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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (June 13, 1909)
fHE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL!, PORTLAND, SUNDAY MORNING, JUNE 18, 1909. r ; , , ' ' - ' " . ' . ; . v V Children PnraH I ' : . 1 1 1 1 . ., : , ,, ; ' , ' . , r " j , ' ' , , , ' , -, '. , r ' " " " --"WilP 1 " ' ' ' ' r ' .... .. i. 'yjP" ' ,. .,.,-. .,ll. ,.. Vv -fiflPMPi mil) 1 1 ippiiijj,i.i' m ' .U.MIP..P . lit ' if " . ...,.-V,,::-, ! i i " ' t f J A . ? 1 - -row.- 4 , ' - - """" 1 , c 1 "MVjl'MMh ' ' ' ' ' """" "'" " r " muimm. -x ilQjaBLafLM-,. ..v,,, U ' U I fffTTl i mr i Mu tirfifi fff iii y i uulj" 3 it' Li 1. "f A Y w-" ' (' V - l - - !',A''" ' J,' mi . wmmmmmmmmmi ' V s Aft y. - J I I. " ' ' 1 Kailv tlie prettiest feature of the Rose Festival c-elpbratlons just coni Iilcted with last nights i-ltvtrlriil pn raito was thp paralu of tin; school c hil dren held on the enst side Friday evcnliiK. The thousands of children, boys and. rIfIh. In their white suits and drpssis marched and drilled with more than mil itary precision. While not the most heralded event of the festival week, It was by long odds the mOHt inspiring. The photographs reproduced In The Journal nhow several groups of the chlldrun as thev appeared on their line or march. The fftrls from some of the were almOBt at a loss to determine In what way best to award the prizes. It whs finnllv decided to give the Williams Avenue kcIiooI the A. H. Man lev prize for the best percentage of the Mav attendance in the marching line. and the second to the Montavllla school schools wore wreaths of flowers in thei Sunn vslde was given the; prize for the hair. Those from others carried long garlands of roses which played an im portant part In their drills. All were exceptionally beautiful, and the Judges best appearing action!, while every other school In the line w;ta todav awarded a silver cup for Its fine appearance in the pauade. Great Borax Mines in Harney County BY ADDISON BENNETT. Denio, Or., June 1. I left Wild Horae. Andrews postofflce. at 6 o'clock this morning and arrived here about 5 this evening. I do not know aa I made it plain In my last letter that Andrews Ib prac tically at the southeastern extremity of Stein's mountain, but such Is the fact, and from there for a distance of some 20 miles to the south of tho mountains give way to a rough and broken country of vast hills. The foothills and skies of Stein's, clear up to the snow line, are covered with fine pasturage, while the broken hills to the south, like the most of those across the valley to the cast,, are almost bar ren In many cases entirely so. By referring to the map you will find a large area to the south and east of Andrews set down as the Alvord desert, but Just how to describe the boundaries of this desert Is a difficult matter for one who has had the time and opportunity to make bill a curBory r..nmlrstlnn Wild Horse floWS Into a sink or lake a few miles south of hero, and broadly speaking, Andrews is not in the desert. Sagebrush and Bunchgrass. Leaving Andrews I continued on the wet side of the valley for a distance of some 10 or 12 miles. Then I crossed to the eH.st side to the. borax works. In my drive down I passed through some very fine land. Indeed, it was about as good soil as one can find anywhere and is covered with a dense growth of i ink Hagebrush, interspersed with much line liuncngjrasB. U frequent intervals fine streams f..v out from the foothills, and usually these waters are utilized tor irrigation purposes by ranchers who have claims in t tie bottoms adjacent. But there arc manv streams and springs unap propriated, and fine bench lands to thereby tiling Into fertility. When I Ntarted across the valley I found what the word desert hereabouts re.illv means. The soil Is of the hard pan variety, heavy with alkali, and fparselv covered with greasewood, rab bit brush and sagebrush. It is hum ram ky and In places there are ranges of sandhills, with stagnant water now and then. From my trip across and then down this flat I should say that there are nearly 100 square miles of this worthless desert land. probably most of your readers have heard of the borax works and Its product, the "3? mlue brand." The name comes from the fact that the rnanufacturered article is hauled by teams of 32 mules each to the railway at Wlnnemucca, about 135 miles dis tant. Borax Works lAm Idle. But there is nothing going on there now. nor has there been for some two years. The plant belongs to Los An geles parties and the price of borax is so low that there Is no profit in manu facturing it so ar from a railway. The plant consists of tho mill or re flnerv, a stable and shop, and some four or five tumble down sod buildings. In fact, all are mostly built of sods or bricks cut from the alkali sod, and some of these buildings must be 2& years old, and the sods almost as hard as sandstone. No doubt the reader has seen alkali land, or land where the soil showed white as if sprinkled with a substance resembling salt. Tlia' 'a what the land around the borax plant looks like, only this substance is, In places, six Inches deep. And this is scraped up and hauled to the refinery and reduced to the pure article of commerce, and called borax. Spring In Canter of Desert. Out In tho center of a vast desert tract there Is a spring, aid this spring han for unknown ages thrown up its waters, tules and other vegetable mat ter have . grown and decayed, and in this way the spring Is now at the top of a piece of ground perhaps 40 acres in extent and possibly 50 feet higher than the surrounding land. I had heard about this spring; and had been told of the great amount of pure alum it throw up, and of its high temperature. I had been told the water was boiling hot find even hotter. So when 1 saw the site from afar I looked for a rising steam, but saw none. When I got to its margin, or within a few rods of the plant, I hitched my team to a post and tried to find someone to explain the art or system of borax making; but there was not a human belnr not even a brute there save myself and team. All was solitude and xlesolation. Every door was ajar, and In the houses the cooking utensils were standing upon the shelves and tables as though the occupants and owners had been hut recently . summoned away. Flah live in "Boiling' Water. Going up to the lake 1 could see the water bubbling up in the center, and escaping through sluice boxes Rnd pipes. I took a cup and tasted of the water from one of these boxes, and found It only slightly warm. And going around to another cpenlng I found hovering near the gate a large number Of small fish! And I will swear these fish were not boiled, but weie "alive and kicking." So if anybody tells any stories about these 'boiling waters"1 Just set the tale down as a He! Indeed the water looked so Inviting; that I thought I would take a swim across the lake and. back. It is about 100 yardt In diameter. But it ldoked very deep. In fact I could' see no bottom, and the thought came to me that if; I should bo drowned my team would perhaps perish of hun-. ger before they would be found. So I left. How Borax II Made. As to jjst how the stuff is made or purified I do not know. But it is surely gathered up in wagons, driven into a dump and thVown into a hopper, and (Here it is dissolved with water and pasxes into settling vats. There are 24 of these vats, made of galvanized lion, six feet in ulameter by ten feet deep. The water la piped from the lake and one pipe, 10 inches in diameter, drives a turbino wheel which furnishes the power. For a mile or so all around I could see the beds from which the crude material was gathered, though the richest bed is right at the works. In various places mounds are visible, apparently ready for the "harvest." But they have stood there for these two years. They resem ble haycocks, and are about three feet high. After I left Borax, as the place is calied, I bore to the southwest, back across the valley, and for miles contin ued In the desert. Then I came to the fine ranch of Melvin Doan. where there is every Indication of prosperity. He has a fine bunch of cattle and a place to be proud of. He Irrigates several hundred acres, and his meadow land looks In the best of condition. Nearlntf Pueblo Mountain. I was now approaching Pueblo moun tain, with its whitened peaks and the snow clad summits of Stein's were vis ible to the north. Soon I came within sight of the Trout Creek ranch of the American Livestock company, which lies on th, east side of the valley, the first I have noticed on that side. At noon. I stopped at a place sur rounded by tall poplars and was told I toulo get accommodations for myself and team; Soon I was sitting down to a sumptuous dinner, daintily served by an elderly lady of evident refinement and culture, whom I learned was Mrs. Catlow, widow of one of the pioneers of Harney county, and from whom Cation valley was named. But I think I will leave turther remarks about Mrs. Cat low for a future letter. Suffice It now to say that I enjoyed an hour's visit with her and her son and learned many facts which greatly Interested me. as they no doubt will your readers. 1 was now at the very base of Pueb lo, and still had 11 miles to go to Denio, which place 1 reached, as said before at 6 o'clock. Hear the Bevada. XJne. This is quite an ohl town. The old hotel, the corrals and outbuildings are made of the soil bricks" which I have described, and seem good for ft genera tion to come. The iilace ia Just on the line between Nevada and Oregon. In fact there are two towns, one in each slate. They arc about of a mile apart, and of practically the same si7te; Though 1 think in a business -way Ore iron has much the best of it. The I'ooh Bah here is D. D. Deffenbaugh, and his general store does a large business. I am sorry to say he eels all of his goods from Frisco, via Wlnnemucca. which is 110 miles away, while it Is 175 to On tario. Mr. Deffenhaugh is a loyal Ore gonlan and would like to trade in Port land If ho could. But never a bid is made by the Rosa City dealers for his trade. In Heart of Sheep Country. Denio ib in the heart of a vast sheep country, and 45,000 "muttons" are losing their wool at the shearing plant now running here. Twentv machines are clipping over 20f0 fleeces per day, and all is activity. The shearers get 9 cents per head, so they make big money and and thence north along to the west of Stein's to ihe headwaters of the Bllxen. CHICAGO IN PRAISE OREGOB National Granary in West Where Great Things Are Done in a Big Way. (Special l)liflt(ll to Tilt? Jmirnul.) Pendleton. Or. June 12. The import ance of Umatilla county as an agrlcul tural center, the immense area of her magnificent grain fields, the wealth of RESORTS Winfield House W. O. TROMBLEY, FBOF. Everything for a Tourist Fine fishing, hunting, clam digging, boating (sailing or launch parties), horseback riding, good guides for moun tain trips. The hotel commands a beau tiful view of the bay. No dust, no ex cessive heat, 4 miles by boat to Bay ocean Park, short distance to ocean beach, good home cooking, good beds and bath. Rates, $2 per day or (10 by weeW. Telephone reservations. . Steamer Sue II. Elmore and Steamer Argo for Bay City every 6 days from Portland. WENAHA SPRINGS OREGON SEASON 1909 Rates $2-$2.50 per Day $12 TO $15 FEB WEEK Reductions for longer periods and for families. For further information, write to J. A. BOBIS, Gibbon P. O., Oregon. Z i L i t i i ,l V 13 r,., pressed forcibly upon the" party of Chi- s, t up. and the hotel is crowded. The caRO business men who rode for 30 tiavel ng photographer Is here also the mle8 , automobiles through practlcallv tramping oarber. anil the gambler hovers one b,K wheat fleId over lun,j worth around lUe the vulture after Its prey. r,n , .mo no- ,-.. a.hq.,d And times are good in Denio and will ,0 Pendleton 'Once In 'this city the representative of the party as well as of the banking interests of Chicago, said : "This Is my third trio to this section of the United States and each time I come out here It is with renewed pleasure and with increased amaze-" rncnt at the remarkable progress one finds everywhere. The thing that strikes the man from the middle west most forcibly Is the intelligence dis played in your farminc. your fruit growing and the building of your cities. "I regard this great northwest coun try as the richest in the United .States, and we look to It as being our national granary and the foundation from which we must get our finest fruits and other necessaries of life. "The people here are our own kind of people, most of them having come from east of the Kooky mountains, and the cordial reception we have received makes us feel as If we were personally known to all of you. More People Greatest Need "In my Judgment what you need is more people or the right kind and more capital. We are constantly turning for investments and this trip will lead. I am sure, to a better understanding of the high grade securities you can offer ua. We have gone through a reat financial depression and I am pleased to eay mat because of your splendid re sources I find it was scarcely felt at all in this section. We believe that the speedy return to prosperity depends largely upon the coming crop and judg ing from the magnificent wheat fields we have seen the past few days there will be nothing to fear on that score. We are going home and tell our people that your section will do Its duty In that regard and more too. Financiers Looking This Way. "Every financial man In the east In all our large cities, has his eyes turned to the west to see the crop conditions and as they appear good or bad uu or down goes the price of commodities in our exchanges, which are the financial barometers. And so as you grow you will constantly call on us for more of our manufactured products and we in trn will prosper. Big- Things in a Bio- Way. "If I were footloose I would not waste many minutes In staying in the east but would come and settle in your promised land where you do big things in a big way. With your splendid cli mate and modern twentieth century methods is It any wonder that you have done in half a generation what it takes other people 100 years to do? Your future looks bright to us, and In my opinion It has Just commenced. I find that everything Is on a solid basis; the farmer Is rich, he has no mortgage on his home, hia home Is supplied with the telephone and -automobile, ana he u educating;,, hl family in th beat wav. Value will continue to increase In this country as you hvWullt oa a solid foundation. You have the natural wealth and the- greatest resource at any section I have ever visited." T) TTiV VFWSPAPFlT BY LABOR UNIONS London, June 12. The cheme to e. tablish a labor dally newspaper In Lon don is making- great headway, and !t Is stated that several prominent So cialists who have private means. In cluding H. M. Hyndman and H. O. Wells, the novilist, will financially support the journal. t present it is not known whether the trades unions can legally invest any part of their funds in a newspaper, but the scheme will be so amended as to permit of the capital being sub scribed by Individual labor men of Socialists. Joint board of the three central trade union organizations has charge the scheme, which will be fully explained at the forthcoming Trade Union Con gress to be held shortly at Ipswich. As soon as the trade unions are agreed, the Parlamentary committee of the Labor party will be asked to proceed with the formation of a daily news paper company. be for some time to come. All the time. I think, for the place ia In a good loca tion to command a big trsde. I went "over the line" Into Nevada but but only far enough to say that my trav els had taken me out of the state. I have a lot to write, about, some things I have got "rrext" to here, and per deposits of Pueblo mountain and tho before reaching here I refer to the cop- opal fields just discovered west of here. But 1 am tired and will leave these mat ters for my next letter. From hero I must retrace my route for a distance of about 15 Jtiiles to the McLean roadhouse. -There I leave the valley and pass south of Stein's mountains over into the Catlow valley. party was given a brief reception, be ing met by a number of prominent busi ness men, and they were aboard the sspe- : clal train and speeding eastward with in a short time. James C?wlnn, A. L. Knight and W. K. Brock, representing the Credit Men's! association, met the party at Walla Walla, accompanying the special train to Athena, where the line of automobiles ! were in waiting to whirl tile party through the grain fields, while the train ' continued its journey to Pendleton. The j novelty- of the trip, and the splendid ! country presented, appealed sharply to the members of the party and compli mentary remarks were freely made. Frederick If. Hawson, president of the Union Trust company speaking as the ALASKA AND BACK INCLUDING BERTH AND MEALS Only $6 a Day for 11 Days PUMMKR EXCURSIONS via "Inside Pa Bage" from Seattle to Land of Midnight Hun. Totem Poles. Ice Floes, Glaciers. Mirages, Fjords, Mountains. Islands and Foresu. ONLY TWELVE EXCURSIONS RESERVE BERTHS NOW Pacific Coast Steamship Co. E. K. DkCrandpkb, P. ii F. Aot, 249 Washington Strvet Portland 1 Uadinb Coast Resort of Northwest iMttM Ritllt M th Oeun Built ftnrlk R..,L Ewwtrie llht Call Bellii Hot ui Cold Salt Water Hatha m Heteli Billiards; Pooh Tmniei Bovlitwt Boatlitf JiOTFL TABIDS SUPPMED FROM OUH OWN JERSEY DAIRY, GARDEN AND FOtrLTR RANCH . Oanclf farton" Ordwttra. 6tiblt 8iddle ud Drhrint Horaaai Aalwnokila. Print Cottage Wte for foldnr, timetables, rate, inforamtioa BREAKER, WASHINGTON . 1 1 Eastward thro' Tine Sttwfied Northwest A trip of scenic surprises, of thorough comfort, of unexcelled meal service in short, a trip to live in memory forever. Northern Pacific Service Comprises Four Electric-lighted Through Transcontinental Trains Providing through standard and tourist sleeping car service between the Pacific Coast and Minneapolis, St. Paul, Chicago, St. Louis, Omaha, Kansas City. Direct connections to Du luth and Superior for the Great Lakes Steamer Trip. Visit Yellowstone National Park En Route. Pullman Drawing-Room ' Sleeping Cars; Leather-Upholstered Tourist Sleeping Cars; a la carte Dining Cars for all meals. Illustrated Litetature and full information about the low round-trip summer fares upon request. A. D. CHARLTON, Asst. Gen. Pass. Agent, 255 Morrison St., Portland. Northern Pacific Railway Alaska-Yukon-Paciffe Exposition, Seattle. June 1 to October 1, 1909. Ra'lnler National Park ad Paradise Valley, by auto or rail from Tacoma, June 1 to October 1. 1909. Yellowstone Park season, June 5 to Septem ber 25, 10. Boe Festival, Portland, June 7 to li, l69. SeenteeiUh National Irrigation Congress. Spokana, August to 14, 1909. r V. i j . . ... ' . . . . W " A , ' Portland Railway Light and Power Company Bulletin No. 16 GROWTH OF COMMUNITIES AS AFFECTED BY CORPORATIONS. (From the Manufacturers' Record) Street railways greatly enhance the taxable values of cities. As an average example, assume that a company extends one of its lines a mile into undeveloped cow pastures adjacent to a city. This at onre raises the price of 1000 acres of land from $300 per acre to $900, Riving an increased assessable value of $600,000 on land alone; with buildings, possibly a total of $1,000,000, on which the state and city will receive annually $15,000 in taxes. If this mile of track in two years after construction pays operating expenses, fixed charges and taxss, the average company would be satisfied. More than in any other industry, expenditures in extension and equipment of street railways reflect value to all other property in the community. It has been the universal experience that in cities where great expenditures on transportation systems have been made, every kind of business is correspondingly extended. Every time a city curtails the borrowing power of its street railway .company $1 ,000,000 it reduces its income in taxes alone by at least $10,000 per annum. In the average city the street railway company pays for and maintains one sixth of all the pave ment within corporate limits. Allowing eight yards per capita, at $3 per yard, amounts to an expenditure by the company in a city of 100,000 of $400,000. Upon this amount the company pays in terest of 6 per cent, taxes 2 per cent and maintenance 8 per cent, for which expenditure it receives practically nothing. This item amounts to 68 cents per capita per year. In addition, track and roadway construction suitable for pavement necessitates an ex penditure over what is sufficient for car service equal, to the pavement costs, upon which interest, taxes and maintenance as above must also be paid. This would amount to $68,000 per year, or 68 cents per capita. The company carries, say one fourth of its passengers free, and it costs just as much to carry a transfer passenger as -any other. There are other forms of benefit, either in cash or service, such as free transportation of policemen and firemen and payment of court costs for pauper plaintiffs. In addition, there are damage payments in excess of just claims to the extent of possibly 50 cents per capita, or $50,000 in a city of 100,000 population. All business, whether conducted by individuals or corporations, should be regulated within such limits as will insure to these units of society the freedom of action possible up to the point of preventing encroachment upon the rights of other individual or corporate units. Regulation, if at all, should be universal. It is unprofitable to a community to single out the street railway to bear the accu mulated chastisement which should be shared by a thousand others. The average city is beginning to thoroughly appreciate this, as indicated by the small following of would-be demagogues who fail to discern that their meal has been eaten. The prosperity of a country or city depends entirely upon it? treatment of invested money. Some countries of Mhe western hemisphere bursting with natural wealth are now, in large part, howling wildernesses, and will be for generations to come, be cause not one with a dollar to invest, even with a prospect of dividends of 100 per cent per annum, would chance its immediate confiscation. Bondholders want security and stockholders divi dends. If either is made uncertain, development stops. Exclusive of returns on borrowed capital, which should be approximately 5 per cent per annum, agricultural, mining, manufacturing and mercantile businesses should and do yield, when efficiently oper-" ated, at least 15 per cent per annum on the money invested by equity holders. Ten per cent of this is for the hazard, labor and responsibility of management, which fall entirely upon the stock holder. If the city regulates plants manufacturing and selling gas, electricity and other public conveniences through extortionate taxation or reduction of rates to a point of less profit than sug gested, it w;ill result in the paralysis of the industry to which such regulation is directed. This is simply an application of the law under which money flows in the course of least interference to the safest harbor. If any state or city has ambitions to be great, let it seize the present opportune moment and announce to the, world a fixed policy toward investments in which individual and corporate business, private or public, are treated absolutely on a parity in regulation, taxation and the general exercise of police power or other necessary interference. Twq recent decisions of tho supreme court of the United States inspire confidence in corporate investment. A paragraph from the decision in the Knoxville water case is: "Our social system rests largely upon sanctity of private prop erty, and that state or community which seeks to invade it will soon discover the error in disaster which foHows. The slight gain to the consumer which he would obtain from a reduction in the rates charged by the public service corporation is as nothing com pared with his share , in the ruin which would be brought about by denying to private property its just reward, thus unsettling values and destroying confidence." In the same decision regarding regulation, we find: "It is a delicate and dangerous function and ought tq be exer cised with a keen sense of justice on the part of the regulating body, met by a frank disclosure on the part of the company to be regulated. The courts ought not to bear the whole burden of saving property from confiscation, though they will not be found wanting where the proof is clear. The legislatures and subordinate bodies to whom the legislative power has been delegated ought to do their part." Stay away from courts; settle your difficulties at home among your own people. Be frank; state your full case and demand your rights, whether you are the buyer or seller, and you will be sustained. We are trying to adjust the present surface turbulence. New men are also springing up who are locally and nationally turning the tide in another direction. The leader of the future will be the man who is the embodiment of justice. He will be intellectually unsurpassed and financially-independent. He will come from the working class; will have experienced all the pangs of poverty, the struggles for recognition and the inspiration of wealth and inde pendence. The wages he will receive will be an absolute nnani-s mous approval of those he represents. His power will' not rest on his having led the mob in plundering the rich, nor in guidingr the rich in sapping the life of the poor. He will take upthe existng, order and advance it much as possible in his generation. He will believe in evolution and not revolution. In general, he will, to the extent of his ability, see that every person gets everything that is justly his. The day of the demagogue in this civilization is done. One-sided leaders have caused all the cataclysm of history. We want, and are going to get, balanced men tnto public life. The movement has started which wilt place in out city wuncils, our legislatures and the congress of our nation individuals who possess the intelligence, strength of purpose and the sense of justice whicft will force complete approval of every man, woman and child thus represented. Vested rights of corporate or incor. porate interest, whether of the rich of poor, have not in the who e life of'uj nation been in danger, and are not now, - "1 he otitic, k, both in security and returns to labor and. capital in any field.wst never brighter or more certain. . . , ; i