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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 19, 1945)
y iyyyi: r ry-y n:--yyyyyy LHP 0333303 to ana aft (em iS t Weather i Sam Frucisc 1 Kateae f . ' Salem - ' POTtla , , , iMttif 4 IT, 41 SS " . JU 4 J O tract vvi WOlajBctU rtrtt t ft C la. 1651 . i JVt f II III vn vvvvy.vv- - ' f" ' f ' j i S ;. ?. - ;. .... ; ' y ' , i j' 1 The; director of the office of I -defense transportation, J. Monroe Johnson, has . lowered - thebooro I on civilian use of railroads until i some traffic snarls are straighten , ed out. He imposed a three-day j day bah on commercial loadings. 1 directed roads to drop passenger f service if necessary to clear freight accumulations and highballed the clearing of empties out of con ! Seated areas. - These directions were reaHy not orders but doubt I less will be observed by the roads voluntarily. The immediate cause -'! of the critical congestion is the l bad weather which has interfered f with rail operations in certain sec- f tions of the country. i "What I would call attention to is not the current railroad strin i gency, althought that is evidently i serious enough to justify official action.-but the excellent record the railroads have made in ban dling traffic of unprecedented vol I ume. iThose whose memories run I back to the first world war will realized the superiority in railroad ! performance in this war. Then 1 the government took the roads 1 over. . 1 . . In Spite of (or because of) that 1 .take-over rail efficiency was no li thing to brag of- There werede lays in getting cars, congestions at terminals, and general difficulty SMn.rail transportation. The situa tion grew worse in the period of the postwar boom of 1919-1920 When the roads were returned to private management efficiency was rapidly restored it became the more necessary because of the falling off in business. As a matter of history there were times during peace, not-Infrequent either, of (Continued on editorial page) Reach 332,912 j WASHINGTON, Jan. 18--The heavy fighting along the western j front during December cost 1 American ground forces 74,788 casualties, boosting total losses on ! that front since D-day to 332,912 f 1 Secretary of War Stimsori, re leasing the figures today at his news conference, said the Decem I ber losses included most of. the 1 62,554 casualties previously re ported during the -first , three weeks December 15 to January 1 7 -lot the big German counter i offensive in the Ardennes. Against these American ( losses, Btimson estimated German cas ualties for the month -at 110,000 I to 130,000, including 50,000 taken -prisoner by the alies. f Over-all army casualties'- during I the. war for all theatres as com- piled; by the war department up to January 7 and reflecting fight ing up to the early part of De cember, Stimson said, are 580,495. Coupled with the latest navy total of 83,364, this puts the U. S. ; combat casualties since Pearl Har bor at 663,859 - Sen.Trunian Unemployed WASHINGTON, Jan. 18. -(Jfy Eenator Truman " (D-Mo) joined ,the ranks of the unemployed to day, but he had the promise of a pretty good job coming up Sat urdayvice president of the Unit ed. States. : . '" ' The stubby Missouri senator bowed out . of service after 10 years ! in , tne senate, witn some nartinjg words of eulogy for a long time friend, Sen. Francis Maloney . (D-Conn) who died this week. The vice president to be took a lot of good natured kidding from fcis friends, mixed with some horse play. Some of them wanted to know if he had clearance from the war manpower commission for transfer from an "essentiar war Job in 'the senate, to the "non-es-sentiar work of being vice presi dent ' - Beer License Ruling Sought PORTLAND, Jan. 18HP)-A re quest that beer licenses be refused any tavern operating slot machines cards, pinball machines, or other Illegal devices was before the Oregon ljquor. control commission today. ' . It was among five suggestions Presented by a league of Oregon cities committee ; and : represented the concensus of: discussions at regional meetings in 175 cities. The list also asked for elimination of fortified wines and for a plan for treatment of alcoholics. Other unofficial league recom mendations "reauested that the commission devise a way to ex dude minors from licensed prem ises and that the commission grant to licenses without the cities' ap Since Invasion provaJL- : . tnrmT-rouaTH yeah British Advance Miles U. S. Third Army Opens New Push In Luxembourg By Austin Bealmear PARIS, Jan. 18-)-The Brit ish Second army, backed ; by American heavy , artillery, slugged out gains of two and a half miles today and overran four towns as its drive on a 28-mile front in western Germany's approaches to the Rhine rose in scope and in tensity. i :ry 1 j Simultaneously the US Third army opened a new assault in northern Luxembourg, broke across the. Sure river on a seven mile front and plunged on two miles into the mountainous de fenses on which the enemy must rely to hold his shrunken posi tions in Belgium. Dress In White r With some infantry wearing white camouflage suits , such as those worn on the Russian front, Lt Gen. , George' S. Pattons doughboys fought into Diekirch, 17 miles northeast of Luxembourg city, and Bettendorf, three miles east, while other forces seized strategic heights beyond." As Patton struck here in two division strength with assaults that carried all the way to the German border; Lt. Gen. Court ney H. Hodges' First army on the northern shoulder was forced back 200 yards at one point due. north of St, VUh but the 30th Infantry was slowly closing on that trans port cenler from positions four miles away, i t ; I Nazis Hit Hard j! Between the southern Luxem bourg bolder and the Saar basin, the Germans struck savagely with tanks against the Third army $ 94th infantry division in Butz- dorf. The doughboys knockedout six tanks but sua tne enemy came on and sharp fighting raged to night j - Another American setback came on the Rhine I front in northeast ern France, where the Germans threw armor and infantry into their bridgehead eight miles north of Strasbourg and forced Seventh army doughboys from the towns of Herrlisheim, 11 miles north of the Alsatian capital, and Sessen heim, five miles farther north. I j Underground t Ready to Help U. S. in China i WASHINGTON, Jan. 18 -P- When American forces land on the Japanese-occupied coast of China. the underground will be waiting to help them. This is the? prediction of Dr. Chen Chia-mal, counsellor of the Chinese embassy here, who until: a few months ago was detailed by the Chinese government to train and supervise underground work ers in occupied China. The strength of the under ground, he says, lies in the petty officials who have remained be hind Japanese lines to keep i symbol of their government be fore the Chinese people. The cen tral government still has Kuomin tang (national party) officials ad ministering local affairs in about three-fourth of the counties the Japanese are supposed to occupy and underground agents, at least, In the rest he says. California Feels Qnake LOS ANGELES, Jan. 18 - (JP) Two sharp earth shocks in rapid succession were felt in this area tonight at about 10:13 p. m. (PWT). No damage was reported. Henry Semon Formally Named Guard on Sin and Shenanigans A two-foot stepladder, a peri scope and Rep. Henry Semon of Klamath Falls constituted new hazards today - for any senators which might even think-of sin or shenanigans at the Marion hotel. .- The house I Thursday : afterr noon, in a few5 minutes respite from its solemnity, was the scene of the ladder-periscope presenta tion to Semon, a member of the house committee "on health and public morals, of the sub-committee on morals of the Marion hoteL" IB PAGE3 i4mericans Return to Luzon American soldiers and their equipment roU ashore on Luzon Island in the Philippines from ships which fill Lingayen Irulf (back ground). A bulldozer, workhorse of both the army and navy, lest no time getting into action (foreground); (AP wlrephoto) j i i i Qiwfliitt Sayf All Europe Battle Fronts Will Remain , , In Flames Until War's End t- f '. ! By John F. Chester I ' LONDON, Jan4. lS.--Prime Minister Churchill, proclaiming the "military: solidarity of the three great Allies,' declared today that thei entire eastern, western and Italian fronts will henceforth be, kept I'in constant flame until the final climax is reached." : He called on Germany and standing! firmly upon the Allies' R.F. Franck, Veteran of 7 Battles Dies is. ; is . - i - j . DALLAS, Jan. 18 Funeral services were - held today follow ing 10 o'clock requiem mass ; at St Philip's Catholic , church for Robert Floyd ' Franck 19, torpe do man second class,! veteran i of seven major i engagements, who succumbed to a heart attack fat San Diego. I . f' -jt . He had attended Dallas schools after he. came, here with his par ents in 1936 from the middle west, -until he enlisted in the navy in 1942.1 He served aboard a de stroyer in the southwest Pacific. Survivors are his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Antpn H.i Franck, who moved to Portland after their son's enlistment; two brothers, Sgt Clair; Franck, army air corps, Great Bend. Kan.; ! and Weldon H. Franck; and two sisters, Nor ma L. and Marlys Franck at home. Veterans bf Foreign Wars were In ftharge of the nilitary services at the Dallas cemetery where burial was made. 1 , Japs Claim Success In Luzon Assaults - LONDON, Friday, Jan. la- The German radio, quoting what it called a Manila dispatch, said today that Japanese elite troops had counterattacked, in the San Fabian sector of Luzon and made a deep penetration in American lines. : ' 1 i . Marion Delegation ,: Host to Legislature . f The Marion county state legis lative delegation will be hosts to members both of the senate and house next Monday noon at Dutch lunch in: the mirror room of the Marion hotel, j Adm. Burrough Named . LONDON, Jan. 18 - - Adm. Sir Harold M. Burrough has been appointe4 1 navjsrt commander of allied expeditionary forces under Gen. Eisenhower, In succession to the late Adm. Sir Bertram Ram- say, f!' 1- ; - - J. The. title was bestowed, as was the investigative paraphenalia, by Rep. Harvey Wells, house com mittee chairman, who advised Se mon to ;watch particularly after the senate members"! - Semon,t in accepting the peri scope and the ladder marked "high transom" and low transom," said he had "some of the senators spotted right now and they'll be my first, job." he added that he was a bit disappointed because the periscope wouldn't fit a keyhole. 1 Japan to capitulate now. Although terms of "unconditional; surrender," Churchill pointed out to the en emy that enforcement of these terms "in no way reliever the yic- torius powers of all their obliga tions, to humanity," or of their duties as civilised and "christian nations."- , "This at least" Churchill de clared, "I can say on behalf of the united nations to Germany. If you surrender now, nothing you will have to endure after the war will be comparable ltd what you are otherwise going to suffer dur ing 1945; HP Would Ease Pain Peace, though based on un conditional surrender,'! will bring to Germany and Japan an im mense and immediate alleviation o, the suffering and; agony which now lies before them.", I , Addressing the house, of com mons for two hours in one of the greatest of the many great speech-" es of his career, Churchill some times bitter and pugnacious, some times smooth and conciliatory discussed British-Soviet relations. Greece,! i Yugoslavia, Italy, the military1 ; picture, "spheres of In fluence", : and Britain's ; over-all aims. ; .-: ; rp k -'- :.- Praises Yanks ' : ! . h : : In a sweeping bow to the Amer ican doughboy, Churchill said that the Yanks in reversing Germany's winter offensive in tlie Ardennes had "done almost all the fighting and suffered almost all the losses" in'what js undoubted! the great est American battle of the war." American, losses, he ' said, were at a ration of 60 to 80, to 1 com pared with the British fighting in the1 . bulge "Care miisi be taken In) telling our proud tale not to claim for the British armies an undue share" of the credit for the battle, the prime minister added, RAF Suppprls Soviet Drive . LONDON, Jan. , 18 H (JP) Th e German' .radio reported that al lied bomber formations -were ranging over upper and lower Si lesia tonight, indicating that the RAF had gone to the support of the Russian onslaught: by ham mering tnemy supplyi lines on the eastern front . . v Prague in Czechoslovakia left the air i after .signaling . the ap proach -of; enemy . bombers. The force possibly; coirld be froia Italy, but it was more like ly that 1 Lancasters - were hitting Silesia after a long journey from England. " Russian night . bombers might also be in action. - v Sir Ronald Ian Campbell Receives High Position " LONDON, Jan. 18HP-Sir Ron ald Ian CampbelL British minis ter in Washington ha been ap pointed assistant under-secretary of ftate in the British foreign of fice. 'HIV i'Pi- Campbell is being succeeded in Washington by John Balfour, now minister; in Moscow. .. : .5 r- Salem, Orton, Fxidaf Morning, Januarf 19. School, - i . i - f Milk Bills Labor Measures Also Hit Legisla f. ture in Busy Day Measures on labor, education, pasteurization and forestry hit the 43rd legislative assembly in rat-a-tat order Thursday, and left both senate and house with few complaints' today as to the scar city (Of business. before them. " New introductions facing the senate included bills providing for a second-injury fund, barring pay discrimination between sexes, calling for collective bargaining of public, employes, compelling work men's compensation in hazardous work, regulating public utility districts; and a memorial ; asking compulsory military training. School Funds Sought . Tossed at the house were meas ures asking $3,000,000 more for the $5,000,000 school support fund, providing ' for the creation of rural school districts, prohibit ing the Sale of unpasteurized milk except that bottled on the prem ises, appropriating , $50,000 ; an nually for the ' control of insect pests and plant diseases, and pro hibiting ithe return of once-sold bakery goods. . i Also : ready ; for a tussle with the house today was senate joint resolution ; 4, providing for ! the five-mari probe of the Oregon liquor business, wnich was re ferred, to the house alcoholic con trol' committee Thursday without comment. Licenses Extended - Passed, by the house was the measure extending until July 1, 1947," currently-valid operators' licenses, land another. tof compel traffic recognition of white canes to be used solely by- the blind. Before! legislative committees were such measures as those pro viding for a tithe on the part of state, departments, a new $5,000,- 000 school equalization fund,' in creased salaries for county school superintendents. f J (Legislative news page 10) : Nazis Admit y Soviets Reach Reich Border LONDO N,Jan. 18.-W-The Germans J; admitted tonight that the Russians winter offensive 'sweeping across Poland like an ocean of flames" had reached the border, ot Germany and that their chief hope of stopping it was aim ply for? the drive to spend itself. Two nazi frontline correspond ents reported Marshal Ivan Kon ev's vanguards had reached i the German frontier of upper Silesia and that- the Volkssturm "men over 50 and youths of 16" were helping the regular German army try to stem the tide. - v 1 .-, These admissions of Berlin broadcasts came at the close of another day unrelieved of German gloom in which the best the nazl military commentators could promise the homefolk was that the Russians sometimes would have to stop to regroup, j . FDR Working On Address WASHINGTON, Jan.! 18.-PH president i Roosevelt got busy to day on tne nutshell inaugural ad dress he will deliver Saturday.' Because this is wartime, the whole inauguration ceremony, will be compressed into 20 minutes and the speech into five. So ilr. Roos evelt Is trying to confine his ora tory to 500 words. - The committee handling all the myriad details of the inauguration met at the White House in the afternoon 5 and settled odds and ends of -problems that always bob up at the last minute. In another room, the White House Corres pondimts association started issu ing press credentials. , Light; Rain Showers today in thet mid-willamette valley area, predicts U. S. weather "bureau at - McNary field, Salem. - - ' Eriteried 194S rn JV; Yank Fighter Ace, Iissirig in Action, Returns, to Ship ABOARD 7TH FLEET FLAG SHIP OFF, LUZON, Friday, Jan. 9 -(if)-, "Indestructible" Alex Vraciu, bemedaled ' fighter pjlot hero - of - the first Philippine sea battle last)! June, who has been missing since December 14 when shot down over Luzon, strolled up the gangway of this flagship to- day. : i- , - ; ii- -, ." He wore the same old grin but it was framed in an inch-long beard. Dangling from his shoulder was a Japanese saber, in his hand Japanese pistol, both souvenirs of his latest exploit , five weeks of guerrilla leadership in enemy territory. I ,. f angrats Go Back, Ration Shelf Monday WASHINGTON, Jan. 18. -&)- The OPA tonight ordered a three day "freeze" of retail sales of lard, other: shortening and salad and " cooking oils, preparatory to resuming rationing of these com modities next Monday. The sales freeze is effective at 12:01 a. m. Friday and will con tinue to the start of rationing at 12:01 Monday. In a companion move, the war food administration ordered 40 per cent of total lard production set aside to meet military require ments. A ration value of two points a pound was set for all of the com modities affected. ; ' r ' Red ration stamps will be used hereafter for the purchase of lard and other cooking fats and oils. British Drive Near to Edge Of Mandalay CALCUTTA, ijan. 18-(-Brit ish patrols have splashed almost to the edge, of i Mandalay where the Japanese are feverishly dig ging in along a new line anchor ed on this second largest city of Burma, front dispatches to allied headquarters said today! Japanese forces are digging into Jungle positions; across an arc of land near the city along a big, right-angle bend in the Irriwaddy river, patrols of Lt Gen. William J. Slim's British 14th army re ported. ' . ' . I' t . - --:'.y The main Japanese forces have withdrawn to the east of - the Irrawaddy the side of the river on which Mandalay is situated and the enemy is ferrying more equipment from' the west to the east bank. . ; ; ' 2 Mid-Willamette Valley Men Killed in Action ' The names of two mid-Willam ette valley men are included in the list of Oregon men killed in action, From the Mediterranean area the name 1 of Pfc. Thomas Collins, jr, whose wife is Mrs. Fauniel Faye Collins, route one, box 173, Gervai. . i From ; the Southwest Pacific area Sgt. Woodrow A. Roy, whose aister Is .Mrs. Leola A.! Chritoph- erson, 717 Broadalbin street, Al bany.. - - !- j n l L001 Food Output Termed Just as Important in '45 as Last Year a. " By LUlie aladsen : rrm andaGarden Editor Food production this year is ust as essential j to bur. nation's war effort as it was in 1944, Ernest E. Henry, president of the Pro- duction -y Credit A Corporation of Spokane, told members of the Wil lamette Production Credit associ ation at their annual meeting held Thursday at the American Legion hall. , , ! ' "Even" though '! the European phase of the war should end prior to the" 1945 harvest season, we still must erase the Japanese menace in the ; Southwest Pacific,, said the speaker. "Our farm front is just as essential as the battle front and it is our responsibility to. make certain . that we j have I plenty J of food lor our armed forces, for Price 5c m r) n? r3 ro) . ," 1 1 History's Greatest Oflfensive ?Roars :yy:'y--- " Fy-yA - lv --v;vv'---- Through Surging Russians Capture 2000 Towns, Advance 30 Miles in 24 Hours, Reach Krakow Suhurhs I By W. W. HERCIIER LONDON, Friday, Jan. 19 ( AP) The German radio reported last night that the rd army had reached the Sile sian frontier 250 miles southeast of Berlin as soviet forma tions in history's greatest offensive ripped through nazi 0 50 OjW- WARSAW SILESIA l fii A K. Arrows Indicate red army drives it was believed, Russian forces may already have driven into Ger many's rich Industrial section of Silesia. North of the salient In tha Czestrochowa area, other Russian forces converged on Lodz. Brok en line Is front, Germany's pre-war border It shaded. (AP wire photo map) . :; j : i;-v:''-i'. ' .' . defenses dear across Poland, ties with 30-mile advances in The Russians! drove into bastion in the southwest, reached the area of Lodz, Po land's second city! on three Ordaneta Falls To Open Main Road to Manila GENERAL Mac ARTHUR'S! HEADQUARTERS, Luzon, Fri day, Jan. 19 - - The northern section of ' the main highway to Manila opened for Geh. Douglas Mac Arthur's steamroller early yesterday-morning when the Sixth army captured Ordaneta, 27 , road miles southeast of Lingayeh gulf. after the first action . even, "ap proaching battle magnitude fought in the nine-day-old Luzon . cam paign. :-,;;;-;:;v- A five-mile advance down the central Luzon plain ! by another Yank ' column meantime captured Panqui, a road junction just 12 miles from the important city of Tarlac Tarlac is 70 road miles from Manila. :-;" --: y.- yi.- k -: MacArthur , disclosed US L war planes were operating off the Lin gayen airfield; which was occu pied within a half hour of the January 9 landings. : y. Ordaneta; key town on the main Manila-Baguio highway, was tak en only ; after American ' mobile guns and armor had smashed a concentration of enemy tanks and artillery - cleverly concealed in bamboo thickets . along the ap proaches. , ' . ; v i, : . -.i, civilians, for our allies and for relief needs. Lend-lease require' ments might be reduced after Ger many is whipped but the now occupied countries will need Amer ican food." : V" i Henry pointed to the need for counselling returning "war veterans who are , interested in becoming farmers. While many of these came directly from the farm, there will be others who have -had no farm experience and who will need real guidance, he said. Long-time earning capacity of the land and the danger of assuming a heavy debt load which must be repaid with returns from the farm when commodity prices are below, pres ent war time prices should be con sidered, the speaker said. . . -' (Additional story on page 14) Now 231 Poland south and west of Warsaw where. capturing nearly 2000 locali 24 hours. - the outskirts of Krakow, big sides, and drove to within 13 miles of lower German Jiast Prus sia. . . ' . (A Berlin broadcast early to day, recorded, by CBS, said Krakow has been evacuated. ) Moscow announced the capture of Szarleyka, 12 miles from the Silesian frontier and four miles northwest . of Czestochowa, but did not confirm the Berlin report that the border had been reached. Other dispatches said that Sov iet spearheads however, already had crossed into industrially-rich - Silesia, Germany's "Ruhr of the . east," and a Moscow dispatch said that Soviet planes .and ' artillery were laying down a terrific bar rage on German soiL . Volksstrum Fights The Silesian Colksstrum, or home army of over-age and physically poor recruits, already - has ,re ceived its baptism of fire during . this hour of greatest danger as the enemy reached the Reich border," said Berlin radio. . Striking powerfully in northern Poland the second white Russian army overran more than 1000 localities. It pushed to within 13 miles of lower east Prussia and with the seizure ol Drogiszka, nine miles south, of the road Junceion of Mlawa, and .119 'rnUei from Danzig on the Baltic f Gain 4t Miles In central Poland the first white Russian army drove to within 260 miles of Berlin in an advance 40 miles west of fallen Warsaw, capturing 5 Oft towns and villages and spearing to within 30 miles of Lodr. . . . ' i ' i The first Ukraine army, hitting from, the south, drove to within 22 miles of. imperilled Lodz, and was reported officially to be with in 12 to 40 miles of the Silesian frontier on . a 65-mile front be tween Czestochowa and Krakow sectors, r This army captured 453 localities during the day. It also captured the ' commander of the 17th German tank division, Colo nel Brack, and his staff. Conflict Raging The frontier conflict apparently raged west bf Czestochowa, cap tured yesterday by the Russians, In an area only , 78 1 mijes from Breslau, Silesian capital. A Berlin report to the Stockholm ' Afton bladet said that Breslau, 170 miles . southeast ; of Berlin, "is now di rectly in the danger zone." - 1 The Russians, estimated at 2, 500,000 men, also reached the Im mediate approaches on three sides of Lodz, "Poland's Pittsburgh" and second city 70 miles southwest ol captured Warsaw, and Berlin 6ai4 ether red troops had broken into . the suburban streets of Krakow, big axis bastion in the southwest ern corner of Ft land.