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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 10, 1910)
c.,: DAIL": JU'uh rhi JOURNAL IN IXPEPEXPEXT NEWSPAPER. C. 8: JACKSON.. . . ... Publisher '-.4 t-rf ew.rg (ri'-prt Sunday 4 V Si'iidny nv.rnn.ir t Tii J-urnl BalM ' FXiih bd Ii&iiia otwU, Portland. Or. 1. . Entered it lh p.tC'ff!f it Portland. Or., Tor tri,itiii!.in UirotigH tii iuil Mcond-cla o titer.. il l KPHONES Muln T173: Real. A-SOM. All dirnrtnionti roitcbed by thw number. Tell th operator wbat dprftmcnt yon want. UtRUIOS APVKRTISINO R FT E-KKS EN T ATI V E. , h,wmn A Kentnor Co., Bnroavrlck Building, . VW t lftb vdo.-KW Xork; 1001-08 Bore Bull 4!n. Ctoleaso. ' - SnbsrripMon Twra (y mull or t any addr In Um Suited State. .Canada or Metlco: " . v . DAILY." - v ; '' m rar....,..3.00 I On month... I M . SL'KDAt. . bci year..'..). ..$2.80 f On aioorli. ...... .8 . . DAILT AND 8UXDAT, On jrr ...$T.B0 I On month....... .8 .W There is only ohe real failure In Ufa possibles and that la, not to be true to the beat ona know. Canon Farrar. -3 TIDINGS FROMTIIE EAST A MESSAGE from the east was carried to. Oregon -orchardlsts .by E.. R. Lake ' In Sunday's Journal. , Mr. r Lake Is well known to orchardlsts throughout the north west through' his long conn.ee tlon with the Oregon' Agricultural college, and his activity in the fruit growing organizations of the' region He la now In" the division of pomol ogy In. the department of agriculture at Washington. He is making a sur vey of the walnut orchards of the - Pacific coast and will devote a month to the work; In Oregon". , Mr. Lake 'Bays Oregon orchardlsts are not menaced by the ' effort of easterners to develop the apple' in dustry. Their apples ar! primarily for the summer, autumn and early winter markets, and therefore not In serious competition with the main portion of . the Oregon product In omej)f out-varletiestheeastern pro ducers are unable to compete at all. We are king In the growing ; of Spitzenbergs, a prime seller in Amer ican markets. The district! in which they can" fjow Newtowns are nar rowed .And the labor phase Is a -serious handicap. They do' not pack with the finesse' that we do, and will never have the spirit and resolution to meet our -standard In that Import- am pnase or tne Dusmess. rney can not reach our standard In color and size, two other essential features. These and other considerations con vince Mr. Lake, after splendid oppor tunity In his department to study the; situation, that: Oregon growers will continue to have i a. comparatively clear, field for sale-Ot their fruit. The Oregon growers have literally placed themselves fit the head of the list In the Industry. - They are e'serv-' where recognized as premiers In the business,, and the state accepted as the home and" headquarters of the apple. As an advertising feature it is giving the state distinction that is all its own and from which It profits heavily, - THE MAYOR AND THE QTJTBLER9 I T IS PROBABLE that Mayor Si mon has given expression to a thought that has already ; been In the minds of many Portlands ers. . When he said it seems to be time for the Broadway: bridge ob structionist to be ridden out of town on a rail,; he was sternly se vere, even though he qualified the expresslorrwlth-the added remark that It Is action not to be thought of." The only , way In civilized so ciety, .of course,, to deal with such figures is by lawful procedure, and no other course should be for one moment considered.. :; , . , ., - tr . - it.i i l WWM cacwt VMDU UlUUU AUU Adl VCLU" ticallty after legal technicality can be Interposed by Frank Klernan and his lawyer anrj no means be found to punish it Perhaps the mayor's stinging indictment of them may penetrate to their Inner, conscious ness, and reveal to . them the light . in .which they are held by the thou sands who are waiting anxiously for work to begin on the high bridge at Broadway.- Incidentally, are not members of the Portland bar ashamed that their profession is employed In a quest so contemptible? When the proceedings in this public enterprise are bounded and harassed as they have been by a member of the Portland bar, what regrets, muBt there be la the minds of attorneys who have an exalted conception - of the duties, responsi bilities; obligations .and good repute cf aa honorable profession. . . ... .s ,: -.- . THE SOIL GERM THE discovery of the germ that creates barrenness of solj was recently announced at a meet ing s of scientists -s in London. One speaker hailed the announce ment as the greatest discovery in 50 years ; of world history. Whether later accounts w?U confirm the value of the reported find remains to be 'seen. '' . i , . . ..,,v; It is a known fact that much is to be expected for agricultural produc tion from things that shall be learned, by the groplngs of the scientific men among germs. 'Without knowing it, ouf agriculturists for many years hat? 2:u!oyed 'the germ fhethod in many of their activities. They planted clover as a means of restor ing soil fertility, believing that, the plant' absorbed the elements for strengthening the- soil from the" stmopphere and Imparted it to the soil through the roots.- It is" now known that the fertilizing process bsftrlal sftlon at the roots of "tu I'fctit. , ;r ,,1-r;,. ,j,....,f ::'',:: .,, From time immemorial ihef have tfc-t germs' for. maturing cream for .-.-e and have' used germs In mak- ADVICE TO MR. BOWERMAN T SALEM Saturday tiigfct Mr. Bowerman flipped another flop. He made a speech there in which he said that if elected he wouldn't take part In the passage ot legislation changing the direct pri mary law. ' What a spectacle. Where he made the statement was almost within a stone's throw of the statehouse, in which in the last legislature he voted for a, measure to change the primary law. That measure was the Mariner bill and it proposed to mutilate. the primary law by creating assemblies. Mr. Bowerman not only voted for the Mariner bill, but he was so afraid U would not pass that he got down from the 'president's desk, called an other senator to the chair and made a speech advocating its passage., He said he did not like the direct pri mary, and that he would rather vote for a candidate nominated ' by con ventions. . When there' was no elec tion approaching, and he felt secure, he did all he could to mutilate the direct ; primary. He. ridiculed it, jeered at it and spat upon It. ; But now when an election is near, he eays he will not aid in any attempt to change the direct primary. 1 .. Nor Is this" all. Mr.' Bowerman's Salem speech was made three' days after ,he. was called before his cam paign coinmUtee to give advice rela tive to a; certain , rooluiJoitvtTiaJ; resolution declared in favor bt the direct primary, in. favor of Statement One, and f declared ; against assenv biles. That was ;a case where Mr. Bowerman'B decision meant some thing for or against the direct pri mary. ' If he-had said the word, the committee would ' have passed "the resolution.- . ;".. But' Mr. Bowerman did not say the word. The committee, after advis ing with him, rejected the resolution and' thereby went on record against thmtrect primary, agalhsTStatev meht One and for assemblies. In the face 'of this official,' known and In delible record Mr. Bowerman's talk at Salem "is absurd. ' ' If Mr,; Bowerman is a friend of the direct primary, why did he vote for the Mariner bill that would have scuttled the direct primary? If Mr, Bdwermah favors the direct primary, why did he make a speech for the ing vinegar through so-called mother of ' vinegar. . The process of ' using yeast for bread, making, known to every : housewife, Is only another form of using germs. At. the, Oregon Agricultural col lege . Jn his time Professor Pernot used germs for controlling the flavor of cheese and butter;- process that is widely used in dairying. Wines are inoculated for :; control of , the flavor in California, and in the same state an Insect whose sting Imparts flavor to figs v is Imported "'- from Smyrna. - Before the Oregon farmer attempts to . grow alfalfa now he inoculates the soil with other soil in which the "plant- has been grown and in wiych the nodules are found. The possibilities yet to be worked out through, discoveries and use of germs is a vast field of. conjecture. Arid lands may yet come under the Influence of the germ action,, and huge production result where no triads st' grass Or stalk -of -wheat ever grew, before. The agricultural . de partment at Washington is -already issuing germs .that are supposed to restore fertility to the soil. ; The ex haustion of soil by the tobacco plant Is now . supposed to result from the action of '"a germ and it may be the exact variety reported In the; congress of London scientists. If In the future the occupied lands a vav uy.ui v , vaaw viAuyivuHawue quadruple their present crops, it may be the result of better knowledge of bacterial action. : ' 7 HOW COFFET& WAS SACRIFICED THE MANY friends, of John B. Coffey must realize that he was given the double cross by the . .. Beach Bowerman Cohen and Big Business combine that ran the assemblies. Coffey was a candidate fdr secretary of state. . That he had a great personal following is shown by the splendid vote he received for county clerk. Though pitted against Frank Fields, a man almost invin cible for the position, Coffey carried the handicap of being an assembly, candidate and. was defeated by a plurality that : was comparatively .small. He actually ran about 3000 votes ahead of all other assembly candidates. But the assembly briga diers crowded him out of the nom ination for secretary of state, fooled him into acceptance of the nomina tion for clerk and In the" end left him and his friends high, and dry. It was a simple case of playing the whole game for Bowerman and double-crossing everybody else that stood in the way ef the Gilliam coun ty politician, IN BEHALF OF CHILDREN N ENCOURAGING . feature bt the time Is the progress of the child labor movement So late as 1904 the i -year age limit was operative In but 12 states. Now it is in effect in 37. But eight of tne states have failed to adopt it Within six -year. 13 states' and the District of Columbia have estab lished departments ot inspection, tor the enforcement of child labor laws. These bureaus are efficacious in pre venting evasion and nonappllcatlon or tne child labor restrictions .tLXiejuand.fhf Dlatriot ot-Co- lurabia have- established an V eilit hoir day for children under 1 6, This is progress, but there..la much yet to oe aone. no .field of state legist Mariner bill in which he stated as president of the Oregon senate 'that he would rather vote for candidates nominated by conventions than can didates nominated by the direct pri mary? If he is, was,-or ever can be a friend of the direct primary, why did he turn down In his campaign committee the. resolution declaring for the direct primary .and against assemblies? In heaven's name, with what kind -of stuff does Mr. Bower man think he can bamboozle the peo ple of Oregon? Though It is. against him, The Journal will be generous-enough to give Mr. Bowerman some good-ad vice. It is disinterested, and. it is sincere. Here It is: Mr. Bowerman, don't flip flops. The, people know exactly where you are, and you can not fool them. Cake tried It, and what happened? , You are Irrevocably pledged to the assembly, platform.. ; By all the ob ligations of honor and manhood, you cannot violate that pledge. - That platform declares that we have the right to. ''assemble for considering the fitness of candidate and making recommendations to the people." The people know you are so pledged, and that If you go back on it that you can not be . trusted in ; any other pledge. . . , They will think a great deal more of you and you will get more votes if yort stand u like a man and fight for your principles. They admire a man who never hauls down1 hla col ors. They have) a wholesome con tempt for a quitter, a trimmer or an artful dodger.. They wllj think more of you and you will get more votes if you stand squarely on the plat form to which you' are irrevocably pledged and to which every one of them knows you are pledged, than if you go' to flipping flops and trying to carry water on both shoulders. No man can serve two masters. No man is smart enough to fool both sides. Cake tried -it and lost The Journal sincerely advises you to be a man and not a political contortion ist. You cannot make that game work. Run your assembly colors to" the masthead and fight for them to the last ditch, - and you will have wide respect, and might beat. West, the man who always makes good, and never flops, , tlon is more appealing for effort in behalfvof the race.. An eight hour day for children un der 16 ought not to be confined 'to 10 states. . It should have applica tion in every state., -A bureau' for enforcement of child labor - la"wsK niitynf aI . WA 1tMl.n . in 1 There Is tremenddus usefulness for: it in every state and the work will never be conjpleted until very.(state Is firmly entrenched in Vpolicy of protection for growing children. It is ajtar nobler activity than protec tion' for filling the pocketbooks of the Guggenheims and other manag ing men of privilege. PAYING THE PENALTY D EATH'S TOLL from forest fires now sweeping over i northern , Minnesota may reach 40 0. Four towns have been destroyed. Hundreds of settlers are talBslng and the death list, grows hourly. Bodies of 98 dead have already been gath ered. Thousands of refugees are fleeing from the flames In all direc tions. It is another penalty we pay for the crippled forest servlee. Pinchot who was extending the forest patrol as protection against fires, was dis missed to satisfy Ballinger.'; Senator Heyburn of Idaho declared that "for est fires are nature's remedy.1-Otherf senators jeered at the forest rangers and likened them to Emperor Wil liam's gamekeepers. Northern Min nesota people are now paying the ter rible penalty of Guggenheim conser vation. . , - - OCTOBER M ISS SUMMER. ' somewhat faded and frazzled, yet still lovable, "came back," even in rude October. The creatures of the world welcomed her, espe cially after "the chill rains and gusts ot October, and the Oregon world gave her a fond good bye. She was with us long; she loved us all dearly, as we did her. Bui this is October, fall; summer has .gone;"; yet there Is much In Oc tober to love and admire and praise. The rain of it; the sunshine of it, the " gusty "breezes " :the "" floating storm-clouds; ' : the ' musio .' of - the refreshed, rippling and .roaring streams; the plowing of the broad grain lands, the great, golden, glor ious harvests, going forth to feed the world ten thousand -things make October almost as lovable as June. , " --.'' It is the month of gold October. Fifty-two workmen entombed in a Colorado mine are illustration of the perils that have to be faced by our toilers. The explosion that cut off their escape shook the earth for a distance of seven miles in all direc tions. The men whose hands- rear our skyscrapers, provide our fuel; of fleer our railroad ; trains and in a thousand other ways provide for our wants, should have a , wage . to . ftf me dangers they constantly face. One of the ablest Jurists in Ore gon Is Supreme Justice Will'R, King! Ha is known throughout the state as an- independent thinker of pro found powers of analysis. ' He has as among tne members of the bar of applying' a great deal of common sense -as well as broad intelligence in" construing the law.- Judgo King r r t-T t'fi - " : . n I,, t w tilntlli, i - : ' i t . . i. is opposed by Judi Gtrr-- II. Bur nett, w ho was nominated l y tho . sembly, who accepted the nomination from the assembly and who stand on the platform-' of the assembly, which platform says we have the. right to assemble for "considering the fitness of candidates and making recommendations to the people." Bourne's offense is that -he has fought hard for Statement One and the direct primary. And that Is the only reason in the .world why the as sembly candidates and assembly pa pers ,are fighting him so. hard. If he were for the assembly and assem blyisra, he would be hailed In the Bowerman camp as a great and good man.' " . ' :-: . . ':.;-:: Trlai of the trunk murder case begins In-a local court today. The scheme of the crime presents phases to deeply interest criminologists; : A study of the relations of the three principals in the tragedy and of the final chapter in the affair should af ford muchfood for reflection on the intricacies and monstrosities of this social structure of ours. - - It Is to be hoped that the aviator who is trying to fly from Chicago to New York, in. seven days may suc ceed and win the $30,000 prize that will be the reward for his daring. It is a great sum, but even greater, is the hazardand difficulty of the work the skyman is attempting. . Letters From tiie PcopU Sirs. Duniway on Equal Suffrage. , To the editor of Tha .Journal. It has been: the purpose of the present equal auffragra campaign In Oregon to set an example fop the future voters of our aex by studiously avoiding political atrlfa. ' , .We realli that men are en gaged In a many-sided atruggla of their own, : In which ' they f, are armed with bAllots;Si4id It has been our determina tion, which wt expect to perpetuate, to ablda--by ths"rsxamplsTJf--the enfran chlpefl women of Wyoming, Colorado, Utah and Idaho, by keeping out of party ; politics further than to vote against bad, unscrupulous men and gratters In our own silent way, If by any. of the machinations wa read about In the papers, such men ara up for of fice. ,- ' But in youf ' editorial of yesterday, you say, among many good things about Our movement, lso many thing's over which you are in error, that I should be recreant to my duty to the more than 40,000' of my women constituents, of Oregon who have for so tnapy years entrusted me -'with tho responsibility of leadership, if I wera not to reply, - That many woman . ara "lnalf ferentr about thair anfranchlsement to the ax tent that thay make no- publlo demon stration about its exercise Is true. That many men. ara likewise Indifferent la also. trua. But, If women, with tiielr - ight to vota no longer withheld, should i..- i . . i u . recelye a moiety of the encouragement. not to say urging,- to register, and . vote which all the papers offer without atttxt to men, there Is no doubt that they would b; no mora recreant to .duty than , men' are sometimes accused of beings and - for reasons aufflclent lo themaelvea. But Mr. Editor. If adltora. or any other men, or set of men, should combine as men now so often do against women, all - to deprive men ef their right of choice, and such men had no ballots with which to defend that' right, how many "lridlfferant"1 men would go unarmed into tha open to make their tight with a ballot-armad enemy, know ing that tha conditions were all upon. tha. aide of the balloted hosts? . Tou will pardon ma for speaking plainly, but I must call your attention to tha fact that all experience has prov en the contrary when you tell ul that 'If a large proportion of women really wanted the ballot they would get It" In each of the four states whera. wo man haya not been prohibited by men from exercising their right to vote, there were only a vary few women who openly asked ; for the right - But in every stata where tha women's demand has been active tho men have mar shalled their ballotted hosts and battled them down. In tha state of Oregon wa wera gaining ground among tne voters at every election-; and no well informed woman doubta that wa would hava bean accorded our right to vote ttroughthi-MSfmen Tfealtern agitators had kept themselves out of our struggle. But by marshalling a 1000 inexperienced women to Invade the precincts and try, by their "influenc" to prevail upon men to vota yea for us at tha polls they aroused mora opposi tion among, tho present electorate than was encountered by women In tha four enfranchised states, where women af fected "Indifference," and depended for votes upon the chivalry of men. - I know it is the fashion for soma men and newspapers, backed by leas than a; soora of women who comprise tho 'Association Opposed," etc to say we hava been often "defeated." Tha truth la tbat wa have never been defeated at all, nor can wa ba, 'co long as men will continue to monopouae tne c-auot, wmie keeping our hands tied, ' But our en couragement Ufes in tha constantly in creasing affirmative votes of men. Wo men will get the ballot when men, by their chivalry and sense of justice, gal lantly accord them tha right which is now withheld from us by tha. law of might and by. that tmyi.-n;..U-h-f That woman suffrage la coming oa apace Is a foregone conclusion among all ' thinking, - Just- and liberty-leVing men. If Oregon really desire surcease of the agitation by Imported agitators who are now -stirring tha state with turmoil, and unsettled conditions, her liberty and justice loving voters will no longer vota against the silent .vote of liberty and justice-loving women, who ara conspicuous by their absence from the unseemly parades, or other emo tional antics of. tha extremes of so ciety. Then, the vota of tha future, Ilka oil on - the waters, will ease the mad passions of both extrenjes, and load us at last into ways of pleasantness and peace. , Tha public spirited men of Oregon, who prepared, financed, circulated signed, and certified our petitiona for us, ; laid ' great stress on- the closing clause of tha -petitions as to taxpaylng women, which,: at laat, to our great' joy, have been found to call for tho complete opening of tha door of the constitution to all women on equal terms with men, while tha rights of men ara never , to be disturbed at' all by tho votes of woman. , 'ABIGAIL SCOTT DUNIW At, v i' President Oregon State Equal Buffage Association. - A Curious Comment ' - i. . s From the Hood River News.-'-' I ' We find that now that tha primary election-is over, anti-assembly partisans, particularly. mose wno pave Ceen noml .JBtt.tdirer-,'UlgJaLJJ.casaJuf;baii and stating in no uncertain terms th'f "we must get together." In fact, these nominees are rather Of the opinion that the ansembly is not such a, bad thing after all,, which, 'of course, read between the, lines means, -."now that , we have Btztza Qir.:: to People Will Vota on Constitutional Amendment on Nov. 8. Wlifrn the legislature of Oregon was In B.ossion..iln 1903 the railroad eltuatlon had reached an acute stage, and the call for relief in tha opening of central Oregon became the primary cause for the adoption by the legislature for aub miseion to the people of a constitutional amendment that would permit tha peo ple of the stat to pledge their credit for the purpose of building or acquir ing railroad lines. , This amendment designed to place In the handa of the people of tha state as a whole, or of counties, municipalities or railroad districts specially created the power to meet any emergency that may in future arise, will be voted on by tha people in November. The fact that pri vate capital has einca started lines into central Oregon does not In any way ef fect the value of the proposed .amend ment ita v advocates :1 declare, because Other sections of the state remain unde veloped and because it is, desirable al ways to have a weapon at'hand to re lieve the people from railroad inaction, exaction or domination. . v : - The amendment itself la plain reading and can beet be understood by setting It- forth in full: -v - rV.:. 'V.'t 11 The amendment -'provides the people or the legislature may create- railroad dlstrtetat any state, county, municipal ity or ;railroad district may ; purchase, operate or lease; tha state vbr , any division mentioned ' .rinay pledge Its credit,- levy general taxes or create a lien upon land and tha real "estate of towns benefited to create a psrehetse or construction -fund; the state la given power to condemn railways "under the power of 'eminent domain, er to pur chase, the price in case of purchase not to exceed tha cost of duplicating tha property. - , Other provisions of the proposed amendment ara: ' --.. "Section 6. The state, or any county, municipality or railroad district ahall not, operate any railroad, or other high way unlesa .compelled bo to do for good reasons, or unless justified in so doing by a superior profit or tesult but bo railroad, or other highway, or any part thereof, ahall be leased for a less rental than will provide for the payment of the Interest and fixed charges, and a proper tkiffg-fmid foe tha retlrenwht-of-tha debt or If there .. ba no debt then for a reasonable ; return uponjftthe investment, such f as - would Sa ia manded by private capital S.I w "Section 6. , No railroad or ' ether highway, owned by tha state, or any county,.- municipality or railroad dis trict shall b old to a prtvat person, or corporation, Dor disposed of, except to the state, or a rubllo , corporation tbereof. and any such transfer or amal gamation shall not Impair the obliga tions issued in behalf of tha road or highway transferred . or amalgamated." It win ba ohserved that the adoption of this amendment does not "put "the Btate In the railroad businesa.". it does give tha state, through tha paopla or the legislature, the power to go into that business whenever such action is deemed expedient Whenever the con struction of a new line or the purchase of an exlaUng road may appear to ba tha most effective remedy for conditions tpat may arise, the people would not be compelled to wait indefinitely for action with this amendment In effeot -. In J3P sense, therefore, tha question of wnlng pr operating state railroads la not before tha votom That question might arlaa in concrata form after -the amendment is adopted, but only after further action by tha people or through their representatives. ; : . , As tha constitution stands, thera Is nothing in it to prohibitthe building or ownership of railways by tha state. But tha constitution prohibits a greater state debt .than 150,000. The amendment would remove this limitation and -allow tha stata to raise money for railroad work by bond Issue. It would also per mit tha levying of general taxes or tha creation of a special lien upon land and tha real estate of cities benefited to create a railroad fund. Thla fund could ba used either for tha construction of a new road or tha purchase of an existing una. -..- .y ,.. - - ; u- .. . . ..... Tha amendment also favors the leasing system rather than operation by the state itself, providing, that tha state, county, municipality or railroad district ahall not operate "unless compelled to do so for good reasons, or unless Justi fied in so doing by superior profit or result but . tha rental must be large enough to , take care of interest pay fixed charges and . provide a sinking October 10 in Hist The United States . Navat academy was founded by George Bancroft, sec retary of the navy, during the admin istration of James K. Polk. It was at first called tha Naval schoot" For sev eral years prior to Mr. Bancroft's ef fort. In 1845, there was a school work ing along similar lines at tha Naval asylum in Philadelphia, where the mid shipmen prepared themselves for exami nation for, promotion; , ? Tha Naval school was formally opened at Annapolis on October 10, 1845, - In Fort Severn, which had been trans ferred by the war department for tha purpose. The course was fixed at five years, of which the first and last only were to be passed at the school, and the Intervening three at sea. o Tha first midshipman that received a course of instruction and graduated from ths school wera tbosa who, en tered the service in 1840. In 1850 the school was reorganised, the name was changed to tha United States Naval academy, tha eonrso was increased to seven, years, the first and last two years to be passed at the school the inter vening three at sea. At this time the separate departments of instruction vara established, a vessel waa provided and annual practice (cruises were insti tuted." In 1851 the requirement of sea service was abolished? leaving tha coursa four 'consecutive years of study. ; '- At the outbreak of tne Civil, war in 1861 the -Naval academy -was removed to Newport, R. IH where it remained until the summer of 1855, when It was reestablished at Annapolis. In 1870 tho title of cadet midshipman was ,aubsti tuted for that of midshipman, and three years later ths course was increased by the addition of. two years' sea service in cruising vessels, at the expiration of which the. cadet - midshipman returned to the Naval academy ror examination in professional subjects prior to - final graduation. ,"." s; ; '( '- :- ; V.-"- Originally one naval cadet was al lowed for each member and delegate of the house of representatives, an by appointment of the president, one for the District of Columbia ' and 10 for1 the country at Irg.v in 1900 ths num ber" of cadets at th academy was in creased by an act authorizing appoint ments to the academy every four, years instead of six. .:'-.;': ' '.'': The number' of officers in service subsequent to the Spanish-American war was wholly Inadequate to the in creasing demands of the fleat and as ' ' ..'.:.-.-. '.- been nominated we want your support, regardless of the principles we have been so loudly dnerylng?' (In other words, anti-assembly' candidates don't Buill Railrc-L fund. If the road la not In debt and no sinking fund is required,' the rental must pay a reasonable return upon the Investment, such" as private capital would demand. , Friends- of the amendment point out that control of the Iron highways of a state is a fundamental power of the peo ple akin to control of ordinary roads and canala. The state of Oregon act ually owns one railroad, . the portage railroad at Tha Dalles,' but this merely constitutes a link In Columbia river transportation and. serves the purpose of keeping down railroad rates. It is sufficient however, , to illustrate tha point that the present constitution does not prohibit ownership or operatloft by tha state, and the amendment is not a departure In that line. . - .v . Railroads are usually built ty bond Issues, which are disposed of in the open market -: They are not often built with money from pockets of the pro moters. This amendment its adherenta say, "Will' put'tha stata of Oregon on an equality with private capital in the bond markets if it should later be deemed expedient to carry the amend ment Into effect. - - ' : Another argument r tha proponents of, the measure is that the more. 'pos session of , tha power by the state to build railways, a power which may be called Into use at any time, Is likely to b a sufficient safeguard against railroad inactivity and exaction. It is remembered "that immediately ti t?,i: amendment was proposed in Salem and the substantial oommerclal interests; of the state want behind It, announcement began to come that tha Southern Pacific Intended' to build into central Oregon without delay. - - Suspicion was excited that these an nouncements were timed for the purpose of killing tha amendment In its baby hood. 3 But tha legislature passed the proposition up to the people, after being urged, to do so by1 a strong delegation from the Portland Chamber of Com merce and influential business Interests from all parts of the state. Because of tha later actual construction work In tha Deschutes by the Hill and'Harriman lines, the Portland Chamber of Com merce has since dropped out of the fight andls giving no attention-to tha amendr ment .- ,.:,:-, . . '-',. ;. ".; . k x., . Opponents of the measure take ths position that the occasion for it has passed because of the construction of tha Una into central Oregon. They de clare ; there Is danger of the forma tion of railroad districts or tha projec tion of half-baked railroad building plans by cities or counties giat would Impose heavy obligations upon tha peo ple. They argue that It is useless to enact such an amendment unless it Is intended for use, and they oppose Its use on the ground that State ownership has produced high rates where It has bean tried, would not tend to secure better service, would create a new class of patronage for politicians, and would ba unable to produca a profit for the stats. . Back of all this is urged tha argument that the state should keep out of the railroad business and 'limit its ; acti vities to mora effective regulation of rataa and service. A'l of these ideas opposing the amendment are combated by . Us .advocates, who are ready to qjuots statistics to show that state ownership does work well in other places, They aay the railroad U already In politics, and. It .would 4 better for the state to run the railroads than. to prolong tha struggle by which the rail roads seek to rule the state. v Anotjier argument ti opposition to the amendment is that its adoption would prove a disturbing clement in tha busi ness world. An approving; vote by the paopla would be' taken by the world as notlca that Oregon had - embraced tho prlnolpla of state ownership, it is eon-tended,- and would hava a discouraging effect on railroad construction, and upon other investments of eastern capi tal All of which Is, denied as "bun combe duet" by the friends of tha measure.' Sufficient answer to this, it la declared, is that-tha most substantial business Interests of the state sent re presentatives to Balera to, fight for its submission to the people. ' Tha amendment on tha ballot is tlO 7es- and 811 "No." In the official pamphlet sent out by the ' secretary of stata will b 'found an argument In Its favor by C. B - S. Wood,- E. Hofer; Will lam Grimea, B. 4. J. McAlUster. and W. 8. U'Ren. . . --,. - . . - , nnapolis Jayal Academy ber.is through tha Naval . academy, an Increase in the number of cadets was proposed. This Increase, made by con gress In 1108, provided for the appoint ment of .a cadet every two years by each senator, congressman and delegate In congress, and 11 by the president Thrre ' are Schools similar to our Naval academy all over the-world. The naval school of the British govern ment Is located at Dartmouth on board the old line of battleships, though academic buildings were recently com pleted ancT occupied.'' The German Naval academy is located at Kiel. The training pf officers and men In tho French navy has undergone considerable change of late. The principal naval Schools are tha Polytechnic at Brest with separata schools for engineers' and medical department The naval school of Denmark Is located at Copenhagen; of Turkey, at Kaasimpaaha and on the Island of Halkl; of Sweden, at Stock holm. The principal source of supply of offlcara for the Russian navy is the naval academy at St Petersburg,, and there Is also a school of navigation and ordnance at Kronstadl The Japanese naval officers are educated mostly ; at the academy of Kfire, and the Italian naval school at Leghorn. Besides : the Naval academy at An napolis, there is a' Naval-War college at Newport,' R, I.,which performs the double i function of preparing plans of navel operations and instructing offi cers in special llnea. The torpedo school for both officers and men Is lo cated at the torpedo station on Goat Island, Newport harbor. The principal training station for enlisted men Is the one for apprentices a Newport; ' but there are others at Port Royal, - 8. C, Ban Francisco and other point. 'Gun captains are trained on the gunnerv training ships, which usually hava head quarters at Port Royal ' .' ; r; Today Is the birthday of John; Duke of Argyll, statesman and commander (1880); Benjamin West th American artist (17J8); Hezaklah Niles, founder Of "Nlles' Register": (1777); Georse P. LMbrrls, tha Amerloinpoet (1S02); Wil liam j. waraee, wnose "Hardee'a Tac tics" are the standard in the army (18150; Samull J. "Randall, eminent Democratic sfitesman (1838); Queen Isabel- II of Sfpafn (1810) j Edna Dean Proctor, poet (1838)(i and Fridjof Nan sen, the Norwegian Arctic explorer xoaay is tne date of the death want organization before the primary, but ara very anxious "for peace and har mony" afterward If they get tha.npml- natlona. -, - . -. - ---.- k - . - . -.-:'tr.: ;-:vVv.--..-: CI Words are ot'-n cheap thln.?s. Dres.1? .up and go to the horse show. ! . The more rain, the richer Is Oregon, i Fine time to build some good roads. Eat apples instead of drinking whis key. ...... - Watch-Bob Glenn Smith's errroke when he gfita afire. - Watch lower Seventh street grow, but don't get run owr. ...... ' .';'' " ; ''. ' ' O, old October Isn't so bad, after alls but It suggests an overcoat, - " . .- : Love goes on, conquering and to con quer; even though it rains. .-.: ... AVell, you old census bureau. Port land has a lot more now, anyhow. Go after and encourage mannfficturesj they help greatly to make a great city. :;.;;'(. ; .,;, .;'"''' y'y:: The , wholn trouble Is, prohibition doesn't prohibit, and won't for; quite a while. ;. . - . 1 .. . ' - . (...' ". . :' y- . y- -. . -: The horse is a fine creature, but he Isn't the main thing, by several thou sand dollars. ... ; ' , , ... ,. -.,..- . ::; .' : " y r -";; Good Judges say West will carry Multnomah county by about 6000. There's a reason. - A Connecticut woman made 810,000 this -year selling epgs. This is one of the few stories we don't doubt ! - ,. - '.-. : ; -; ; .. ' -.: : :'y : rr:'tjrz Vratt An American col lector has -paid $200,000 for the Rubens lcture "Bath of Diana." Pictures of liana in her bath come high. -; --.'..': i " ; t.i,.-'' . l ' Boston Globe: . Both the grand par ties are once' more safely equipped with Btaridard bearers. And meanwhile, a few mackftrel have come to market, the woods are beginning to glow, apples are getting better every day, and with a few exceptions tha weather Is beautiful Oregon SicleKgnts , Pastures are all green again in Ore- ' gon. - 1 Tha farmers of Oregon wars neves happier. , , . - Near Central Point Tl aores sold cheaply for $35,000. .. , , . r . . Seventy trees in Rogue river valley filled two. ears wHh apple shipments. ' i ..;,.-?s About as fine'" apples a ars' raised . anywhere ara produced near. Jiyrtls . Point, Connection hes been made with tha new $100,000 dollar Lang creek water works system, and Cottage Grove is now abundantly- supplied with - pure . mountain water. It is a great achieve ment, says the Leader.; Fossil Journal: Fine tains-haver fal len at Intervals durinr the past week, and grass has begun to grow nicely on the ranges. , The ground Is about wet . enough-for plowing, and farmers ex pect to get most or tneir ground turned over this fall before freeaing weather sets In. Tillamook ountv -carried off first and second prizes for cheese at the Salem ' state fair, T. J. Ballantlne of Miami se curing first prize by a score of 96: and Claud Christensen second prize by 1 a score of 96; A. C Rogers of Long Prairie scored 94; Adam Sohmelzer of Red Clover-93 V4i John Pennoch -of Three Rivers, on commercial Stock. Grown-right here in.little Old Astoria are some of the finest apples one ever ' flopped -a lip over says the Astoria Budget. There Is on exhibition at the chamber of commerce rooms some Bis marck, apples 15 inches in -iclrcumfer-ence that were grown by Julius T.- Ja- " cob of Twenty-ninth street-and Grand avenue. There IS plenty of opportimitlea for all the property owners of the city' to have a few apple treea in their yards, and each tree planted encourages others to do the same. With 'Astoria surround ed by orchards-it would not be neces sary to import this kind of fruit from distant points. - ? , - ,,. , . .- a,, a V . Society story from the Pendleton East . Oregonlan: . Major Moorebouse of this -city is telling a good Joke on himself which happened Saturday. Among the Portland visitors to the Moorhouse booth, which attracted more attention than any other one booth at the fair. . wera Mr. and Mrs. Harry Corbett After the major had very carefully explained hla collection to them, they 'went out At-about 'the same time, a dirty faced little Indian baby wandered In, and picking it up Moorhouse placed a blue ' ribbon en it and jokingly told a friend that his baby had won the first prize. Mra. Corbett who had observed the incl dent was heard to remark, "Why, I did not know he-was a squaw-man h ssemsd so nice."'... ' :. , An Assembly Organ's Remarks, From the Dallas Observer; C. J7, Hodson,,of Portland, has a bad case of cold feet and wants; the Re publicans of Oregon to unite In one grand chorus for Statement No. 1. Fofw ' lowing his lead comes Timothy Tickle- ' breeches Qeer, with a pair of refrigerated' No, lis, and declares that he quite agrees J with his friend HOdsort. The exgovernor says ths ' only way for the Republican party to win in Oregon is to arous. greater Interest In the primary elections. As tO'Just how this is to pe aceom- ' plished without some form of party or- ganlsatlon, tha brother Is' strangely si- lent The assembly stirred up more In- 7 terest in politics than had been shown -since Oregon adopted the dlrect prlmar ' law, and eVen then not one-third of the voters took part In Saturday's battle of " ballots. Without some form of assem- , hlv -there can be no Orraniznrlnn knA political parties will gecom a thlnf of (Via Ml :-, S I WLlccr - (Contributed to Th lournal ty Walt Htsoo. tb lainon Kami poet, ill pro-poeni r rrguUr fetur of thl uluma U To .Dally Journl.) ( , Man shaves with all his" might nd keeps the lather flowing; he:' shaves 0y day and night, and' whiskers keep on growing. The.com may wilt and die In hot winds that are blowing beneath a ' brazen , sky, but whiskers keep on growing. ,' Th crop of wheat mayk fall, , tha oats' may make no showing, while ruined farmers wall but whiskers keep on growing. Tv lost my crop of beans, there are no pease surviving;' but tlU my whlskerlnes vara flourishing and thrh'lng. ' The plants that bring us mon all kinds of care are needing; we labor in the sun,, at hoeing and at weeding; ' when shipped they bring ns dough, to pay us for' their crating; and BtiU our whiskers grow, and need no cultivating, We do ,not anrlnkle them " With Paris green and water, the ravages to sem , of bugs ;that; gnaw-and slaughter; we do .not set up, poles between ' ths rows of whiskers," or set our traps lor mples. field mice and othor frlskere.' pur whiskers need no care, no Chemicals to nourish; they rear Aheir fronds In air like Island palms, and flourish.- But In the jnaritetPlft" where people buy and ftTOI,WgWJs.JafllUlrXace-.wl, bring a bogus quartoi' And that's the way . things go, throughout the world, my neighbor; the thine that bring us aougiv re iruus oi care ana labor. Cfiprrlrht. 1910, - br - Ceorc ittbr Adaffl. A n