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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 18, 1908)
THE - OREGON DAILY JOURNAL PORTLAND." WEDNESDAY EVENING, ' NOVEMBER 18, ' 1908 COUilTliY LIFE COBSION COUG Leaves Washington for Tour of South and West-Will Discuss Various Problems Concerning Rural Devel - opment Visit Portland. (Special Dispatch to Th Journal.) Washington. D."-C. Nov. ItThe commission on country life, appointed by President Roosevelt, left Washing ton today and will visit several educa tional centers of the west for the pur pose of obtaining Information on the condition of western life, whether any thing needs to be done to Improve it, and if so what It may be. It Is pro posed to hold hearings at agricultural colleges so far as practicable as these Institutions provide effective ' organiza tions for securing the attendance of persons who are well qualified to ex press an opinion on country life ques tions. . In particular1 the commission Invites the attendance at these hearings of representative farmers, teachers, bus iness men, physicians and others who live In the open country or have direct relations with It. Accredited delegates from granges, farmers' clubs or simi lar organizations as well as farmers and others who come on their own re sponsibility amd who are likely to be helpful In the Investigation will be welcome. The meetings will be. public, but are not held for the purpose of making speeches. Pull and free discussions of the vari ous problems affecting the life of the farmer, especially those relating to the larger economic, social and sanitary form the basis for these hearings. As the commission can meet only a short time at each place, a portion of the conference will be devoted to mapping out plans for further consideration mid study of these questions, the results to be submitted at n later date for the use of thn commission. The party will divide at Sacramento, several members will go jjorth to hold hearings at Spokane. December 4 and 6. and Bowman, December 6 end 7, reaching Omaha to hold Joint sessions with the others during the Corn expo sition. The party will be in charge of C. J. Blanchard , statistician United States reclamation service, Washing ton. D. C The itinerary of the commission Is as follows: " ' .Dallas, Techs, " November 20-21; El Paso, Texas, November 22-23; Tucson, Ariz., November 24; Los Angeles. Cat., November 26-2S; Fresno, Cal.. Novem ber 27; San Francisco, Cal... November 28-29; Sacramento, Cal., November 30; Reno, Nev., December 1; Salt I.aka City, Utah, December 2-3-4; .Denver. Colo., December 6-6; Fort Collins, Colo., December 7-8; Omaha, Neb., De cember 9-10; Minneapolis, Minn., De cember 11; Madison, wis., December 12; Champaign, 111., December 14; Ithaca, N. Y., December 16; Washington, D. C, December 17. Second Party JTorthbound. Leave 8acramento December 1 or November 80; Portland, Or., December Zi Spokane, Wash., December 4-6; Bozeman, Mont., December 6-7; Oma ha, Neb.. December" 8-10. LUMBER ATTORNEYS COMPLETE COXPLAINT (Special Dispatch to The Journal Washington. D. C, Nov. 18. A. F. Specht and W. A. Wimblsh, attorneys for the Pacific . Coast Lumber Manu facturers' associn tlon, closed today i their nMtlmlntrtr 'work SB the COm- (.U4t i- i ..mnUmanfil n a Invatv ling the lata lumber freight, tacraasa ana airrerenuais to poiuis rmr suoh as Montana. They alleged that the railroads have violated the order of ' the Interstate commerce) commis sion, with reference to these matters. Tha Oregon lumber representatives who will appear before the ways and means committee of the house i nave already partly prepared matter for submission, in the form of a con condensed printed statement. In which they claim tha retention of the exist in iiiim la. nanessarv to the DrOS- nerltv of the timber Industry of tha coast as well as to tha national con servation movement ; Senator Fulton will arrlva here to morrow, ' 25 YEARS OF STANDARD TIME .... i y':' - M r -v i '' ' 'V ' . . . , ' ' " "' ' '' ' Before Novemer 18, 1883, One Never Knew Where One Was At, or When. (Special Dispatch to The JocrnaU Washington, p. C, Nov, 18. Twenty five years ago today took place that world-wide revolution in measuring time the adoption of ' tha gtsndard method in the United States, whose ex amples was followed later by other civ ilized countries. Previous to November 18, 1883, the methods of measuring time in this country were so varied and so numerous as to be ludicrous. There were 60 different standards used in the United States from coast to coast, and Oh one' road between New York and Boston, whose actual difference Is 1J minutes, there were three distinct stand ards of time.- ' r Hven email tewns had two different standards, on known as "town" or lo cal time and the other "railroad" time. Naturally this condition .of affairs caused endless complications, and rail road officials were harried to the point of despair In their efforts to make out time tables that could be understood by the lay public. There were many minds which wrestled with the problem. As early as 1869 Professor Charles F. Dowd of Saratoga, N. Y., worked out a theory by which he proposed that time should be regulated by meridians of one hour apart. Sir Sanford Fleming presented a plan based on the 24-'elock notation. The plan which was finally adopted and brought into practice was worked out by W. F. Allen of New York, secre tary and treasurer of the American Railway association. At noon on November 18, 1888, there was a general resetting of watches and clocks all over the United States and Canada, and the four great time zones, one hour apart, into which the conti nent is divided, came into being. So smoothly did Jtlr. Allen's plan work from the beginning that the general re adjustment was accomplished without great difficulty, and it has worked sat isfactorily ever since. Other countries were quick to take notice of the conve nience of the new arrangement, and the majority of them have adopted the same system. H0TALTNG sued by TWELVE DEPOSITORS (United Prwa Lcaaed Wire.) Bun Francisco. Nov. 18. Richard Ho- taltug, capitalist and actor, is prepar ing to combat suits filed against him by twelve depositors in the defunct California Safe Deposit & Trust com pany, for 872.280. they alleKln that as a stockholder in the Institution he Is partly liable for its failure. The Ho taling estate was heavily Interested in the defunct bank. Shortly before Its failure Hotaling purchased 200 shares at 8160 a share. At the time of the failure the Hotaling Interests made a heroic effort to straighten out the bank's tangled affairs. CHS OF OLD TIES AND HOW Mere Politicians Once Good Enough, as Advisers, hut Men Who Do Things Are Now Demanded Whom Taft May Select. , Andersonville Monument. (Siwlal Plapatrh to The Journal ) Andersonville. Ga., Nov. 18. The dedication of the Indiana monument here will take place tomorrow and will be attended by a larger party of state officials and others from Indiana. The monument is of handsome design and was erected In honor of the Indiana soldier dead who are burled In the Na tional cemetery here. The dedication will be accompanied Dy interesting cer ermonlcs. By FREDERIC J. HASKIN. (Copyright, 1908, by Frederic J. Haskln.) Washington. Nov. 18. Not until tha fourth day of next March, when William Howard Taft has taken the oath of of fice aa president of the United. States and has announced the nomination of his cabinet, will there be an end to the speculations of voluntary "cabinet makers." The importance of the cabi net In American politics has been stead ily decreasing while the Importance of the administrative duties of the indi vidual members of the cabinet has In creased. Mr. Tat has served in the cabinet as secretary of war, his father served as secretary of war and as at torney general, and he knows a great deal about cabinets, cabinet timber and cabinet building. William Howard Taft Is the first man to be elected president who has served In a president s Vabinet, since the days of James Buchanan. Experience in act ual administrative government lias not been deemed necessary as a qualifica tion for the presidency. Mr. Taft's pe culiar fitness for the position was urged during the late campaign, but It is nevertheless a fact that very few cabi net officers have become president, and the majority of cabinet members nom inated for the highest office have failed of election. rew Cabinet Wen Elevated. Mr. Taft Is the first secretary of war to become president since James Monroe, If exception be made of the case of General Grunt, who was acting head of tho war department for a briefj time in tne stormy Johnson aamimstra tlon. Jefferson Davis, the president of the Confederate states, was secrecary of war of the United States. Six men who served as secretary of state afterward became president Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, Martin Van Buren and James Buchanan. The White House has never been occupied by a man who had served as secretary - of the treasury. None of the other cabinet officers has ever been promoted to the chief magis tracy. The Btate department has fur nished six presidents, the war depart ment has given two. Including Taft, but none of the others has brought forth a man for the IrtHtd of the na tion. The treasury department, however, is credited with two chief Justices of the supreme court Roger B. Taney and Salmon P. Chase. Old Hen May Be Betalned. As Taft's administration will continue the same political party In power there is not the necessity for a clean sweep or the cabinet slate which occurs when the party power changes. There is little doubt that Taft will retain in his cabi net some of the men who have sat with him at the council table of President Roosevelt. It is generally conceded that one of those who will be retained is James Wilson of Iowa, secretary of agriculture. He is the only man who was In Mc Kinley's cabinet who has served through the Roosevelt administration. The port war who has served In two cabinets of opposite political complexion. President Hayes appointed a Tennes see Democrat. David McK. Key, to postmaster-general, in 1877. Three years later he was succeeded by Horace May nard, a Tennessee Republican. Much comment was caused by the action of President Roosevelt in putting a south ern man in the cabinet As a matter of (act, every president after the war had a southern' man in his cabinet until William McKinley came ' to tha White House in 1897. And If tha border states of Maryland. Missouri and West Vir ginia be counted, the south has had representation in every cabinet since the civil war. ,.--..- Opposing reader la Cabins, ,.. ;- At the beginning of tha government under the constitution, President Wash ington was very much afraid of the rise of the party spirit. He did everything possible to keep down . factional strife and attempted tm resolve every quarrel Into a compromise for the good of the union. It was with this end In view that he Invited Into his first cabinet the leaders of the two wings of opinion. He ' made Thomaa Jefferson secretary of state and Alexander Hamilton secre tary of the treasury. Ever since that day every" political battle In the United States has divided along lines marked Jeffersonlan and Hamfltonian. That these two great men did not agree in the cabinet was Inevitable, but the greater Washington managed to steer a middle course and to take advantage of the wisdom of each,1 eschewing the unwisdom. In that day and until the time of the civil war the president's cabinet was made up of personal advisers of the president. The personnel of the body was wholly In the keeping of the pres ident, and he might change It at will. The cabinet was regarded as' an ad visory council, rather than aa an ad ministrative body. True, cabinet offi cers some times refused to do as the president wished them to do. Andrew Jackson had to change secretaries of the treasury quite often In his celebrated fight against the Bank of the United States. In Andy Johnson's Tims. It was not until the storirfy adminis tration of President Johnson that the character of the cabinet was modified. Congress and the president were at log gerheads, and many members of the cabinet were Intensely opposed to the policies of the executive. Congress thereupon proceeded to strengthen its control over the administrative affairs of government by passing the tenure of office act, which made the consent of the senate necessary to the removal of a cabinet officer. President Johnson vetoed the bill, but It was passed over his protest. Under that law Johnson suspended Kdwln M. Stanton, secretary of war. The senate refused to concur In the suspension and Stanton again took up his duties. Stanton was doing everything in his power to have the president convicted on the Impeachment trim in me senate. When Johnson was acquitted Stanton "relinquished his of fice." . Had Johnson been removed on con viction by the senate the tenure of of fice act wouid have come to Its logical conclusion it would have made the cab inet supreme and the president a mere figurehead. Rut when Johnson was ac quitted the fight was lost. While the law remained on the statute books, suc ceeding presidents have claimed the rlRht to determine the personnel of the cabinet and no man lias attempted to stay In a cabinet office against the will of the president. Thus the cabinet Is now, it was in the beginning, practically responsible to the prestflent alone. Taft knows wfit a cabinet Is expect ed to do and he knows better than any other man what kind of men are needed for the heads of the departments. His selections probably will surprise the old school politicians; they will not surprise the newer school of adi.inlstratlve business men. 0 Anty Drudge Goes to the Theatre Even on Monday Nights. Anty Drudge--"Won't you go to .the theatre with me to-night, Mrs. Hardwork?" Mrs. Hardwork "No, thank you. I never go anywhere ' on Monday night. I'm always tired out with .wash ingaUday.1" Anty Drudge "Why don't you use Fels-Naptha soap as Mrs. Nuway does? Then you wouldn't he tired and your wash would be drying on the line before noon." You wrong Fels-Naptha, and do an injustice to your self, if you use Fels-Naptha as an ordinary soap with hot water. I t is deadly to dirt and grease andrgermsin cold pr lukewarm water. You . don' t know what snow white clothes are till you see them washed with Fels-Naptha. Lots of other ways Fels-Naptha will save you work and t i me. Directions for all its uses on the red and green wrap- ' per.v folio of agriculture Is the only one that has not changed hands during the pres ent regime. If Wilson is reappointed by Taft, and If he serves until November 28, 1909, he will have equalled the longest record or continuous service in the cabinet. Albert Gallatin, secretary of the treas ury, served through all of the two Jef ferson administrations, through all of the first Madison administration and into Madison's second term. The total length of Gallatin's service was 12 years, eight months and 24 days. With the expiration of Roosevelt's term, Wilson will have served 12 years. It Is probable that no one man's service has resulted in such great direct bene fit to the whole people of the United States as that of James Wilson. Cabinet of Many Changes. . More changes have taken place In the personnel of the cabinet during the Roosevelt administration than under any other president. He has had two sec retaries of state John Hay and Elihu Root; three secretaries of tho treasury Lyman J. Gage. Leslie M. Shaw and George B. Cortelyou; three secretaries of war Elihu Root, William H. Taft and Luke E. Wright; two secretaries of the interior Ethan A. Hitchcock and James K. Garfield; five secretaries of the navy John IX Long, William H. Moody, Paul Morton, Charles J. Bona parte and Victor H. Metcalf; one secre tary of agriculture James Wilson; five postmasters general Charles Em ory Smith, Henry C. Payne, Robert J. Wynne, George B. Cortelyou and George von L. Mever: three' attorneys general Philander C. Knox. William H. Moody and Charles J. Bonaparte; and three secretaries of commerce and labor George li. Cortelyou. Victor H. Metcalf and Oscar S. Straus. The last named office was created since Roosevelt be came president. Workers Wanted, Not Politicians. The administrative duties of the in dividual members of the cabinet have Increased so rapidly in the past 20 years that presidents nowadays are forced to consider other things than political prominence as a qualification for a portfolio. In olden days, the cabinet'a chief function was to advise the president on matters of govern mental policy. Politicians were the men for the places, and administrative duties were quite generally delegated to sub ordinates. The subordinates still do a great deal of work, but it Is never theless true that a change has come over the cabinet. Measured by the old standards, the cabinets of today are comuaratively weak. By the rule of the era of the card-Index they are strong. Hitchoock and Cortelyou. It la believed that Taft will give Frank H. Hitchcock, chairman of the national Republican committee, a place at the cabinet table. Roosevelt shocked the "elder statesmen" of his party when he introduced Cortelyou .into the dis tinguished company of cabinet minis ters. Both men are the products of a practical age, trained to do great things with the least possible friction by means of perfect organization and sys tem. Hitchcock will bo, as Cortelyou has been, a successful administrative officer. They know how to do the big things-necessary to be done. But It Is to bajdoubted if the country will ever look either ss the author of a great movement In statecraft. Members' rrom Opposite Party. It Is the general belief that Taft will retain in his cabinet as secretary of war Ma close personal friend, Luke E. Wright of Tennessee. Wright still claims to be a Democrat. More than one pres ident has Invited personal friends of opposite political faith to serve In the cabinet. Walter Q. Greshamw an In diana Republican, served as secretary of war under President Arthur. Later he was made secretary of state by Pres-' Ident Cleveland, although he did pot re nounce Ms claim to the title of "Repub lican, He la the only nan sine thai EVELT'S I UK TO BUNKO Federal Agents Seeking Oil Stock Floaters at Oak land, California. (United Press baaaed Wlre.t Washington, D. C, Nov. 18. Federal agents at Oakland, Cal.. at the direction of President Roosevelt are endeavoring to discover trace of the Roosevelt Oil company of that city, which has been flooding tho mail with large, stock of fers with the unauthorized use of the president's name and accompanied by the use of his photograph, also unau thorized. It was learned here that the post office Inspectors could find no clue to the whereabouts of the company and that the oil men at Oakland say they know nothing of its existence. The ad dress given on a stock circular was the Union Savings Bank building, but there is no Roosevelt Oil company at that address. In the meantime, on the rnmninint r a financier who declares the operations oi mo concern are questionable, the postoffice authorities are gathering ev idence to warrant the exclusion nf tha company's circulars from the malls. EMPRESS PIIESEXTS HOSPITAL WITH X-RAY (Special Diapatrh'ro The Jonrnal t Berlin, Nov. 18. The empress has presented to the hospital of Hildesbein a complete installation of X-rays, and In the afternoon of the day of presentation visited the hospital, where she made an explanation of X-rays and a photograph of a hand In illustration. It Is rumored In this city that In the agreement lately celebrated between England and Russia the latter obtained the right of free passage in the Straits of Dardanelles in exchange for the rec ognition of British occupation In Egypt The Interparliamentary union has ac cepted the invitation of Canada to meet next year in Quebec. Prince Edward Elections. Charlottetown, P. E. I., Nov. 18. Gen eral elections for members of the Prince Edward Island legislature are in progress today. A liberal victory la predicted, though possibly their major ity may be cut. A FAT BABY Usually Evidenoe of Proper Feeding1, ' " r"' ' C r : ' ' -f J-i'Y - el. f . iVt r :xr f vV 1 ' I ' I i ' '- ' ' - ' ' I 4 ? -; - " 1 ' ' - , f " ' ' I M i s ' - k SS'-,'''- -"',' ; ' S THAMVING Less than two weeks away it will be wise to provide yourself with , one of our RAINCOATS or OVERCOATS now, while choosing is at its best. The superiority of those we sell is conceded by everyone. If you would join the ranks of satisfied customers, have our genial salesmen show you no obligation to purchase. MODESTLY PRICED " $1 5 to $4 m LEADING CLOTHIER l Babies grow very rapidly and If they do not get the right kind of food they grow backwards instead of forwards that is, when their food Is not nourish ing they grow thin and cross and some of them die from tha lack of the riarht kind of food. A girl writes: 'My aunt's baby was very delicate and was always ill. She was not able to nurse it and took it to one doctor after another, but none of them did the child any good. 'One day mother told my aunt to trv Grape-Nut for the baby, but she laughed and said if the doctors couldn't do the baby any good," how could Grape-Nuts? But mother said try it anyway." 'So my aunt put one tablespoonful of Grape-Nuts In a quarter cup of hot water and when the food was soft ahe added as much milk as water and gava that to the baby. 'In. a month and a half yon- would hardly have known that baby. It. was so fat and thrived so fast. A neighbor asked my aunt what made the baby so healthy and fat when Onlyv six weeks before it was so thin. - She said Grape-Nuts.' The neighbor got Grape Nuts for her baby and it was soon as fat as my aunt's child." "There's a reason." - Name given by Postum Co., Battle Creek, Mich. Read "Tha Road to Well ville," In pkgs. ' . t ' Evr read th above letter?, A new one appears from time to time. I'hef are genuine, true and full of human Interest. m : - TWO WAYS ' of SHOPPING One way to search for bargains is to visit the shops usually it tires and wears you out. The other way is the plan of those who now who have abandoned this method they read Journal Want Ads every evening perhaps while eating their supper. The result is they find the best bargains without trouble or incon venience, without the need of leaving home. Thousands of people tell their wants in Journal Want Ads every day. If you can supply them you make money. If some one fills your wants you save money. You may want a stove or a sewing machine. Read Journal Want Ads and see who wants to sell theirs at a low price. You Can Easily Sell the Things You Have No More Use For ! KM . . New Jersey Odd Fellowg. (Special Plapatrh to The Journal. N Trenton, N. J.. Nov. it. The annual meeting of the New Jersey Grand Ijodge of Oddfellows began In this city today and will contjpue over tomorrow. One of the principal feature of the session will be the laying of the cornerstone of tho addition to th Oddfeflows' Home near here. . Eyes tested free at Jfe''gr's .LydlA Thompson.. (I nitf 4 rreae Ii.1 t . , New York. N-iv. I - - S'Ml. Itllrt a ! t: i - , - - t'-rlay ...,':