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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 21, 1915)
4 THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND. SUNDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 21, 1915. THE JOURNAL AN IKDEPKNDEVT NEWSPAPER ,, C. . jACkJiO.N. Pobllseer frnollibed trerj emiag trxrrpt Buadrj) tC :. rr Rnnrtay morning t Tbe Journal Foilr.. l;.r. Broadwar and Vmj"l at.. Portland. Or. Lateral at tbe potufflca at t'ortlund. Or., lot tranamlsftloa through Uia malls aa aeeond - tliw matter.. .X. LEPHONKS Main 7173; Home A-051. All department rescued by tUcac nnrntwra. Tell tba operator whnt "epartment too aoU UKkRJM A0VEKTIS1.VG KEl'. -ESENTAT1 Vlt ' : Benjamin & Keotnor Co.. Brunswick Bid.. K5 rtftb ae.. New York. 1218 People'a , Va Bids.. 1 1)1 euro, - ouocription term tjy ciau or to maj ma- ieaa In tbe United S'tatea or Mexico: t uaiki One" year 15.00 or.e month 9 . . SUNDAY ! One ear $2.50 , One mouth. .23 DAILY ANI SUNDAY n One year 7..V I r.e month S 83 Nothing Costs- less, nor is : cheaper, than the compliments of civility. Cervantes. '- SKN'ATOR JJAV mired for his boldness. He is no mollycoddle. -Nor tin ;., , born. Nor milksop. ' -lie is the smashlngest legislative i.bo8a who ever played the game in " Oregon. Whatever he wanted, he went for, and he went under full ;head of steam. He played the same iko a master, and apologized for nothing. He went to Salem with a scheme ,;that in its audacity and ambition, .l.wnii-M hriVA dazzled th rraftiest and boldest of the old bosses of other and palmier days. He want ed everything in sight, and but for the resistance of the House, would have gotten it. Had there been a rtwin Day as masterful and militant in. the House, the senator would have been, the whole legislative ses sion and the most of the remainder '"of .the government thrown in. "' A$ a captain of contracting and 'paving, he knew exactly what ho wanted, . and with a courage and 'dasli that never faltered or hesi tated, he proceeded to reach for it. As a contractor and paving man, he wanted no conspiracy bill by which collusion in bidding would be punished. He therefore .promptly chloroformed the measure sent over from the House. As a contractor and. paving man, he .Lwanted no Bowlby for state high wnv pnirinfipr find he went for and got him. . He held a hearing of barges against Bowlby made by dlBgnintled contractors and a re- called county judge, then denied a reply heamg to Bowlby, and the next day, Uowlb got his walking papers. It was beautiful work. It was big and bold work. It was a mas ter's work. It was work that com mands respect for its very audacity, an audacity to nil a iierrin or a Croker wit green envy. Bclder and more brilliant still was the manner in which he staged the" session in the Senate. No 'i House bill of importance passed the i Senate until the -mister senator eaid so. He ordered, and about sixteen senators obeyed. They were Boss Day's senators. His will ':, was their will. His thoughts wore i their thoughts, generally speaking. I.ianv of this sixteen are excellent '"men, but Senator Day held them in ; bis power by holding their bills, "where they could be atrophied by li is hand wave. As generalissimo of the way a and means committee and as militant boss of other pow - erf ul conmii-ttees, he knew what to doto force subjection to him, and did it. It was the mastery of man over ; man by utter absence of scruples or conscience in the master. It Was an arrogance without limit, - but what cared the autocrat? Pav- ing -had to be conserved. Con tracting had to be protected. Big eBusiness had to be guarded against Meglslatiorr that would drive so called capital away. Bills for giv ing tbe rural communities electric light and powr had to be scuttled - as a measure of safety to vested . power Interests and water power exploiters. Bills wanted by worker- and by women had to be stamped upon as vicious and poi sonous. And Senator Day was the gladi ator to do all these Jobs. And he did them. With as bold a front as , though champion of a righteous v cause, with the mien of a Hercules 'and the ponderous presence of a ! pugilist ho bestrode the heads of his sixteen subject senators-and, one by one, smote and felled every ; measure objected to by special ; and entrenched privilege. It is work for which the senator makes no apology. It was right in his way of viewing things. He is , that kind of a man. And there are others like him, who rejoice in his power as a legislative boss while they fatten on his achieve v. ments. Nobody knows yet all that has been accomplished by this evil geniui of popular government. No j body, knows yet how far the scan dals he created will affect thepres ent administration. While we wait for knowledge of ",what he has really seized for his-. felnrl an1 trViJlo In thr mirlat nt a ' generous respect for his audacity CL A uiuucuu ill J . . w " , u vuv vcomforting thought that we es '.caped this ' militant senator only - because he could not bully the House as effectually as he bullied - the Senate. THE ART OF LIVING -V A kT of good advice on the art , f A of living is given Jby Dr. A" Woodg Hutchinson in'today's s Journal.' He says it is pos Kible ; for the average man to add five , or .-ten 'years to hla term of life, and it is one of the striking facts in the realm of medical sci ence and vital statistics that human life has been lengthened during the last half century. Chief interest In Dr. Hutchin son's article centers in his state ment that "It is far better to live 65 years vigorously, daringly, red bloodedly, and then go smash all at once the more suddenly the better than to reach -70 or 75 with one foot perpetually in our graves and one finger eer on our pulse." The strain and distractions of civilization, Instead of breaking us down, are the very things that keep us alive, he says. City dwellers, above the level of the slums, live longer than country dwellers. The one path which leads toward the grave with greater rapidity and certainty than any other is a rut, even if that rut consists in what are termed- "good habits." Dr. Hutch inson says all habits are bad un der 70 at least. Here is his for mula for living: Eat when you are hungry; drink when you are thirsty; work when you feel like it; stop when you are tired; ti biological terms, "respond to your environment." These are the ideal rules for a full, useful, happy life. There are limitations to the principle in actual practice, and you will quickly find these out from ex perience. But the minute you begin to protect yourfelf behind a secreted, calcareous shell of so-called habits, you begin to build your coffin. There are many who will agree with Dr. Hutchinson. There has been a tendency for too much regu lation of living. Results have been measured in years rather than in accomplishments. A short life well lived is far preferable to an ex tended existence of no particular use to anybody. FANNY CItOSBY WHKKlUVrJK'-nymns or unris ticn worship are sung in Protestant churches luruuguoui me worm mere breathes the spirit of the blind hymn writer who died a few days ago at the advanced age of ninety- five years. In spite of feeble health, especial ly within the last few months. Miss Crosby, or more properly speaking, Mrs. Frances Jane Van Alstyne, continued composing hymns up to a short time before her death. She was the author of more than six thousand hymns. She was so pro lific that publishers more than a quarter of a century ago were forced to give her some two hun dred pen names to make it appear that some one beside the famous writer had contributed. No other person outside of Charles Wesley or Isaac Watts has. added so much to the world's collection of gospel songs. Her songs were translated into every langaage and thousands who repeated them did not know that it was through the inspiration of a sightless woman they were ex pressing their Christian faith and hope. Miss Crosby did not begin to compose hymns until she was forty years of age. Previous to that time she was known by her popular melodies such as "Hazel Dell," "Goodby, I'm Going "Home," and "Never Forget the Dear Ones." She was also the author of many poems, "The Blind Girl," "Mon terey," "Bella at Kvening," being included among them. Six weeks after her birth Miss Crosby wa3 made blind by the ap plication of a hot poultice to her eyes. This destroyed the optic nerve. She never learned to read from raised letters owing to the fact that her fingers became so cal loused during her childhood through playing the guitar that they were not' sensitive enough to trace the characters. She acquired her knowledge by memorizing from hearing. After coming to womanhood she married Alexander Van Alstyne. a blind music teacher, who died many years ago. Among Mis Crosby's best known hymns are "Saved by Grace," "Blessed Assurance," "Rescue the Perishing" and "Safe in the Arms of Jesus." This latter hymn was regarded by her as her most suc cessful one. She often said: "I believe It was dictated by the spirit of the Lord and that It was born for a mission." The story of Miss Crosby's life is 'best expressed in verses she wrote at the age of eight years: Oh, what a happy aoul am I, Although I cannot see, I am resolved that In this world Contented I will be. How many blesslnps I enjoy That other people don't; To weep and sigh because I'm blind, I cannot and I won't. She lived to realize this philoso phy of contentment and to bring solace and contentment to many who have all their faculties. MORE MISINFORMATION ANOTHER instance of discrimi nation against the interests of Oregon by departments of the national government is found In the February farmer's bulletin issued by the department of agriculture. Notwithstanding that Portland is the big livestock market of the Pacific Northwest and that values of livestock for Oregon, Idaho and Washington are based on the Port land market the bulletin piaces the value of Idaho cattle at $41.80 a head, Washington $34.90 and Ore gon but $36.30. The average. price of swine in Oregon is placed at $9.50, Idaho $10 and Washington $11.10 per head. The average price of sbeep as given in the bul letin are Oregon, $4.50; Washing ton. $4.80. and Idaho, $4-75. If livestock is worth more in Idaho than In Portland how foolish it Is for Idaho growers to ship to Portland. The government's fig ures, are ridiculous and show either an utter ignorance" of conditions or deliberate Intention to misrepre sent. The harm to Oregon lies in the fact that prospective settlers may place dependence upon the figures and make no further Investigation. The fact that Idaho and Wash ington livestock is brought to Ore gon to be sold is proof of the falsity of the government figures. SAMUEJj LANCASTER SAMUEL LANCASTER left yes terday to install the pictures of the Columbia Highway in place at the Panama Expo ' sition. i No display at the great fair will match these pictures. They are a i poem on canvas. They are a great ; epic of nature. They are a magical story of what God hath wrought, i in creating a setting for one of ! the rarest scenic highways on the I globe. j Samuel Lancaster is an engiiieer. I But he is an artist too. : The fed ! eral government recognized his tal i ents in engineering when -it com- mended him as a fit man for road j making in the state of Washing ton. There are few men in his I profession so able, l When time and the great waters 'cut Columbia gorge throug,h the Cascades, they staged the scene for ! the coming of a fit man to capital ' ize nature's handiwork for the de light and profit of civilization. The man came when Mr. Lancaster was selected as engineer for the Colum bia Highway. His temperament was attuned to the environment of the route. Tho great basalt columns in the rocky precipices were to him more than mere rocks. The colorings and the shadings of the forests and shuibs and water were laore than a mere landscape. The deep gorges, the distant snows on the eternal mountains, the azure skies, and the leaping, tumbling water falls were more than mere per spective. They were the beauty of a vast creation illuminated and visualized. They were the sublimity of the Al mighty told in basalt, granite, snows, waters and the living green of the ages. It was a sight of na ture in all the pomp of beauty reigning over the wild mountains. It was a spot where "brighter suns dispense serener light and milder moons emparadise the night." The spirit of the view was caught by the engineer. The high way that threads this rarest of wonder spots was built in harmony with the scene. It carries the traveler midway between the two sections of Multnomah Falls with one magnificent plunge of the wa ter above and the other immediate ly below. Bridges and retaining walls are so fashioned as to be in delightful symmetry with the mas sive mountains and the deep cut gorges. No city in the world has a play ground so near and so sublime. There is not a great city in the world but would pay millions for Portlantl's wonderland. There is not a city in the world with an as set so enticing, so helpful and so delighting to its people and its visitors. Samuel Lancaster, engineer, with the support of those who have aid ed him, has builded mightily for those who dwell in the city and state of roses. THE CHURCHES IN 1914 STATISTICS prepared for the Federal Council of Churches show a gain of 763,087 mem bers of religious organizations in the United States last year. This includes not only Christian, but other sects. The total num ber of church members is now 38, 708,149. The gains, while large, are little more than half of what they were in 1913, when 1,320,604 new mem bers were taken in. But, oh the other hand, the increase in the number of ministers was more than twice as large as In 1913, while the number of additional churches fell off less than half. All the larger denominations made gains. The largest was made by the Methodists, who added 231, 4 60 new members. The Roman Catholics gained 136,850, the Bap tists 122,125, the Lutherans 56, 248, the Presbyterians 56,019, the Eastern Orthodox churches 36,500, the German Evangelical synod, representing the state church of Prussia, 29,315, and the Protestant Episcopal church 28,641 The Roman Catholics have gained, according to the figures, nearly a million and a quarter since 1910, and more than five and a half millions since 1900. The second largest denomination, the Methodists, have gained nearly 700,000 since 1900. The figures also show that the Episcopalians now have more than a million members. They gained 86,468 since 1910, and more than 300,000 since 1900. There are nine re ligious bodies which have a mil lion or more members. They are: Roman Catholic .....13.794.637 Methodist "Episcopal 3.603.265 Southern Baptist 2.592,217 National Baptist (colored)... 2,018,868 Methodist Episcopal (South). 2,005,707 Presbyterian (North) ....... 1.442,498 Disciples of Christ 1,363,163 Northern Baptist Convention 1.238,323 Protestant Episcopal ....... 1,015,238 While the 1914 gain in member ship was only two per cent as-compared with four in 1913, the grand total shows that' two fifths of the I country's entire population are al lied with organizations committed to the spiritual and ethical better ment of mankind. The potential power of the churches can be realized when thought is given to the fact that forty per cent of all the people in the United States profess to obey all the commandments, to love their neighbors as themselves,, to respect the laws, to be, charitable, kind and just. A MAN'S WORLD THIS is a world in which a man must do a man's work and must take what comes for weal or woe. It is a world of give ar-d take, of weak and strong, of good and bad. It does not belong to any one man or set of men. All -who come into it , have equal rights and responsi bilities. Every man should burn it into his conscience that everything he consumes is made by labor, some one's labor. If he does noj in return render productive, construc tive work to offset the consumption of the products of others' labor, he is a social thief. There are many of these social thieves in the world, those who are continually striving to get something for nothing, profit grab bers, office seekers, office holders who render no social service, squanderers of the public .sub stance, those who prey" upon the weak, time servers and parasites. What a world it would be if It were given over to these! Suppose everybody should begin taking from one another without' giving anything back, grabbing from one another, grafting from one an other, profiting from one an other, without any regard to the service exchanged, in short, steal-, ing from oijie another. What would happen? Eventual ly there would be nothing left to take, grab, graft or steal. There would be depression, distress, dis ease, death. Existence would be impossible. Much is said of the law of the surviyal of the fit, but who are the fit? They are those who work, who return an equal value for all they receive and consume, who are honest and just, efficient and fair, loving and hopeful, constructive and productive. They are those who have days when the taste of bread is bitter and nights when they, have no joy in the coming dawn, yet they do not lose faith and courage that the "smooth shall bloom from the rough" and cast their downcast mood into the living, working day. YEARS AND WORK ON HIS sixty-eighth birthday Thomas A. Edison said he was planning seventeen years of work. He had been ex amined by an expert, who pro nounced Mr. Edison's parts "young parts." In the great European war nearly every important command er is past sixty years of age. Lord Kitchener is 64, General Sir John French is 62, and the French lead ers Joffre and Pau are both ap proaching 70. Germany's generals are mostly men who served In the Franco-Prussian war of 1870. Gen eral von Kluck is 68, General von Hindenberg 67, General von Moltke 66 and General von Buelow 68. This reign of white-haired com manders has been explained by the fact that generals are no longer expected personally fo lead their men into battle, as did the war riors of old. Their place is now the headquarters base, several miles behind the fighting line, where they keep in touch with the troops by means of telephone, tele graph, wireless and the aeroplane. It i3 said that for this reason the modern commander is more often than not gray-headed and well on in years, mature judgment and ex perience taking the place of the great energy supposed to be the distinguishing mark of military leaders. In support of this theory it is pointed out that Napoleon, Hannibal and Alexander the Great won their largest successes when young men with all the physical activity of their troops. Undoubtedly this theory is sup ported by facts, but there is rea son to believe that It does not in clude all the facts. The telephone, telegraph, .wireless and aeroplane could not make up a , deficiency caused by years- Improperly lived. It is because Europe's gray-haired generals lived lives always with "seventeen years of work" ahead that they are now equal to .their tasks. Mr. Edison explains his, vitality at 68 by saying he has lived the simple life. "Give me mechanic's grub for mine," is his program for working until he is 85. There i3 an old story about the peasant whose cow died. When he reported his loss to the village priest the spiritual guide consoled him with the thought: "It might have been worse." The peasant's barn was destroyed by fire. Again the priest said to him: "It might have been worse." Next death in vaded the home of the peasr.nt and took away his wife. Once more the solacing words of the priest: "It might have been worse." There is no calamity, however great, that might not have been worse. It is safe to assume that if the peas ant had reported to the priest that the Oregon legislature had ad journed he would have been con soled with the assurance: "It might have been worse." I ABRAHAM LINCOLN'S PROPHETIC VISION From tba Philadelpblm North American. THE peoples of the north and the south, of America and Europe, pay honor now to the memory of Lincoln. Patriots and lovers of lib erty the world around venerata his ffreat souled devotion. .But. why is it that each year- Intensifies" admiration for his wisdom and adds serener lus ter to his fame? , He was a great statesman; he conducted a gfreat war to a successful conclusion; he freed a race dnd saved a nation from dis integrating. Yet there is" a reason deeper than these for the veneration of his name. From March 4, 1861. to April 15, 1865, John Hay was in daily com panionship with Abraham Lincoln. On that first day he stood with him on the inauguration platform at the capi tol; on the morning of the later day he looked down upon the bed of death, Baw "a look of unspeakable peace come upon the worn features" and heard the prophetic whisper of Stan ton, "Now he belongs to the ages." It is fortunate for the American peo ple that during the four most preg nant years of their history so sym pathetic an observer and so gifted a writer should have been associated with the greatest of our leaders. The Lincoln biography which he wrote with Nicoiay will always be one of our chief historical records. Few pages in it, however, are ,so fascin ating as the fragmentary notes set down from day to day in the young secretary's diary, extracts from which are receiving their first publication. William Roscoe Thayer who has compiled the quotations, reminds the reader that for a long time Lincoln was considered, even by his cabinet officers, a presidential accident, an example of mediocrity elevated by chance and that, he was deemed fortunate in having wise eastern ers to give him counsel. But even then Hay revealed the keen judgment that was to win him high honors at a later period by recording his ad miration for the greatness of Lincoln. The diary pictures convincingly the unconscious simplicity of the presi dent's life in the White House; his invincible habit of remaining acces sible, so that the corridors of the mansion fairly swarmed with office hunters, idlers and curiosity seekers; his unruffled calmness in times of stress; his whimsical humor, his mod esty and his forbearing kindliness of disposition. But there is an entry on a day in 1861, which is a new and vital con tribution to American history. It re veals the Lincoln whose moral stature grows steadily with the passing years, and it explains why, as his living presence recedes and his acts lose their sharp outlines in the mists of tradition, his greatness of soul excites wider veneration. . Most Americans, if asked to name the great issue of the Civil war, probably would reply that It was the abolition of slavery. Deeper students Would cite Lincoln's famous letter to Greeley, and would answer that the basic cause was the preser vation of the Union. Slavery was, in truth, a great Issue, but its roots went deep into the tremendous ques tion of the unity of the nation. And yet beneath even this there lay the fundamental principle. Unrecognized by millions then, unrealized by many now, It was clear to the vision of Lincoln; and he stated It In strong, plain words long before his deathless declaration at Gettysburg. The day was May 7, 1861 less than a month after the attack on Sumter had her alded the mighty conflict and 4 only four days after the second call for volunteers. Hay writes that he had gone into the president's room to give him some political news and had men tioned some wild northern threats about exterminating the southern whites and setting up a black re public Lincoln remarked that some of them seemed "bewildered by the excitement of the hour." He con tinued: "Doolittle seems inclined to think that this war Is to result in the entire abolition of slavery. For my own part, I consider the central idea pervading this truggle- is the neces sity that is upon us of proving that popular government la not an ab surdity. "We must settle this question now, whether in a free government the minority have the right to break up the government whenever they choose. If we fail. It will go far to prove the Incapability of the people to govern themselves. Taking the gov ernment as we found it, we will see if the majority 'can preserve it" Mr. Thayer emphasize the import ance of this declaration, uttered two years and a half before the Gettys burg address. He says: "It reveals the foundation of Lin coln's judgment of the war of the rebellion: there was at stake some thing more precious than the preser vation of the Union, something more urgent than the abolition of slavery and that was democracy." The time came when the wrong of human' slavery had been overcome, when the peril to the Union had been averted and when victory for free dom and national security was in' sight. Standing on the battlefield consecrated by "brave men living and dead." Lincoln voiced in & few im perishable words the meaning of the great struggle sentences so simple In form and so sublime In strength that while tbe language of men en dures they will be studied and revered. "Government of the people, by the people and for the people" this was the cause which he saw at stake in the war then drawing to Its close. But we know now that it was no new vision he had gained. In the very u . , - PATRIOTISM . . . BREATHES there a man, with soul so dead, Who never to himself hath said. This is my own, my native landl Whose heart hath ne'er within him burned As home his footsteps he hath turned. From wandering on a foreign strand! If such there breathe, go, mark him well; For him no minstrel raptures swell; High though his titles, proud his name. Boundless his wealth as wish can claim; Despite those titles, power and pelf. The wretch, concentered all in self, Living, shall forfeit fair renown, And, doubly dying, shall do down To the vile dust from whence he sprung, Unwept, unhonored and unsung. THOUGHTS ON By Dr. Frank Crane. (Copyright. 1915, by Frank Crane. Among the mountains you cannot tell the highest peak; you are too near; only when you are at a distance away docs it loom above tbe others in your eyes. At Cbamouni many moun tains rival Mont Blanc; at Geneva it towers supreme. As time bears us away from tbe birth date of our coun try one figure is seen to overtop all men. It is George Washington,. No king or emperor of Europe can compare in personal greatness with the first ruler of the United States. Although party spirit had already j begun to rage in his time Washington Kept rree from It. He warned his iel low countrymen against it. He was the president of the United States, not the leader of his party. Let other presidents think on this. The lines that best describe the character of Washington are these, from Oliver Goldsmith's "Deserted Village:" "As some tall cliff that lifts Its awful form. Swells from- the vale, and midway leaves the storm Though round Its breast the rolling clouds are spread, Kternal sunshine settles on its head. Washington exemplified In a most marked degree the most essential characteristic of a really great man humility. Do conditions make the great man, or does he make conditions? Neither. The great man is the one who is there when conditions call for him. No nation in history can show too such perfect adaptations of man to place as Washington and Lincoln. The presidents of this latter day measure up well with those of former days. In personal integrity. In un doubted sincerity, and in devotion to what they conceive to be the best in HISTORIAN'S ANALYSIS OF WASHINGTON I From Lecky's "History of England Duringthe Eighteenth Century." To the appointment of Washington, far more than to any other single cir cumstance, is due the ultimate success of the American Revolution. Punctual, methodical, and exact in the highest degree, he excelled in managing those minute details which are so essential to the efficiency of an army, and he possessed to an eminent degree not only the common courage of a BOldier, but also that mucli rarer form of cour age which can endure long continued i suspense, bear the weight of great responsibility, and encounter the rlsKs of misrepresentation and unpopular ity. For several years, and usually in the neighborhood" of superior forces, he commanded a perpetually fluctu ating army, almost wholly destitute of discipline and respect for author ity, torn by the most violent personal and provincial jealousies, wretchedly armed, wretchedly clothed, and some times in Imminent danger of starva tion. Unsupported for the most part by the population among whom he was quartered, and incessantly thwarted by the jealousy of congress, he kept his army together by a com bination of skill, firmness, patience, and judgment which has rarely been surpassed, and he led it at last to a signal triumph. In civil as in military life he was pre-eminent among his contemporaries for the clearness and soundness of his Judgment, for bis perfect modera tion and self control, for the quiet dignity and the indomitable firmness with which he pursued every path which he had deliberately chosen. Of all the great men in history he was the most invariably judicious, and there is scarcely a rash word or action or judgment recorded of him. Those who knew him well noticed that he iad keen sensibilities and strong pas sions; but his power of self command never failed him, and no act of his public life can be traced to personal caprice, ambition or resentment. first shadow of the coming conflict he discerned the truth; the germ of the immortal oration lay in the mus ing words he spoke to John Hay a few days after Sumter fell. While others recognized the sur face Issues, his wisdom penetrated to the essential heart of the matter. He perceived that upon the outcome f the war hung the Justification of ma jority rule, the perpetuation of dem ocracy. And to that cause he dedi cated himself, because he foresaw that in democracy alone lay the hope of mankind of solving the age old problem of the rights of men, which he himself had stated: "That Is the, real issue. That Is the issue which will continue In ths country when these poor tongues of Judge Douglas and myself shall be silent. It is the eternal struggle be tween these two principles, right and wrong, throughout the world. They are the" two principles which have stood face to face from the begin ning of time. The one is the common right of humanity, the other the divine right of kings. "It is the same principle in what ever shape it develops itself. It is the same spirit that says, 'You toil and work and earn oread and I'll eat it. No matter in what shape it comes, whether from' the mouth of a king who destroys the people of his own nation and lives by the fruit of their labor, or from one race of men as an apology for enslaving another race, it is the same tyrannical prin ciple." , Immortality is his . because he searched out the hidden " truths xf existence; because he voiced with authentic prophecy the aspirations of mankind; because in his life and his death he uttered forth the fundamen tal principles of the rights of hu manity, which will inspire men when . By Sir Walter Scott WASHINGTON' terests of the citizenship, the presi dents of our generation are worthy of all praise.! On the whole, we have reason to be proud of McKlnley, Roosevelt, Taft and Wilson. They are yet too close to us and our estimate of them too mixed with partisanship for us to do them justice. The most efficient leaders are those that are not too far advanced in their ideas beyond the mass of the people. There was nothing radical In Wash ington. He was not a man of far flung theories. lie was conservative. He was not a reformer. He served his times. Nobility depends on how one believes, not on what he believes. Lincoln is more typically American than Washington. The latter was too close to England; he was an English gentleman. Lincoln was entirely Amer ican, a pure product of this new soil. We do not realize the extent to which,our national, even our personal character is moulded by a hero, here "Where Washington hath left His awful memory, A light for after times." Washington is a good example of what Bishop Potter called "the dig nity of ascent," as distinguished from "the dignity of descent." He speaks of his character as "so fine and high and pure that as men come within the circle of its Influence they involun tarily pay homage to that which Is the one pre-eminent distinction, th royalty of virtue." After all, the net contribution of nation to the world is Its heroes. "If America had done nothing else than furnish to the world the character of Washington," said Daniel Webster, "that alone would have entitled our country to the respect of mankind." Washington was rich, Lincoln was poor, Grant was a soldier, Wilson a college professor I do not see that such things make any difference. In the despondency of long contin ued failure, in the elation of-tdden success, at times when his soldiers were deserting by hundreds and when malignant plots were formed against his reputation, amid the constant quarrels, rivalries, and jealousies of his subordinates. In the dark hour of national ingratitude, and in the midst of the most universal and Intoxicating flattery, he was always the same calm, wise. Just, and single minded man, pursuing the course which he be lieved to be right without fear or favor or fanaticism; equally free from the passions that spring from Interest and from the passions that spring from; imagination. He never acted on impulse of an absorbing or uncal culating enthusiasm, and he valupd very highly fortune, position, and rep utation; but at the command of duty he was ready to risk and sacrifice them all. He was. In the highest sense of the words, a gentleman and a man of honor, and he carried into public life the- severest standard of private morals. C It was at first the constant dread of large sections of the American people that if the old government were over thrown they would fall Into the hands of military adventurers and undergo the yoke of military despotism. It was mainly the transparent Integrity of the character of Washington that dis pelled the fear. It was always known by his friends, and It was soon ac knowledged by the whole nation, and by the English themselves, that in Washington America had found a leader who could be induced by no earthly motive to tell a falsehood or to break an engagement or to com mit any dishonorable act. Men of this moral type are happily not rare, and we have all met them In our exper ience; but there Is scarcely another instance in history of such .a. man hav ing reached and maintained the high est position In the- convulsions of civil war and of a great popular agi tation. the noblest monuments raised to his memory have crumbled Into dust. Another Tradition Wrecked. From the Oakland Tribune. For half a century common belief has been that Horace Greeley, founder and once editor of "the New York Tribune, was the author of the expression: "Co west, young man, go west." Certain It is that Greeley used it, not once, but many times in editorials urging east erners to avoid the congestion in states on the other side of the Mississippi, and It was duetto his efforts that the expression became a sort of slogan. But now comes a writer in the Mis souri valley, the editor of - the St. Joseph News-rress, with the assertion that not only did Greeley not coin the phrase, but he admitted that he did not, and the author was John B. L. Soule, editor of a Terre' Haute, Ind.. paper, who wrote it as a caption for an editorial at the suggestion of a friend who had Just returned some time In the early fifties, from a tour of tbe great area between the river and the Rockies. In connection with this It is stated also thatGreeley's first use of the ex pression was In copying the Soulo editorial, which he afterward discussed at some length In succeeding issues and emphasized following his trip, to the Coast, so nicely described In Al D. Richardson's "Beyond the Mississippi," book long since out of print, more's the pity, for it was a wonderful reve lation of the possibilities of the great empire referred to as its author found it. However, even If all of us or many of us have been mistaken as to the authorship. It matters little, for the advice was good, and' is still good, for the west yet represents to enterprising Americans the land of opportunity, and while the placers are not so prolific as In the days of forty-nine and a few years following, there Is plenty of gold for those who seek, for in the grain fields and the orchards, the vine yards and the gardens, the timber tracts and the waiting farms may be found a plentltude for all who seek it. Too Busy. . "i From Judge. Teacher Have you ever seen ba nanas growing? c ' , Archibald No. ma'am: I never had time to stand and watch them. -m XAM.LT DATS" By Tni Leeklar. BpaeJtl SteXf Writ ! Tba Journal. We sometimes shake our heads and sigh for the good old times and yet,' when we turn the time-stained leaves of history back to the days of our fore fathers, we find that they, in turn. ' were regretting the degeneracy of their times and sighing for the good old times of their forefathers. We find that graft, political intrigue and do mestic Infelicity are not new develop- ments, and that, after all, this old world, in spite of many relapses and halts. Is getting better, instead of wore. A day or two ago 'Mrs. O. J. Wright, who lives at 231 Bancroft street, in this city, brought In a yel lowed copy of the Ulster County Ga zette, dated January 4, 1800, and pub-' lished at Kingston, In Ulster county. New York state. The first page is de voted to the proceedings . of congress and the late news of the war in EuroP The "good ship Factor" had Just ar rived, bringing copies of the London Gazette and other newspapers as late as October 20, 1799. The second and third pages are bordered in black and give an account of the death of- Gen eral George Washington on December 14, 1799, and of his burial. Interesting as are the accounts of the European war and the death and burial of the Father of his Country, yet it Is in the advertising pages we get the best view of the every day life of the men and women of that time. ' Luther Andres announces he ha Just opened several bales of dry goods, "both fresh and gay." He announcej that he has decided not to extend cred-v It hereafter, and. In consequence, he' can retail the goods much lower than In the past. In closing his announce ment, he says: "Wo will receive In payment for our wares wheat," rye, buckwheat, oats, corn, butter, flax, ashes and rawhides and cash will not be refused." One of the principal advertisers is Peter Ten Broek, the sheriff. He ad vertises 10 sheriff sales. Here is one, and the rest are very much like it: "By virtue of a writ of testatum fieri facias. Issued out of the supreme court of judicature of the people of the state of New York, I have levied and taken the goods and chattels, lands and tene-" ments of Cornelius Benham, which I shall expose to sale as the law directs oi Saturday, the 12th day -of February, 1800, at the house of the said Benhm, In the town of Windham, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon. Dated December 28, 1799." Lodewyck Hoornbcek Junior, a real . estate agent, Inserts a two Inch display advertisement. In which he'aays: "Indisputable titles will be given to a number of choice lots containing from 50 to 550 acres each and lying in the Military Tract. Also at a very moderate price a quarter township con taining 4000 acres In the Connecticut ' purchase." Samuel Freer, the publisher of the paper, announces he has received a new -and late assortment of goods to ex change for cash, country produce, or ashes. He also announces he has a choice "assortment for sale of writing" or wrapping paper, and also bonnet pa per, and that he will pay cash for rags. As an afterthought, he announces that "On Wednesdy last a watch was lost, and the person who may find It will meet with a suitable reward by hand" Ing It to the printers," and that "If any one will give information to the print ers as to tb whereabouts of a red bull, branded I. T. B.-on both horns, he also , shall be suitably rewarded." , ' William reters advertises he Will take an active, diligent, healthy and suitable boy, 14 to 18 years old, as an apprentice to his clothiers' business.: .lohn'Hhoonmacher, of Rochester, N. Y.( In bis advertisement, says, "Kor sal",, the one half of a fawmill and a stout, healthy, active negro wench." Benjamin Demyer tells his troubles In a want ad, in which he says that his' red heifer, "with a small star In her forehead, white under her belly, a little white to her tail, and a piece out of her reft ear," is gone, and whoever finds them shall be "handsomely rewarded.. Matys Van Steenbergh, of Haugcr' tlesl, In Kingston precinct. Is very much peeved by his wife, Hannah, and, publishes the following: "Second no tice of my wife, Hannah, is hereby giv en forbidding all personn whatsoever from harboring her, and from trusting her, as I am determined to pay no debts of her contracting." , John Hasbrou.clt announces" he has' decided to sell bis "neat, elegant, well finished pleasure sleigh," and John Welut, of Kllnc-Esopus, says that "a, year since" some one took out Of the store of Abraham Hasbrouck an excel- . lent gun, marked "8. B.," and If they will return It, he will pay thernjSre ward. John'Tremper announces that he ll long on peas and short .on wheat, and will exchange "a quantity of Hchobary peas for wheat." .Tohannls L. Jansen announces the death of his relative, Johannls Jansen, and says all persons are -earnestly re quested to settle without delay anyac- ; counts owtng the deceased. He close with this rather striking statement: ' "All those that will not comply with this request must expect trouble with- , out any further notice." - The reporter closes hia description of the burial of Washington as follows: "Three discharges by the infantry the cavalry and 11 pieces of artillery which lined the banks of the Potomaj. back of the vault paid the last tribute) to the entombed commander In chief 6f the armies of the United States, and to tho departed hero. The sun was now v setting. Alas! the 'Son Of Glory' was set forever. No the name of Wash-, ington the American President sjid General will triumph over death! The ; unclouded brightness of his glory will, illuminate the future ages!" w The Lot of the Minlsler'a Wife. Frances Frear In Leslie's. One often hears a woman say, "Well,' . 1 wouldn't be the wife of a minister :.' for anything in the world." The iernl- official position that the mlnleter'u wife holds gives her a degree of pub licity that few women have, and at thesme time makes her the tar get of criticism, the sort " of crltl" clsm that is not always discrimi nating or kind. The Rev. Dr. Robert Watson, in assuming the pastorate of the Scotch Presbyterian church- In New York city, took occasion to say In a newspaper interview - that "tho mistress of the manse has more to do , with the success of a pastorate than C the pastor." Coming from a minister who, had been conspicuously success ful, this statement is In effect a fine, tribute to his wife for her part In making that success. Without doubt all other ministers would testify .' t the helpful part their wives had . In their work. Nevertheless women gen--erally doubt the desirability of the position. To be neither too grave nor too frivllous; to be active hi parl!i activities without being too active: to call just enough without calling too much; to be friendly with everybody i la general without being too friendly"J with any on in particular; to steer a- middle course In all things, and yet at the same time, to be a force in the parish and community life this calls. Ifor a rare combination of qualities, . .
