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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 13, 1945)
PAGE F0U2 Th OSEGOIt STATESMAN, Salem. Oregon, Saturday Moraing. Jannary IX 1315 . mmmmm w a J - Wo Toror Sways Us; No Fear Shall Atoe From First Statesman, March 28, 1851 THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY 1. CHARLES A. SFRAGUZ, Editor and Publisher . . Member of the Associated Press The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled to the use for publication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper. No 'Wolf, Woir There is no "wolf, wolf scare in the call for nurses aides. -'Already the ranks of trained nurses ! have been greatly reduced by enlist- merits jta the medical corps of the armed ser vices. jSo great is the present and prospective need that the president has recommended im posing the draft on nurses. AH of this means whether there is a draft or not, that there will be fewer nurses left for civilian duty six more nurses are scheduled to go' from Salem within a short time. There must be a greater number of nursesl aides to relieve the remaining graduate ' nursesjof much routine work if the ill at home are to receive proper care. The response of nurses to the call of their country has been' magnificent. Dorothy Thomp son estimates that of the 250,000 registered, nursesjonly about 150,000 are eligible, that is, are not over-age and "have no dependents.' Of these 75,000 have volunteered. As Miss Thomp son says: I submit that in no other profession in our population is there so high an average of the volunteer spirit ; j However, of these volunteers 43 per cent were rejected, chiefly for physical reasons the work of army nurses is so strenuous and taxing that only those in the best of physical and men tal vigor can be chosen. By diligence in re cruiting it ought to be possible to obtain the necessary number 4f new nurses for military duty. For 'nurses aides there isa desperate plea that women who are eligible respond, take the required course and then contribute their ser viced fn hospitals. The particular need is for women who can do daytime work in this ca pacity; but all who can work are urged to en- roll with the Red Cross for class instruction. Here is an opportunity for women to do their part in meeting community needs in wartime.. It is riot only art' opportunity; it is a real obli . gat ion on all situated so they' can serve as nurses' aides. . - Hart Committee Congressman Hatf of Jersey City has been named as the new head of the house committee on unAmerican activities, succeeding Martin Dies, no longer in congress. The. Congress had voted by an alliance1 of republicans and south ern democrats to continue the committee whose . demise had been freely forecast. Now it is made a standing committee. , j 1 "There is a field for such a committee. The Dies committee exposed a lot of subversive in fluences which needed checking, The trouble with it was its own bias and intolerance and overdose of suspicion. With some subverters it was over-gentle; in other cases it was not at all discriminating in its judgment ! ' Hart is a new man for the committee. The principal thing against him to start with is the ' city he comes from. ! A Jersey j City democrat must be a minion of Mayor Hague, which is a poor introduction. The country will just have to see what use he makes of the power of his committee, hoping for the best and fearing the worst though he could- hardly be as bad at Dies. t ' e - 1 1 v' Wallace's Resolution I Sen. Lew Wallace was peeved, when his own resolution calling for a liquor investigation was summarilv laid on the table. However his own delay contributed to its fate. He let four days j nCOITIC TclX go oy wunoui turning in nxs resoiuuuii, tuuu&u two others were introduced ; and referred to committee! With the committee report in and the senate readyjto act Wallace could hardlyex pect his own belated resolution to get attention. Wallace did have pne point! inj his piece, and that was to make the committee bi-partisan. Lacking that the democrats will have an op portunity to cry "whitewash." We do not ex pect the investigation to turn up any new scan dal; but the fanning of the subject will adver tise it all over the state.; No one can tell where one of these political prairie fires will stop. ! 1 Nine Lives? ' - ' Lr! , - . '!..: ATTJIS FRONTI V Siedcd AAF jGroup Tiles to Make; Its IkrySfcElInd as Bat Your Federal News Behind the News Teen-Age Center Some of the 'teen age group were proposing a special "teen-age center?or themselves, the idea being laid on the shelf, it was said, because more 'girls than boys wanted to join. With due sympathy for the desires of the 'teen-agers we question vlry much the wisdom of a separate center for them, especially one not under established auspices. The community is maintaining youth activities quite generously in YMCA, YWCA, churches, the former service center on High street, as well as school-sponsored activities. A center not under qualified guidance might quickly-become a community headache.- ' Besides there is too much disposition to exalt the 'teen-agers as a "problem" or as a class. It gives them a degree of self-inflation that' isn't healtby. The present assumption of sophistica tion by the bobby sox set and their 'teen-age brothers is funny it should not be allowed to become serious. Editorial Comment O. L BILL OF RIGHTS 4 It has remained for President Hutchins, of the i University of Chicago, to point out a serious flaw in the so-called GI Bill of Rights. In an article in: Collier's Weekly, he intimated that for some of the - CI's, the educational provision U merely "a method, of keeping the veterans off the bread line." Be cause1 the act guarantees free education to all vet erans of 90 day service. President Hutchins declares that it "threatens to demoralize education and de fraud the veterans" by making of the colleges "ed ucational hobo jungles." He contends that the act should be amended so that only those veterans who want and could get an education go to schooL "Edu cation would not then be used as a substitute lor the national program of public works." He points out that the law provides free education up to a -.maximum of four years, the length of schooling depending on the veteran's length of service. Not only do the veterans get free tuition, books, and equipment but a subsistence allowance of from ; $50 to $75 a month. Hutchins charges that the au thor -of the educational provision must have been , aware that the monetary returns would be used by many who are not qualified otherwise, to take on ' a college education. The .education they should have, he says, & something that will get them jobs and get , them quickly. He contends that of 150,000 ' students who finished their school in bookkeeping in the year of 1934, only 38,000 were absorbed by industry and that only 5000 of 100,000 students who graduated as Diesel engineers in the same year ; were hired. This, he points out has proved that"; ' the GI Bill of Rights may provide vocational train ing, but that it does not necessarily provide jobs. Corvallis Gazette-Times. A SIGNIFICANT ANNOUNCEMENT Harold J. Turner, secretary of the Oregon Rail roadl association, has made a public announcement that the Oregon railroads will offer no formal oppo sition to the so-called "big truck" bill due to come again before the Oregon legislature. It will be the ' first, time in recent history that the clash between the truck and rail interests is absent at the legis . lature. - The railroads do not disclaim an interest in the . proposed legislation but are standing aside be cause of the anti-trust proceedings brought against , a group of the western railrbada by the government The truck bill of course seeks to increase the legal lengths of trucks from 50 to 60 feet and revise up wards the formula by which maximum weights are figured. ;, " '...v The task of the legislators is plainly to study the situation and act In the interest of the state's de velopment and the businesses that provide the tax base for the state; It is not. improper for business to educate legis lators on the effects of contemplated legislation.' Legislatocs should be advised. But an impasse in which there is no give and take in the public in terest is what damns business Interests when they go to the legislature. It will be interesting to see how tlje members of the legislature tackle this problem this year in the absence of an organized fight. It will be the legislators insteid of the lobby ists who get on the grill then if constructive legis lation doesn't develop. Oregon City Enterprise. . s many. . . While the landings at Lingayen gulf were made without much loss, the convoy seems to have been under quite heavy attack. ' Gen. Her bert Lumsden, Churchill's personal representa- tive to General MacArthur, was killed in a Jap air attack while on the bridge of an American warship. We hear very little of the damage done our ships, but not all the Jap boasting was vain. Our navy yards are kept quite busy patching vessels damaged in action, chiefly from enemy planes. '- ! ' !:.' I j ' - ! f Ne. 11 1 .Farmer's Dednctions j If you are a farmer you are, I in general, entitled ; by law to J deduct certain items of expense iin arriving at net income for I Federal normal tax and surtax ! purposes. What items you may deduct thern. denends In nart on ' W",W!"n the method you use 'in making your return, and in part on spe- cific provisions of law. A. Expenses of Business j Or Rental Property I By special provisions of law you may deduct in computing I your adjusted gross Income to I which the tax in the tax table in the return applies, all -) amounts expended (other than those constituting capital expen-; ditures) in the carrying on of ;y ou r business of farming for ; : profit If you keep no books or if you keep your records on the i I By PATJL MALLON : f j (Distribution by King Features Syndicate, Inc. Reproduction In Whole I or in part strictly prohibited.) " . I . WASHINGTON, Jan 12 The i republican champions of a work ers draft act think Mr. Roosevelt , was spoofing them when he ad vocated it, in his annual message to Congress. . . New .York Rep. James W. publicly was quoted as say ing the presi dent would have to measure more than lip service, or -he would not" even Introduce it a gain. The other co author.f Ver monts Senator Austin, has been growling off Mr No ski trains this winter and no beach spe cials next summer is the ukase of ODT. Even the Oregon newspaper conference set for Feb ruary has been cancelled becoming another war casualty. If any one has any pet peeve, now would be the time to get it abolished as a move to win the war. I " j j cash receipts basis, these should be and disbursements j business expenses ! entered in Form The California assembly gave an early rebuke to the pension-pushers. It defeated an amend ment lifting the pension rate: to $60 a month, and voted to continue at the $50 rate, f J " Coming is the rototiller, a power machine that plows, discs and harrows the field in one opera tion. This, should make farming as pleasant and easy as driving an automobile'. Interpreting The War News By KIRKE L. SIMPSON ASSOCIATED PRESS WAR ANALYST Synchronizing with Moscow intimations that complete capture of Budapest is very near, German reports that a full scale red army attack has been launched in southern Poland are credible. Even In the absence of Russian confirmation of those reports there has been much to indicate that the long awaited main Russian winter offensive to match! Allied pressure from the west was waiting only on the fall of the Hungarian city. -; , Meager German accounts of the Russian action did not go beyond placing its scene in the Russian Baranow bridgehead area west of the upper Vistula. The last known Russian positions in that wide and deep thrust beyond the river were within less than 40 miles of Krakow and only twice that distance from German Silesia, rich in coal and iron. ! The Russian Baranow bulge seems the logical site for first moves in an all-out Russian winter cam paign to crack the center of the German eastern defense lines. As, last indicated the north face of the bulge reached westward to wRhin 20 miles or so of the important road-rail hub city ofKielce central Poland. It gave the Russians an east-west front some 125 miles south of Warsaw, nearly 0 miles wide, as a base foif. northward flanking op erations to turn the foe out of Vistula west bank defenses. v f.- v - "' ;..' - No Russian report on the situation on the Vistula ; is to be expected in any case pending definite prog- I ress. . Early Nazi accounts are confusing. They assert first Russian attack waves were halted by I massed fire yet later admit heavy fighting still in progress in "peneration" areas. They included.no place names, however, by which either the scope ; of action or its direction could : be determined to furnish some clue to Russian intentions if they have struck; at least on the long dormant Polish front That possibility cannot be ignored even if Mos cow remains silent until the battle reaches a critl . cal stage. . V 'l:-vM -1 . Now that Allied forces have fully absorbed the shock of the German counter-attack in Belgium i and are grinding the foe back and inflicting losses. ' upon him he can ill afford it seems clear that a ! Russian major offensive on the Polish plains could -be even more effective now than at some earlier time. Coupled withf thef close . danger facing - the Nad command in the Danube gap in the southeast . it would tend to dry up the streami of reinforce- , ments or replacements for madly mauled German ! armies in the west , Quite aside fron? its strictly military significance, the opening of a Russian offensive In Poland at this time would tend also to Otherwise help American-British-Russian relations." It would certainly les sen suspicion on-either side of the Atlantic" that 5 Moscow is playing, a. lone hand in the Balkans to J the detriment of the joint .war effort against Ger- U040F, fSchedule of Farm In i come and Expenses," which should be filed along with form 1040 (the use of form 1040F is ' optional if you report income ; on the -accrual basis). and the resulting net farm profit should . be included in the net profit : ifrom all business properties. I If you receive rental or roy , j alty income from farms or other properties which you own, you ; : may 'also deduct, in computing 'your adjusted gross Income, the: t taxes, .interest, insurance, depre- ciation, J and other expenses which are chargeable against ' the rental or royalty income. You may likewise deduct, in ' computing adjusted gross ln- ' come, the allowable losses which i you sustained from the sale or j I exchange of property which was j used either for business or for ; profit purposes. The computa 1 tion of gains or losses from such ' ; transactions -should be shown in i a separate form called "Schedule ID (Form 1040)," which is a "Schedule of Gains and Losses." i j The total net gain or loss from I capital assets should; be entered on line ;l:of the schedule D on j page 3 of the return, and the to ! tal net gain or loss' from non capital or ordinary assets should be entered on line 2 of the same schedule. - ; B.' Other Expenses Expenses which are not al lowable! deductions in computing adjusted gross income may rep resent expenses of .t investment property (other than rental or royalty : property), or expenses Fan! Mallon the;, record for months that he was hoodwinked when the president endorsed the measure a : year ago and then left the fght for, it to General Marshall and Admiral King, who could not swing congress then and cannot now. The common story thus has sprung up that Mr. Roosevelt . is i merely going. through the motions of leadership on .the measure because . it would be embarrass ing for him to resist such an im portant demand' from his army and ,navy leaders, yet does not ; wish to push the matter to a successful; conclusion because of your living quarters and other property Used for personal pur poses. By "expenses of invest ment property", is meant, ex penses incurred in the produc tion or collection of taxable in come or n the management of property $eid for the production of taxable income . but not vsed in farming or other business. If you file Form 1040 anduse , either the tax table or the sjtan- ' dard deduction, then you may not deduct any of the expenses referred ,to in the preceding , paragraph, because you will re ceive an allowance, in lieu of such deductions. If, however, you file Form 1040 and itemize your deductions on page 4, then you may deduct the expenses of investment pperty along with yo u r - allowable contributions, medical expenses, taxes and- in terest on home,' and miscellane ous deductions. i v The law does not allow deduc tions for personal living or fam ily expenses, (except medical expenses), or for amounts paid to acquire or increase the value of property. (To Be Continued' the labor unions have been hitter against it ', y . J j ... He is just shoving a politically: unpopular issue raised by, the ormed services upon a congress he knows will reject it they sus pect, j 1 j There may have been some thing in this interpretation up to now, but certain quite unmis takable changes on the inside have become apparent and some surprises may be developing. An outspoken senatorial opponent of the worker's draft for Instance, declined public comment on Mr. Roosevelt's message, but private ly said he had been so shocked by recent developments on the western; front (shortages)! he believed; critical war conditions , had grown sufficiently bad to justify the legislation, i j Furthermore, the unions have, gathered so much power - In the last year that a question j has arisen as to whether Mr. Roose velt might not like to get a rein on them himself. The legislation: would give him a hold on! the unions, i I ! People now laugh at the: politically-minded unionist in! the white house having such a thought but talk about a possible national coal strike in the spring is being heard. Would not the president like to use draft act on John L. Lewis? More ardor from the white house fori the legislation is possible this year, I think. , j Inner workings on compulsory military training are somewhat I different Until a few weeks ago there was no detectable oppo sition to taking all youths IS to 21 into army camps for a year as the war department was pro-1 posing. Then churchmen began to dissent and now republican ' house leader Martin suggests it would be a good ideal to wait ; until peace. ; There are enough ' democrats of similar mind to make a majority. . I I j . j At . the moment it appears quite possible congress will drag ; out its committee discussions of this" question as well I as! the workers draft v . j If it is delayed until peace,' most people think it will be killed j entirely. War enthusiasm jthen! "will have cooled, in case the peace is anything like Mr. Roosevelt's ! promises of how good it will be. j This possibility, of killing all; plans for military education of ' the youth seems to me to be as' dangerous as the army , plan to draft a year - of each youth's life. Military subjects jean be made compulsory in the schools ana colleges without buiidmg a - By Komney Wheeler ! (Substituting lot-Kenneth ' L. Dixon) 8TH AERFORCE BOMBER BASE, Jan. 12-(ffKW J make our boys blind as bats. IX. CoL Earle Aber of Racine, Wis, paused for his statement to take effeet, and chuckled. -Sounds silly," he said, "but it s true. Their ' job is to see at night . ' ' j, . ' Aber motioned toward a black painted Liberator, one of several on the field. "We are over Ger many and occupied territory nearly every night bombing the enemy with leaflets- The squad ron is the only American outfit in this theater trained exclusive ly for night operations and those crews are "so adept they can pin-point a crossroad On a moonless night" I The 8th air force disclosed: Oc tober 28 the existence of the "newsboy" squadron of Libera tors and Fortresses, which has carried on a leaflet-bomb war against the nazis. It is probably the busiest outfit in the Euro pean theater, its pUots flying as many as 20 missions a month: un der conditions which would drive most American airmen, to dis- traction. '-. - ' j . Most VS. heavy bombers fly daylight missions in tight for mation behind designated lead-' ers; Aber's boys fly alone in; the dark with not one, but five or six targets to hit The Fortresses carry ten, and; the Liberators 12 massive card board bombs, reach! crammed with 80,000 leaflets and equip ped with barometric detonators which explode .the cylinders GUIDEPOST "THE YOUNG IDEA" t By Mossier ZXXlSi'ZSrSSXiZ- . ' . . priving boys of a year of .'their 7e3 sae. Donna, Is there seme .are there many others?" business' lives,, and. the national guard can be expanded to the efficiency of a real guard of the nation without accepting a total itarian youth system. j i Yet these or any other jreal democratic methods of future national defense preparations for youths are today unchamploned by any authority in the admin istration or In congress. The army eventually may show sense enough, to present a detailed program along these democratic lines, , ; A - I : This brings, rut- to- another, deeper phase of the-inner work ings - behind these ; compulsion programs. The army and navy have now practically taken con trol of domestic economics and business. The businessmen who have i left - the j war production board formerly fought for civilian supplies against army and ' navy demands. Now the civilian in terest remains ; practically un represented directly, except by an Inconsequential bureau, and the' requirements of the armed services are ' guiding economic policies and decisions.! This trend of army and navy power in government wfil con tinue to expand. . . , i , -LATIN AMEBIC Uf THK I FU TURE WORLD," fcy Gnrfa Soole. DirM Efroa ajid Monuut T. eM (Farrar Riaehart; SXSS). This is the reverse of the pop ular picture of our southern ' .hemisphere as a land of roman tic cowboys in wide sombreros, of vast haciendas, gay fiestas, strumming guitars, mantillas, roguish black eyes. Soule, . Er ron and Ness, are statisticians, not artists. Their findings j are appalling. Samples are semifeu dal land ownership, peonage, tuberculosis death rates 1 up to 10 times that of the U.S. In some places one hospital bed proportionately to every 2!t in the U. a camp for 12,000 min ers where not one house has an individual toilet The authors suggest what might be done! for and by our "good neighbors'!' on the wrong side of the railroad tracks. r ; ; j . "MANUAL : OT rHOTOGKAMMET - KT - by Aacrieaa Society f Phe tocruuMtrr PlUta; SSJ).j Edited by P. G. McCurdy of the U. S. Hyiu)graphic Office, this is an exhaustive' survey of the methods and postwar poten tials 1 e s of - a comparatively young science: measurements by photographs. , Aerial photogram- metry has been invaluable at the fronts; the editors' call it the "most accurate nd economical method" for mapping the Ame ' ricas. It would be hard to be a photogrammetrist without hav ing this book; it would be hard to do much with this book if you were not a photogramme trist - "V"; . : -. - - . , t . :- .. : "THE SPIRIT OF RUSSIAN ECO NOMICS, y 4. F. MrMM (John . Bay; S2). .; ;j Communist Russia i is funda mentally a continuation of czar Ist Russia, Normano ; maintains in this timely and valuable book. He recalls 19th century Russian condemnation of America as a backward capitalist state, notes that old Russia imposed reforms by force Just as new. Russia i doing, argues that Russia has al ways been interested In achiev ing social freedom but indiffer ent to individual freedom. A full century ago, Russians pre dicted that Moscow Would be come the capital, that In 1940 Russi would be "at the head of the civilized world . . accept ing tribute of respect! and wor ship from the entire civilized mankind." I about 1000 feet above their tar gets. By allowing for wind drift, . the crews are able to plaster an area as small as a hamlet with leaflets, Aber saysl , v ' Tactical leaflets include such missions a s the squadron's "bombing" of - Walcheren " Island to warn residents to flee before allied ; attacks, and the leaflet shower of French' coastal areas at d a w n on D-day, telling Frenchmen of the invasion. Stra tegic work is the j bombardment of enemy cities and front lines with news bulletins and safe con duct passes for surrender. "There have ' been numerous close : shaves," Aber said, "but only one plane has been lost thus far by enemy action" Recently a navigator brought bis plane safely to! an allied air field :i in France after suffering severe leg wounds from flak over the Belgian bulge, j 1 "He wouldn't give up or let us give him dope to ease the pain," said the pilot, Lt John Majdick of Oakland, Calif. "Our radio op erator fixed a turniquet to stop the flow of blood and he took us within a few miles of an emer gency j field before passing out He's recovering now and on his way home." ERT (Continued From Page 1). $10 a day for 120 days and cuts the pay in two. Some states paj by the year. California pays its legislators $1200 a year, Nev York pays $2500 a year and Massachusetts pays $200 a biennium. There is no Thyme or reason, other than local history, for the size- of legislatures. Nebraska's one house has 43 members. Ne vada, with the smallest popula tion, appropriately has the small est legislature with two houses, 17 senators and 40 representa tives. How can one justify this comparison: Texas the largest 'state, has 31 senators and 150 representatives, while New Hampshire, one of j the smallest, has 24 senators and 423 repre sentatives? Rhode sland has 44 senators and 100 representatives. ' Connecticut with 38 senators and 272 representatives seems to be in the New England tradition of a representative lor every town! Massachusetts has 40 in the senate and 240 in the house. Georgia goes in for big legisla tures, with 52 senators and 205 representatives. I Assemblies too large become Inefficient as well las expensive. On the other hand j they do give more of the people a lively sense of participation in! government. The making of laws is tradition ally the highest expression of the republican form ofj gavernment, and membership in a legislative ' body is an honor which is greatly cherished. ' - f It were better L'. the general public heaped less of abuse and sprayed less of ridicule on legi slatures, and put service in the legislature on a higher plane of dignity and consideration. Legi slators themselves jought to de mand the recognition due their . offices - and make sure by eon duct and action they merit such recognition. Peterson ional Gets-Post Director JL L. Peterson, state agricultural department rriday was. advised of his appointment as chairman of the standing com asittee on animal industry for the National Association of Commis ioners, Secretaries jand Directors of Agriculture. - v . The Oregon directox has taken an active interest la matters re lating to the livestock industry and is now serving as president of the Western Agricultural Di rectors association j and the ex ecutive committee of the national association. - j - Eraeeleta .... Earrlags " . Waxs ; 1 . cap. :"; Pins . - t M - - WATOIES " . JEWELRY - Stevens & Son has an outstanding selection of chic Costume Jewelry . . . youii find many, many pieces to add R sparkling cn u your costume . for daytime and evening wear. Credit If Desired! Diamonds . Re-set Whila Tor Walt I 1 -yjj 'Iff Store Ilenra: $ :19. A. M. te P. M. Not Open Saturday ! NighU -