PAGE F0U2
Th OSEGOIt STATESMAN, Salem. Oregon, Saturday Moraing. Jannary IX 1315
. mmmmm w a
J -
Wo Toror Sways Us; No Fear Shall Atoe
From First Statesman, March 28, 1851
THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY
1. CHARLES A. SFRAGUZ, Editor and Publisher . .
Member of the Associated Press
The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled to the use for publication of all
news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper.
No 'Wolf, Woir
There is no "wolf, wolf scare in the call for
nurses aides. -'Already the ranks of trained
nurses ! have been greatly reduced by enlist-
merits jta the medical corps of the armed ser
vices. jSo great is the present and prospective
need that the president has recommended im
posing the draft on nurses. AH of this means
whether there is a draft or not, that there will
be fewer nurses left for civilian duty six more
nurses are scheduled to go' from Salem within a
short time. There must be a greater number of
nursesl aides to relieve the remaining graduate
' nursesjof much routine work if the ill at home
are to receive proper care.
The response of nurses to the call of their
country has been' magnificent. Dorothy Thomp
son estimates that of the 250,000 registered,
nursesjonly about 150,000 are eligible, that is,
are not over-age and "have no dependents.' Of
these 75,000 have volunteered. As Miss Thomp
son says:
I submit that in no other profession in our
population is there so high an average of the
volunteer spirit ; j
However, of these volunteers 43 per cent
were rejected, chiefly for physical reasons the
work of army nurses is so strenuous and taxing
that only those in the best of physical and men
tal vigor can be chosen. By diligence in re
cruiting it ought to be possible to obtain the
necessary number 4f new nurses for military
duty.
For 'nurses aides there isa desperate plea
that women who are eligible respond, take the
required course and then contribute their ser
viced fn hospitals. The particular need is for
women who can do daytime work in this ca
pacity; but all who can work are urged to en-
roll with the Red Cross for class instruction.
Here is an opportunity for women to do their
part in meeting community needs in wartime..
It is riot only art' opportunity; it is a real obli
. gat ion on all situated so they' can serve as
nurses' aides. . -
Hart Committee
Congressman Hatf of Jersey City has been
named as the new head of the house committee
on unAmerican activities, succeeding Martin
Dies, no longer in congress. The. Congress had
voted by an alliance1 of republicans and south
ern democrats to continue the committee whose .
demise had been freely forecast. Now it is made
a standing committee. , j 1
"There is a field for such a committee. The
Dies committee exposed a lot of subversive in
fluences which needed checking, The trouble
with it was its own bias and intolerance and
overdose of suspicion. With some subverters it
was over-gentle; in other cases it was not at all
discriminating in its judgment ! '
Hart is a new man for the committee. The
principal thing against him to start with is the '
city he comes from. ! A Jersey j City democrat
must be a minion of Mayor Hague, which is a
poor introduction. The country will just have
to see what use he makes of the power of his
committee, hoping for the best and fearing the
worst though he could- hardly be as bad at
Dies. t ' e - 1 1 v'
Wallace's Resolution I
Sen. Lew Wallace was peeved, when his own
resolution calling for a liquor investigation was
summarilv laid on the table. However his own
delay contributed to its fate. He let four days j nCOITIC TclX
go oy wunoui turning in nxs resoiuuuii, tuuu&u
two others were introduced ; and referred to
committee! With the committee report in and
the senate readyjto act Wallace could hardlyex
pect his own belated resolution to get attention.
Wallace did have pne point! inj his piece, and
that was to make the committee bi-partisan.
Lacking that the democrats will have an op
portunity to cry "whitewash." We do not ex
pect the investigation to turn up any new scan
dal; but the fanning of the subject will adver
tise it all over the state.; No one can tell where
one of these political prairie fires will stop. !
1 Nine Lives? ' - ' Lr! , - . '!..:
ATTJIS FRONTI V
Siedcd AAF jGroup
Tiles to Make; Its
IkrySfcElInd as Bat
Your Federal News Behind the News
Teen-Age Center
Some of the 'teen age group were proposing
a special "teen-age center?or themselves, the
idea being laid on the shelf, it was said, because
more 'girls than boys wanted to join.
With due sympathy for the desires of the
'teen-agers we question vlry much the wisdom
of a separate center for them, especially one not
under established auspices. The community is
maintaining youth activities quite generously
in YMCA, YWCA, churches, the former service
center on High street, as well as school-sponsored
activities. A center not under qualified
guidance might quickly-become a community
headache.- '
Besides there is too much disposition to exalt
the 'teen-agers as a "problem" or as a class. It
gives them a degree of self-inflation that' isn't
healtby. The present assumption of sophistica
tion by the bobby sox set and their 'teen-age
brothers is funny it should not be allowed to
become serious.
Editorial Comment
O. L BILL OF RIGHTS 4
It has remained for President Hutchins, of the
i University of Chicago, to point out a serious flaw
in the so-called GI Bill of Rights. In an article in:
Collier's Weekly, he intimated that for some of the
- CI's, the educational provision U merely "a method,
of keeping the veterans off the bread line." Be
cause1 the act guarantees free education to all vet
erans of 90 day service. President Hutchins declares
that it "threatens to demoralize education and de
fraud the veterans" by making of the colleges "ed
ucational hobo jungles." He contends that the act
should be amended so that only those veterans who
want and could get an education go to schooL "Edu
cation would not then be used as a substitute lor
the national program of public works." He points
out that the law provides free education up to a
-.maximum of four years, the length of schooling
depending on the veteran's length of service. Not
only do the veterans get free tuition, books, and
equipment but a subsistence allowance of from
; $50 to $75 a month. Hutchins charges that the au
thor -of the educational provision must have been
, aware that the monetary returns would be used by
many who are not qualified otherwise, to take on
' a college education. The .education they should
have, he says, & something that will get them jobs
and get , them quickly. He contends that of 150,000
' students who finished their school in bookkeeping
in the year of 1934, only 38,000 were absorbed by
industry and that only 5000 of 100,000 students who
graduated as Diesel engineers in the same year
; were hired. This, he points out has proved that";
' the GI Bill of Rights may provide vocational train
ing, but that it does not necessarily provide jobs.
Corvallis Gazette-Times.
A SIGNIFICANT ANNOUNCEMENT
Harold J. Turner, secretary of the Oregon Rail
roadl association, has made a public announcement
that the Oregon railroads will offer no formal oppo
sition to the so-called "big truck" bill due to come
again before the Oregon legislature. It will be the
' first, time in recent history that the clash between
the truck and rail interests is absent at the legis
. lature. -
The railroads do not disclaim an interest in the
. proposed legislation but are standing aside be
cause of the anti-trust proceedings brought against
, a group of the western railrbada by the government
The truck bill of course seeks to increase the legal
lengths of trucks from 50 to 60 feet and revise up
wards the formula by which maximum weights are
figured. ;, " '...v
The task of the legislators is plainly to study the
situation and act In the interest of the state's de
velopment and the businesses that provide the tax
base for the state;
It is not. improper for business to educate legis
lators on the effects of contemplated legislation.'
Legislatocs should be advised. But an impasse in
which there is no give and take in the public in
terest is what damns business Interests when they
go to the legislature. It will be interesting to see
how tlje members of the legislature tackle this
problem this year in the absence of an organized
fight. It will be the legislators insteid of the lobby
ists who get on the grill then if constructive legis
lation doesn't develop. Oregon City Enterprise. . s many. . .
While the landings at Lingayen gulf were
made without much loss, the convoy seems to
have been under quite heavy attack. ' Gen. Her
bert Lumsden, Churchill's personal representa-
tive to General MacArthur, was killed in a Jap
air attack while on the bridge of an American
warship. We hear very little of the damage done
our ships, but not all the Jap boasting was vain.
Our navy yards are kept quite busy patching
vessels damaged in action, chiefly from enemy
planes. '- ! ' !:.' I
j ' - ! f Ne. 11
1 .Farmer's Dednctions
j If you are a farmer you are,
I in general, entitled ; by law to
J deduct certain items of expense
iin arriving at net income for
I Federal normal tax and surtax
! purposes. What items you may
deduct thern. denends In nart on ' W",W!"n
the method you use 'in making
your return, and in part on spe-
cific provisions of law.
A. Expenses of Business
j Or Rental Property
I By special provisions of law
you may deduct in computing
I your adjusted gross Income to
I which the tax in the tax table
in the return applies, all -)
amounts expended (other than
those constituting capital expen-;
ditures) in the carrying on of
;y ou r business of farming for ;
: profit If you keep no books or
if you keep your records on the
i
I By PATJL MALLON : f j
(Distribution by King Features Syndicate, Inc. Reproduction In Whole
I or in part strictly prohibited.) " . I .
WASHINGTON, Jan 12 The i
republican champions of a work
ers draft act think Mr. Roosevelt
, was spoofing them when he ad
vocated it, in his annual message
to Congress. . .
New .York Rep. James W.
publicly was
quoted as say
ing the presi
dent would
have to measure
more than lip
service, or -he
would not" even
Introduce it a
gain. The other co
author.f Ver
monts Senator
Austin, has been
growling off
Mr
No ski trains this winter and no beach spe
cials next summer is the ukase of ODT. Even
the Oregon newspaper conference set for Feb
ruary has been cancelled becoming another war
casualty. If any one has any pet peeve, now
would be the time to get it abolished as a move
to win the war. I " j j
cash receipts
basis, these
should be
and disbursements j
business expenses !
entered in Form
The California assembly gave an early rebuke
to the pension-pushers. It defeated an amend
ment lifting the pension rate: to $60 a month,
and voted to continue at the $50 rate, f J "
Coming is the rototiller, a power machine that
plows, discs and harrows the field in one opera
tion. This, should make farming as pleasant
and easy as driving an automobile'.
Interpreting
The War News
By KIRKE L. SIMPSON
ASSOCIATED PRESS WAR ANALYST
Synchronizing with Moscow intimations that
complete capture of Budapest is very near, German
reports that a full scale red army attack has been
launched in southern Poland are credible.
Even In the absence of Russian confirmation of
those reports there has been much to indicate that
the long awaited main Russian winter offensive to
match! Allied pressure from the west was waiting
only on the fall of the Hungarian city. -;
, Meager German accounts of the Russian action
did not go beyond placing its scene in the Russian
Baranow bridgehead area west of the upper Vistula.
The last known Russian positions in that wide and
deep thrust beyond the river were within less than
40 miles of Krakow and only twice that distance
from German Silesia, rich in coal and iron. !
The Russian Baranow bulge seems the logical site
for first moves in an all-out Russian winter cam
paign to crack the center of the German eastern
defense lines. As, last indicated the north face of
the bulge reached westward to wRhin 20 miles or
so of the important road-rail hub city ofKielce
central Poland. It gave the Russians an east-west
front some 125 miles south of Warsaw, nearly 0
miles wide, as a base foif. northward flanking op
erations to turn the foe out of Vistula west bank
defenses. v f.- v - "' ;..' -
No Russian report on the situation on the Vistula ;
is to be expected in any case pending definite prog- I
ress. . Early Nazi accounts are confusing. They
assert first Russian attack waves were halted by I
massed fire yet later admit heavy fighting still in
progress in "peneration" areas. They included.no
place names, however, by which either the scope ;
of action or its direction could : be determined to
furnish some clue to Russian intentions if they have
struck; at least on the long dormant Polish front
That possibility cannot be ignored even if Mos
cow remains silent until the battle reaches a critl
. cal stage. . V 'l:-vM -1 .
Now that Allied forces have fully absorbed the
shock of the German counter-attack in Belgium i
and are grinding the foe back and inflicting losses. '
upon him he can ill afford it seems clear that a !
Russian major offensive on the Polish plains could -be
even more effective now than at some earlier
time. Coupled withf thef close . danger facing - the
Nad command in the Danube gap in the southeast
. it would tend to dry up the streami of reinforce- ,
ments or replacements for madly mauled German !
armies in the west ,
Quite aside fron? its strictly military significance,
the opening of a Russian offensive In Poland at this
time would tend also to Otherwise help American-British-Russian
relations." It would certainly les
sen suspicion on-either side of the Atlantic" that 5
Moscow is playing, a. lone hand in the Balkans to J
the detriment of the joint .war effort against Ger-
U040F, fSchedule of Farm In
i come and Expenses," which
should be filed along with form
1040 (the use of form 1040F is
' optional if you report income ;
on the -accrual basis). and the
resulting net farm profit should .
be included in the net profit :
ifrom all business properties.
I If you receive rental or roy
, j alty income from farms or other
properties which you own, you ;
: may 'also deduct, in computing
'your adjusted gross Income, the:
t taxes, .interest, insurance, depre-
ciation, J and other expenses
which are chargeable against
' the rental or royalty income.
You may likewise deduct, in
' computing adjusted gross ln-
' come, the allowable losses which i
you sustained from the sale or j
I exchange of property which was j
used either for business or for
; profit purposes. The computa
1 tion of gains or losses from such '
; transactions -should be shown in i
a separate form called "Schedule
ID (Form 1040)," which is a
"Schedule of Gains and Losses." i
j The total net gain or loss from
I capital assets should; be entered
on line ;l:of the schedule D on
j page 3 of the return, and the to
! tal net gain or loss' from non
capital or ordinary assets should
be entered on line 2 of the same
schedule. - ;
B.' Other Expenses
Expenses which are not al
lowable! deductions in computing
adjusted gross income may rep
resent expenses of .t investment
property (other than rental or
royalty : property), or expenses
Fan! Mallon
the;, record for
months that he was hoodwinked
when the president endorsed the
measure a : year ago and then
left the fght for, it to General
Marshall and Admiral King, who
could not swing congress then
and cannot now.
The common story thus has
sprung up that Mr. Roosevelt . is
i merely going. through the motions
of leadership on .the measure
because . it would be embarrass
ing for him to resist such an im
portant demand' from his army
and ,navy leaders, yet does not
; wish to push the matter to a
successful; conclusion because
of your living quarters and other
property Used for personal pur
poses. By "expenses of invest
ment property", is meant, ex
penses incurred in the produc
tion or collection of taxable in
come or n the management of
property $eid for the production
of taxable income . but not vsed
in farming or other business.
If you file Form 1040 anduse
, either the tax table or the sjtan-
' dard deduction, then you may
not deduct any of the expenses
referred ,to in the preceding
, paragraph, because you will re
ceive an allowance, in lieu of
such deductions. If, however,
you file Form 1040 and itemize
your deductions on page 4, then
you may deduct the expenses of
investment pperty along with
yo u r - allowable contributions,
medical expenses, taxes and- in
terest on home,' and miscellane
ous deductions. i
v The law does not allow deduc
tions for personal living or fam
ily expenses, (except medical
expenses), or for amounts paid
to acquire or increase the value
of property.
(To Be Continued'
the labor unions have been hitter
against it ', y . J j ...
He is just shoving a politically:
unpopular issue raised by, the
ormed services upon a congress
he knows will reject it they sus
pect, j 1 j
There may have been some
thing in this interpretation up to
now, but certain quite unmis
takable changes on the inside
have become apparent and some
surprises may be developing. An
outspoken senatorial opponent of
the worker's draft for Instance,
declined public comment on Mr.
Roosevelt's message, but private
ly said he had been so shocked
by recent developments on the
western; front (shortages)! he
believed; critical war conditions ,
had grown sufficiently bad to
justify the legislation, i j
Furthermore, the unions have,
gathered so much power - In the
last year that a question j has
arisen as to whether Mr. Roose
velt might not like to get a rein
on them himself. The legislation:
would give him a hold on! the
unions, i I !
People now laugh at the: politically-minded
unionist in! the
white house having such a
thought but talk about a possible
national coal strike in the spring
is being heard. Would not the
president like to use draft act
on John L. Lewis? More ardor
from the white house fori the
legislation is possible this year,
I think. , j
Inner workings on compulsory
military training are somewhat I
different Until a few weeks ago
there was no detectable oppo
sition to taking all youths IS to
21 into army camps for a year
as the war department was pro-1
posing. Then churchmen began to
dissent and now republican '
house leader Martin suggests it
would be a good ideal to wait ;
until peace. ; There are enough '
democrats of similar mind to
make a majority. . I I j . j
At . the moment it appears
quite possible congress will drag ;
out its committee discussions of
this" question as well I as! the
workers draft v . j
If it is delayed until peace,'
most people think it will be killed j
entirely. War enthusiasm jthen!
"will have cooled, in case the peace
is anything like Mr. Roosevelt's !
promises of how good it will be. j
This possibility, of killing all;
plans for military education of '
the youth seems to me to be as'
dangerous as the army , plan to
draft a year - of each youth's
life. Military subjects jean be
made compulsory in the schools
ana colleges without buiidmg a
- By Komney Wheeler !
(Substituting lot-Kenneth '
L. Dixon)
8TH AERFORCE BOMBER
BASE, Jan. 12-(ffKW J
make our boys blind as bats.
IX. CoL Earle Aber of Racine,
Wis, paused for his statement to
take effeet, and chuckled.
-Sounds silly," he said, "but it s
true. Their ' job is to see at
night . ' ' j, .
' Aber motioned toward a black
painted Liberator, one of several
on the field. "We are over Ger
many and occupied territory
nearly every night bombing the
enemy with leaflets- The squad
ron is the only American outfit
in this theater trained exclusive
ly for night operations and
those crews are "so adept they
can pin-point a crossroad On a
moonless night" I
The 8th air force disclosed: Oc
tober 28 the existence of the
"newsboy" squadron of Libera
tors and Fortresses, which has
carried on a leaflet-bomb war
against the nazis. It is probably
the busiest outfit in the Euro
pean theater, its pUots flying as
many as 20 missions a month: un
der conditions which would drive
most American airmen, to dis-
traction. '-. - ' j .
Most VS. heavy bombers fly
daylight missions in tight for
mation behind designated lead-'
ers; Aber's boys fly alone in; the
dark with not one, but five or
six targets to hit
The Fortresses carry ten, and;
the Liberators 12 massive card
board bombs, reach! crammed
with 80,000 leaflets and equip
ped with barometric detonators
which explode .the cylinders
GUIDEPOST
"THE YOUNG IDEA" t By Mossier ZXXlSi'ZSrSSXiZ-
. ' . . priving boys of a year of .'their
7e3 sae. Donna, Is there seme .are there many others?"
business' lives,, and. the national
guard can be expanded to the
efficiency of a real guard of the
nation without accepting a total
itarian youth system. j i
Yet these or any other jreal
democratic methods of future
national defense preparations for
youths are today unchamploned
by any authority in the admin
istration or In congress. The army
eventually may show sense
enough, to present a detailed
program along these democratic
lines, , ; A - I :
This brings, rut- to- another,
deeper phase of the-inner work
ings - behind these ; compulsion
programs. The army and navy
have now practically taken con
trol of domestic economics and
business. The businessmen who
have i left - the j war production
board formerly fought for civilian
supplies against army and ' navy
demands. Now the civilian in
terest remains ; practically un
represented directly, except by
an Inconsequential bureau, and
the' requirements of the armed
services are ' guiding economic
policies and decisions.!
This trend of army and navy
power in government wfil con
tinue to expand. . . , i ,
-LATIN AMEBIC Uf THK I FU
TURE WORLD," fcy Gnrfa Soole.
DirM Efroa ajid Monuut T. eM
(Farrar Riaehart; SXSS).
This is the reverse of the pop
ular picture of our southern '
.hemisphere as a land of roman
tic cowboys in wide sombreros,
of vast haciendas, gay fiestas,
strumming guitars, mantillas,
roguish black eyes. Soule, . Er
ron and Ness, are statisticians,
not artists. Their findings j are
appalling. Samples are semifeu
dal land ownership, peonage,
tuberculosis death rates 1 up to
10 times that of the U.S. In
some places one hospital bed
proportionately to every 2!t in
the U. a camp for 12,000 min
ers where not one house has an
individual toilet The authors
suggest what might be done! for
and by our "good neighbors'!' on
the wrong side of the railroad
tracks. r ; ; j .
"MANUAL : OT rHOTOGKAMMET
- KT - by Aacrieaa Society f Phe
tocruuMtrr PlUta; SSJ).j
Edited by P. G. McCurdy of
the U. S. Hyiu)graphic Office,
this is an exhaustive' survey of
the methods and postwar poten
tials 1 e s of - a comparatively
young science: measurements by
photographs. , Aerial photogram-
metry has been invaluable at
the fronts; the editors' call it the
"most accurate nd economical
method" for mapping the Ame
' ricas. It would be hard to be a
photogrammetrist without hav
ing this book; it would be hard
to do much with this book if
you were not a photogramme
trist - "V";
. : -. - - . , t . :- ..
: "THE SPIRIT OF RUSSIAN ECO
NOMICS, y 4. F. MrMM (John
. Bay; S2). .; ;j
Communist Russia i is funda
mentally a continuation of czar
Ist Russia, Normano ; maintains
in this timely and valuable book.
He recalls 19th century Russian
condemnation of America as a
backward capitalist state, notes
that old Russia imposed reforms
by force Just as new. Russia i
doing, argues that Russia has al
ways been interested In achiev
ing social freedom but indiffer
ent to individual freedom. A
full century ago, Russians pre
dicted that Moscow Would be
come the capital, that In 1940
Russi would be "at the head of
the civilized world . . accept
ing tribute of respect! and wor
ship from the entire civilized
mankind." I
about 1000 feet above their tar
gets. By allowing for wind drift,
. the crews are able to plaster an
area as small as a hamlet with
leaflets, Aber saysl , v
' Tactical leaflets include such
missions a s the squadron's
"bombing" of - Walcheren " Island
to warn residents to flee before
allied ; attacks, and the leaflet
shower of French' coastal areas
at d a w n on D-day, telling
Frenchmen of the invasion. Stra
tegic work is the j bombardment
of enemy cities and front lines
with news bulletins and safe con
duct passes for surrender.
"There have ' been numerous
close : shaves," Aber said, "but
only one plane has been lost thus
far by enemy action"
Recently a navigator brought
bis plane safely to! an allied air
field :i in France after suffering
severe leg wounds from flak over
the Belgian bulge, j 1
"He wouldn't give up or let us
give him dope to ease the pain,"
said the pilot, Lt John Majdick
of Oakland, Calif. "Our radio op
erator fixed a turniquet to stop
the flow of blood and he took us
within a few miles of an emer
gency j field before passing out
He's recovering now and on his
way home."
ERT
(Continued From Page 1).
$10 a day for 120 days and cuts
the pay in two.
Some states paj by the year.
California pays its legislators
$1200 a year, Nev York pays
$2500 a year and Massachusetts
pays $200 a biennium.
There is no Thyme or reason,
other than local history, for the
size- of legislatures. Nebraska's
one house has 43 members. Ne
vada, with the smallest popula
tion, appropriately has the small
est legislature with two houses,
17 senators and 40 representa
tives. How can one justify this
comparison: Texas the largest
'state, has 31 senators and 150
representatives, while New
Hampshire, one of j the smallest,
has 24 senators and 423 repre
sentatives? Rhode sland has 44
senators and 100 representatives.
' Connecticut with 38 senators
and 272 representatives seems to
be in the New England tradition
of a representative lor every
town! Massachusetts has 40 in the
senate and 240 in the house.
Georgia goes in for big legisla
tures, with 52 senators and 205
representatives. I
Assemblies too large become
Inefficient as well las expensive.
On the other hand j they do give
more of the people a lively sense
of participation in! government.
The making of laws is tradition
ally the highest expression of the
republican form ofj gavernment,
and membership in a legislative '
body is an honor which is greatly
cherished. ' - f
It were better L'. the general
public heaped less of abuse and
sprayed less of ridicule on legi
slatures, and put service in the
legislature on a higher plane of
dignity and consideration. Legi
slators themselves jought to de
mand the recognition due their
. offices - and make sure by eon
duct and action they merit such
recognition.
Peterson
ional
Gets-Post
Director JL L. Peterson, state
agricultural department rriday
was. advised of his appointment
as chairman of the standing com
asittee on animal industry for the
National Association of Commis
ioners, Secretaries jand Directors
of Agriculture. - v .
The Oregon directox has taken
an active interest la matters re
lating to the livestock industry
and is now serving as president
of the Western Agricultural Di
rectors association j and the ex
ecutive committee of the national
association. - j -
Eraeeleta
.... Earrlags "
. Waxs ; 1
. cap. :";
Pins . - t M -
- WATOIES " .
JEWELRY -
Stevens & Son has an
outstanding selection of
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youii find many, many
pieces to add R sparkling
cn u your costume
. for daytime and evening
wear.
Credit If Desired!
Diamonds
. Re-set
Whila Tor
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te P. M.
Not Open
Saturday
! NighU -