn its environs. In a way however, the" recovery of Warsaw from the nazis is anti-climax. The failure of jointly wjith the advancing Rus-: sad chapter in this war's his- tory. That failure, or, ratherthe failure of the . then conquering Russia . ariies ; to, cross the Vistula, has robbed the Jpresnt capture of its thrill. Whether it was German strength or Rus sian politics that produced the long pause or something of each, we cannot say with positive- ..ness: . ..'. ' v i J ' ' '- The allies can however take satisfaction in the pushing back of -the Germans and in the proximity of Russian armies to vital industrial areas of Silesia; The. long period of rest and recuperation for Russia has ended with; these ' hammer blows at nazi strength, blows that will speed the end of Hitler's" devilish dominion. By KIRKE LJ SIMPSON ' ASSOCIATED PRESS . WAR ANALYST I Omens of a total military disaster in the east are stalking shattered Nazi armies In flight across7 the Polish plains with massive Russian armies at their ; heels. r' ... if r. I- Within less than a week that 600-mile wide Red German east front to shreds from the Carpathians to the southern border of East Prussia. .,.-..,, i ; ;. .Ipj :..: '-j n--'-''-" .The Russians took Warsaw fn their stride to lunge on down both banks of the Vistula. They threatened to isolate all Cast Prussia from the reich and menace Berlin itself at close range. There re main no formidable natural barriers across the wide breadth of the lower Vistula valley behind .which tottering Nazi troops could rally short of German 1938 frontiers a bare 10$ miles from Berlin. Southward Krakow was credibly reported seized and Moscow announced capture of Czestochowa. Between them the Silesian hub of German war in dustries, the Gleiwitz-Hindenburg-Beuthen-Kato-wice-Sosnowiec' cluster of factory cities that rivals the Ruhr in the west, law j exposed to the 60-mile southern tSVX leading central uermany and to Berlin. ' r The dazing speed with which!; the main Russian winter offensive has been driven home invalidates very current estimate of how long the war in Eu rope will endure. It fully justifies its German characterization ! as Stalin's end-the-war campaign because huge segments of the German armies de fensively deployed in East Prussia are under heavy . the once powerful Carpathian of the Nazi east front is fast be coming untenable. ."At Krakow Red forces are al ' ready astride some, of its main communication routes with Germany. North of the great bend of, ' the Danube above Budapest othef Red forces close ly menace supply and escape channels, into Austria. Still another dangerous pocket in Poland is in dicated. Its exact shape is not yet clear, but as the Russians fan out southwestward toward. Lodz and ' the northern rim of the lower Russian attack front, expands northwestward above Szestochowa, Ger man forces east of Lodz and west of captured Ra- , dom are in grave periL, J , The Russian objective the i attack in Polanu which can be deduced from their pattern is to cut the Nazi army -to pieces and if possible destroy i much of it in the field.' To that end triple pockets in East Prussia,- west of Radom and in the Car pathians apparently are being forged to match .re lentless Red pressure up the Danube toward the Vienna-BraGslavia guarded; southern gateway to central Germany. , ' j ' - " . ': ' Successful closing of any! of the three traps on ' the foe could tear so widej a hole in Nazi forces available to man reich defenses on the old German .eastern frontier that any protracted stand there . could be impossible. I - l jnyi . I w cram 1:7.? J ,7 J , Too Late to Help Henry Your Federal Income Tax 1 Income Exempt Trom Tax The tax laws specifically ex empt certain items jfrom the in come tax. These items are ex cluded from the definition of "gross income" and should not be reported in your income tax re turn. . V ;,j U ; -. - The principal items exempted by law are as follows: ILife insurance. The proceeds' of a life insurance policy, if paid to you upon the death of the ' insured person, are exempt from tax. However, life insurance paid to you as a. policyholder on the maturity of an endowment con tract (not a death payment) is not enough but represents in come, ; which must be j reported, to the extent that j the amount received is greater than the pre miums or consideration paid for the nolicv. -1 : etc Where you receive property, a a gift, or by bequest, devise,, of inheritance, the value of the property is exempt jfrom income tax, but any income, later de rived from such property is sub ject to the tax. If, instead of receiving the property as a gift, you only receive jt h e income -from It in a lump sum as a gift, or Jy bequest, j devise, or inheritance, It is not i taxable lo you but is taxable to the donor owner.: If, however, jthe terms of the gift,; bequest, devise, or in heritance require that the income be' paid, credited of distributed t4 you at intervals,J the law re gards it as income to you instead of the donor-owneif, and hence it Is subject to taxi in your re turn.' :: - j :-.- J. : -li ' V sTax-fre interest-Interest on obligations; of a State, Territory, or any political subdivision thereof, oj: the District of Co lumbia, or possessions or the' United States is exempt from Federal tax, and also, the in terest on obligations! of the Unit ed States issued prior to March 1,1 1941, to the extent provided ia the acta authorizing, their is sue. The same applies to interest on obligations issued prior to March 1, 1941 j of aj corporation organized under an Act of Con- , gress if such corporation is an instrumentality of the United States, f'tf " . ' j - : : Sickness and injury benefits. Amounts received through accident-or health insurance or un der workmens compensation acts for personal injury 1 or sickness, and damages j received ; on ac count of, such injuries or sick-: ness, are tax exempt and need "THE YOliNG ffiEA" I By Mossier :LA ... .SL. .... ItB. Wy UWty- f-iW T"''?:,, , nil- null -t - - i -i LugfwVy.! "Xeor mother used to attempt i . a lot more OtF 0331)08 nmrm XII 1 (Continued; From Page 1) many hind quarters as fore quar ters, and that somebody must eat the : hind quarters " or soon, the market coolers would be overflowing with hind quarters., t Looking at ja steer or a cow it j is plain; to see that the hind quarters stand higher than the. fore quarters; but the butchers insist that OPA has put the hind quarters; on stilts, as far as point value goes, which makes the animal very grotesque, market wise. (.-. :. . .' .-!. i At any" rate the local market proprietors when they added up their hind . quarters Monday morning! decided they should do something. So they wrote OPA a letter telling of their predica ment C.I S. Orwig wrote the let ter and j got a. reply from the Portland OPA district rationing executive, who indicated under standing' and sympathy with the butchers, and said he had rec ommended! la change, but that nothing could; be done prior 'to the next rationing period start- ing Feb. 1. He did say that butch- -ers "might lower point values on meat "in danger of spoilage" but first they had to label it so and then sell it at 25 per cent dis count. That gives no practical relief because jthe market doesn't want to label meat about .to spoil' and it can't afford to sell hind quarter beef at 25 per cent off. ! Ordinarily the butcher watches his stock and shades tfce price a bit on slow-moving items or ups it a bit ion stuff that is selling - too fasti in order . to keep his stock in balance. Now .it isn't money; price that counts so much as the point prices, "and he can't shift those; nor can he up money prices above ceilings. Whattodo?.Whatto do?WK, i in .. .m;f. t h butcher to work off ; hhrhind , quarters.;. He may have to be fresh out of fore quarters for a - ' i . :--:'. not he reported as income. How ever, reimbursements on account -of medical and dental expenses which were claimed as a de--duction In a prior year should . be reported as income tip to the'.' amount of such-deduction. (More on this subject Friday) that technique, but then there was to work wi'.LT !' spell. Or he might put cuts from them under the counter for his steady customers (like stoopie cigarettes.)! Maybe ; the house wives, when they get adjusted to the point-increase; on meats, will call for more of the choicer hind quarter cuts. At least con sumers can take comfort in the .fact that the butcher still has meat to sell. ' f j I relate this 'not to scold the" OPA. It must be a terrific job to appraise meat cuts and affix exactly the1 correct point values for the whole i USA. I tell the story to illustrate the difficulty yes the impossibility of success In the full regimentation of our economy. . We submit to partial regimentation in wartime as the lesser of two evils, the alternate being skyrocketing of prices and maldistribution of supplies of essential foods. The virtue of the free economy is that through the operations of silently working . laws these difficulties are readily 'adjusted. As many hind quarters are sold as fore; quarters of beet , Calves' brains ire priced where they sell; and lambs go to mar ket in season. When it comes to these ordinary transactions Jef ferson's dictum was j certainly doubly truei "The best-governed country is the least governed." The Safety Valve LETTERS FROM STATESMAN HEADERS Ll - LOOKING FORWARD To the Editor: In these days when' we are all looking forward to postwar en terprises, would it not be a good idea to consider some of the de velopments we could !: work out for the city of Salem,' and sur rounding territory.; in One of -these it seems to me would be tb harness some of the unlimited . power that could be developed from the' Santiam river, one of the flood control J M 1 1 a wwno naa oeen u- prized by. the government; if this one could not be used for power purposes others could be built without 'too much cost v If this could be., kept under ' the city's supervision and con-; trol, it could furnish power, for Industries and) heat f for our homes at a very moderate cost Besides the power, heat and ' lights Salem could furnish' her patrons, .she would save .thous- ands of, dollars annually ' - for street ; lighting, which; we all have, been very !proud: of. .LToS.S One would think; this ait ytvcvif nuw iuvj . siv easy and we are planning for postwar jobs for our workers. C J. JACKSON Route One, Box 84 , Salem, Ore.1 . Todayfs!Gardoh ; By LILLEE MADSEN . C D." F. asks' if gooseberries should be fertilized. Ans.: If the soil is .very acid apply a little lime. Early in spring a complete fertilizer" spread be neath; the bushes at the rate of two to four pounda.for reach 100 square feet is-advised. j;f : J , Mrs. C. L. writes that she wants one gooseberry , bush for "home preserves" but doesn't know where to plant it as she has not vegetable or fruit plot but has a nice shrub bery" border. ; . . ! Ans.: Not knowing more about her place than this, it is difficult to advise. However, ;ne bush might be. arranged for In the shrubbery-border. But to do well, ; gooseberry bush must have space to develop nd air circula tion enough to prevent mildew. If properly cared i for, one , goose berry bush will give quite a bit of fruit ' ? , ! By Bemney Wheelef (Substituting for Kenneth . L. Dixon) AN "EIGHTH AIR FORCE BOMBER BASE, Jan. lx.'-(De-layed)- look at Capt Vic- tor Mozersky, Oight surgeon you would never think his interest was bowling duckpins In a pitch dark room, or rolling white med icine balls across a darkened - floor. It 'sounds a bit screwy; as Mozersky Is the first, to admit - but it produces night - flying American aerial gunners, pilots . and bombardiers who- can see like cats. ' They are members of the . Eighth air force "newsboy squad ron," the only American unit flying nocturnal missions ex clusively. It was originally or ganized tocarry on a leaflet war against Germany and German occupied areas. Mozereky, a peacetime surgeon whose home is at San Antonio, Tex, set up the training for night flying when the squadron first I began leaflet missions 18 months ago. American air force officers believe it is superior . even to the RAF system on which it was based. "Our job," said Mozereky, "is to send 'em out so well trained that eventually we send 'em ' home." i " v . " f . With the aid of three' enlisted assistants Staff Sgt Jesse H. Bonn, of Beeville, Tex.; Staff Sgt -Iioyd W. Ude, Dearborn, Mich.; and Corp Clifford G. Emerson, Blue Mounds, Wis. v Mozersky processes In two-week courses every officer and enlist- I ) ueraru GUIDEPOST "TOMORROW'S BUSINESS," by Bcartfsley Rami (Farrar A Kln hrtr $2.M). DEMOCRACY UND - RK PRESSURE," fcy Stout Chas (TwcatteUt Ceatury Fond; . Economist Chase's o o k is fourth in a series prepared und er the general title, "When the War Ends,"' and like business man Ruml's, it concerns the pro ductive and financial structure of ; this country when the axis Is whipped. No doubt the stories from the Philippines and the . Rhineland make dramatic read ing, but the battles for full pro duction and full employment will-be with us longer; we won't get the ' greatest benefits from victory abroad today unless -we win victory at home tomorrow. As a matter of fact however, Chase has a light touch, and wit and can even make you I enjoy reading dry-as -dust statistics. For him, columns of figures add up accommodatingly to a . laugh. He sees -the familiar military ' squeeze play being worked in this country by pressure groups, and particularly by the three Big B's . . . the bad, busy B's, he would 'call them, too: Big Busi ness, Big Labor and Big Agriculture.- He wants' these ."Me First" boys to , let up and con- " aider America first; : Ruml's book is a sort of man ual, a Bible for businessmen, most of whom will read rand like it He and Chase are by no means so far apart as might be expected, though the pay-as-you-go tax plan author advo cates fiscal policies on the con servative side. i , Here for instance: are some typical Rumlinjs: "Taxes on cor poration profits have three prin cipal consequences.--- all of them bad? Labor unions "exist be cause of the unequal position of the worker under business rule making." "The word Cartel is an elegant name for a - simple idea: . . . that there is more profit to be made In monopo lizing a small market than, in competing for a large one." Un- der certain circumstances: "the higher the profit the better in terests of all .are served." The ; need of tariffs for revenue pur poses has long since passed." DIAMONDS DIATIOIID DHIDAL DUETTES Stevens & Son beautifully matched ring, will prove a lifetime source of pride and pleasure. Brilliant diamonds la distinctive .mountings V. you choose with confidence when you make your selections at Stevens & Son! ' "4 W sjsssase, , j d Zyk. " ml Diamonds - Re-set While Ton Wait ia?rhl Firing Hlots Learn to DisUngnish Distant Targets ed man assigned to the squadron. Pilots," navigators, bombardiers and gunners trained to fly day ' light missions in close formation, must be re-trained to fly alone at night and to find targets for pinpoint bombing without the aid ' of specialized pathfinders and flares Used by the RAF. - Night fliers must never look directly at an object, but above, below or to the side. ' , The reason for this,", explains Mozersky; "is that the area, di rectly back of the eye can't see at night, and light vibrations must be picked up by eye areas which receive them on an ang le." t l The hardest task Is teaching gunners to look one way and shoot another, and to judge dis tance in darkness. A complicated system of lights reproduces con ditions ranging from full moon light to nazi starlight 1 - Trained night flying crews be come able to distinguish objects 'and judge distances in light con ditions which would be total darkness to an ordinary person. Duckpm bowling, at 20 yards, with white flare cases as Sins," Is one of the exercises developed by Mozersky. Another is to sit the men in a circle around a soft white ball suspended from the ceiling. They must try to catch the swinging pendulum. : Aerial photographs of actual targets are shown under light conditions duplicating what the night crews will encounter. . The crews practice gunnery" against ; silhouettes of enemy night fighters on a machine which gives the score of possible hits under various ' degrees of darkness. ; ' Drama Class Will Present s 'Male Animal' Curtain time for the famous Thurber and Nugent comedy "The Male Animal'-to be presented by Willamette drama classes is set for 7:15 o'clock tonight in the Les lie junior high school auditorium. Tickets for the general public are on sale al Needham's Book store. Heading the cast of 12, Charles Strong portray s the role of a peace-lovipg. college professor who suddenly, finds' his life dis rupted by a host of complications, and Pat Otis plays the part, of his wife. Both have had previous ex perience, appearing together in last year's production of "Ladies In Retirement J . -; Other cast members included Stan Boyd, a college Intellectual; Frances DeLancy, a befuddled colored maid; Jane' Mathers, - El len's college-age sister; Jim Con way, a football star; Dean Smith, Dean Frederick Damon; Virginia Hobbs, Mrs. Damon; Matt G ru ber, an outspoken member of the board of trustees; Joyce Feiden, his wife; Jieviti Smith, leader of the college and Lawrence Ericke, a newspaper reporter. Working with C a r o 1 a Hays, drama m a n a g e r, and Virginia Muhle, stage manager,' are Glen Widdows, Stage crew; Alice Rose, make-up; Corinne Engdahl, Ter- . ry Stewart, costumes; Beverly Cox, small properties;! Eileen Ly tle Lois Messing, furniture; Bet sy Holman, Edith Irvine, sound effects; Ruth Wahlgren, publicity. The production Is the first ma Jortme of the year and under the direction of Dr. H. lLRahe, pro fessor of speech on the campus. Special liberty has. been granted navy men to attend the perform ance. " . y,' Seventh War Loan to Open in Four Months PORTLAND, Jan. 17.-P-Ted R. Gamble, national director of the US treasury war finance di vision, today said the seventh war loan drive probably will open in May. He will leave Friday for Washington, DC WATCHES JEWELRY sy Credit If Desired