The morning Astorian., May 17, 1908, Page 6, Image 6

THE MORNING ASTORIAN, ASTORIA, OIIEGON.
SUNDAY, MAY 17, 1908.
THE ISLANDS
OF HAWAII!
Traditions, Facts and Charms of the Lovely
Group, as Set Forth By Mrs. Cyrus E. Pal
mer, of Portland, for These Columns ,
Situated on the cross roads of the
racific, in the course of vessels bound
from San Francisco to China, Japan,
New Zeland and Australia, lies the
most important group of islands north
cf the Equator.
They were originally named the
Sandwich Islands by Captain Cook in
honor of the Earl of Sandwich, First
Lord of the Admiralty at the time of
the discovery.
Now I have read a story that the
Earl of Sandwich was so devoted to
gambling that he could not leave the
game long enough to eat and ordered
ftis food to be brought to him in the
shape of two pieces of bread with a
piece of meat between them hence
the origin of the sandwich but
whether this be the same Earl or not,
matters little now, since the name has
passed into disuse and the musical
native name Hawaiian has taken its
place.
The habitable islands of this group
are eight in number in order of size
as follows: Hawaii, Maui, Oahu,
Kauai, Molokai, Lanai, Niihau and
Kahoolawe. They are of volcanic
origin and many of them are border
ed, thought not surrounded by coral
reefs and their combined area is less ,
than that of the State of Massachu-
setts. Hawaii, the largest 01 xne
group, having an area of 4210 square
miW is verv mountainous. The
mighty domes striking the eye at
nee from the ocean, are named
Mauna Kea, Mauna Loa (both over
13,000 feet high), and Hualalai over
8000 feet The active volcano of
T;t!it!a U located on the side of
Manna Loa and from time immemor
ial was believed by the natives to be
the home of the most potent of all
their deities, the Goddess Pele. Here
she, with her attendant demons, re
velled in flames and bathed in the fiery
billows. She ordered the time and
seasons of the eruptions and earth
quakes. Animalls, and often human be
ings, were cast into the crater to ap
pease the wrath of the Goddess and
even to this day superstition reigns
in the hearts of the people.
Only a few years ago, a sister of
King Kalakua, hearing that the fires
of the crater had ceased (a pheno
menon which usually precedes an
overflow) and believing that by sac
rificing her life she could save the
fives of thousands, refused all nour
ishment and died.
The flow of 1856 came near de
stroying the town of Hilo. The vil
lagers were in a state of great con
fusion and fear wen the Rev. Mr.
Coan (one of the fathers of the mis
sion) prayed that the lava might stop
and it obeyed greatly to the confu
sion of the, heathen and strengthening
the faith of the Christians. Unfor
tunately this story has an epilogue
which spoils it. In 1881 the flow also
ran directly for Hilo and it seemed
as if the village were doomed. The
prayers of Father Coan proved inef
ficient but an ancient Hawaiian prin
cess of heathen propensities and en
ormous proportions was equal to the
emergency. She came with incanta
tions and sacrifices and threw pigs
(roast pigs are as dear to the Ha
waiian as to Charles Lamb) into the
molten lava and the flow ceased.
The second island in size, Xaui, has
an area of 760 square miles or one
sixth the size of Hawaii. This island
is composed of two mountainous ele
vations, connected by an isthmus.
Lohaina on its north coast is the
ancient capital of the islands and is
the site of the first seminary for
teaching English, established by
American missionaries nearly 80
years ago. It is still in a flourishing
condition and is one of the best edu
vational institutions in the free school
system.
Oahu is the best known of all the
islands and third in size, having an
area of 600 square miles. It is the
greatest of all the islands in agricul
tural products. Honolulu, the capital,
is situated on this island and has the
reputation of being as near Eden as
any place on earth. Honolulu Har
bor will never be a great harbor, as
there is little room, and inadequate
protection from storms. Pearl Har
bor, a good dozen miles east of Hono
lulu, is destined to become the great
commercial harbor of the island. The
coral reef separating the inner harbor
from the roadstead outside must be
ctit through first at an estimated cost
of $1,500,000. With the opening of
Pearl Harbor and the completion of
the ocean cable from San Francisco,
Pearl City will become the city of
Hawaii, although it is probable the
capital will remain at Honolulu.
Kauai is called the Garden Isle and
is regarded as the oldest of the Ha
waiian group.
Miihau is one of the smallest isl
ands, containing only 70,000 acres of
land, which all belongs to one firm of
sheen raisers. The whole island is
one extensive sheep ranch.
Molokai, 40 miles long and seven
wide, is the first land sighted by ves
sels from San Francisco to Honolulu
A small peninsula on the north side,
fenced otf from the rest of the island
by a lofty and almost vertical preci
pice is the leper settlement of 1200
persons. Five Catholic sisters min
ister to the wants of the lepers, some
of these having been on the island
since 1885. None of them are af
flicted for they take care to be cleanly
which is the best protection.
No divorce is necessary if either
husband or wife has leprosy. When
a man or woman is sent to Molokai,
he or she is permitted to marry again
without applying to the courts, so is
the man or woman who is not
afflicted. Priests perform the cere
monies in the leper colony and.
strange to say, more children are born
in proportion to the population, than
in anv other spot on the globe. Even
stranger is the fact that not one io
500 of these children are born with
leprosy. The girls who do not have
the disease, are taken to an institute
in Honolulu, where they are educated
and cared for by the Catholic Sisters.
No provision has been made for the
boys and nearly all of them sooner or
later, contract the disease. The meth
ods adopted in Hawaii for the sup
pression of leprosy will doubtless
eradicate the scourage from those
islands within the next generation or
two. A tribute must be paid to the
memory of Father Damien, who free
ly sacrificed his life for the benefit of
the lepers on Molokai. He was a
moral hero such as the world rarely
sees.
To go back to our islands Lanai is
ten by nineteen miles in extent, a lit
tle gem of an island, devoted until
recently to sheep raising. But the
sugar interest has extended there
also.
Last on the list comes Kahoolowe
six by fourteen miles and devoted
principally to cattle raising.
The climate of the Hawaiian Is
lands is ideal. They may be called
a summer resort or a winter resort,
for the seasons vary so little that
the changes are scarcely perceptible
and this naturally leads up to the
subject of products.
The business and resources of the
islands are purely agricultural and
the fertile valleys are covered with
sugar, cotton and rice plantations.
Oranges, limes, grape fruit, bananas,
pine-apples, guavas, mangoes, peaches
the mammee apple, cassava, alligator
pear, (which by the way is a great
flesh producer), bread fruit and yack
which resembles bread fruit but two
or three times larger, also poha,
whose berry makes excellent jelly
. ... 1 ' i.
ami jam, sweet potatoes, yams wnicn,
I will remark for the benefit of the
floriculturists, is a climbing plant
cultivated in tropical climates for the
sake of its large tubers or roots) all
these grow on the islands, but there
are two products native to the islands
of such peculiar interest that I must
tell you about them.
First is the papaya which has num
erous uses the fruit may be eaten
raw with pepper and sugar, but is
generally (cooked with lemon juice
and sugar. It is a fattening food for
pigs and chickens. The juice is used
as a cosmetic and will readily remove
freckles. The leaves are used by the
natives as a substitute for soap and
a few drops of the juice mixed with
water will in a few moments render
meat tender.
But most interesting of all is the
taro, a plant indigenous to these is
lands. The tubers contain more
nutriment for a given weight than any
other vegetable food. The young
tops when cooked are hard to distin
guish from spinach. The tubers must
be cooked before they can be used
as food, in order to dissipate a very
acrid principle that exixts in both
leaves and roots.
The Kanaka! farming consists in
the cultivation of this plant other
things may grow, but to the taro his
labor is devoted. Great skill is dis
played in irrigating and preparing the
soil; beds being made of rich, soft
mud, each bed surrounded by a wall
of earth impervious to water. The
plant is propagated by sotting out the
tops of the ripe root; water is then let
in on them and retained until the
planting of the next crop. 40 square
feet, of taro will supply food for an
average sized family for a year. The
plant flourishes perennially in the is
lands and constitutes a chief article
of diet to thousands of Chinese and
Japanese laborers in addition to . the
majority of Kanaka natives. The
latter are most fond of it when made
into poe, a glutinous concoction at
once nurishiug and pleasing to the
taste. However, taro can be eaten in
various waysboiled, baked or fried
and it is said that all who eat the taro
are never troubled with indigestion.
In fact many foreigners have been
cured of this ailment by the ue of
taro flour, which has been lately in
trouduced from Honolulu.
The coffee crop will eventually
. - ; s....f nnil vnlllt"
rival sugar m .mum... -
This product is the hope of the coun
try and is eminently suited to a man
with a large family, as tnc cnuum.
make good pickers.
On account of the limited amount
of wood on the islands, the question
of rain has become a serious matter.
Laws have been passed prohibiting
cutting of trees except tor nre wuou.
Ml lumber for building is imported
from Oregon and Washington, but
fine building stone ot lava roc n
avaiiaDie.
Song birds arc limited to
few
species, but many varieties are adorn
ed with the brilliant plumage of the
tropics. One of the latter spec.es has
under each wing a small tun u.
, i.i.... V..1I.1W color about
ers oi a ;,-'",-', j .
one inch in length from which
me
war cloak of the King
was mauc.
m.: ti.- U four feet long
with a
1 1113 .
spread of 111 feet at the bottom and
so rare are the feathers composing it
that its formation is said to have oc
cupied nine successive reigns. Capt.
Cook, being thought a God, was de
corated with this priceless mantel.
The Hawaiians have many tradi
tions of their origin and one point is
always agreed upon-the Hawaiian
came from the south far away. They
were carried away by a storm while
endeavoring to reach friendly people,
self expatriated for opposing a native
monarch and endeavoring to over
throw the government.
The leaders were of royal blood.
They Came in open boats made from
ereat trees hollowed out. They were
out many weeks and after eating all
ttipir food, ate their slaves. Millions
of flying lish filling their boats, saved
the others until the Hawaiian Islands
were reached.
That the Hawaiian is of Polynesian
origin there is little doubt. There is
no authenticated history of the rulers
previous to the ascension of Kame
hamcha I who wrested the power from
the petty Kings one by one. Kamc
hameha I was the father of two Kings
following his long and splendid reign
by Kcapuolani, known as the queen
who broke the abominable practice of
denying sacred food, and the king's
person and the abject slavery of worn
en to custom.
Kamchamcha III ascended the
throne at the age of 19 March 17,
1K31 He was an enlightened, just
and good king as is evidenced by Hie
fact that his birthday and ascension
to the throne March 17th, has been
declared a national holiday.
VVitli Kamehameha V ended the
Kamchamcha dynasty and the next
king was elected by the nobles and
representatives and crowned king in
1873. He reigned but one year, and
nine days after his death Kala Kaua
was crowned king. lie was 37 years
old and an educated, liberal minded
man, but like too many men suddenly
an unexpectedly become great, he be
came selfish and grew autocratic and
arbitrary. The missionaries who
placed him in power were scandal
ized by his maintenance of a notori
ous, harem, of the restoration of the
Imla hull and suocrstitious rites of
various kinds. This finally resulted
in a popular uprising in 1887, which
wrested from the king a large portion
of his power.
His death in San Francisco in 1891
was a decided relief to the political
situation of Hawaii.. Nine days af
ter Kalakaua's death, his sister, Lili-
uokolani was crowned queen. Her
brother had nominated her as his suc
cessor with the approval of the church
party, always the dominant party in
Hawaiian politics, as indeed they had
a right to be, tor it was American
missionaries who went to those is
lands and from the most superstit
ious and immoral of people have
given the world a self respecting, in
telligent and excellent race.
(Concluded Tuesday).
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fOK SALE.
FOR SALE OR RENT-ONE 2
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For particulars apply to Mrs. L. A.
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FOR RENT A VERY DESIRABLE
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PROFESSIONAL CARD),
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW
CHARLES H. ABERCROMDIE
Attorney-it-Ltw
City Attorney Offices: City Hall
JOHN C, McCUE
Attcrney-at-Law
Deputy District Attorney,
Page Building S!tc 4.
HOWARD M. BROWNELL
Attorney-at-Law
Office with Mr. J. A. Eakln, V. 420
Commercal St., Aitoria.
1
MASSAGE.
DOCTORS PRESCRIBING MAS
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masseuse, Pythian bldg., Commercial
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OSTEOPATHS,
DR. RHODA C. HICKS
Osteopath
Office Manscll Bldg. Phone Block 2065
573 Commercial St.. Aitoria. Ore.
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DR. VAUOHAN
Dentist
Pythian Building. Aitoria, Oregon
DR. W. C, LOGAN
Dentist
Commercial St Shanahan Bldg.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
RESTAURANTS.
TOKIO RESTAURANT.
351 Bond Street.
Opposite Ross, Higgins & Co.
Coffee with Pie or Cakt 10 Cta.
FIRST-CLASS MEALS
Regular Meals 1 S Cts. and Up.
U. 8. RESTAURANT.
434 Bond Street
Coffee with Pie or Cake, 10 Cts.
Fixst-Class Meals, IS Cts.
12th St.,' Below Commercial
Short Orders and Oysters at
All Hours. The Best the
Market Affords
Good Service
Fresh ,Oyers always on hand from
one pint n,.
TONNIE THEAUDEAUS.
FISH MARKET.
77 Ninth St., near Bond
"Fresh and Salted Fish.
Game and Poultry.
Groceries, Produce and Fruit
Imported and Domestic
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P. Bakotitch & Feo, Proprs.
Phone Red 2183
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flip 0 i IIP IB i
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J. A. CI I USA VC1 II CO.,
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The MKM Un
PASSENOERS FREIOHT
J5P
ateamer - Luriinc
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Leaves Portland Daily eicept SnnSay
at J a. m.
Quirk Service Excellent Meala
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Landing Astoria Flavel Wharf.
Landing Portland Foot Taylor ft.
J. J. DAY, Agent
Phone Main 2711.
MIDICAU
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DR. t GEE U
TEE GREAT
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SUCCESSFUL BOMS TREATMENT.
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THE C GEE W0 MEDICINE CO.
12 First 8t, Corner Morrisoa,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
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J, B, Benoit & Son
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Estimates given. Repairs a Specialty.
Phone Red 2413. 893 Commercial St.
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Thoso Pleated Bosom Shirts
The kind known by dressy men in
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TROY LAUNDRY,
Tenth and Duane. Phone Main 1991
PLUMBERS.
J.
PLUMBER
Heating Contractor, Tinner
-AND-
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ALL WORK GUARANTEED
425 Bond Street
V5
WINES AND LIQUORS.
Eagle Concert Hall
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Rooms for rent by the day, week, or
month. Best rates in town.
P. A. PETERSON, Prop.