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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 21, 1913)
V. .'', i , THE OREGON- SUNDAY ' JOURNAL PORTLAND, SUNDAY ' MORNING, SEPTEMBER 21. 1913:J ' ' - ' " ' ' r - " ' ' ' fTr' D1 r namMm9- Brttaia Rlants itsssrvoevj " v " " wljWm: ":rf'k : :litl ' PtSili Sm ,-Y ' An Ancient, Mysterious and Vanished Folk Who Studded Their Faces with Gold, Wore Gold Teeth, Ate Off Gold, Covered Themselves with Gold and Even Used Gold Tools and Fishhooks Described by the Distinguished Discoverer of the Ruined Cities HAT may be regarded as tbe most remarkable archaeo logical discovery since the excavation of the ruins of Pompeii has Just been made in Ecuador by Professor Marshall Howard Seville, one of the foremost of American archaeologists. According to Spanish tradition, the region recently explored by Professor Saville was at one time occupied by a tribe of Indians who clad themselves with gold leaf and tjsed gold about as freely as we now pse wood and steeL This was the fabled city of Eldorado. It looks as If the Spanish tradi tion may have been founded upon something more substantial than Imagination, for Professor Saville has brought to light startling evi dence that this region was once oc cupied by a gold-plated people. His own account of his discovery, writ ten exclusively for this newspaper, follows: By Prof. Marshall Howard Saville, Profeeaor of American Archaeology Columbia University. WHAT we are pleased to call the New "World contains the remains of civilizations long vanished as ancient and as In teresting as those which have at tracted such wide attention and etudy in the Old World. Here upon our own hemisphere in pre-Columbian times nations and civilizations have flourished and died, and it is only within recent years that any adequate study has been given them. More and more the vestiges of remarkable ancient civilizations are revealing them selves to exploration and scientific research. For the past six years I have beea collecting' material for a comprehen sive treatise on the ancient races inhabiting the coast province of Esmeraldas In Ecuador. During the year 1906 I travelled for 150 miles along this coast and discovered the remains of an ancient people. Here, during the course of several expedi tions, financed by the Heye Museum, I have made extensive and valuable collections illustrating the arts and customs of this ancient people, hitherto practically unknown to archaeological science. For years I have been preparing a work for publication upon this people, and in order to secure addi tional material and to verify certain conclusions, I felt It necessary this Summer to make an additional fly ing trip to the field of my researches. Thn nrovinca of Esmeraldas Is a two days' steamer Journey south of Panama, and extends from frontier of Colombia to about equator. the the Their Luggage By MINNA IRVINQ TO spend ths week-end at the beach. She took a chiffon evening gown. A allk kimono, trimmed with laee. A motor coat and cap of brown; Two bats and veils, and ditto shoes. Biz pairs ot stockings, some withstocjwi.if Cold cream, her silver ourllng tongs, v r ' And powder, too, a brand new box. SHB alao packed two paraaola. A satin wrap, a spangled fan, Bhlrt waists, and sashes, linen skirts, A blaser striped In red and tan; A bathing suit, with sandals whits, . (The kind you purchase for a dollar); hat did her hubby taks along? jUThy. nothing but an extracollar, . On one of my former trips I visit-' ed a number of sites mentioned In the Spanish chronicles as having been populous towns. Tbe archaeo logical objects I excavated at these sites brought to light another civili zation practically unknown to tbe archaeologist a civilization worthy to be classed with that of the Chlbchas of Colombia and the QuichuaB, or, as they are bet ter known, Incas of Peru. The study of the material acquired seems to indicate a close connection be tween this unknown people and tribes in Colombia, whereas Inca in fluence seems to be entirely absent There are also certain traces of a connection with tribes in Central .America. ' One remarkable and unique charac teristic of these people was the man ner In which they overloaded them- , selves with gold ornaments of vari ous kinds. No other people in the world were ever so bespangled with gold; no other people of ancient America carried the art of personal decoration to such an extreme. Not only do we learn this from the early Spanish chronicles, but It Is also evi denced and confirmed by the archaeo logical finds that I have made. Due to ths fact that the riches of the ancient so-called Inca empire lured the succeeding expeditions ot the Spaniards to that land, the Es meraldas coast long remained neg lected, and but few settlements were madentherer and in later "times the coast has unjustly had a bad name, due to ths prevalance of yellow fever and other scourges In the vi cinity of Guayaquil. These people covered their gar ments with gold decorations, and also wore necklaces, bracelets and anklets of the same precious metal. Theirs, Indeed, was a golden age. They wore elaborate ear ornaments of different kinds, some covering the entire ear and hanging pendant; they Inserted ths labret or Hp plug .In a perforation of the lower lip, and often large semilunar ornaments hung from the nose, being attached to the septum, and also they placed ornaments in the fleshy part on each side of the nose. But, most remarkable of all, they went so far In their craze for deco ration that they often decorated every available portion ot their faces with bent gold tacks or nails, which were aet In holes In the flesh. Plugs were often set on each sids of the mouth, and gold tacks or nails were plentifully studded In perforations on both cheeks. Not 0 wuieut wuu uua pumpiuou ueco latlon of the face, they sometimes, Inserted gold discs in cavities in the upper teeth cavities that had been carefully and skillfully made with some form of instrument. Again gold wire has been found inter twined between teeth of the upper Jaw. Tiny discs with a projecting band were clamped around the teeth. The decoration of teeth by the in sertion of inlays in small perfora tions cut In the enamel of tbe upper incisors seems peculiar to Esmer aldas bo far as South America Is concerned. This custom of decorat ing the teeth was quite common In various parts of Mexico, where dif ferent settings were used. In the Mayan area, as far south as Salva dor, the object most often used for the inlay was Jadelte. In Mexico, In Oaxaca, I have found hematite used; In Vera Cruz, turquoise been found, and In other sections teeth with settings of rock crystal, obsidian and a red cement have been found. I have never heard of this custom as having been in use in Colombia or Peru, but in Esmeraldas skulls have been found with tiny discs of gold set into the teeth in the same manner as In Mexico and Cen tral America, with the exception of the material used. I am free to say that the most re markable example of these inlaid teeth exists in a skull which I have brought back with me from my last expedition. This has already excited considerable interestand -comment. In describing it, however, the news papers have misconstrued me. This Is but another example of the deco ration of teeth and in nowise indi cates that the art of filling teeth to Btop decay was known In those times. In this skull the entire enamel of the front of the teeth of the upper Jaw has been removed with the exception of very slight and narrow bands at the bases and at the upper part of the teeth where they were, covered by flesh and em bedded In the Jaw. The removal of the enamel is clear through to the dentine, and was skillfully accom plished. In place of the enamel re moved gold is placed to overlay the teeth, and this gold is Blightly folded over each side. The teeth thus practically face-crowned are the four Incisors and the two canines, giving the appearance of a wide gold band covering the teeth. In fact, so little of the enamel shows that unless the Inspection was close It would appear that the teeth were of gold. This makes It unique from other examples found in which the teeth are simply decorated with discs jDf sold, j0k ' pwm-u$z.i$ -,f : -f A Row of Heads Found by Pro fessor Saville Which Show What the Golden People Looked Like Very Ancient Mayan Wall Carving at Pledraa Negrai, quest. Comparison with Maska and Figurines Found by quest. Comparison People" ottering Race Started It Jawbones from the Skull of One of the Golden People Showing the Teeth Covered with Plates of Gold. My SeCretS Of BeaUty Ay., iv. asKs: win you piease rif.6 mz.??Ja .eooA- C. R. asks: "Will you please quicK, eirective rat re re- ducer?" There Is only ope. Curtail the amount of your food, especially the sweet and starchy kinds. S. J. C. sends this inquiry: "Please tell me something that will feed and whiten the skin of the face, some thing that will not encourage a growth of hairnor enlarged pores. Please tell me whether olive oil will do either of these?" Olive oil will not In Itself cause hjlr to grow nor occasion enlarged pores. It Is friction of the skin rather than the material used on the face that causes the hair to grow. Wiping the face lightly with cotton Is for that reason better than mas sage as a means of feeding the skin. Overfeeding the face with pll may cause the pores to enlarge. That 'claim Is made and I am, not surs that It Is untrue. Olive oil contain ing a few drops of benzoin for whit ening the skin is a good skin food. So is cocoanut oil. D.E. S. writes a thoughtful ques tion: "Will you please tell a New Yory city girl who Is very fond of bananas whether they are fatten ing?" I am sorry to say they are, for I, too, share your liking for that fruit of the tropics. Eat a few of them and when you do sprinkle lemon Juice on them, to In some degree counteract their fattening effect. Also eat them very slowly, for bolted food fattens. Apples are not fatten with Maska and Figurines Found by iriDuie w a Mayan King, a rue ot uoiaen Articles Is Seen Behind the First Kneeling Figure. From This Unknown Is 6uoposed the Legend of El Dorado Which Drew on the Spanish Adventurers. At La Tollta, on an island called Tola, at the mouth of the Santiago River, there are about forty mounds In the cleared section, ranging in height from four to twenty-five feet and from twenty to one hundred and fifty feet in diameter. Excavations made on a former trip by one of my party in the largest mound discov ered a skeleton burled in a sitting position with a large clay seal or Btamp in the hand. With the body were a number of pottery vessels and a gold egg having a small emer ald Inside. This is the only mound which has as yet been explored, and the cut in this mound was confined to a trench in the centre. Near the edge ot another mound the owner of the property recently dug a hole, and at a depth of a few feot found a large clay box containing a much (decayed skeleton and a Veritable treasure of gold Jewels and various large pieces, such as a crown, breast plate, wrist covering, etc., the bul lion value of which exceeded - , . . iSeautu Questions Answered Ing, nor are cherries, grapes, pears, plums, berries, nor pineapples. This plaint from L. N. is a com mon one. My mall always contains many like it "Please suggest some remedy for the discouraging condi tion of my hair. My hair Is very thin, and every six weeks or two months it seems to fall out and I have so very little of It that I am quite dejected over it. My hair Is very fine and never was thick, but It seems to get worse all the time. I wash it every week with good, pure soap, in hot and then cold, water. Is that the proper -way to wash Blokly hair? And will you tell me some sure thing that will make the hair grow and not make it oily?" 81 nee your hair la by constitution delicate I do not advise subjecting the scalp to th extremes of hot and cold water; rather wash the hair In warm water and reduce the rinsing water gradually to lukewarmness, then coolness. If your hair is not dusty and your scalp Is olean don't wash It so often. Cleanse it between whilea -with oatmeal sprinkled through It and well brushed out.. Any .pure mild oil Is a goodhalr g rower if massaged well Into the scalp. Lanolins Is good for the1 pur pose but unpleasantly sticky. Better than either method and ex cellent, used In combination with &hm, li eating the foods that will if .?ii'''' Mexico. The Stone Was Carved Professor Saville See ma to Prov Professor Saville Seems to Prove That three thousand dollars. In the level portions of the Island, where ever excavations are made, gold Is found, and thousands of fragments of pottery vessels and figures are discovered. Excavations have always shown gold In paying quantities. The panning never fails to reveal objects of worked gold, of which I have obtained a collection of about two thousand pieces of an Infinite variety of forms. The greater part of the Jewels are of very diminutive size, and in order to study the workmanship they must be viewed under a lens. Among these objects may be men tioned gold rings with stone set tings, pendants with stone settings, minute masks of filigree work, nose, ear and Hp ornaments, and tacks or nails, of which I have spoken be fore, which were used to ornament the face. I found also fish hooks, needles and awls, all made of gold. Still more striking proof of the skill of this ancient people as metal - ByMmcUnaCavallerl. strengthen you by making good red blood. Milk, cream, green vege tables as string beans, lettuce, celery, splnacJi, lentils and beef are chief of these. C. A. R. complains of Indigestion and ail Its unpleasant results. Cleanse your stomach by drinking a great deal of water. When I say a great deal I mean at least ten glasses a day, not more than one of each being at meals. Chew your food very thoroughly, so that no un digested portions will remain In the stomach. After each meal take a half teaspoonful of bicarbonate of soda In half a glass of water. I. R. asks: , "Is surgical skin peel ing dangerous and is It true that the skin will have to be re-pealed every three years or is the first peeling enough?" I never recomrrvend anything so dangerous. If you are not in the best physical condition at the tims of such operation and If ths opera tor is unskillful or careless most serious results might follow. ' I have known the skinning to be done sev eral times. Once has not satisfied ths demsnds of some beauty seek ers. You can cure your own blackheads by pressing them out after they have been softened by oil, and thenever after keeping ths face free . from dust Enlarged pores can be coaxed Into right conditions by free applica tions of cold water, of Ice, and by bathing the affected parts In cio phor water, Hundreds of Years Before the Spanish Com the Kneeling Figures Are "The Golden lurgists Is the finding of Jewels mads of pure platinum, or composed of platinum and gold filigree, or, as la some instances, objects mads of gold on one side and platinum on ths other, appearing like a pale silver washing, several little Jewels in platinum background with tiny balls of gold used to make a border. Ths use of platinum la a unique feature of the section of South America ex tending from Esmeraldas northward Into the region of the Choco River. In this particular phase of ancient art the Esmeraldas people seem to stand alone, especially when we ex amine the work of the ancient gold smiths from other parts of America, Daddy Meant Well. Little Eva May was only a as Ctrl, but ah objected when badtirae cam round, as children wllL Finally, father offered to He on the bed till ah fell asleep, and carried her off. greatly to the mother's de light The minutes paaied ten, flfteeaj twenty, and at the end of half as hour mother began to wonder what had happened to father. She eoa tlnued with her sewing, but la a few moments, the alienee was broken by the plt-a-pat of naked feet Nearer came the steps, and art Is stant later Eva May stood In tie doorway, linger rataed for alienee. "Hush, huih, mummy!" she said, "I've got daddy off to aleep at lastF Didn't Count Two Irlihmen arranged to flgha S duel with plitola. One of them was dlatlnctjy stout snd when he saw his lean adversary facing him he raised, an objection. -Bedad." he said, To twloe as tg a target a ha Is. ao I ought to! stand twice as far away from him as ke is from me." 7, "Be slay sew,- replied his seooiC "I'll soon put that right." Taking a piece of chalk front, his pocket ' he drew two lines down the tout man's coat loving a apses be them. y,' 1;,,, t'-fvt.c "Now. he said, turning t the ether, man, "lire away, ye spslpees, and remember that any hits eutsldf that chalk line don't eount , : ' We Don't Know. ' Jones Dont yo think a talkative woman Is more popular with the tots than "any other kind? : H Henpecke-Wbat :: staer king : ; f there! 'f-'W?M.f :-SV.tWJr$ i:' K ft :
