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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 13, 1919)
Ihe Willamette; Valley Is the Best Walnut Conntry m: the World, ! ' " ana oalem JLs and Is to be the .'Center of the Industry of This States All EXHAUSTIVE STUDY OF THE WALNUT INDUSTRY AS THE ACTUAL EXPERIENCES OF S0K OF OUR WALNUT CROVERS ' APPLIED TO OREGON CONDITIONS (The following exhaustive treatise in walnut wag written by Knight Pearry. secretary of the Western V.'alnut association, who for the last Is iearg has been developing Sky line orchards, a 200-acre walnut and prade property in the Liberty dis trict, Mr. Pearcy with his broth ers, all Oregon Agricultural college graduates who have had a wide or ciarSigg experience, have recently orsaplzed a -business in Salem aa Pearcy Bros., in contracting the planitng andcaje of orchards, reno vating orchard s'-tb'aitrare not paying, and j selling fruit, nut and berry properties: ) T&e United States annually im port between 4 5,0OO.0vO and 55, 000,000 pound of English walnuts These come largely from France, Spaia. Italy and China, j the latter country selling us some 7,000,000 pounds of the so-called Manchurian walnuts. California - produces be tween - 20,000.000 and . 33,000,000 poudds annually. Pe:haps 75,000 pounds of Oregon walnuts reached oommercial channols in 1917 and 00,000 pounds in 1318. The three Pacific coast states are the Only ones in the United States thatcan produce walnuts commerci ally,' California - has ia , bearing about 35,00 acres, with 20,000 acre non-bearing ; Oregon , probably has! in the neighborhood of 8000 acres, 70 per cent of which is six years old or older and which is of ir f.i r&t into thn heat-in c rnU UJV ..J)- C umri - Washington has between 300 325 acres of this nut. x . Yamhill county is the leading Ore gon bounty ia respect to walnut acre- age. total having about 50 per cent 01 the of the state. Marlon is second with! over 1000 acres, and Polk county third. Perhaps ,25 per, cent of tike acreage of the state will never yield commercial crops and another 23 percent will never reach over 50 per cent f the average of the other half of the orchards. Many causes contjrlbnt a to this condition, among tbeia being improper varieties, such as $anta Barbara soft shell seed lingjs, poorly chosen - orchard sites and; lack of proper care in develop ing jthe orchard, r : Growers of few other i orchard crops have as little cause for worry on the ! subjects of over-production and severe -competition as have the walnut growers., Consumption; of outs is increasing rapidly in Ameri ca, and - will - undoubtedly continue to "increase- as meat becomes' higher fei price and as the tendency to re gard nuts as , staple foods instead f luxuries, spreads. Importations will tot be likely to increase materi ally. Production in this country is limited to certain favored areas of the three Pacific coast states.. The almond, pecan, filbert and . peanut will be the walnut's most serious Competitors a decade from-now. f Limiting Factors. While the walnut can be auccess fully grown in every Oregon county west of the Cascades, yet there are only limited areas ia each of these counties where maximum results can be expected. The selection! of a site for a' walnut orchard requires more Judgment than does , that of most other orchard. ,; Frost ia perhaps the most impor tant limiting factor in this state. Locations subject to late spring and early frosts should be avoided. The heavy, frost that hit the valley in September,. 1816, costtnose grow- era who did not have kood air drain- age two crops of nuts.; It froze most of the nuts onthe trtee at the time and injured the fruiting buda for ths fbllowlng 4M5ason to the extent that there was a very light crop la 1S17. , Other orchard located with due respect to air drainage were nn Injnrad. It is because of the better front protection of the hills that the bulk lot the plantings of the state are there located. The walnut will iMjdutje heavy freezes while dor mant,j but when it once starts 10 gro ; it is ve:y sensitive to extreme told, j - The French stiains of walnuts only should be planted! in this state they aro late in rtarting to grow and accordingly miss most, of the frostsi, The Santa Barbara, or Cali fornia soft shell types, should not be planted here as they bloom too early.) Varieties that bloom during the first half of May seem to do the best finder Oregon conditions. Depth of soil is a factor to be HOTEL MANON SALEM, 0RE(GQN Tic Largest and Host Com; Peie Hostelry in Oregon Out . of Portland G!LE MERCANTILE CO. jCotnc'r Trade and High Streets ! i "Wkolesale G?cccry Specialties, Fruit ! t". -I n itr-'-'i 1 t-y t';' I Produce, etc more considered in the hills than along the river bottoms. The deeper the soil the better. Five or six feet at least above rock, and perhaps a little less above soapstone should be demanded. The walnut grows to be a very large tree and its roots spread far and deep. Being a heavy feeder it does best on fairly rich, well drained land that is retentive f moisture. In such "conditions It will grow a large tree with much bear ing surface that will come into heavy bearing at an early age. The river bottoms and the well drained clay loams would te the ideal soils for walnut culture were It not for frost danger. Because of the frosts, how ever, we are forced to consider the hill locations. In the hills one must choose i between the cleared lands and the timbered ones. Tha former are usually low ia organic matter, easily dried out by the winds that are usually, prevalent ia such locali ties and produce a slower growing tree and a smaller tree than can be had in valley conditions and one that conies into heavy bearing at a later age, since a large beartn? surface is- necessary before heavy bearing can take place. Where tim ber is standing on hill land that is otherwise good orchard land : it is usually held, at nearly the same price as" adjoining, farmed out and cleared land is, hence it costs as much as the cleared stuff, plus the Cost of clearing; which puts Ihe in itial cost of the land rather high. In the writer's mind the ideal walnut locations in the Salem coun try are newly cleared red hill lands, that have enough lope to , insure water and air drainage, ; but a not enough to make cultivation difficult or to encourage washing 1 by the heavy winter rains. We know of one orchard with conditions much like these that yielded 2 5 pounds of nets per tree when nine years old, ; ' , The ,, walnut will not stand "wet feet." Even in the draws and little water cenrses to the hills, whero the draws themselves have considerable slope, we have noticed that ihe. nut trees do poorly.;, A high water table, even la winter time. Is unde sirable. It Is on poorly drained soils that "dieback". is most com- - . . . . . . - . - a considerable---'mstance, mucn as though they had been killed by frost, and . is often confused with frost injury.. Wet soils prevent air from entering the ground, which binders 1 spring foliation: ; Proper absorption, of water and plant foods will not take place unless there is a certain amount of air in the soil about the roots. When the soil is waterlogged the water Is transpired more" rapidly from the uppar part of tho tree than it in absorbed by the roots. Tb? Inner ; parts cf the tree get first chance at the water and the tips get. what is left, and as a consequence many of them die back because of insufficient water. Seedling or Grafted Trees. , One will hear bitter discussions as to the comparative merits of the grafted and seedling treei. One man would have nothing but seed lings and another would grub out any aeedliags that happened to be on his place and replace them with grarted trees, r Men who make radi cal statements of this -nature will usually be found to have acquired 11 their knowledge of nut growing withla the narrow coafiaes of f hoir nwn farms. The older orchards of the state, many of which are averaging around 800 pounds per acre, and whose per formances have inspired the planting of some 8000 acres in Oregon,-are all seedling trees. They are pay ing good profits on their invest ments and most certainly Bhould not ho rnhhed oat. The objection to I the seedllns orchard is that its trees show too much variation m ej resDect. No two trees in the plant ing will leaf out at the same time. nor will they proauce ouc nuts nor the same shaped ones. Standard grades ye ; t the market in all kinds of fruity and variation ia shape, color or size is taxed. A box or pys . . - of fewtons may e worth $3 each, out make up a box of a mixture of these and U will nor mil for naif the abova price. Jnrt so. only to a lesser degree, with market will pay a premium for uni form products. ... About -sS .per cent of the older .. latrlrt lire frees in me uuuuw worthless, commercially, some of them because they come out too late to mature a nut, omers ovvu -w w . . . 1.. trot frosted come out 100 and others because me small or too poorly sealed or blight ?or7 badly. To bring an orchard of lh?s Wnd to its maximum production grafting ill to be resorted to. vVhlle the seedling trees are still tho rv earlv and the very rlons from desiraDie irerB. fTm a Franquette that blooms in tr0 ZT rrnttrd onto a tardy Klff ttatifiT out the Fourth . m ..i il. tarrlv 'One Will ? JU7 the normal Vnrannuette ou. As the orebard comes into bearing the indlvidua l should be carefully obrved .,1. nrmlnir fruit that ten "2 ZnS: rhartctea should be UUUW"',"V w"r" 4 , tn eliminate the ..1 nwn from th? dairy herd vs to ctiiminate the ?'a irM in the seodling or- .... r,. ,1.. i .uiilnir orchard is a I vvnue Lin . BOo-pnylny-lnvetni.- aa we have fwSated. still the grafted one n- Mh "Ki lZ Z Z aW large, fin liking trees. yX," the root system, which is is so superior in so many ways that we would never think, of planting seedling trees. s " , , ' .InVis . Grafted trees cost more and are worth more. The grafted orchard wiil have uniformity in all its char acters. The nuts will be quite uni form in size and shape and the trees will bloom at approximately the same time, and will shed their nuts in the autumn at the same time. All the trees will come into bearing within a few years of each other, while, in the seedling orchard one tree may commence bearing at six years and its neighbor not until 15 years of age. However, the mere fact that, a tree is a grafted one will not insure its crop as being of good size or shape, nor will it necessarily Insure that the tree wiil come into bearing young. These characters are altogether dependent upon the parentage of the cion with which the graft was made. If the clons were taken from a Mayette the re sulting tree will be Mayettes and will show all the characters of that variety. If, on the other hand, thev are taken from a seedling that had leaved out in July, the grafted trees resulting therefrom w-jnld likewise leaf out in that month. ... I is not the mere grafting that will improv the character of ja tree, but instead, the introduction of ctona from trees having superior qualities that n.ay result in Improvement. I Nursery grarted trees are usually grown on California black walnut roots. The black seedlings are grown for two years in the nursery, being crowded into heavy growth by con stant cultivation. The eeedlings are grafted at the beginning of their third year, Nursey grafting the walnut is a more difficult operation than is ordinary nursery grafting, and the percentage of success is much leas, running ordinarily from C5 to perhaps 80 per cent. The trees that grow from these first grafts ar dug In the fall, when their tops are one yaar old and the root three years old. Those trees that failed to set grafts are kept ia the nursery another year,, when they are re grafted, y These old roots, of course, result in a very vigorous growth with the result that the nursery c id uii'tu acu icswri. iiiiBTU ur 11 ia iit"r. four years old by this time, is like wise very large and much of it is left in the ground in digging, hence the; tree is givea mere of a shock In transplanting to tre orchard. The stub of the seedl:us; which is grafted at the end of the third year is like vise much larger than it was whea the first attempt to graft was made. She walnut is" very subject to heart rots, and these large etubs naturally heal ov-sr more slowly than do the smaller ones, bene- effering more of a-chance fors heart rot tun pi to obtain entrance into t'us tree. We have received some trees from the nursery with exposed stabs two inches -In diameter, v whil others have beea completely healed over in the nursery. The latter type in variably are the smaller trees with Smaller rojt systems. . For these rraon we would advise against buyins trees merely be;aus they are extremely: iarge, but instead would demand those worked .t-n wo yea--old rootK. if It were possible to 4uy trees worked on year-old rnna. as ar -prunos.- we would prefer Kuih trees, but none are on th -warlft. The Ideal Iree would, be a budded one in which the bnd was placed a fool or so above th level of the ground. Reasons for this are dis cussed under the 'topic of diseases. Varieties. , The Franquette Is the leading grafted variety in the state.. It is probably the most desirable of any of the varieties generally planted at present a is certainly the most thoroughly, tried out. t It is a very handsome ant of the highest quality. It will produce scattering nuts as young as three or four yeara. but cannot hv expected to do anything cmiaerclally until the seventh or eighth year, or often the ninth year. where all conditions have not been the most favorable. This variety, while f probably the most desirable that we now have, is not an ideal one for our conauions. . 11 oiisnm a little too much, does nt yield quite as heavily as we would like, and does not come into .bearing soon enough, . The Mayette ia second in popular ity. It has not beea tried out a extensively as has the Franquette. Further trial may rank It ahead or the Franquette. It. is' possible that there are several strains of this variety being propagatea, somo be ing superior to the others, since con flicting reports as to th merits Sof the variety are heard. I ' Meylan is a pretty nut that H be ing planted somewhat, especially by those that feel that another variety should be planted with the Fran quette for pollination purposes. It is- a heavy producer of pollen and sheds its pollen . at the time the Franquette pistillate flowers are out. It is said to be a hard tree to nursery graft. Clady is a large, rough nut that is irtanted some. U is not a particu larly desirable one, as it has a ten dency to bear in clusters and the site of the nuts is not uniform. Probably 93 per cent of the graft ed trees planted In the state during the past Fix years are Franquetles. None of the above mentioned var ieties was originated In this state, the Mayette and Franquette being old French varieties. Just as grow ers of Oregon produced a -cherry I and a gooseberry better suited to - - r t k - 1 1 A. Young Grafted Walnut Tree in WALNUTS AND WEALTH By S. II. Van Trump, County Fruit Inspector (Written for Oregon Statesman.) j ... f Sunshine and soil are becoming Intensely valuable la the Willam ette valley. More and more as the years roll by are we going to seek out those congenial rural Industries whereby man can make a gcod living out of aa ever-decreasing area of the earth's surface. - Ten or 15 acres of the soil or this valley, whn wisely ptnnted nd In dustriously tilled, ought to sustain' the average family la comfort, even In luxury. -,,, I know of no horticultural enter prise op-a to the young or middle aged planter that promises better for the future than an orchard of English walnuts. -, - The walnut is at present easily the most popular nut ia the markets of this country; some dealers re porting aggregate sales of ten times as many walnuts aa all other nuts together. During the year 1915 more than forty million pounds of walnuts wiere imported Into this country. Importations have continued to in crease from ' year to year, and. not withstanding greatly Increased home production, all are consumed, and prices continue- to advance. Thirty smd forty years ago millions of pounds of native nuts were o:tduced in the United States. Especially abundant were these snj'plles in the eastern, northern and middle west ern states. -, v Within recent years the nut for ests have practically: ail been cut down and the soil brought into agri cultural tillage. Many of the chest nut groves of the Atlantic coast have been destroyed by chestnut blight. Bat the demand of the American consumer of auts has not abated, and that demand; a constantly grow ing one,- mut - be largely supplied from the cultivated nut groves of the Pacific coast At present we have wore than 1000 acres planted to English wal nuts in Marion county. ... : This acreage dos not include the numerous plantings, and. in the ag gregate, very considerable . acreage found growing pn city lots and about farm homes. , Mapy of the walnut orchards ia ;thls county have not paid, owing la some instances to inferior varieties being planted, in other cases failure is due to pcor soil or location, or both. Not all our soils or situations are suited to the walnut, but we have plenty of good walnut lands to meet. the de mands of all planters for years to come. !-,..,". 3Iany growers have planted worth less seedlings on congenial sofls, aad all these plantings require to make our climatic conditions than any or the imported varieties, so wc can expect that the nut men will produce better varieties or walnuts than sny of the above varieties now being propagated. In ract it Is very prob able that a superior vsriety is now crowing among our thousands or J seedlings, and that fame awaits the grower who is observant enough to detect Its superiorities. Our Ideal variety should be free from blight. This Is of prime con sideration. It should bear heavy, regular crops of medium size nuts. It should ome Into bearing young and should be a vigorous grower. The nuts should be or good color, uniform size and shape, and tightly sealed. The shell should tie as thin as possible, and yet be strong enough so It won't break in handl ing. The kernel should fill the shell and should be of a light brown color rather than of a darken hue. No variety will probably be- found that has all these charact rs, but the nearer tbat oaecan be found to ap proach this standsrd the better. Those hav lag seedling trees should observe them closely . and when a .If) - - r - ' the Skyline Orcliarck, near Salem them highly profitable Is that they be grafted. over to several of our standard commercial varieties. Including worthless English seed lings and American blacks there are me re man 19,000 walnut trees la Marion county that ahould be grart ed to improved varieties at the earli est possible date. This is a work that ought 'to ap peal to the bright young mea of the fa runs ani the high school boys of the cities. In planting a walnut orchard the first and most essential point is to seep re a suitable soil and location. This having been determined. to get good stock of the best varieties Is next in importance. Many wal nut growers of considerable experi ence still adhere to the notion that seedling trees grown from a good strain of auts bear better aad blight less thaa grafted trees of standard varieties cf Franquette and Mayette. This Is certainly an erroneous view a iew tbat Is doing great Injury to the walnut industry in the north west. - Of 100 seedlings crown from nuts off the same tree, no two will be identical in growth, fruit fulness aad type or- quality of nut. It Is prac tically Impossible' to get a uniform -grsde or marketable nuts from even the best eedliag orchard. A seri ns drawark to the -expaaston of the walnut business at this time is the impossibility of - getting good grarted Oregon grown trees. Perhaps the best recourse or oae who Is now ready to plant aad can not secure grarted trees Is to plaat California black stock and top-work them In the orchard after .several years. The profits ia walant culture are sufficiently attractive to interest the average investor who has the neces sary capital to carry the business and Is willing to wait a few years for returns. The oldert and most productive wslnut trees In Marion couaty are seedliags which do not bria? the highest msrkei price, aad yet returns from some of these old trees are very satisfactory. I have seea a number of these fees this fall that have given yields of nuts of from! 100 to 200 pounds per tree. Twenty sura trees per acre would give a yield of from one to two tons per acr. At $600 per ton. the average price today, the crop cer tainly would be profitable. W iknow of no earthly possession that can bring greater Joy and security Into the ilecsinine years of the far mer than a flourishing and fruitful walnut grove. Dr. Holmes la his ripe old age said: l have written many verses, but the true poems that I have produced are the trees Jhat I planted in my youth." tree Is found that is believed to have qualities superior to the named vari eties" now propagated, it should be reported to the secretary -of the Western Walnut association, who will have an examination made, by a committee or experts from the as sociation."'' ' , "" ' , - PoUentMtloft. There is little exact information available relative to poltenizatioa of wainuu. In California, where wal- nuta have been grown for over CO years, the polleaizatlon problem baa never riven much trouble.1 Their early plantings were all seedlings, aad later ones partly seedling and partly grafted, the grafted ones usually being ta close proximity to seedling: orchards, so that the lat ter tnlght fertilize the grarted varie ties, prc.vidcd such cross polleaiza tlon vere necessary. Hence the Cal Ifornians have not had to bother thcrrsclves to find whether the dif ferent vatlcties are snlf fertile or sVlf-ttcrlK In Oregon, however, laree plartlngs sre being s-t out In regions where no walnuts are now growins. and the question naturally (Contlaucd out page 5) Senator lAchmnnd Kxjwricw With Kngilfth U'alaats. Editor Sia teaman: About IS years ago an active ef fort was made to car ou race tha planting or English walnuts la the Willamette valley. Many walnut groves were started only to be abaa-jptr. oaed oa account of neglect la the eare aad cultivation and failure ta select the proper varieties. AH re liable authorities on walnut culture are agreed that the beet tree to plant is the oae grafted oa black walnut stock, as nuts produced therefrom not alone ma true to name, but the trees are hardier and come iato bearing much earlier than seedliaga. Ia establishiag my orchard or 2? acres ia the Kieser bottom. I first planted black, walnut, trees, aad a few years later grafted there to Fraaquettes, the scions of which were taka from the famous Vroo maa walnut grove of SaaU Rosa. While the Franquette Is a slf-fr-tile tree. I nevertheless grafted a aumber of my trees to the Mayette aad Eureka varieties for cross-polli-aatioa purposes to Insure proper and complete fertilization. This season I harvested about one ton of dried walnuts of fancy quality, which I sold to the Roth Grocery company at three cents per pound above the top selling price established by the California Walnut association for its best grade of grafted walanta. The ideal land for walnuts is oa the first bottom lands and where the top root can reach moisture. Cultivation and pruning is necessary for the first five years, after which they take pretty good rare of them selves. I like the Franquette be cause it does not bloom ontU the. danger of frost Is practically over, sad. while a somewhat shy bearer. H nevertheless a nut of such fine quality that the additions!; selling price overcomes Its lack of prod ac imiy wnica, however, caa be larre- y overcome through cross-pollina tion. t Walnuts live to a grand old age. There Is a tree In the Vatican at Rome which Is 400 years 'old aad bearing a bumper crop. ' None of us caa hope to compete with Methaselakv whea it cornea to longevity, aad that being true, my advice to the fathers or sous would be "to Interest their boys fa walasts aad la their dotage they will have a stake, not alone for themselves, but a heritage to pass'aloag to gener ations to come. Louis Lachmaad. Salem. Nov. S, If if. Mr. Flint Would Plaat California Native Stock aad Graft. Editor Statesraaa: In the spring of If II we set oat four acres of , "asrsery feur-year-olds' of the Franquette second gen eration type. Trees made magnifi cent growth so tbat during the sum mer of 11C we had as fine aa or chard as one 'could wish. October 2 of that year came a hard frost that proved disastrous to trees In full rigor of growth. All the new growth or that' year la many i iastaaces four aad five feet la leagth was ea tirely killed. The north side or the trunk or the trees was also frexea so that la mny instances new trees had to be formed from shoots start ing somewhere within 10 laches or the ground, which section of the trvnk was aot affected, even ea the north side. . While only two trees out of 104 were killed outright, the setback to the orchard was most marked. It was not until the end of 19 IS thst trees began to look once more like real trees. This present year aearly every tree ia the orchard showed from IS to IS nuts la the spring. I have every reason to believe that had It not even for that untimely tnd disastrous frost, these trees would aow be produciag from five to tea pounds of auts each. Were I to start another orchard I believe 1 should secure nuts of IMPORTANT MEETING OF THE WESTERN WALNUT ASSOCIATION I The Western Walnut association Is holding its firth annual meeting at the Multnomah hotel. Portland: It convened yesterday morning and will hold over today.- C. A. Reed, nut caltarist for the United States department of agricul ture, Washington, D..C, is present and, besides his address, 22 others are scheduled by experts. Many exhibits of auts are show a - This aaoclatioB will sooa publish a priated report of the preseat meet in, aad It will be tha best thing out la aut literatnra. . Knight Pearcy is secretary of the association, and his address Is Sa lem. R. F. D. No. 3. Membership ia DATES OF SLOGANS IN DAILY STATESMAN. (In Twice-a-Wcek Statesman FoEowiitj Daj) Ix ran berries. Oct. t. Prunes, Oct. IK. Dairying October 22. Flax. October 30. Filherts. Nov. C. Walnuts. Nov. 13. Strawberries.- Nov. 29. . . National advertising. Nov. 27. (Aad turkeys) t A agora goata. December 4. Hops, December 11. Dehydrslion, December IS. the California Dative stock, plant where I expected - them to remain m and a row for about six years, thea , graft to some well known and tried stock. Personally I believe this to ... be the better plan for this section. Frack Flint. Spmnger W1U Put Oat Thirty, ' Acre 3!ore. Editor Statesman: . la regard to your letter aad my . , pialoa: Walnuts would make a long story. . We had 3(0 trees and they are sine years old this Janaary 1. 1920, We gave thera the .very best care. ' We had 1st of trouble keeping the sprouts dowa (that is limbs) till . they were five yesrs old. The vari eties are Fraaqaettes aad Mayettes. At five years old. soma (about 12 to 15 trees) begaa to bear ants; thst Is.' foar to 20 ants to the tree, -and ia If If we got front 109 trees about 290 pounds of Fraaquettes , and a few Mayettes. We so 14 them at 30 cents a pound. Of course, we csasot talk of a prof tt the - sly profit Is aiiing the orchard. .This year. If If. we got 1T00 pounds, but we have not sold them yet; got then la the dryer at pres- u tnt. .. But the walaut price Is lower this , yesr oa seedling Franquette nets. Ro this vesr I begaa tfi graft the trees which bad small nuts; and I m had '(good t cces la grafting.- I got better than 80 per cent, and some growth la over aiae Xeet long. n Some experiment I mid with chickea masare: -From those trees around which I put the last three yesrs SO'pouads of chkkea manure we got a very good crop; about 39 m to 49 pounds to the tree. . c To make a long story short: I thtak of planting 30 acres of black walaat seedliag trees; aad whea ever the bet suited time comes I will graft them to the best genuine a Franquetles. . . 4 , Job a Spranger. , Salem. R. F. D. No. f. Box If. 4 1 Sir. nancy's KeedUags Do Pretty . - - !Ii. - - " Editor Stateemaa: - - t I have two acres ot .walnuts. They are 13 years aid and seedlings. ' . . 1 harvested 090 pounds thla year, aad they are quoted 35 to 31 cents a pound. - If you wsat' Informal a lor the aew beginner: Advise grafted trees, and be very w choice where yoa get the grafts or seioas. 'Be sure to get your scions irom the tree that, is a producer. Get the scions from the tree that produces quantity aad quality aad yoa will be started off right. . L.-M. Bitney. M Wood burn. Or, Nov. a. If 19. $17&30 Fro Half Acre of Twelve- YcarQld Tree. ; , Editor Statesxnaa: ' f a I received your Utter la regard , to the walnut Industry. m I have found it a gord paying la vestment, for no pests to fight; only have the late variety to escape the early frosts. . . . . From our hair acre or u-yesr-old trees, which are seedlings, are harvested 400 poaads cf first gTade auts, selling at 39 cents per pound. aad 150 pounds of seconds at I rests per pound. Years respectrully rJ. A. Zelinski. J Salem. Or., Nov. 0. 1919. "The Lazy Maa's Crop.- Editor Statesman: - Tou ask -me to tell you .by return mail my experience la walnut cul ture. I am young yet ia the busl- nes. I hsve a bo at 250 trees eat, ranging from two to foar yesrs old. . Last year, oa three-year-olds. I al- lowed 12 auts to mature. This year 14. Rather have growth f tUaber thaa aats up to the preseat time. A great many of ray trees have taken six feet or a growth this yesr. sad" are looking fine. Varieties, Fran- (Continued oa page C.) the asaoclatloa Is 21. and tbli !o" eludes a copy of the report. , As the walnnt Industry Is one of the fouadatioa primary Industries otu this sectioa. The Statesman. In Its. Salem slogaa issues, and at other times, will frequently revert to It-,, la the coming weeks and months and years; aad the walaat grower or prospective grower. If aotalready a subscriber, should subscribe, aow, t f the Daily. The price Is $5 a year by mall; aad the Pacific Homestead, the great western farm paper, will be. Seat a full year to anyone paying a year In advance to the Dally States- xnaa. " ., r Strawberries will b tha slogan subject next Thursday. Sheep, December 2S. . v Land. Janaary 1. 1920. Great cows. Jsnuary I. 1920. Paper mill. January 15, Is Is. Cherries, Jaauary 22. 1920. Apples, Jaauary 29, 1920. Mint, February 5, 1920. (Back copies of Salem Slogaa editions of the Daily Oregon Btatemmaa are on hand. They are' for sale at 5c each, mailed to any address.)