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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 8, 1929)
PAGE FOUR TrW CTATISTlAiT, galea. "No Favor Sways Us; No Fear ShaU Axce Ekv From First Statesman, March 28, 1831 U THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING CO. m i? Charles A. Spkague, Sheldon F. Sackett. Publukera Charles A. Sfr&gue - - . Editor-Manager Sheldon F. Sackett - - Managing Editor Member of the Associated Press 1 The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for publication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper. Entered at the Pest off ice at Salens, Oregon, a Second-Class Matter. . Published every morning except Monday. Busineu office SIS S. Commercial Street. Pacific Coast Advertising Representatives: - Arthur W. Stypss, Ine, Portland, Security Bldg. San Francisco, Sharon Bldg.; Los Angeles, W. Pac. Bldg. Eastern Advertising Representatives r . Ford-Parsons-Stecher, Inc., New York, 271 Madison Ave.; Chicago, 350 N. Michigan Ave. nr u Willamette Free of Pollution THE septic tank salesmen are reports so far made by the stream pollution in the Willamette valley. The bass Iisner men will find their kick about ing badly blunted. The engineers, headed by Dean Harry S. Rogers of the state college, have found there is a great abundance of oxygen in the water, which is one of the most important tests. They are working down stream after start ing at headwaters near Cottage Grove. Above Albany the oxygen measured 9 parts to a million parts of water; below Albany the test showed 8.7 parts of oxygen. When it is con sidered that in water with 2 parts oxygen fish life is fully sustained, it is seen that the is Pretty much bunk. No report has been made yet on the baccflli count be cause that must be done in laboratory and not in the field. That is an important factor in determining water contami nation. For years the cities along threatened with legislation or regulation forbidding their . running sewage into the river. The costs of modern disposal plants are enormous and the cities rebelled at what they feared would be back-breaking bond issues. The preliminary results of this scientific study are therefore reassuring to city officials at Eugene, Corvallis and Albany, because they think they will now escape any compulsory process to install septic tanks. The situation so far as Salem is concerned awaits further report; but it is not probable that the water here will test much different than just below Albany because of the entrance of the large volume of the Santiam at Jefferson. How Albany feels about it is indicated in the following comment in the Albany Democrat-Herald : "The findings of the- oxygen test, however, will be good news to Albany, which was facing the necessity of expending a vast sum of, money, a sum somewhere between $250,000 and 1500,000 if the sur vey should disclose a puliation saturation to the point where it en dangered fish life. Medical experts. Idealists and sportsmen were combining in a movement to require the Willamette valley cities and towns to close the mouths of their sewers and run their sewage through purification plants before dumping It Into the river. No doubt, too. they would succeed, if the survey should afford them a peg on which to hang their cause, for to such organizations the lives of a few bass, carp and catfish are more valuable than the backs of human taxpayers. But when the survey shows that above and below Albany the Willamette river water Is saturated with oxygen Instead of pollution, these Don Quixotes do not have much of a case. We should say that tk? expenditure of such a vast sum of money as would be necessary to connect' Albany's widely separated eight or nine sewers along a front of several miles would be 111 advised, should serious sewage pollution be discovered." Unrest Over the Tariff CITING the conflicting demands on congress with regard to tariff schedules and the opposing interests of differ ent industries and classes, the Oregonian comments: These new forces have done much to wipe out the old line di viding the high and low tariff parties a line which was already much blurred. Some republicans and democrats continue to fight the tariff battle oh that old line, but on every issue regarding a par ticular industry there are likely to be members of both parties on both sides. The difficulty of passing a blU through the senate, then of bringing senate and house into agreement, will be greatly Increas ed, with a possibility that, if they should agree, the bill may be such that President Hoover cannot approve it. This would be caused by the increased complexity of the tariff problem since the United States has begun to export manufactures by the millions of dollars in com petition with the great manufacturing nations. It is indeed a bewildering situation. Happy are those like Congressman Hawley whose naive faith in the virtues of a protective tariff is not disturbed'by the great economic shifts of the past two decades. Those whose mind-set was fixed in the great McKinley-Hanna days of 1896 and 1897, still cling to the protective tariff as the ark of the covenant. The tariff and the tariff alone have brought prosperity to America. Here is Senator Moses from New Hampshire, long ben eficiary of protection. He protests that increases in tariff on foodstuffs to benefit the farmer will increase living costs in the industrial east; so he opposes the increase on farm ." products. Here is Senator Brookhart howling that increases on manufactures more than take away the benefits which the new tariff promised the farmer. ' .One thing is clear that in the welter of diverse demands and the confusion of ideas, the chances are slim for a con structive tariff to be enacted. The prevailing dissatisfaction with methods of tariff making cause the people to lose faith in its virtue, as well as in the virtue of its makers. The Ore gonian hints that the final draft of the tariff may be un worthy of presidential approval. Its comments and the gen eral unrest over the tariff situation support the position tak en by The Statesman that it is time for a. revision of the traditional attitude toward the tariff in the light of changed conditions, notably the shift from a debtor, to a creditor nation. Bridles of Newsprint fXNCE again the newspapers are "harnessing the Colum- J bia." This old river is threatened with saddle and bridle JTT-S3fenbut it still goes unvexed to the sea. The water is there?" tfte fall is there. . The money isn't. The money isn't because the demand for the product isn't. Time to come the Columbia will probably be harnessed, but when it is, it will be harnessed by corporations that know just what they are about, or by the government, not by the newspapers. ' One such development is fairly in prospect at Bock Isl and, below Wenatchee, where the Puget Sound Power and Light company announces it will put in a power development. Farther, down the river is Priest Rapids. Numerous filings have been made on this power site, and considerable money has been spent on engineering work. But all the ventures have fallen through because the demand for power was not in sight. That is all that holds back the Umatnia rapids pick ject or others on the river. There must be an assured mar ket for the power at compensatory rates before capital will be available for the great outlay involved. Recently new organization was formed to exploit the Grand Coulee development on the Columbia above Wenatchee. There is virtually nothing such a booster club can do because millions are not expended on booster club resolutions. CoL Hurfi Cooper of "Keokuk dam fame, tried to promote this Grand Coulee project years ago in connection with the Co lumbia Basin irrigation project but engineers turned it down. Cooner for a ; long time had O'Reille river at Box canyon developed them because he lacked the market for the power. - Power development and go hand in hand. The northwest nas the potential par; getting quite a jolt in the engineers who are studying destroying the river for fish agitation about river pollution the Willamette have been power nghts up on the Fend and 7 canyon, but he never industrial development have to Another Amazing Endurance r HCW KEr Ay I GOMG UKB t DO I J? and decade by decade it will be utilized. It is very good for newspapers o exploit these resources from time to time to acquaint local people and the world of the magnitude of this reservoir of power that is available ; but type and newsprint will not of themselves bridle the "white horses" of our rivers. BITS for BREAKFAST -By R. J. HENDRICKS The Bits man agrees - . With George Putnam In moat of what he said in a couple of re cent editorials in the Capital Journal barring his flings at prohibition enforcement officials and the movement directed along the right lines to make prisons self supporting. S The Baumes law principle la not the correct one, but It is per haps the best that can be had for a time In the way of providing for the detention of "habitual criminals". 'The Bits man be lieves .along with every student of penology, in indeterminate sentences absolutely. It is wrong to deal out prison terms like administering pills; so many years for this, that or the other offense with different Judges like different doctors giving more or less; some of them double or quadruple doses as compared with the homeopathic prescrip tions of others. . li There should always be hope held before every person convict ed Jbt crime whatever the crime. Tne time or service snoum de pend upon reformation; or ability to become a self supporting and useful member of society. And this should be left to men who are competent to judge and give wise decisions. Principally, It should be left to the men who have charge of the prisons, and these should be fitted for form ing Just conclusions. S Our schools of higher learning should have courses In penology and criminology, and no man or woman not understanding the rules of these sciences should be employed to administer the laws against crime from the consta ble or policeman to the men in charge of the prisons and reform atories and those sitting on the benches of the judges, from the lowest to the occupants of the places on the supreme courts. S W But there is no good reason why prisons should not be self supporting. The highest class one in the United States, at Still water, Minn., is self supporting. And it teaches trades. And It teaches the school branches. And it pays wages to all who work, giving the means to keep families together on the outside, or for those without families to 'have stakes upon release. This makes for reformation. The Bits man believes employment Is the basie principle of reformation. All other rules revolve around this. The revolving fund law of the Oregon state penitentiary was copied largely from that of Min nesota, it is working towards the point of self support, and In dustrial training and education and wages for all Inmate. It has a better basts than that of If tune, sota, because the principal raw product, flax, la grown here at home, while those for the Still water Institution, alsal and man. Ha hemp, tor making hinder twine gad rope, come from Mex ico and the Philippines. But the Stillwater prison turns out farm macninery and implements;- too. and other manufactures. So does the Oregon prison, including ag. ricuiturai time, nas pumnr ana scutching machines, etc., adthis list is capable ef being much ex tended, aad no doubt will be much extended In time. w W -The Stillwater prison started off with a huge appro priation and a still larger credit hj Ue state) Cor the par. rr J JT chase of raw materials, etc. The Oregon prison is now making its own way, and will be able to come to full support in a few years, from earnings, besides pro viding the large capital required to equip and carry on Its indus tries two, three or four or more million dollars. S V The Oregon prison should have a new site, with at least 1500 acres of good land, and with buildings arranged to make It comparable to a large factory operation; or an Industrial city. This could all be provided now, from the money secured from the sale of the present property, that is In tne city limits of salem, to. gether with a loan of money like that secured for the new state of fice building m And without any appropriation whatever from the general taxes. That is to say. the prison, under competent management, under the present revolving fund law, is capable of providing itself with an adequate plant and ample equipment of the best type, and at the same time grow into full self support, with only the,usual appropriations' for maintenance for the next three or four or five years. And very soon thereafter to go onto a system under which every worser would get a wage, I . . . . -f oua every one migat iearn a trade and have schooling. S Of course, an absolutely Inde terminate sentence system would result in keeping some prisoners all their lives short or long. But in none would the encouragement of hope be cut off. There would always be' the chance for reform; for a prisoner to fit himself for the duties and responsibilities of law abiding citizenship. The "hitch" would be taboo. There would be no one year or two year or other hitch, to be repeated by second time or third time losers, and then extended for life by fourth time losers . "k But the number of habitual criminals, or men so called. In proportion to the whole number, is small. It la -not more than 15 per cent in Minnesota; and it will grow smaller with all the rules of modem penology practiced. There are no "natural born" criminals, excepting the physical, ly handicapped in wrong environ ments. A person with very low mentality, if constantly surround ed by good influences,. wUl be law abiding. If in a bad environ ment, he is very likely to commit crime. The habitual criminal is gen. orally of low mentality. There are practically no second time losers among men convicted of manslaughter, or even of murder In the second degree. They are usually men who under different environment would not have been given the temptation te become killers. They are the most trust worthy of aH prisoners, as a class. - Oregon Is among the low states In prison population per capita. It win grow more so. with the proper handling of the lnstltn. Uoa for the feeble minded, and the working out of the Industrial and reformatory system, with an that wUl follow, under the re volving fund law." And, while that Is not the mala tad, this will relieve the general taxpayer wholly and for all time from the support of the Oregon peniten tiary. And It wul save a larger aggregate to the general public In the reduction of - losses - and charge through crime,' that ex Record r mi tend la one way and another to every family and each Individual: for the innocent suffer more than the guilty from this burden. which Is at the same time the greatest heartache and the larg est expense or any one thing in this country, and in most ite not au other countries. Harvest Halts Grange Meeting Until October McCOT. August 7 The McCoy grange win have no more meet ings nntll October because of har vest. The meetings do mot have a large attendance when all the farmers are so busy with harvest ing their crops. Ml Hh Freinidhi M. Buff Morrison Masonic Temple Ten Years Later XU TV foltovin article y ml Sleek, a Gtxmaa ampaptr writer m prMai a t vrui pt e ttrmn i Hit sat at tk Tvrte -tiatioos tfcia yra. pper4 neeatlr i tW Brliaw TUt. It wsa limUV c a4 MBal te this etrr fcr tta Urine Ag bA U a iatnMtiag state nt of Garaua epfaioa "tea years 1 ter.1 Editor. It Is cooler today than it was on that May morning In Versailles, ten years ago. when we were wait ing la the Hotel dee Reservoirs for the officer who was going to take us through the park to the Trianon. The tops of the trees were waving fresh and green in the warm sunlight and the grass waa dotted with bright clumps of spring flowers. On a balcony on the other side of the park fence that we. were passing a brightly colored bird was chirping in aig cage. The world looked so young and lovely that it seemed as if we were going to a wedding and not to a funeral. But In spite of the politeness of our cheerful military attendant we were in the depths of despair, for we knew that in the next few hours Germany's freedom would be dead and buried. What will become of us?' one of us Inquired in a low voice as wo passed the singing bird In his cage, and someone else answered bitterly, 'We shall be like that bird None of us will ever forget the next hour we passed in the Tria non. Around a big horseshoe ta ble sat the delegates, tforae gatly bedecked la guttering uniforms, others attired in elegant frock eoata. Europe, Asia, and America were there; white faces and black and yellow heads, patriarchal beards, smoothly- shaven profiles It waa an assembly represents lire of the entire world, the en tire world ranged against Ger many Polite greetings, cordial hand shakes, and a victorious air of triumph, particularly among the representatives of the little na tions, which hoped to increase their statures today. In the mid dle sat the Big Three Wilson, Lloyd George, and Clemenceau. In the dim gray light they looked like the judges of the dead in Hades Eacua, Minos, and Rha- damanthus. But they were not judges of the dead; they were pre sumptuous lawgivers to the living and the arbiters of a living na tion's destiny. At that time the German world was not aware of the political discord that prevailed among these three men. To b sure, there were hints and rumors of the fact that we know so well today that Clemenceau had to fight hard to get his demands and that the other Allied leaders bowed to his brutal will reluctant ly, and that la spite of their ap parent unity certain psychological differences could be recognized even on that fatal 7th of May. Lloyd George comported himself cheerfully and Jovially; Wilson was stiff and uneasy, while Cle menceau sat In the middle look ing stern and unbending. I shall TTr Y welcome juegi and Auxiliary Member Put in Their i Smart Appearance MODELS suggesting every subtle new detail of the important fall season! The new Prin cess silhouette that is taking; the country by storm. The longer skirt. Satin frocks of con trasting colors. A remarkable group at one price. always remember him sitting there with hie hands, in heavy gray gloves, planted on the table as he said, The hour for the great reckoning Is at hand. But, before he said this, the German delegates had been led In to the room and the entire assem bly roe to greet them as they rook their appointed places at the horseshoe table. It was a superb show. Six Germans against the world and outside all the way from the sunny park of Versailles to the banks of the Rhino victor Ions armies and. threatening can non. What happened In the bitter weeks that followed is history. And we kept remembering that, in spite "of all agonizing sorrow and burning shame that we few Germans were suffering In Ver sailles, we were far better off than the starving and miserable folk at home. Our dally labors occu pied our minds entirely. We for got the darkness that lay behind us and most of us were consoled by an optimistic hope that It was not possible for Germany to go under completely. The few opportunities that we had to talk unofficially with everyday people strengthened this hope. The Germans in Versailles were fenced oft from the French population as it they were a tribe of cannibals being exhibited to civilised Europeans. Wherever we went officers and police ac companied as. and only on rare occasions. when we walked through the park at Saint Cloud, were we able to see the promised land of Paris in the distance. Even so, they could not prevent us dur ing our dally walks from meeting workers or members of the middle class who were not politicians or police, but simple men like our- h selves. Much hatred, much mis understanding, many tears and objurgations sti.ll separated France and Germany, but men of good will felt a desire to under stand each other. Only when the French Press considered it neces sary to inflame public opinion against the vanquished and to ap ply pressure did it seem as if the fury of the War still lived on. We had a taste of this one evening when the citizens of Paris were informed that negotiations had been broken off and that the Ger man delegation whs going home. On that occasion, the doors of our hotel had to be bolted in the face of a howling mob, while we were hurriedly escorted to another ho tel reserved for us, bombarded on the way by beer-pads and accom panied by the threats and execra tions of harmless waitresses. But that evening was an excep tion. There were also pleasant experiences which showed that our late enemies felt a spontan eous respect for ns. I do not know whether It has already been related elsewhere, but It will do no harm to repeat once more the story of how half a dozen German journalists put the ribbon of the Iron Cross in their buttonholes onnairess mm 75 tSE(Dp Just hefore the Peace Treaty was signed, under the very eyes of the Allied officers. Thy had been ir ritated and their nerves were on edge at having been surrounded so long by the uniforms of the victors and the trappings of war for every mUitary color from' khaki to horizon blue was bem; worn. Finally, one of theonrca! ists, a Socialist, remarkeWthat ha regretted that he had lemhis Iroa Cross in Germany. But another one ef them had a black and white ribbon in his pocket which he cut into half a dozen pieces and di tributed. The French officer 1;i charge loosed astonished. Ever one laughed at these decorat Oils, j Irvw 1 UH-t 1 Tne uermans, however, d themselves up and, at a o wuiu ui cuiuuiauu, iiuck mem m ; their buttonholes. The French man raised his fingers to his head and saluted the enemy's Insignia. Usually I lay small store by the bright trappings of war and, fur thermore. I was long past the mil itary age, but this scene at t! signing of the Versailles Treaty pleased me enormously. At such a time it was more than a naive demonstration. Ten years have now passed and the once forbidden city of Paris is trow swarming with a peaceful German invasion and the unde livered speech of Count Brock-dorff-Rantzau is a leading article in the Berliner Tageblatt. The speech la an historical document of lasting importance. It is tii work of a great statesman and it expresses the opinions and desires that one of the best men in Ger many felt ten years ago. It is a vain task now to inquire whether things would have been different If the government had followed Brockdorff-Rantzau's wishes and refused to ratify the Versailles Treaty. The entire German peo ple now stands united behind this decision, but it was cot united in 1919. In all the dire distress that followed the signing of the Treaty at least one thing was preserved that otherwise would have fallen asunder the German nation. We have had to fight so hard In the past ten years and we still hare so much to bear that our progress remains slow. The journey from the Trianon to the Hotel Georges V in Paris has been a way of the Cross with many stations, but we live, we work, and we have the right to hope that through our work we can attain freedom once again, for time is working with us. In his preface to Tardieu's book. La Paix, Clemenceau de scribes an incident at the begin ning of the peace negotiations that roused the choleric old man to a raging fury. Just as the ne gotiations had begun, a German delegate dared to say in the pres ence of the Allies that they must not allow the sickness of victory to Infect any debate. 'The con ference vras not broken up!' thun dered Clemenceau. ''The. delirious brute T.'as not even asked to apol ogize.' If a Frenchman were to address a German representative in such terms today, he would not only have the whole world against (Continued on Pa IS.) 1.15 N. High Su n It